Scientific Theory
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Transcript of Scientific Theory
SCIENTIFIC MANAGEMENT OR
TAYLORISM
BY: - SWETA LEENA PANDASTUTEE DASSHIVANI ARORAARPITA MOHANTYSUCHETA MOHANTY
“It is the art of knowing exactly what is to be done in the best and the cheapest way.”
SCINTFIC MANAGEMENT Important components of scientific management include analysis, synthesis, logic, rationality, empiricism, work ethic, efficiency, elimination of waste, and standardized best practices.
Frederick Winslow Taylor (March 20, 1856 – March 21, 1915) was an American mechanical engineer who sought to improve industrial efficiency.
He was one of the first management consultants.
Taylor was one of the intellectual leaders of the Efficiency Movement and his ideas, broadly conceived, were highly influential in the Progressive Era.
Taylor summed up his efficiency techniques in his book The Principles of Scientific Management.
Taylor's pioneering work in applying engineering principles to the work done on the factory floor was instrumental in the creation and development of the branch of engineering that is now known as industrial engineering.
Taylor was also an athlete who competed nationally in tennis and golf.
FREDERICK WINSLOW TAYLOR
The rule of reason experimentation Clear tasks and goals Training Stress reduction Careful selection and development of
people Improved quality Lower costs Higher wages Increased output Labor-management
TAYLOR‘S CORE VALUES
PRINCIPLES OF SCIENTFIC MANAGEMENT
Mental Revolution
Develop of work and Responsibility
Scientific selection training and Development
Harmony not discard
Science not the rule of thumb
CRITICISM FOR SCIENTFIC MANAGEMENT
The main argument against Taylor is this reductionist approach to work dehumanizes the worker
1 The allocation of work "specifying not only what is to be done but how it is to done and the exact time allowed for doing it" is seen as leaving no scope for the individual worker to excel .
2The belief that increased output would lead to less workers.
Inefficiencies within the management control system such as poorly designed incentive schemes and hourly pay rates not linked to productivity.
Poor design of the performance of the work by rule-of-thumb
3
SCIENTFIC METHODS OF MANAGEMENT CONTRSTED
•The most efficient manner to perform a task is determined and everyone does it that way
•Task Analysis•Bureaucratic Organization Structure
•Span of Control and Top Down Management
Scientific Management
• Concern for people not the task
• Participatory decision-making
• Emphasis on Individual Contributions and Personal Awareness
• Flexibility
Humanistic Approach
• Focused on the interaction of the organization and its larger environment
• Leaders are high-task oriented (work structure) and high-relationships oriented (concern for others)
• Organizations are a set of interrelated elements functioning as a whole
Social System Approach
•Focus on an improved, decentralized system of management changing environment
•Organizational Change Models that help organizations prepare for future challenges
Futuristic approach
Yet still on a meeting we may come across similar discussion…