Sea Pollution of the Gulf of Elefsina (Thriassio Pedio area, Attiki, Greece) Research Team: Rammou...
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Transcript of Sea Pollution of the Gulf of Elefsina (Thriassio Pedio area, Attiki, Greece) Research Team: Rammou...
Sea Pollution of the Gulf of ElefsinaSea Pollution of the Gulf of Elefsina(Thriassio Pedio area, Attiki, Greece)(Thriassio Pedio area, Attiki, Greece)
Research Team:Research Team:
Rammou AnnaRammou Anna
Kalafati AlexianaKalafati Alexiana
Basileiadou LenaBasileiadou Lena
AIMSAIMS1.1. WATER QUALITY IN INDUSTRIAL AND WATER QUALITY IN INDUSTRIAL AND
URBAN AREAS AROUND ATHENSURBAN AREAS AROUND ATHENS
2. S2. SOURCES OF POLLUTION, THE OURCES OF POLLUTION, THE CONSEQUENCES OF POLLUTANTS ON CONSEQUENCES OF POLLUTANTS ON MARINE LIFE AND HUMANSMARINE LIFE AND HUMANS
3. SUGGESTIONS AND SOLUTIONS3. SUGGESTIONS AND SOLUTIONS
4. COMPARISON OF RESULTS WITH THE 4. COMPARISON OF RESULTS WITH THE FOREIGN STUDENTSFOREIGN STUDENTS
HYPOTHESISHYPOTHESIS
POLLUTION FROMPOLLUTION FROM::
A.A. INDUSTRIAL EFFLUENTSINDUSTRIAL EFFLUENTS
B.B. URBAN WASTEWATERURBAN WASTEWATER
C.C. AGRICULTURAL RUN-OFFAGRICULTURAL RUN-OFF
EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION
Two areas of the region were sampled, at Aspropyrgos (a heavily polluted area) and at Loutropyrgos (less polluted area). The water samples were analysed for suspended solids, nitrates (NO2
-) and chlorophyll by the University Lab.
SAMPLING AREASAMPLING AREA
Sampling Area
Sampling Point
Sampling Point
SAMPLING POINTSSAMPLING POINTS
Suspended solids (SS)Suspended solids (SS) The samples size was two (2) litres of
water from Aspropyrgo and Loutropyrgo.
• Dry filter papers in oven at 103 °C – 105 °C and then weight to the nearest milligram and record the mass (Mfilter).
• Filtrate the sample• Dry the filtrated filter papers in oven• Weight to the nearest milligram and record
the mass (Mdried_filter).Mfilter + Mss = Mdried_filter and Mss = Mdried_filter – Mfilter
Suspended solidsSuspended solids
RESULTS
Sample Suspended solids mg/l
Aspropyrgos 9.5
Loutropyrgos 9.0
NitratesNitrates
• Spectrophotometric method.• Addition to the samples of various solutions
to form colour.• Prepare three standard solutions of NO2
- of 0.1, 0.2 and 0.3 μg/l
• Measure of absorbtion by a spectrophotometer of the standard solutions and the samples.
HowHow absorbtionabsorbtion(Α)(Α) is connected is connected with concetrationwith concetration ( (cc)?)?
• HYPOTHETICAL FACT: Α=axc+b
• (a, b=ct)
Concentration NO2(μg/l) Absorbtion
0.1 0.0922
0.2 0.1572
0.3 0.2863
That’s the linear relationship we are looking for: y=0,4726x+0,0525
Consequently:Α=0.4726c+0.0525 (1)
Sample Absorbtion Average
Aspropyrgos 1st calculation:0.0546
2nd calculation:0.0526
0.0536
Loutropyrgos 1st calculation:0.0571
2nd calculation:0.0541
0.0556
NitratesNitrates
We solve the relationship (1):c=A-0.0525/0.4726
RESULTS
Sample Nitrates, mg/l
Aspropyrgos 0.0023
Loutropyrgos 0.0065
ChlorophyllChlorophyll
• Filtrate two (2) litres of water sample from each area.
• Homogenisation• Add 11-12 ml of acetone• Centrifuge at 3000 rounds/ min for
ten (10) minutes.• 2 wavelengths (665 nm and 750 nm) • cell’s light path: 5 cm • HCL: 8drops
RESULTSRESULTSSample Chlorophyll, μg/l
Aspropyrgos 0.8437
Loutropyrgos 0.4272
CAUSES OF POLLUTION - CAUSES OF POLLUTION - LITERATURE REVIEWLITERATURE REVIEW
1.1. INDUSTRYINDUSTRY::1.1. STEEL INDUSTRIESSTEEL INDUSTRIES
(HALIVOURGIKI(HALIVOURGIKI))2.2. OIL REFINERIESOIL REFINERIES3.3. SHIP YARDSSHIP YARDS
2.2. Aghios Georgios Aghios Georgios creek (Tannerycreek (Tannery))3.3. Landfill of Ano Landfill of Ano LiosiaLiosia4.4. Sewage SludgeSewage Sludge ((Psittalia)Psittalia)
IMPLICATIONSIMPLICATIONS
1.1. IMPLICATIONS FOR HUMAN HEALTHIMPLICATIONS FOR HUMAN HEALTHA.A. SKIN DISEASESSKIN DISEASESB.B. CANCERCANCERC.C. MENTAL RETARDNESSMENTAL RETARDNESS
2.2. IMPLICATIONS FOR THE ENVIRONMENTIMPLICATIONS FOR THE ENVIRONMENTA.A. REDUCTION OF PLANGTONREDUCTION OF PLANGTONB.B. REDUCTION OF DISSOLVED OXYGENREDUCTION OF DISSOLVED OXYGENC.C. EYTROPHICATIONEYTROPHICATION
3.3. IMPLICATIONS FOR MARINE ORGANISMSIMPLICATIONS FOR MARINE ORGANISMSA.A. DESTRUCTION OF ALGAEDESTRUCTION OF ALGAEB.B. LACK OF FOOD FOR MARINE ORGANISMSLACK OF FOOD FOR MARINE ORGANISMS
SUGGESTIONS - SOLUTIONSSUGGESTIONS - SOLUTIONS
A.A. PSITTALIA (SEWAGE PSITTALIA (SEWAGE SLUDGE)SLUDGE)
B.B. LANDFILL (LEACHATE)LANDFILL (LEACHATE)
C.C. LEGISLATIONLEGISLATION
D.D. INVESTMENT IN INVESTMENT IN POLLUTION POLLUTION ABATEMENT ABATEMENT TECHNOLOGYTECHNOLOGY
E.E. PEOPLE AWARENESSPEOPLE AWARENESS
THANK YOU FOR YOUR THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTIONATTENTION