Scientific Method and Metric System. Metric Measurements Remember the American Choppers’ confusion...
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Transcript of Scientific Method and Metric System. Metric Measurements Remember the American Choppers’ confusion...
![Page 1: Scientific Method and Metric System. Metric Measurements Remember the American Choppers’ confusion with English measurements?!?American Choppers Always.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062217/56649eeb5503460f94bfc25b/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Scientific Method and Metric System
![Page 2: Scientific Method and Metric System. Metric Measurements Remember the American Choppers’ confusion with English measurements?!?American Choppers Always.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062217/56649eeb5503460f94bfc25b/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Metric Measurements
• Remember the American Choppers’ confusion with English measurements?!?
• Always measure mass in grams, distance in meters, volume in liters, temperature in ºC, and time in seconds
• Remember how to convert from one unit to another using the metric staircase (count stairs and remember the direction to move decimal point)
![Page 3: Scientific Method and Metric System. Metric Measurements Remember the American Choppers’ confusion with English measurements?!?American Choppers Always.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062217/56649eeb5503460f94bfc25b/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Observation Skills
• Observation skills in the Clue-style clip & Basketball clip.
• QUALITative observations: based on the QUALITIES of an object using 5 senses
• QUANTITative observations: when you count or measure QUANTITIES of an object
• Inferences: logical statements that attempt to explain the pattern of observations using prior knowledge.
![Page 4: Scientific Method and Metric System. Metric Measurements Remember the American Choppers’ confusion with English measurements?!?American Choppers Always.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062217/56649eeb5503460f94bfc25b/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Precision vs. Accuracy
• Precision: exactness of a measurement• Accuracy: a description of how close a
measurement is to the true value of the quantity measured
• Ex: If you measure the long jump with a tape measure that has a broken tip (top), you can still read 4.14m PRECISELY. But that number is not ACCURATE because it’s not the actual distance of the jump.
![Page 5: Scientific Method and Metric System. Metric Measurements Remember the American Choppers’ confusion with English measurements?!?American Choppers Always.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062217/56649eeb5503460f94bfc25b/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Steps of the Scientific Method
![Page 6: Scientific Method and Metric System. Metric Measurements Remember the American Choppers’ confusion with English measurements?!?American Choppers Always.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062217/56649eeb5503460f94bfc25b/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Parts of the Scientific Method
• Scientific Method: a logical, scientific approach to problem solving
• Testable question: question that asks how changing one variable will affect results
• Purpose: written as “To observe…” or “To measure…”
• Hypothesis: a 3 part sentence that describes the experiment, makes a prediction and presents an educated guess to explain predicted results
• How does increasing the hole in a parachute affect drop time?
• To observe how increasing the diameter of the hole affects parachute drop time.
![Page 7: Scientific Method and Metric System. Metric Measurements Remember the American Choppers’ confusion with English measurements?!?American Choppers Always.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062217/56649eeb5503460f94bfc25b/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Scientific Method 2
• Independent variable: the factor “I” change in an experiment
• Dependent variable: Data collected when experimenting
• Standardizing variables: parts of exper. NOT influenced by the IV; Stuff that Stays the Same
• Control group: the group that receives no treatment or a standard treatment…gives baseline reading for comparing results
I: parachute hole diameter
D: drop timeSV: drop height, parachute mass, length of strings, etc
CG: unaltered parachute with standard hole size (compare data to this!)
![Page 8: Scientific Method and Metric System. Metric Measurements Remember the American Choppers’ confusion with English measurements?!?American Choppers Always.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062217/56649eeb5503460f94bfc25b/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Writing a Hypothesis
• If the independent variable is increased/decreased (choose one!)…
• Then the dependent variable will increase/decrease (predict only one!)…
• Because of “this scientific principle” (you will need to do some research for this!)
• Ex: If the size of the hole in a parachute is increased then its drop time will decrease because air resistance will decrease allowing the parachute to fall faster.
![Page 9: Scientific Method and Metric System. Metric Measurements Remember the American Choppers’ confusion with English measurements?!?American Choppers Always.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062217/56649eeb5503460f94bfc25b/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Data
• Recorded in a data table– At least 3 columns of test groups w/units– 10 trials listed w/average row!
• Analyzed using graphs:– Pie chart: comparing percentages– Bar graph: comparing values– Line graphs: showing trends between the independent
variable and the dependent variable• Plot only averages!• X axis has the indep. variable• Y axis has the dep. variable
Trial
Ind var 1
Ind var 2
Ind var 3
1
2
3
4
5…
..10
Avg
![Page 10: Scientific Method and Metric System. Metric Measurements Remember the American Choppers’ confusion with English measurements?!?American Choppers Always.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062217/56649eeb5503460f94bfc25b/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Parts of a Conclusion
• Rewrite your hypothesis word for word!• Describe to the reader the trend shown in the
graph. Use qualit.(observ.) and quantit. (#) data!
• Explain the science that rationalizes the trend you saw.• Provide 2 sources of error that may have thrown off your data
![Page 11: Scientific Method and Metric System. Metric Measurements Remember the American Choppers’ confusion with English measurements?!?American Choppers Always.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062217/56649eeb5503460f94bfc25b/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Use formal writing: No I, me, my or you!
• I think the reason for the results….
• You need to gather your materials….
• My results show…
• One possible reason for the results…
• Gather the following materials…
• The results show…
![Page 12: Scientific Method and Metric System. Metric Measurements Remember the American Choppers’ confusion with English measurements?!?American Choppers Always.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062217/56649eeb5503460f94bfc25b/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Steps of the Scientific Method