Scott Nature ReservePlan of Management

SCOTT NATURE RESERVE

PLAN OF MANAGEMENT

NSW National Parks and Wildlife Service Part of the Department of Environment, Climate Change and Water

May 2010

This plan of management was adopted by the Minister for Climate Change and the Environment on 18

th May 2010.

Acknowledgments The NPWS acknowledges that this nature reserve is in the traditional country of the Walbanga people. This plan of management is based on a draft plan prepared by staff of the South West Slopes Region of the NSW National Parks and Wildlife Service (NPWS), now part of the Department of Environment, Climate Change and Water. Cover photograph by David Baxter, NPWS. For additional information or any inquiries about this reserve or this plan of management, contact the NPWS Queanbeyan Area Office at 6 Rutledge St, Queanbeyan NSW 2620, or by telephone on 62992929. © Department of Environment, Climate Change and Water (NSW) 2010: Use permitted with appropriate acknowledgment. ISBN 978 1 74232 806 5

DECCW 2010/499

FOREWORD

Scott Nature Reserve is located in the southern tablelands of NSW, approximately halfway between Bungendore and Braidwood, and covers an area of 151 hectares. Scott Nature Reserve was gazetted as a result of the Southern Regional Forest Agreement, to contribute to the protection of vegetation and habitat in the region. It contains a medium height forest of brittle gum, broad-leaved peppermint and black she-oak. Native animals recorded in the reserve include the eastern grey kangaroo, swamp wallaby, ring-tailed possum, eight species of bats, and abundant bird life. Threatened species recorded in the broader area that are likely to use the reserve include the koala, barking owl and powerful owl. Four trees carrying scarring attributed to Aboriginal activity have been recorded within the reserve as well as remains from early gold mining activities. The New South Wales National Parks and Wildlife Act 1974 requires that a plan of management be prepared for each nature reserve. A plan of management is a legal document that outlines how an area will be managed in the years ahead. A draft plan of management for Scott Nature Reserve was placed on public exhibition from 28

th March until 30

th June 2008. The submissions received were carefully

considered before adopting this plan. This plan contains a number of actions to achieve the State Plan priority to “Protect our native vegetation, biodiversity, land, rivers, and coastal waterways”, including the maintenance of appropriate fire regimes to retain food and nesting resources for threatened fauna, and the control of introduced plants and animals. This plan of management establishes the scheme of operations for Scott Nature Reserve. In accordance with Section 73B of the National Parks and Wildlife Act 1974, this plan of management is hereby adopted.

Frank Sartor MP Minister for Climate Change and the Environment

1. SCOTT NATURE RESERVE

Scott Nature Reserve is located on the eastern fall of the Great Dividing Range in the southern tablelands of NSW. It is situated south of the Kings Highway, approximately halfway between Bungendore and Braidwood. The nature reserve was gazetted from previous vacant crown land as part of the Southern Regional Forest Agreement in 2001, and comprises 151 hectares. The RFA provided for major additions to the reserve system, including the establishment of Scott Nature Reserve, following assessment of the natural, cultural, economic and social values of forests. The reserve was gazetted as part of this process to contribute to the protection of vegetation and habitat in the region. The reserve was named in recognition of its highest point, Scott Trig, itself named after the family of William Scott who settled the adjoining land along Mulloon Creek in the 1830s. The reserve lies on a spur of timbered land, loosely connected to Tallaganda National Park, 8.5 kilometres to the south. The reserve lies within the Palerang Council, Batemans Bay Local Aboriginal Land Council and Southern Rivers Catchment Management Authority areas and adjoins pastoral and rural residential properties.

2. MANAGEMENT CONTEXT

2.1 LEGISLATIVE AND POLICY FRAMEWORK The management of nature reserves in NSW is in the context of a legislative and policy framework, primarily the National Parks and Wildlife Act 1974 (NPW Act) and Regulation, the Threatened Species Conservation Act 1995 (TSC Act) and the policies of the National Parks and Wildlife Service (NPWS). Section 72AA of the NPW Act lists the matters to be considered in the preparation of a plan of management. The policies arise from the legislative background and internationally accepted principles of park management. They relate to nature conservation, Aboriginal and historic heritage conservation, recreation, commercial use, research and communication. Other legislation, international agreements and charters may also apply to management of the area. In particular, the Environmental Planning and Assessment Act 1979 may require the assessment and mitigation of the environmental impacts of works proposed in this plan. A plan of management is a statutory document under the NPW Act. Once the Minister has adopted the plan, no operations may be undertaken within Scott Nature Reserve except in accordance with the plan. This plan will also apply to any future additions to Scott Nature Reserve. Should management strategies or works be proposed for the nature reserve or any additions that are not consistent with the plan, an amendment to the plan will be required.

2

2.2 MANAGEMENT PURPOSES AND PRINCIPLES Nature reserves are reserved under the NPW Act to protect and conserve areas containing outstanding, unique or representative ecosystems, species, communities or natural phenomena. Under the Act, nature reserves are managed to:

• conserve biodiversity, maintain ecosystem functions, and protect geological and geomorphological features and natural phenomena;

• conserve places, objects, features and landscapes of cultural value;

• promote public appreciation, enjoyment and understanding of the reserve’s natural and cultural values; and

• provide for appropriate research and monitoring. Nature reserves differ from national parks in that they do not have as a management principle to provide for visitor use.

3

Reserve Map

4

3. VALUES OF THE RESERVE

The location, landforms and plant and animal communities of an area have determined how it has been used and valued. Both Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal people place values on natural areas, including aesthetic, social, spiritual and recreational values. These values may be attached to the landscape as a whole or to individual components, for example to plant and animal species used by Aboriginal people. This plan of management aims to conserve both natural and cultural values. For reasons of clarity and document usefulness, natural heritage, cultural heritage, threats and on-going use are dealt with individually, but their inter-relationships are recognised. 3.1 Landform and Geology The highest point in the reserve is Scott Trig at 811 metres above sea level, from which the land falls gently to about 750 metres above sea level on the boundaries. The reserve lies on Silurian and Devonian granitic deposits known as Boro Granite. The western edge of the reserve is underlain by Quaternary soils and clays associated with the Mulloon Creek drainage line. 3.2 Native Plants and animals The reserve is vegetated with a medium height forest of brittle gum E. mannifera, broad-leaved peppermint E. dives and black she-oak Allocasuarina littoralis. Other trees recorded in the reserve include silvertop ash E. sieberi, candlebark E. rubida, scribbly gum E. rossii, narrow-leaved peppermint E. radiata and ribbon gum E. viminalis. The shrub layer is an open cover of a geebung Persoonia mollis subsp. livens, Hakea dactyloides and Lomatia ilicifolia, with a range of other shrubs. The ground layer consists of a sparse cover of tussock grasses including snow grass Poa sieberiana, with blue flax lily Dianella revoluta subsp. revoluta, Patersonia sericea and scattered herbs including Goodenia hederacea var hederacea and native St. John’s wort Hypericum gramineum. Native mammals recorded in the reserve include eastern grey kangaroo Macropus giganteus, swamp wallaby Wallabia bicolor, and ring-tailed possum Pseudocheirus peregrinus, as well as eight species of bat. A koala, Phascolarctos cinereus, listed as vulnerable under the Threatened Species Conservation Act, has been recorded within two kilometres of the reserve. The locality has abundant birdlife, with twelve species being recorded in a preliminary survey of the reserve. Birds recorded included white-throated treecreeper Cormobates leucophaea, rufous whistler Anthochaera carunculata, spotted pardalote Pardalotus punctatus and striated pardalote Pardalotus striatus. The threatened glossy black cockatoo Calyptorhynchus lathami has also been recorded in the reserve. A number of other woodland birds are expected to utilise the reserve. Species recorded in the broader area that are likely to utilise the reserve include the barking owl Ninox connivens and powerful owl Ninox strenua, both listed as vulnerable under the TSC Act.

5

3.3 Aboriginal Heritage Aboriginal communities have an association and connection to the land. The land and water within a landscape are central to Aboriginal spirituality and contribute to Aboriginal identity. Aboriginal communities associate natural resources with the use and enjoyment of foods and medicines, caring for the land, passing on cultural knowledge, kinship systems and strengthening social bonds. Aboriginal heritage and connection to nature are inseparable from each other and need to be managed in an integrated manner across the landscape. Scott Nature Reserve is located in an area that was occupied by the Walbanga people. Neighbouring people included the Ngarigo, Ngunawal, Wandandian and Djiringanj (Tindale, 1974). Traditional use, such as hunting, gathering and ceremony, would have taken place over the entire landscape, of which the reserve is only a small part. The reserve is now within the area of the Batemans Bay Local Aboriginal Land Council. Four trees carrying scarring attributed to Aboriginal activity have been located and recorded within the reserve. 3.4 Historic Heritage The nature reserve was gazetted in 1899 as a reserve for mining, with a small trig reserve in the north-west of the reserve notified in 1893 (Dearling, 2003). Four gold mining leases were issued for the south-west corner of the reserve. Of these leases, three were granted in 1898, of which one was terminated in 1901 and two ran intermittently until 1918 and 1919. The fourth lease, generally encompassing the lands held under the previous three leases, ran intermittently between 1920 and 1938. An inspection report of the mines in 1935 recorded a shaft 80 feet (24.4 metres) deep, with 21 feet (6.4 metres) of tunnels and an older shaft on the site. According to the report, high assays had been obtained from the mine in the past. The only remains from this activity are two shallow slumped holes and the remnants of tin sheds in the vicinity of the shafts. In the early 1930s an annual lease for grazing was granted to an adjoining landholder. This lease was granted intermittently and was replaced by a permissive occupancy granting annual grazing rights in 1966. 3.5 Education, Recreation and Research Values Due to its small size and location amongst rural holdings, the reserve is not generally used by members of the public. However, some use by bushwalkers and by bird watching groups occurs. The reserve contains floristic survey plots and monitoring transects.

6

4. THREATS TO RESERVE VALUES

4.1 Fire Management Fire is a natural feature of many environments and is essential for the survival of some plant communities. However, inappropriate fire regimes can lead to loss of particular plant and animal species and communities, and high frequency fires have been listed as a key threatening process under the TSC Act. In regard to Scott Nature Reserve, fire management strategies are included in this plan of management. The reserve forms part of a continuous band of timber along a low range. No wildfires have been recorded in the reserve in recent times; however, some old fire scarring on mature trees is visible. There are no assets vulnerable to fire within the reserve, but one house is located within approximately 100m of the southern boundary of the reserve. A number of vehicle routes occur in the reserve, but these have not been constructed as formed trails. The primary fire management objectives of the NPWS are to protect life and property and community assets from the adverse impacts of fire, whilst managing fire regimes to maintain and protect biodiversity and cultural heritage (NPWS, 2005). The NPWS uses a zoning system for bushfire management that is compatible with the zoning used by the Lake George Bush Fire Management Committee (BFMC) in its bushfire risk management plan. The reserve is zoned as a Land Management Zone (LMZ). Apart from the over-riding legislative objective of protecting life and property, the primary fire management objectives for a LMZ are to conserve biodiversity and protect cultural heritage. This zone has been applied because the reserve does not have a recent history of bushfire ignitions and, with the small size of the reserve, a precautionary approach to burning is proposed. The adaptability of plant species to fire can be grouped on the basis of vegetation communities, and thresholds for fire frequency established as a guide to maintaining species diversity. It has been estimated that the brittle gum – broad-leaved peppermint community represented in the reserve should not generally be burnt more frequently than 20 years, or less frequently than every 150 years. However, these thresholds are based on life cycles of a limited number of species, and given the lack of knowledge on ecosystem functioning without fire, the upper limits are untested. 4.2 Isolation and fragmentation The reserve is located within a matrix of cleared, timbered and regenerating lands. It thus has some connectivity to the larger timbered mass of Tallaganda National Park about eight kilometres to the south. Maintaining the integrity of the remaining habitat within the reserve and, where possible, linking this to adjacent areas of bushland to facilitate wildlife corridors is important in ensuring long term viability of the reserve’s biological values.

7

5. References

Dearling, Charles. 2003. Preliminary European Cultural Heritage (Desktop) Study – Selected National Parks and Nature Reserves. Report to NPWS, South West Slopes Region.

NPWS. 2005. NPWS Fire Management Manual. Hurstville. Tindale, NB. 1974. Aboriginal Tribes of Australia. ANU Press, Canberra.

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6.

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re

pro

tecte

d f

rom

b

ush

fire

. C

ultu

ral fe

atu

res a

re

pro

tecte

d f

rom

d

am

age

by f

ire

. F

ire

re

gim

es a

re

ap

pro

pria

te f

or

co

nse

rva

tio

n o

f p

lan

t a

nd

an

ima

l co

mm

un

itie

s.

6.5

.1 P

art

icip

ate

in

th

e L

ake

Ge

org

e B

ush

Fire

M

an

age

me

nt

Co

mm

itte

e.

Ma

inta

in c

oo

rdin

atio

n a

nd

co

op

era

tio

n w

ith

Ru

ral F

ire

Se

rvic

e,

briga

de

s a

nd

n

eig

hb

ou

rs w

ith

re

ga

rd t

o f

ue

l m

an

age

me

nt

an

d f

ire

su

pp

ressio

n.

6

.5.2

Un

de

rta

ke

an

y f

ue

l m

an

age

me

nt

activitie

s

ide

ntifie

d f

or

pro

pe

rty p

rote

ctio

n in

co

nju

nctio

n w

ith

th

e

Bu

sh

Fire

Ma

na

ge

me

nt

Co

mm

itte

e.

6

.5.3

Do

rma

nt

tra

ils m

ay b

e e

nh

an

ce

d,

thro

ugh

e

art

hw

ork

s,

if d

ee

me

d s

tra

tegic

ally

ne

ce

ssa

ry d

urin

g a

b

ush

fire

. O

the

rwis

e t

rails

will

be

le

ft in

a d

orm

an

t sta

te.

6.5

.4 M

ain

tain

th

e c

lea

red

str

ip a

lon

g t

he

ea

ste

rn

bo

un

da

ry o

f th

e r

ese

rve

as a

fire

ad

va

nta

ge

. 6

.5.5

Im

ple

me

nt

the

fo

llow

ing f

ire

ma

na

ge

me

nt

gu

ide

line

s f

or

ma

inta

inin

g t

he

bio

div

ers

ity a

nd

cu

ltu

ral

va

lue

s o

f th

e r

ese

rve

:

•

Co

nta

in f

ire

s t

o a

s s

ma

ll a

n a

rea

as p

ossib

le,

an

d

mitig

ate

fire

in

ten

sity w

he

re p

ossib

le.

•

Ma

inta

in a

s m

uch

of

the

re

se

rve

as p

ossib

le in

as

old

a f

ire

age

cla

ss a

s p

ossib

le.

•

Pro

tect

the

re

co

rde

d s

ca

rre

d t

ree

s f

rom

fire

if

pra

ctica

ble

.

•

Mo

nito

r b

iod

ive

rsity in

th

e r

ese

rve

an

d a

da

pt

fire

m

an

age

me

nt

acco

rdin

gly

.

Me

diu

m

Me

diu

m

Me

diu

m

Me

diu

m

Me

diu

m

11

Cu

rre

nt

Sit

ua

tio

n

De

sir

ed

Ou

tco

me

s

Str

ate

gie

s

Pri

ori

ty

6.6

Vis

ito

r u

se

D

ue

to

its

sm

all

siz

e a

nd

lo

ca

tio

n a

mo

ngst

rura

l h

old

ings,

the

re

se

rve

is n

ot

ge

ne

rally

u

se

d b

y m

em

be

rs o

f th

e p

ub

lic.

Th

e r

ese

rve

is

use

d o

cca

sio

na

lly b

y b

ush

wa

lke

rs a

nd

by b

ird

w

atc

hin

g g

rou

ps.

Th

e lo

ca

l co

mm

un

ity is a

wa

re

of

the

sig

nific

an

ce

o

f th

e a

rea

an

d o

f m

an

age

me

nt

pro

gra

ms.

Vis

ito

r u

se

is

eco

logic

ally

su

sta

ina

ble

.

6.6

.1 E

xclu

de

pu

blic

ve

hic

ula

r a

cce

ss.

Pro

hib

it c

am

pin

g,

tra

il b

ike

rid

ing a

nd

ho

rse

rid

ing.

6

.6.2

Pe

rmit d

ay b

ush

wa

lks,

info

rma

l p

icn

ics a

nd

e

du

ca

tio

na

l vis

its,

su

bje

ct

to lim

its o

n n

um

be

rs a

nd

o

the

r co

nd

itio

ns if

ne

ce

ssa

ry t

o m

inim

ise

im

pa

cts

. N

o

facili

tie

s w

ill b

e p

rovid

ed

an

d n

o f

ire

s w

ill b

e p

erm

itte

d in

th

e r

ese

rve

. 6

.6.3

Mo

nito

r le

ve

ls a

nd

im

pa

cts

of

use

. 6

.6.4

Org

an

ise

me

dia

re

lea

se

s,

ed

uca

tio

na

l m

ate

ria

l a

nd

co

nta

ct

with

ne

igh

bo

urs

an

d c

om

mu

nity

org

an

isa

tio

ns a

s n

ee

de

d.

Hig

h

Me

diu

m

Hig

h

Lo

w

6.7

Ma

na

ge

me

nt

op

era

tio

ns

T

he

re

se

rve

is s

erv

ice

d b

y a

nu

mb

er

of

do

rma

nt

ve

hic

le r

ou

tes (

se

e r

ese

rve

ma

p).

Ma

na

ge

me

nt

facili

tie

s a

de

qu

ate

ly

se

rve

ma

na

ge

me

nt

ne

ed

s a

nd

ha

ve

a

cce

pta

ble

im

pa

ct.

6.7

.1 M

an

age

me

nt

ve

hic

les t

o s

tay o

n id

en

tifie

d v

eh

icle

ro

ute

s in

th

e r

ese

rve

fo

r p

erio

dic

in

sp

ectio

ns.

6.7

.2 M

ain

tain

ve

hic

le r

ou

tes f

or

ma

na

ge

me

nt

pu

rpo

se

s.

Me

diu

m

Me

diu

m

Hig

h p

rio

rity

activitie

s a

re t

ho

se

im

pe

rative

to

ach

ieve

me

nt

of

the

ob

jective

s a

nd

de

sire

d o

utc

om

es.

Th

ey m

ust

be

un

de

rta

ke

n

in t

he

ne

ar

futu

re t

o a

vo

id s

ign

ific

an

t d

ete

rio

ratio

n in

na

tura

l, c

ultu

ral o

r m

an

age

me

nt

reso

urc

es.

Me

diu

m p

rio

rity

activitie

s a

re t

ho

se

th

at

are

ne

ce

ssa

ry t

o a

ch

ieve

th

e o

bje

ctive

s a

nd

de

sire

d o

utc

om

es b

ut

are

no

t u

rge

nt.

L

ow

prio

rity

activitie

s a

re d

esira

ble

to

ach

ieve

ma

na

ge

me

nt

ob

jective

s a

nd

de

sire

d o

utc

om

es b

ut

ca

n w

ait u

ntil

reso

urc

es

be

co

me

ava

ilab

le.