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Transcript of Sd Training Demo Stu
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Akshara
12/15/2011
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Akshara
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Contents
About ERP
About SAP
SA
PArchi
tec
tur
e
SAP Modules & SAP Product Portfolio
ASAP Methodology
Navigation in SAP
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About ERP
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Package: It is collection of executable programs, functions andactions. Ex: MS-office, ATM, Railway Reservations, etc.,
Language: It is collection of executable statements/instructions to
the system. Ex: c, c++, java etc.,
SAP is an ERP Package
WHATis SAP?
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What is ERP
Most organizations across the world have realized that in a rapidlychanging environment, it is impossible to create and maintain a
custome designed software package which will cater to all
requirements and also be completely up-to-date.
ERP will offer and integrated software solution to all the functions of an
organization.
Enterprise Resource PlanningWell Established Men HR
Organization Material MM
(which is having Machine Engineering
Different businessMoney Finance
Processes) Method Planning
Standard software package taking care of all needs of an enterprise
ERP integrates business processes across company
ERP provides and helps enterprise to adopt latest technology and
international business practices with minimum ease.
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ERP MAKES MANAGEMENT REPORTING andDECISION MAKINGFASTERAND UNIFORM THROUGH OUT AN ORGANIZATION
ERP PROMOTES THINKING ABOUT CORPORATE GOALS AS OPPOSED
TO GOALS OF A SINGLE DEPARTMENT
WHY ERP ?
For managing 4 Ms of an enterprise effectively
Money
MenMachine
Material
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Package Evaluations
SAP
Oracle
Siebel
People soft
JD Edwards
BAAN
And many more
ERP made the SAP R/3 the worldwide standard.
Since 1996, SAP R/3 has supported e-commerce.
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Business without ERP
CustomersCustomers
Customer
Calls to place
order for a
Car1
Sales
office/Inventory
contacts PP
3
Sales office
contacts
Inventory
2
ProductionProductionPlanningPlanning
InventoryInventory
3
4
PP contacts
Purchasing for
raw material
PurchasingPurchasing
SalesSales
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Business without ERP (Contd)
Lets add some more Business Processes
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Business without ERP (Contd)
PurchasingPurchasing
CustomersCustomers
VendorsVendors
Shop floorShop floor
ProductionProductionPlanningPlanning
InventoryInventory
FinanceFinance
Where is mycar
Whom tocontact for
status?
What is this
confusion
What is
Cost and
profit
What to
manufactur
e??
SalesSales
This slide highlights the lack ofinformation flow within the organization
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Business without ERP (Contd)
SalesSales
Dear Sir,
Your Order
I did not orderfor a
TRUCK!!!!
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Overall picture
SalesSales
Production
Planning
General LedgerGeneral Ledger
PurchasingPurchasing
CustomersCustomers
VendorsVendors
InventoryInventoryShop Floor
execution
A/RA/RA/PA/P
Numerous disparate information systems, developed individually over time
Integrating the data becomes costly - time, money, resourcesInconsistencies and duplication of data
Lack of timely information
An integrated system was the need of the hour
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What is ERP?
ERP
comp
rises of a
comme
rcial softwa
re pa
ckage t
hat p
rom
isesthe seamless integration of all the information flowing through
the company such as financial, accounting, human resources,supply chain and customer information.
PP
GL
Plants
Shop
Floor
Sales
HRFA
AP
AR
Purchasing
Partner
Systems
Payroll
TreasuryMarketing
Mfg.
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Evolution of ERP
In the 1960s, the concept of ERP was limited to the fact that Organizations wished
to integrate all departments and functions in order to increase revenues. Theemphasis was initially on inventory control and inventory management. During the
1970s the focus shifted to Material Requirement. Gradually, the concept of ERP
was introduced to Distribution Management activities during the 1980s. It was in
the 1990s that efforts were made to integrate all functions of an Organization. This
stemmed from the fact that businesses were becoming increasingly complex and
the concept of ERP had to be evolved to meet business needs.
In 1972, five managers from IBM left to start a company that is known today as
SAP (Systems, A pplications and Products). SAP eventually became the first
company to develop and implement ERP specific software and applications. Today,SAP is one of the leaders in ERP software.
While there is no doubt that ERP has improved and evolved over the past years, its
concept and purpose have remained the same. One can however expect the design
of ERP to keep on evolving in the coming years.
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Evolution of ERP
Material Requirements Planning (MRP) systems were developed in the 1970s which involved mainly
planning the product or parts requirements according to the master production schedule.
Following this route new software systems called Manufacturing Resources Planning (MRP II) wereintroduced in the 1980s with an emphasis on optimizing manufacturing processes by synchronizing
the materials with production requirements. MRP II included areas such as shop floor and distribution
management, project management, finance, human resource and engineering.
ERP systems first appeared in the late 1980s and the beginning of the 1990s with the power of
enterprise-wide inter-functional coordination and integration.
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Advantages of ERP
Enable improved business performance
Cycle Time Reduction
Inventory Reduction
- Improved Cost Control
Order Execution Improvement
Align with extended business partners Support business growth requirements
New Products
New Markets
Provide integrated real-time system
Better responsiveness across organization Eliminate limitations in legacy systems
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How ERP helps
All data
is ava
ila
ble
in
cent
ral data
base
Eliminates data redundancy
Data is updated and available real-time
One point entry of data
Best business practices inbuilt
Modular system Can implement only required
functions
Others can be easily integrated later Transparency and Control to extent required Managers can utilize their time in analysis and spend less
time in coordination effort
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About SAP
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SAP headquarters, Walldorf, Germany
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History ofSAP
SAP is the leading ERP software package. SAP was the first to integrate a corporation's worldwide
functions tightly into one application. SAP, translated from its original German name, stands for
Systems Applications and Products in Data Processing. Five former IBM programmers founded
SAP AG in Germany, and released the first version of their software, SAP R/2, in 1979. SAP
renamed itself in 1977, prior to which it was called as Systems Analysis and Program Development.
Its domination ofthe market occurred during the 1980s, expanding first throughout Europe (early
1980s) and then North America (1988). SAP R/3, an advanced, client-server based version of the
popular R/2 product, was released in 1992 and sparked a stunning takeover of America's largest
businesses.SAP is both the name ofthe company and their ERP product
SAP system comprises of a number of fully integrated modules, which virtually covers every aspect
ofthe business management
Using SAP's products, companies can now integrate their accounting, sales, distribution,
manufacturing, planning, purchasing, human resources, analysis and other transactions into one
application. SAP applications thus provide an environment where "transactions are synchronizedthroughout the entire systems."
With 90,000 installations serving 12 million users at 18,800 organizations in 120 countries across
the globe, SAP ranks as the world's largest independent software provider.
So far, there have been 3 systems developed by SAP. namely, R/1, R/2, R/3.
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SAPOverview
SAP is a table driven customization software. It allows businesses to
make rapid changes in their business requirements with a common set ofprograms. User-exits are provided for business to add in additionalsource code. Tools such as screen variants are provided to let you setfields attributes whether to hide, display and make them mandatoryfields.
This is what makes ERP system and SAP in particular so flexible. Thetable driven customization are driving the program functionality insteadof those old fashioned hard-coded programs. Therefore, new andchanged business requirements can be quickly implemented and testedin the system.
Many other business application software have seen this table drivencustomization advantage and are now changing their applicationsoftware based on this table customizingconcept.
In order to minimized your upgradingcosts, the standard programs andtables should not be changed as far as possible. The main purpose ofusing a standard business application software like SAP is to reducedthe amount of time and money spend on developing and testing all theprograms. Therefore, most companies will try to utilize the availabletools provided by SAP.
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Development ofSAP
ERP is not new to the marketplace. In fact, SAP created ERP over 30 years ago. 30years ago the private sector was looking to streamline the business process,
eliminate redundancy and frankly reduce the number of systems required to runthe business.
ERP was the answer. Many organizations we able to significantly reduce systems,cycle time, reconcilation processes etc.
With ERP, we were able to reduce cost, simplify the IT landscape, and mostimportantly impact the operation of the business. During those times, mostorganizations were able to achieve headcount reduction, inventory reduction,
reduction of close time etc.In the late 80s and into the 90s companies started to embrace decision support.Many companies embraced the data warehouse concept. It was primarily used forreporting. Sap initially embedded many reports into our solution set.
Today, not only is operational excellence and decision support necessary to survivebut we must do more. In fact, we must create value in order to survive andeffectively compete. Today, organizations are focused on business performance,
collaboration and innovation. Look at the President management agenda.Technology can not only reduce cost but it can definitely impact the operation. ERPis part ofthe solution
In fact, we have many choices for efficiency and control business processoutsourcing, hosting etc. Yet we know that the data captured in our transactionalsystems is the exact data that is needed to provide transparency across theenterprise. It is the analysis of this data that gives organizations the opportunity to
make much better decisions. Not only can we make those decisions but we can seethe impact on the business and the performance ofthe business.
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Development ofSAP
Enterprise Resource Planning
Total
Company
Value
Evolution of ERP
CreateCreate
StrategicStrategic
ValueValue
Efficiency andEfficiency and
ControlControl
AutomationAutomation
80s R/280s R/2 90s R/390s R/3 Today mySAP ERP
Inter-Enterprise
Co-operation
Inter-Enterprise
Co-operationEnterprise Resource
Planning
Enterprise Resource
Planning
Collaborative
Business
Collaborative
Business
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For Over 30 Years, SAP Has Been Driving ERP and They Continue
to Do So
SAP is the inventor of REAL TIME ERP
solutions. This is what originally made SAP
unique, and it is still a major strength.
SAP became the industry standard; we have
remained the yardstick ever since.
In the 90s, dot.com madness took over and the
spotlight fell on eBusiness for a while.
Now the spotlight is firmly on ERP. And SAP is
becoming the standard for collaborative
business applications.
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70s
For Over 30 Years, SAP Has Been Driving ERP and They Continue
to Do So
SAP Invents
Real-Time ERPSAP defines and
establishes a new
approach to
Integrated
Standard
Business
Software.
ERP = TheBusiness
Software
IndustryThe approach that
SAP established
becomes industry
standard. Newcompetitors enter
the market.
ERP Rapid
AdoptionCompanies start to
adopt ERP on a
massive scale
Dot.com Hype:
ERP = Old
E-Business = NewTrends seemed to
indicate that ERP
was an out-of-
fashion model
mySAP ERP
E-Business isnow seen as an
extension of
ERP, not a
replacement.
SAP is leading
the new industry
standard forcollaborative
business
applications.
80s 90s 00s
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Evolution ofSAP
SAP is the recognized leader in providing collaborative business solutions for
all types of industries and for every major market Over the course of three
decades, SAP has evolved from a small, regional enterprise into a world-class
international company. Today, SAP is the global market leader in
collaborative, inter-enterprise business solutions.
SAP Snapshot:
1.1 Leader in providing collaborative e-business solutions
1.2 Solutions for all types of industries and for every major market
1.3 Greater market-share than any other business software organization
1.4 Strong ecosystem allows for continued growth, thought leadership andability to meet all customer requirements
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Evolution ofSAP
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mySAP Business Suite
The slides in this section are meant to introduce the latest SA
P offerings.
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SAP Business Strategy:
New Maintenance Offerings
Architecture Planning
Custom Development
Consulting
System Integration
Operations Planning & Optimization
Hosting / Outsourcing
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SAP Product
Strategy
Expand
instead of
Replace
My SAP Business Suite: contains
MySAP Business Suite is an overall package of opencorporate solutions that link all participants,information, processes to increase the effectivenessof business relationships. My SAP Business Suitecomprises
Cross - Industry Solutions,
Industry Specific Solutions,
Technological Infrastructure and
Services
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Tailored industry solutions make use of the cross-industry
solutions, infrastructure, and services as well as custom-developedindustry expertise.
For example, all industry solutions can be linked to mySAPExchanges, accessed via a mySAP Enterprise Portals solution, beseamlessly connected to a mySAP CRM solution.
All industry solutions are packaged and configured with detailedfeatures based on industry best practices.
SAP AG 2002
Industry Solutions
SAP Industry and Cross Industry Expertise..
mySAPAerospace&Defense
mySAPAutomotive
mySAPE&C
mySAPHighTech
mySAPChemicals
mySAPMillProducts
mySAPPharmaceuticals
mySAPOil&Gas
mySAPMining
mySAPCP
mySAPRetail
mySAPMedia
mySAPServiceProviders
mySAPTelecommunications
mySAPUtilities
mySAPBanking
mySAPFinancialServiceProv.
mySAPInsurance
mySAPHealthcare
mySAPHigherEd.&Research
mySAPPublicSector
Cross-IndustrySolutions
N mySAP Enterprise Portals
N mySAP CRM
N mySAP SCM
N mySAP BIN mySAP Exchanges
N mySAP E-Procurement
N mySAP PLM
N mySAP HR
N mySAP Financials
N mySAP Mobile Business
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SAP Clients
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Highlights Multilingual:
You can log in various languages. (EN-English, ZH-Chinese, JA-Japan)
Can login twice in two languages- for technical support
For financial reporting in multiple languages
SAP terminology in English does not always correspond to standard accounting terminology in English.
Multicurrency (USD, EUR, INR, SGD, AUD, RMB etc.)
Group currency (for financial reporting of related company codes)
Company code (for financial reporting, by a legal entity)
General Ledger account (bank account or loan)
Transactions in Sales & Distribution (e.g.; invoice or a payment)FI includes programs to revaluate open items, such as bank balance, customer
and vendor balance, invoices posted in foreign currency.
Multi company
Accounts can be maintained for multiple companies on the same system
Helpful to consolidate the multiple companies data without sending tapes or files to load.
Consolidated financial statement eliminates inter company receivables, payables, investments, revenuesetc. SAP supports this thru SAP-ECS.
Data/Reports can be downloaded to Excel, Word, Text file etc
Printing to Printer possible, local and remote printer
Data can be forwarded as email attachment to personal email id from
SAP
Logon info, system status, program details, SAP help can be viewed
Maximum 6 different sessions can be opened at a time
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Benefits of mySAP ERP
SAP ERP delivers a comprehensive set of integrated, cross-functional
business processes. With SAP ERP, we can gain the benefits:
Improve alignment of strategies and operations
Improve productivity and insight
Reduce costs through increased flexibility
Support changing industry requirements
Reduce risk
Improve financial management and corporate governance
Optimize IT spending
Gain higher ROI faster
Retain top performers Provide immediate access to enterprise information
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SAP R/3 Architecture
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R/3 Architecture
Basic View
Presentation
Layer
Application
Layer
Database Layer
SAP GUI Client S/W
R/3 Server Component
No DATA is stored
Actual Database
SAP server executions
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3 Tier Client / ServerArchitecture
The SAP R/3 architecture is based on a 3-tier client/server
principle
Presentation Server
Application Server
Database Server
Dedicated Servers are linked by Communication Networks
Perform tasks without sacrificing data integration and processes
within the system, as a whole
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SAP R/3 System Architecture
The picture here illustrates a typical R/3 system.
Multiple presentation layers from multiple computers communicate
with the application servers over the local or wide area network.
For a single R/3 system, there may be multiple application servers in
order to balance the operational load.
All these application servers interact with a single database server.
And as the picture illustrates, the database server acts as the interface
between the external RDBMS and the application servers.
A single database, the R/3 database server that accesses it and the set
of one or more application servers and their processes, that govern
the business administration and the data sent and received from the
database server all these components that constitute a logically
single R/3 system, is called as an R/3 instance.
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SAP R/3 System Architecture
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Overview of Presentation & Database Servers
Let us now have a very brief overview ofthe presentation layer and the database server.
The presentation server is simply a GUI that is running at the users workstation. It is avery light component, called as a thin client in common terminology. It is capable of
sending requests to the application server, receiving the requests back and displaying
the screen backto the user.
Multiple instances of presentation servers can execute in the same workstation.
And generally the presentation layers are, to a good extent, downward compatible with
the application servers, in terms of the version. For e.g., A 4.6 C version GUI wouldbe able to communicate with a 4.5 B version application server.
The messages exchanged between the presentation layer and the application server are
in a SAP proprietary format. The presentation layer is capable of accepting the screen
information sent from the application server, format and generate the screens
appropriately for the platform it is running on.
The database server, as we saw earlier, acts as an interface between the application
server and the RDBMS.
As we know already, the R/3 system does not include the RDBMS. In other words, R/3
is independent ofthe RDBMS. R/3 is operational on a number of commercial RDBMSs.
The vendor specific DB driver resides in the database server.
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Overview of Presentation & Database Servers
The Presentation Server GUI only
At workstation
Very light
Sends requests to application server Obtains screens from application server and displays
The Database Server
Interface between application server and RDBMS
Also holds the vendor specific DB driver
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SAP R/3 Conceptual Areas
The R/3 system, as an application, is conceptually divided into 3 areas.
Namely the application area, the basis area and the development area.This is in being synonymous to the 3 main type of users. Viz., the application
users or the end users, the admin users, popularly called as the basis people
and the developers.
The application area is where users initiate and execute transactions of the
various functional areas of R/3 like Accounting, Human Resources, Logisticsetc.
The basis area is where the basis people or the admin users execute
transactions that are used for monitoring the R/3 system like performance,
database administration, scheduling etc.
The development area is where tools and transactions are available fordevelopers and programmers to create and test ABAP/4 programs. This is
referred to as a developers workbench.
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SAP R/3 Conceptual Areas
SAP ConceptualAreas
ApplicationArea(Initiate and execute
SAP transactions)
(Functional)
BasisArea(The technical
administration of
the system)
(Authorizations/Ids/etc)
DevelopmentArea(1.A developers
workbench
2. Create & TestABAP/4 programs)
(Technical)
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Systems in R3
Development
System
(DC)
Quality
System
(QC)
Production
System
(IC)
Client
110
100 etc..
Transport Request
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Clients in R/3
The SAP client concept allows you to map each customer to one client, without having to install and
administer a separate systems for each customer. This makes it possible for the provider to install a
small nu
mber of SAP Systems, bu
t still cater to a large nu
mber of cu
stomers.C
osts are not only savedby sharing hardware and software, multiple customers also use the same application solution,
including administration and support. But however, to guarantee the secure and reliable co-existence
of customers under a common system umbrella, certain rules and guidelines must be followed.
Basic SAP R/3 and ABAP/4 concepts
We will now brush through a few basic concepts ofthe R/3 System
The Logon Client
The term logon client has nothing to with the Client/Server terminologies. A client in R/3, is a 3 digit numberwhich enables one to maintain multiple independent sets of data within the same R/3 system.
Within the same R/3 system we can have client with range 000 to 999.
The client id is also supplied along with user id and password at the time oflogin.
This means that each client will have an independent set of data. For e.g., when a person logs into client 800, the
data he sees, for e.g., purchase orders or vendor details etc., will not be available when he logs into client 700.
Client mechanism and handling
The client concept is implicitly handled within the same R/3 system.
In the figure illustrated, when a user logs on to client 800 and runs a program that selects the field LIFNRfrom
the table LFA1, the result of that selection would only be two rows though there are 6 rows available in the table.
Similarly, had the user logged on to client 700, the selection would have yielded only 4 rows.
As we see, the client concept is handled using an extra field MANDT in the table to store the client. We need to
note here that the table illustrated here is client-dependent. Which means that the data stored within the table is
dependent on the logon client. But however, an R/3 table can also be client independent i.e., the MANDT field
would not be present in the table and the data contained in the table is same across all clients.
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Clients in R/3
The LogonClient
3 digit number ( 000 to 999)
Helps maintain independent sets of data within the
same R/3 system
Client mechanism and handling
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Clients in R/3
Clients are used to divide data in a SAP System into
various data areas for various purposes. If a company, for
example, wants to use its SAP System for both test and
training purposes, a client is created for each purpose.
A client is identified via a three character code. Data canbe moved via transports and corrections from one client to
another.
When logging on to the system, the user has to select a
client in which he/she wants to work. The user can thenonly access data in this client.
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Clients in R/3
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R/3 Technology Environment
When you use R/3, you are free to choose your technical infrastructure. You determine which
hardware, operating systems, or databases you want to use. The entire gamut of offerings from
the leading international vendors is open to you; you can even plan your IT strategy with various
systems from different manufacturers. Most importantly, the openness of R/3 protects your
investment for the long term. As your company grows, R/3 grows with you. And if you change
your hardware environment, R/3 stays with you on your path of change without jeopardizing
your software investment.
Infinitely expandable:The number of workstations you include with the R/3 in your client/server
solution is determined solely by your individual need. R/3
is infinitely expandable, and can beused just as well in client/server architectures with 30 seats as in installations with 3,000 end-
users. This scalability ensures that R/3 can always grow with your requirements. We offer total
solutions for qualified client/server information processing that combines a variety of products
and services in a smoothly functioning communication network. R/3 incorporates not only system
management, database recovery, and print management, but also network administration and
backup solutions. Our partnerships with hardware manufacturers, database providers, and
technology and service companies play a significant role here.Everything is possible... The benefit: Cooperative client/server processing distributes applications
and computing capabilities almost at will across a number of levels, and systematically takes
advantage of the strengths of different hardware and software components. Whether you use R/3
in two- or three-tier client/server architectures, locally or worldwide,
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R/3 Technology Environment
DB2 forDB2 forOS/390OS/390
ADABAS DADABAS D
DB2 for AIXDB2 for AIXINFORMIXINFORMIX--OnLineOnLine
ORACLEORACLE
Windows 3.1, Windows 95, Windows NT,Windows 3.1, Windows 95, Windows NT,
OSF/Motif *, OS/2 Presentation Manager (PM),OSF/Motif *, OS/2 Presentation Manager (PM),
Macintosh *, JavaMacintosh *, Java
ADABAS DADABAS D
MS SQL ServerMS SQL ServerINFORMIXINFORMIX--OnLineOnLine
ORACLEORACLE
ABAP/4, C, C++, HTML, JavaABAP/4, C, C++, HTML, Java
DB2 forDB2 forOS/400OS/400
OS/39OS/3900
AIXAIX
Digital UNIXDigital UNIX
HPHP--UXUX
ReliantReliant
UNIX (SINIX)UNIX (SINIX)
SOLARISSOLARIS
Windows NTWindows NT OS/40OS/4000
HardwareHardware Bull/ZenithBull/Zenith
CompaqCompaqData GeneralData General
......
NCRNCR
SequentSequentSNISNI
DigitalDigital
HP (Intel)HP (Intel)IBM (Intel)IBM (Intel)
BullBullDigitalDigital
HPHP
IBMIBMSNISNI
SUNSUN
UNIX SystemsUNIX Systems
IBMIBMAS/400AS/400
OperatingOperatingsystemssystems
DialogDialogSAPGUISAPGUI
LanguagesLanguages
DatabasesDatabases
IBMIBMS/390S/390
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Platforms andDatabases supported by R/3
The R/3 Application server can be installed on multiple operating systems
including Solaris HP Unix, Windows NT and OS/400. And for each ofthese operating systems, multiple hardware platforms are also supported.
The presentation layer GUI is also supported in many operating system
which includesWin 95, Win NT, OS/2 and Macintosh.
The R/3 database server can also be implemented of various RDBMS
includingDB/2, Informix, Oracle and SQL Server.
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Platforms andDatabases supported by R/3
Operating
Systems
Supported
Hardware
Supported Front
ends
Supported
Databases
AIX SINIX IB M SNI SUN Win 3.1/ 95/ NT DB2forAIX
SOLARIS HP-UX DigitalHP OSF/Motif Informix Online
Digital Unix Bull OS/2
Macintosh
Oracle 7.1
ADABAS D
Windows NT AT&T Compaq
Bull/ Zenith
HP(Intel) SNI
IBM(Intel)
Digital(Intel)
Data-General
Win 3.1/ 95/ NT
OSF/Motif
OS/2
Macintosh
Oracle 7.1
SQL Server6.0
ADABAS D
OS/400 AS/400 Win 95OS/2 DB2/400
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Client - Server Technology
Central Database Server
Application Servers
Front-end clientWorkstations.User Interaction
Input DataFrom User
Reading Data Base andUpdating the Buffer Application Logic
Output Datato User
Stores all Data andApplication Program
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Benefits ofSAP R/3
Incorporates 25 years of experience Rich in functionality
International orientation
Tight integration across functions
Highly configurable Highly secure data handling
Seamless handling of database
Minimum data redundancy, maximum datacosistency
Capitalize an economies of scale, e.g. Purchasing
Business practices world wide are incorporated
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SAP R/3 Modules
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SAP Modules & SAP Product
Portfolio
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SAP Modules
Let us see a few ofthe R/3 Modules in brief
Financial Accounting
Financial Accounting is designed for automated management and external reporting of general
ledger, accounts receivable, accounts payable and other sub-ledger accounts with a user defined
chart of accounts. As entries are made relating to sales production and payments journal entries are
automatically posted. This connection means that the "books" are designed to reflect the real
situation.
Controlling
Controlling represents the company's flow of cost and revenue. It is a management instrument fororganizational decisions. It is also automatically updated as events occur.
Assets Management
Asset Management is designed to manage and supervise individual aspects of fixed assets including
purchase and sale of assets, depreciation and investment management.
Sales and Distribution
Sales and Distribution helps to optimize all the tasks and activities carried out in sales, delivery and
billing. The key elements are; pre-sales support, inquiry processing, quotation processing, sales
order processing, delivery processing, billing and sales information system.
Materials Management
Materials Management supports the procurement and inventory functions occurring in day-to-day
business operations such as purchasing, inventory management, reorder point processing, etc.
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SAP Modules
Production Planning
Production Planning is used to plan and control the manufacturing activities of a company. This module
includes; bills of material, routings, work centers, sales and operations planning, master productionscheduling, material requirements planning, shop floor control, production orders, product costing, etc
Quality Management
Quality Management is a quality control and information system supporting quality planning, inspection, and
control for manufacturing and procurement.
Plant Maintenance
In a complex manufacturing process, maintenance means more than sweeping the floors. Equipment must be
services and rebuilt. These tasks affect the production plans. Plant Maintenance module supports and
supervises these maintenance.
Warehouse Management
Warehouse Management provides flexible, automated support to assist in processing all goods movements and
in maintaining current stockinventories in the warehousing complex.
Human Resources
Human Resources is a complete integrated system for supporting the planning and control of personnelactivities.
Workflow
Workflow is a solution which has been integrated fully in the R/3 System and which enables customer-specific
business process flows to be coordinated and controlled on a cross-application and cross-workplace basis.
Project System
Project System is designed to support the planning, control and monitoring of long-term, highly complex
projects with defined goals.
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R/3R/3Central RepositoryCentral Repository
of Informationof Information
FIFIFinancialFinancial
AccountingAccounting
COCOControllingControlling
AMAMFixed AssetsFixed Assets
Mgmt..Mgmt..
PSPSProjectProjectSystemSystem
WFWFWorkflowWorkflow
ISISIndustryIndustry
SolutionsSolutions
MMMMMaterialsMaterials
Mgmt..Mgmt..
HRHRHumanHuman
ResourcesResources
SDSDSales &Sales &DistributionDistribution
PPPPProductionProductionPlanningPlanning
QMQMQualityQuality
ManageManage--mentment PMPM
Plant MainPlant Main--tenancetenance
OrderMgmt.
Shipping/ Transportation
Billing/ Invoicing
Sales Support
Sales Information
MRPPurchasing
GoodsMovementsInvoice Verification
InventoryMgmtWarehouseMgmt.
VendorEvaluationPurchasing Information
SalesPlanning(SOP)
ProductionPlanning
MRP/MRP2
Forecasting
CapacityPlanningProduction Activity
Costing
ProjectManagement
QualityPlanning
Quality Inspection
Quality Control
QualityDocumentation
Quality Information
Maintenance &InspectionPlanning
ProcessingofplantMaint.orders
Mgmt.ofcompletionconfirmations
HistoryMgmt.
PlantMaintenance Info.
Payroll WorkforcePlanning
TimeMgmt. Training Admin.
TravelExpense Actg. OrganizationMgmt.
Benefits PersonnelPlanning
Recruitment Personnel Admin.
Resultofthe ICOEs
Industryspecificfunctionality
Automate BusinessProcesses
SupportsallModules
FundsMgmt.
ResourceMgmt.
Quality Control
TimeMgmt.
Technical Asset.Mgmt.Investment Control
Traditional Asset Actg.InvestmentMgmt.
CostElement Actg..Cost CenterActg.Activity Based CostingActivities & Services
CostingOrderandProject Actg.
GeneralLedger
AccountsReceivable
AccountsPayable
CashManagement
Financial Controlling
Consolidation
Financial AssetsMgmt.
Inter-company Accounting
Foreign Currencies & Taxation
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SOP
Demand mgmt/MPS
MRP
Capacity planning/planning table
Production controlCosting
Information system
Process control/control system
SAP R/3 Functions
Customer
Supplier
Sales
Shipping
Billing
Purchasing
Warehouse
Invoiceverification
Projects
Networks
Prev. maint.
Repairs
Plant maint.Service mgmt
Inspection plg
Inspection
process
PPPP
SDSD
MMMM
PSPS
PMPM
QMQM
FIFI COCO HRFinancialaccounting
Costaccounting
Labor
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SAP
Systems Applications products
Network AdministrationTrouble Shooting etc.,
ABAP, CABI etc.,
SDFI/COMM
PPHREtc.,
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New Dimensional
Products CRM - Customer Relationship Mgmt SCM Supply Chain Mgmt
SEM Strategic Enterprise Mgmt
APO Advanced Planning Optimizer
SRM Supplier Relationship Mgmt BI (Business Intelligence) earlier BIW
e-SCM (Electronic Supply Chain Management )
XI (Exchange Interface)
EP (Enterprise Portal)
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mySAP Industry Solutions (Some Examples)
Industry solution is the latest value proposition of SAP to
customer. Industry solutions are aimed at addressing thespecific business process areas of different industriesdifferently, hence pre-customizing the package for genericindustry purpose. Through its industry solutions, SAP
addresses the unique core processes of more than 25distinct industries. Combined with industry-specificapplications and best business practices, all industrysolution sets use and build upon mySAP Business Suitesolutions, powered by the SAP NetWeaver platform.
SAP currently around 27 Industry solutions. Some of thekey verticals are listed below:
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mySAP Industry Solutions (Some Examples)
SAP for Aerospace & Defense
SAP for Media
SAP for Automotive
SAP for Mill Products
SAP for Banking
SAP for Mining
SAP forChemicals
SAP for Oil & Gas
SAP forConsumer Products
SAP for Pharmaceuticals
SAP for Engineering,Construction & Operations
SAP for Professional Services
SAP for Healthcare
SAP for Public Sector
SAP for High Tech
SAP for Retail
SAP for Higher Education & Research
SAP for Service Providers
SAP for Industrial Machinery &Components
SAP for Telecommunications
SAP for Insurance
SAP for Utilities
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Integration
R/3 modules are well integrated frombusiness perspective compared to thetraditional system of business where
bu
sinessu
nits doesnt talk to each other.
Shared Master data Modules
G/L accounts
FI/SD/MM/PP/CO/AM/HR Customer Master Records FI/SD
Vendor Master Records FI/MM/PP
Material Master Records SD/MM/PP/WM
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Sap R/3 Benefits of
Integration Integrated processes, data and organizational
elements
Operational, financial and managerial principalsare satisfied simultaneously
Common database
Application integration
One point of data entry Consistency for the user across applications
Technical integration On-line interactive edit and update Elimination of redundant data
Data integrity
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ASAP Methodology
(Accelerated SAP)
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Accelerated SAP: The 5-phase Roadmap
Accelerated SAP is a comprehensive solution for the
implementation of the R/3 System, comprising a proven
methodology, tools and a range of services for the rapid
implementation and ongoing optimization of R/3 installations
It provides a standard implementation "how-to guide" that fills in
the gaps of diverse methodologies and varying individual
implementation skills and experiences.
It is essential that you create a project plan when starting your
ASAP implementation project.
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Accelerated SAP: The 5-phase Roadmap
ASAP is proven, repeatable and successful approach to implement SAPsolutions across industries and customer environments.
ASAP provides content, tools and expertise from thousands of successfulimplementations.
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Training, Licensing training material,
Support, Project reviews
Methodology
Services
Project
Management
Change
Management
Risk analysis
Review
Project-related
knowledgeTools
ProjectPreparati
on BusinessBlueprint
Realization
FinalPreparation Go Live &
Support
Continuous
Improvement
ASAP Roadmap
Implementation
Assistant
Q&A db
Implementation
Guide
Transport
System
SAP Project Implementation Methodology
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Phase 1: Project Preparation - Provides initial planning and preparation for your R/3 project.
Phase 2: Business Blueprint - In this phase, you create the Business Blueprint, which is detailed
documentation of the results gathered during requirements workshops. Furthermore, the Business
Blueprint serves to document the business process requirements of the company. On this basis, you
will achieve a common understanding of how the company intends to run their business within the
R/3 System.
Phase 3: Realization - In this phase, you implement all the business and process requirements based
on the Business Blueprint. You configure the system step by step in two work packages, Baselineand Final configuration.
Phase 4: Final Preparation - In this phase, you complete testing, end user training, system
management and cutover activities to finalize your readiness to go live. Furthermore, the Final
Preparation phase serves to resolve all critical open issues. Upon successful completion of this phase,
you will be ready to run your business in your live R/3 System.Phase 5: Go Live and Support - Transition from a project-oriented, pre-production environment to
successful and live production operation.
Continuous Improvement - Provide on-going support and assistance for post go-live. It covers
solutions for those activities which are standard in a productive environment: Business changes;
technology changes; or changes in the user community.
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The steering committee consists of those people from the board of directors
initiating and sponsoring the project and the committee has ultimate authority
over which direction the project takes.
Project management is responsible for the R/3 implementation project as a
whole. Project management plans the project (budgets, deadlines, personnel,
functions), resolves conflicts and delivers status reports to the steering
committee.
Project coordination is responsible for standardization and marketing the projectwithin the company. In addition, the responsibility for project logistics belongs to
the project coordinators.
Development creates process and technical designs for the project in
cooperation with the other areas and is responsible for actual implementation.
Planning, carrying out and reviewing testing all falls into the area of qualityassurance.
Technical support is responsible for clearing away all technical obstacles to
implementation (server downtime, transport problems, database problems, etc.).
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SAP Consultant Roles
Technical Consultants: ABAPers:Upload the data from legacy to R/3
system by using BDC, LSMW.Managements User-exits, Screen, Menu
and field-exits. Reports.
Functional Consultants: SD, MM, PP, FI/CO. IMG tool used by
Functional Consultant
Techno Funct. Consultants: Those who are having both Technical
and Functional Knowledge.
Multi-Functional Consultants: Those who are having knowledge in
different Modules.
Basis Consultant: Administration and Security
consultants of Systems and Network
Core Team Members: Those who involve with SAP ConsultantPower User (Top User): Those will be extra authorizations like
DM, CEO, NSM and Managers.
End users: who operate real time transactions.
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Role of a SAP Functional Consultant
A f
unctional cons
ultant eval
uates the demands in talking with the c
ustomer'srepresentatives, transforms the essence into an abstract and algorithmic
business model. Hence, he identifies the use cases and transforms them intological and technical views.
Then the main task starts: customizing the respective business area andmaking sure the system reacts in the manner according to the constraints ofthe requested use case.
The consultant documents the settings and prepares proper guidelines that
allow other consultants to do further changes or repairs with due efforts. The consultant takes care that proper training is given to the users and that
the system is usable, performing appropriately and the business flow iscomplete and correct.
During go live he assists the technical staff by testing the behavior of thesystem.
After go live he guarantees that the procedures remain usable and consistentin real live situation and proposes enhancements.
The main duty of a consultant is to transfer external know-how to the client. Itis not manpower that counts but intelligence, understanding of processes, afeeling for defects and general a common sense.
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Implementations
Types of Projects going on:
Implementation (Bing Bang)
Roll outs (Phase Wise)
Production support and
MaintenanceWays to Implement:
There are two main implementation approaches:
Roll Out: inclusion of subsequent releases and/or locations in separate systems.
Roll In: inclusion of subsequent releases and/or locations in same systems.
Both focus on implementation at one location or one area
of functionality, followed by subsequent implementation of other sites and/or functional
areas
The alternative to Roll Out and Roll In is Big Bang
Generally only considered for small (
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Navigation in SAP
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Logging into SAP R/3
LOGON ICON
LOGON PAD
Double
Click
Select Server[Click]
Click onLog On Button
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Logging into SAP R/3
EnterClient,User andPassword
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Logging into SAP R/3
Press Enter
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Logging into SAP R/3
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SAP Easy Accessand
Screen Components
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SAP Easy Access andScreen
Components
DefinitionEasy Access is a Standard Entry Screenwhich is displayed after Logon
Usage
Easy Access will have SAP Menuwhich has a
Tree Structure to reach a TransactionSAP Menu
Easy Access is used by all the Users likeConsultants, end Users for reaching aTransaction and carrying out activities
StandardScreen
Structure
All the Screens in SAP R/3 have SAP Menu,Stnd. Tool Bar, Title Bar, Application Tool Bar,and Status Bar
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y p
StatusStatusBarBar
ApplicatioApplicatio
n Tool Barn Tool Bar
TitlTitlee
BarBar
MenMenuu
BarBar
StandardStandardTool BarTool Bar
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Sap Menu withTree Structure
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Menu Tree expanded to navigateand reach a Transaction
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Transaction Code
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Transaction Code
Definition T-Code is a short path to reach a Transaction
CommandField
T-Code for creating a Quotation is VA21Example
for T-Code
Command Field, located on Standard ToolBar is used for entering T-Code
Examplefor Path
Logisticsp SDp Salesp QuotationpCreate
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Comman
CommanddFieldField
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Transaction Code
TransactioTransaction Coden Code
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IMG - Implementation Guide
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IMG Implementation Guide
Definition
IMG is the Customizing Screen used by all theConsultants forConfiguring BusinessProcesses
Effects
Easy Accessp Toolsp Customizingp IMGp Edit ProjectPath
Configurations are reflected in Easy Access
T-Code T-Code used for reaching IMG is SPRO
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Enter T-CodeAnd
press enter
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Click
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p
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Overview
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SDWhat for ?
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Not unlike the procure to pay process, this is completely
configurable. You decide how you want the order to cash process towork and configure the system appropriately
May start with Sales Order
Check inventory If you do not have inventory procurement process
or production processPick materials: from inventory
Pack material: (optional) pack in box appropriate box or other Post
Goods Issue (Title transfer)
Invoice Customer CreateAccounts Receivable
Collect Money
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Sales Order
Entry
Post Goods
Issue
Invoice
Customer
Pick
Materials
Receipt of
Customer Payment
Pack
Materials
Check
Availability
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SD - Features Real-time Available To Promise (ATP) & scheduling
Comprehensive, flexible pricing architecture
Highly customizable order processing Support for multi-national and multi-site distribution
Integration with financials and materials management
Routing/shipping/Transportation
Foreign exchange
Sales document type and status are client defined Sales document templates
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Sales
Shipping
Billing
TransportDelivery
Debit
Memo
Credit
MemoInvoice
Sales
OrderReturns
Scheduling
Agreement
Subsequent
Delv.FreeofCharge
Rush
Order
Contract
Inquiry
Quotation
Sales
Activities
SIS
CAS
M
M
FI
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Referen
ce: Websites for reference:
www.sap.com -> Official site of SAP
http://help.sap.com -> for complete documentationon SAP
http://www.erpgenie.com -> Help sites
Forums for discussions:
http:// www.financialsforum.com
www.sapfans.com
https: // for ums.sdn.sap.com
https: // www.sdn.sap.com
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Need to attend all the classes regularly Practice the topics covered in the class daily
Realize the assignments given in the class
Read the information given in the class on the same
day Read SAP SD by Glenn Williams, SAP
Documentation etc.
Interact with others
Take the tests and evaluate yourself forimprovements etc.
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Remember Mastering SAP-SD
Module is2% inspiration
and
98% perspiration
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SAPAlso means
Sit And Practice
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Queries Please Queries Please
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