ScotlandScotlandMargus Arm and Mart LainasMargus Arm and Mart Lainas

C.R.Jakobson Gymn.C.R.Jakobson Gymn.

11c11c

Supervisors: Tiia Pukk, Marje MaasenSupervisors: Tiia Pukk, Marje Maasen

ViljandiViljandi

20022002

GeographyGeography

• ScotlandScotland is 31,510 sq. miles in area; it is 274 miles long is 31,510 sq. miles in area; it is 274 miles long from North to South and varies in breadth between 24 and from North to South and varies in breadth between 24 and 154 miles. 154 miles.

• The The capital citycapital city of Scotland is of Scotland is Edinburgh.Edinburgh.• There are There are 790 islands790 islands off the coast of off the coast of ScotlandScotland of which of which

130 are inhabited130 are inhabited. . • Scotland's Scotland's longest riverlongest river is the is the TayTay (120 miles). (120 miles). • The The highest mountainhighest mountain in the UK is in the UK is Ben NevisBen Nevis (4,418 (4,418

feet). feet).

PopulationPopulation

The population of The population of ScotlandScotland in 1997 was in 1997 was 5,122,5005,122,500

ThousandsThousands ThousandsThousands

18551855 2,978.12,978.1 19311931 4,843.04,843.0

18611861 3,069.43,069.4 19411941 4,819.44,819.4

18711871 3,368.93,368.9 19511951 5,102.55,102.5

18811881 3,742.63,742.6 19611961 5,183.85,183.8

18911891 4,036.24,036.2 19711971 5,235.65,235.6

19011901 4,479.14,479.1 19811981 5,180.25,180.2

19111911 4,751.14,751.1 19911991 5,107.05,107.0

19211921 4,882.54,882.5 1997 1997 5,122.55,122.5

PopulationPopulation

Population of CitiesPopulation of Cities

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

Population

Glasgow (662,954)Edinburgh (401,91)Aberdeen (189,707)Dundee (158,981)

The tallest man in ScotlandThe tallest man in Scotland

• The The Guinness Book of Guinness Book of RecordsRecords shows that the shows that the tallest Scotsmantallest Scotsman and the and the tallest "true" giant was tallest "true" giant was Angus Angus MacaskillMacaskill. .

• He was born in He was born in 1825 was 7ft 1825 was 7ft 9 (2.36m) tall9 (2.36m) tall. .

• He died on He died on Cape Breton Cape Breton Island, Nova Scotia, in Island, Nova Scotia, in 1863. 1863.

MountainsMountains

• Ben Nevis - 4,406Ben Nevis - 4,406 feet feet • Ben Macdhui - 4,300Ben Macdhui - 4,300 feet feet • BraeriachBraeriach - - 4,2484,248 feet feet • Cairn Toul - 4,241Cairn Toul - 4,241 feet feet • Cairngorm - 4,084Cairngorm - 4,084 feet feet • Aonach Beag - 4,060Aonach Beag - 4,060 feet feet • Carn Mor Dearg - 4,012Carn Mor Dearg - 4,012 feet feet • Aonach Mor - 3,999Aonach Mor - 3,999 feet feet • Ben Lawers - 3,984Ben Lawers - 3,984 feet feet

RiversRivers

• The longest riverThe longest river in Scotland is in Scotland is the Taythe Tay (120 miles long) (120 miles long)..

• The River ClydeThe River Clyde is is 106 miles106 miles longlong. .

• The The Tweed (97 miles)Tweed (97 miles)..

• The The Dee (85 miles)Dee (85 miles)..

• The The Don (82 miles)Don (82 miles)..

• The The Forth (65 miles). Forth (65 miles).

Scottish moneyScottish money• Scottish banksScottish banks have issued have issued banknotesbanknotes continuously since continuously since

16951695. .

• Scotland Scotland design and printdesign and print their their own notesown notes. .

• AAbout 95%bout 95% of the banknotes in circulation of the banknotes in circulation in Scotlandin Scotland come from come from the Scottish banksthe Scottish banks. .

• The The value of Scottish banknotesvalue of Scottish banknotes is around is around £20 billion£20 billion (about US$30 billion). (about US$30 billion).

• There are still some Scottish one pound notes in There are still some Scottish one pound notes in circulation and other denominations are £5, £10, £20, £50 circulation and other denominations are £5, £10, £20, £50 and £100.and £100.

ClimateClimate

• The The highest temperaturehighest temperature recorded in Scotland was recorded in Scotland was 32.8C/91.0F32.8C/91.0F at Dumfries on 2 July 1908. at Dumfries on 2 July 1908.

• The coldestThe coldest daytime temperature in Scotland was daytime temperature in Scotland was -27.2C/--27.2C/-17.0F17.0F at Bremar on 11 February 1985. at Bremar on 11 February 1985.

• In the sunniest partsIn the sunniest parts of Scotland (Angus, Fife, Lothians, of Scotland (Angus, Fife, Lothians, Ayrshire, Dumfries & Galloway) there is an average of Ayrshire, Dumfries & Galloway) there is an average of 1,400 hours of sunshine1,400 hours of sunshine each year. each year.

• The The western Highlands of Scotlandwestern Highlands of Scotland are the are the wettest parts wettest parts of Scotlandof Scotland with over with over 3000mm or 118 inches3000mm or 118 inches of rain a of rain a yearyear..

CultureCulture

• As might be expected, As might be expected, tartans and the kilttartans and the kilt have a great have a great deal of deal of myth and legendmyth and legend attached to Scotattached to Scotss..

• BagpipesBagpipes are what Caledonia Road are all about. Good are what Caledonia Road are all about. Good bagpipes start with the right materials which are then bagpipes start with the right materials which are then crafted into pipes which crafted into pipes which sound and look perfectsound and look perfect..

• The word The word "whisky""whisky" comes from the Gaelic comes from the Gaelic "uisgebeatha""uisgebeatha" which means which means "water of life"."water of life".

Scotland OfficeScotland Office

• The role of the The role of the Secretary of StateSecretary of State and and the Scotland the Scotland OfficeOffice is to represent is to represent Scottish interestsScottish interests in matters in matters that are that are reserved to the United Kingdom reserved to the United Kingdom ParliamentParliament..

• Helen LiddellHelen Liddell was appointed as was appointed as Secretary of State Secretary of State for Scotlandfor Scotland on 24 January 2001. on 24 January 2001.

The Scottish ParliamentThe Scottish Parliament

• The Scottish ParliamentThe Scottish Parliament is made up of is made up of all 129 all 129 MSPsMSPs.. TThe Scottish Parliament passes laws. It also he Scottish Parliament passes laws. It also scrutinisesscrutinises the work and policies of the work and policies of the Scottish the Scottish ExecutiveExecutive. .

• There There 72 MPs72 MPs representing Scotlandrepresenting Scotland in the in the House House of Commonsof Commons at Westminster. at Westminster.

TThe difference between the Scottish he difference between the Scottish Parliament and the Scottish Parliament and the Scottish

ExecutiveExecutive

• The Scottish The Scottish ParliamentParliament is made up is made up of all of all 129 MSPs129 MSPs..

• TThe Scottish he Scottish Parliament passes Parliament passes lawslaws..

• It also It also scrutinisesscrutinises the the work and policieswork and policies of of the the Scottish Scottish ExecutiveExecutive..

• The Scottish The Scottish ExecutiveExecutive is the is the government government in in ScotlandScotland for all for all devolved mattersdevolved matters..

• The Scottish The Scottish ExecutiveExecutive is formed is formed from from the party or the party or partiesparties holding a holding a majority of seats in majority of seats in the Parliamentthe Parliament..

Leisure activitiesLeisure activities

• Scotland is Scotland is the home and birthplace of golfthe home and birthplace of golf

• Skiing in Scottish Highlands.Skiing in Scottish Highlands.

• You can go fishing.You can go fishing.

• Watersports on the lakesWatersports on the lakes

• Many cultural eventsMany cultural events

Scottish humourScottish humour

• It is said that the Scots have a good sense ofIt is said that the Scots have a good sense of humour because it's free. Much of it is humour because it's free. Much of it is influenced by the stereotypes.influenced by the stereotypes.

• Some examples of Scottish humour:Some examples of Scottish humour: A Lewis man was planning a flight to Glasgow and phoned to find out A Lewis man was planning a flight to Glasgow and phoned to find out

how long the flight would be. how long the flight would be. "Just one second, sir""Just one second, sir" said the girl at the said the girl at the other end. other end. "Thanks very much""Thanks very much" he replied and hung up. he replied and hung up.

Jessie was out for a walk and came to a river and saw Maggie on the Jessie was out for a walk and came to a river and saw Maggie on the opposite bank. opposite bank. "Hello there,""Hello there," she shouts, she shouts, "how can I get to the other "how can I get to the other side?"side?" Maggie looked up the river, then down the river, then shouted Maggie looked up the river, then down the river, then shouted back, back, "You ARE on the other side.""You ARE on the other side."

LochsLochs

• Loch Lomond is the best known of all the Loch Lomond is the best known of all the Scottish lochsScottish lochs..

• Loch TayLoch Tay is in the is in the heart of Perthshireheart of Perthshire. Like . Like many of Scotland's lochs it is long and narrow. many of Scotland's lochs it is long and narrow.

• Loch EarnLoch Earn is mainly is mainly in Perthshirein Perthshire. It is a . It is a favourite place for favourite place for sailingsailing and and watersportswatersports. .

SummarySummary

The climate in Scotland is very changeable depending onThe climate in Scotland is very changeable depending on the the height of the land. There is a very beautiful countryside and we height of the land. There is a very beautiful countryside and we definitely recommend you to visit Scotland for holidays or for definitely recommend you to visit Scotland for holidays or for business trips. business trips.