ScienceandTechnologyinSãoPaulo,& Brazil · ScienceandTechnologyinSãoPaulo,& Brazil...

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Science and Technology in São Paulo, Brazil Carlos H. de Brito Cruz Scien4fic Director Fapesp Presenta4on at FW California Nov. 16, 2014 fapesp10EN20131110ncarolina.pptx; © C.H. Brito Cruz e Fapesp 1 18/11/14

Transcript of ScienceandTechnologyinSãoPaulo,& Brazil · ScienceandTechnologyinSãoPaulo,& Brazil...

Page 1: ScienceandTechnologyinSãoPaulo,& Brazil · ScienceandTechnologyinSãoPaulo,& Brazil Carlos’H.’de’Brito’Cruz Scien4fic’Director’ Fapesp’ ’ Presentaon’at’ FW’CaliforniaNov.’16,’2014’

Science  and  Technology  in  São  Paulo,  Brazil  

Carlos  H.  de  Brito  Cruz  Scien4fic  Director  Fapesp    Presenta4on  at    FW  California  Nov.  16,  2014  

fapesp10-­‐EN-­‐20131110-­‐ncarolina.pptx;  ©  C.H.  Brito  Cruz  e  Fapesp     1  18/11/14  

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State  of  São  Paulo,    Brasil  

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41 Million people 32% of Brazil’s GDP 50% of Brazilian science 13% of State budget to HE

and R&D 1.6% GDP for R&D 3  State Universities 3+1 Federal H.E. institutions 52 State Tech Faculties 45% of the PhDs graduated in

Brazil (4,937 in 2010) 22 Research Institutes (19

state/3 federal)

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São  Paulo:  R&D  Expenditures,  2011,  by  source  

•  R&D  expenditures  total  1.6%  of  state  GDP  –  Grew  from  1.52%  in  2008    

•  Public  expenditures  dominated  by  state  –  State    63%  –  Federal    37%  

fapesp10-­‐EN-­‐20131110-­‐ncarolina.pptx;  ©  C.H.  Brito  Cruz  e  Fapesp     3  18/11/14  

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Brasil:  R&D  expenditures,  2011  By  source  

•  Intensity    1.1%  GDP    

•  Public  espanditure  dominated  by  Federal  Government  –  States  33%  –  Federal    67%  

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Brazil,  excluding  São  Paulo:  R&D  expenditures,  2011;  By  source  

•  Intensity  –  0,9%  of  regional  GDP  

•  Public  expenditure  strongly  dominated  by  Federal  government  –  States    19%  –  Federal    81%  

alesp-­‐fapesp-­‐20140820.pptx;  ©  C.H.  Brito  Cruz  e  Fapesp     5  18/11/14  

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State  level  support  for  R&D  in  Brazil,  2010  

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10 x

Source: Indicadores C&T, MCTI

23 x

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Fapesp:  São  Paulo  Research  FoundaGon  

•  Mission:  support  research  in  all  fields  •  Funded  by  the  State  of  São  Paulo  with  1%  of  all  state  revenues  •  All  proposals  are  peer  reviewed  (25,000  proposals  in  2013)    

–  Average  4me  for  decision–  69    days;  50%  success  rate  •  Annual  budget:  $  500  M  in  2013  

–  Fellowships  (3,000  SI,  2,600  MSc,  4,000  DrSc,  2,000  Post-­‐docs,  800  other)  –  Academic  R&D  

•  RIDC/11  years,  Thema4c/5  years,  Young  Inves4gators/4  years,  Regular/2  years  

–  University-­‐Industry  Joint  R&D:  Microsod,  Agilent,  Braskem,  Oxiteno,    SABESP,  VALE,  Natura,  Petrobrás,  Embraer,  Padtec,  Biolab,  Cristalia,  Whirlpool,  Boeing  

•  Engineering  Res.  Centers:  10  years  joint  grants  FAPESP/Industry  –  PCBA,  GSK,  Natura,  BG  –  Small  bussiness  R&D:  1,200  SBE’s  (three  PIPE+PAPPE  awards  per  week  in  2013)  

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FAPESP  expenditures,  2013  Total:  R$  1.103  billion  

fapesp12-­‐20131115.pptx;  ©  C.H.  Brito  Cruz  e  Fapesp     8  18/11/14  

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São  Paulo  creates  more  arGcles  than  any  country  in  LaGn  America  

fapesp10-­‐EN-­‐20131110-­‐ncarolina.pptx;  ©  C.H.  Brito  Cruz  e  Fapesp     9  18/11/14  

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FAPESP:  Basic  Science  Focus  

•  In  the  World,  and  in  Brazil,  there  is  in  an  “u4litarian”  view  about  Science  –  Science  that  makes  business  more  compe44ve  –  Science  that  heals  the  sick  –  Science  that  makes  the  poor  rich  

•  In  addi4on,  FAPESP  also  values  a  not  so  “u4litarian”  item  –  Science  that  makes  mankind  wiser  

•  In  all  fields  there  are  fundamental  ques4ons  –  Philosophy,  Archeology,  Literature,  Linguis4cs,  High  Energy  Physics,  Cosmic  Rays,  Astronomy,  Evolu4on,..  

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SOAR:  Southern  Observatory  for  Astrophysical  Research  

fapesp10-­‐EN-­‐20131110-­‐ncarolina.pptx;  ©  C.H.  Brito  Cruz  e  Fapesp     12  18/11/14  

J.B. Haislip et al., “A photometric redshift of z = 6.39 0.12 for GRB 050904”, Nature 440, 181-183 (9 March 2006).

Infrared  aderglow  observa4on  ader  a  GRB  -­‐  unveils  the  explosion  which  happened  13  billion  years  ago.  These  results  demonstrated  that  GRBs  can  be  used  to  trace  the  star  forma4on,  metallicity,  and  reioniza4on  histories  of  the  early  Universe.     USP, UFRGS, UNC Ch.Hill

Fapesp, CNPq, NSF,...

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How  did  Man  come  to  America?  

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Center  for  Metropolitan  Studies:  public  policy  research  

Quality  of  public  educaBon   Quality  of  public  health  

fapesp10-­‐EN-­‐20131110-­‐ncarolina.pptx;  ©  C.H.  Brito  Cruz  e  Fapesp     14  18/11/14  

Poor people concentration (2000) Poor people concentration (2000)

(Source: Marta Arretche (USP and CEBRAP), presentation at FAPESP Week, Oct. 26, 2011)

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BIOTA:  Science,  July  2009  

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BIOTA:  cascading  effects  in  evoluGon  SCIENCE  2013  

fapesp12-­‐20131115.pptx;  ©  C.H.  Brito  Cruz  e  Fapesp     16  18/11/14  

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SP  Environment  Secretary  bases  ResoluGon  on  BIOTA  research  

•  Several  Governor  Decrees  and  Resolu4ons  –  Decree  53.939,  06Jan09  –  Legal  

Reserves  –  Decree  54.746,  04Sep09  –  

Conserva4on  Units  Cantareira  

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FAPESP’s  BIOEN  research  program:  84  →  148  →  212  →  381  ton/Ha??  

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0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

Non-Renewable Renewable

Ener

gy s

ourc

es in

Bra

zil,

2006

Brazil:  47%  of  energy  from  renewable  sources  (2009);  18%  from  sugarcane  

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cane 18%

Renewables in Brazil: 47%; World: 13%; OECD: 7,2%

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Embraer-­‐FAPESP:    R&D  to  build  an  innovaGve  jet  

fapesp10-­‐EN-­‐20131110-­‐ncarolina.pptx;  ©  C.H.  Brito  Cruz  e  Fapesp     20  18/11/14  

Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulation and tests Research co-funded by FAPESP, using several universities

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Vaccines  research  

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fapesp10-­‐EN-­‐20131110-­‐ncarolina.pptx;  ©  C.H.  Brito  Cruz  e  Fapesp     22  18/11/14  

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FAPESP:  internaGonal  agreements  for  joint  research  funding  

•  Agreements  with  foreign  funding  agencies,  universi4es  and  companies  

•  303  joint  proposals  supported,  2005-­‐2010  –  U.S  115;  France  87;  Germany  41;  U.K.  27;  Argen4na  11;  Canada  8;  Portugal  8  

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UK:  RCUK;  KCL;  Surrey;  Southampton;  NoHngham,  Manchester,  Keele,  IoE/UoL;  Bangor,  Birmingham,  Bath,  East  Anglia,  York,  Edinburgh,  Cambridge;  BG,  GSK,  BP  Ge:  DFG,  Fraunhofer,  U.  Münster  Fr:  ANR;  CNRS;  INSERM;  INRIA;  INRA  Ca:  ISTP;  NSERC;  U.  Toronto;  U.  Wetern  Ontario,    McMaster,  CALDO  EU:  CNPq  (Bioenergy)  

Is:  Hebrew  Univ.  Jerusalem  ;  MATIMOP  Ar:  CONICET;  Cl:  CONICYT  U.S.:  NSF  –  CNIC  and  ICC;  Microso]  Research;  Boeing;  Agilent  Technologies  MIT,  USC,  U  Michigan,  UC  Davis,  OSU,  NCSU,  UNC-­‐Charlo^e,  MBL,  TTU,  UT-­‐AusBn  Portugal:  FCT  Fi:  AkA  /  De:  DCSR  Spain:  Salamanca,  CSIC  

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OpportuniGes  for  foreign  scienGsts  in  SP:  Post-­‐doctoral  fellowships  

•  Three  to  Five  years  dura4on  –  Brazilian  or  Foreign  –  S4pend    –  Support  for  moving  and  installa4on  and  Travel  for  awardee  and  his  family  –  Plus  15%  for  research  incidentals  (travel,  small  equip.)  –  Plus  possible  scholarship  for  1  year  abroad  

•  2,313  proposals,  1.074  awards  in  2013  –  46%  success  rate  –  1,900  fellowships  paid  in  Mar.  2013  –  FAPESP  looks  for  candidates  from  any  country  and  na4onality  

•  Find  opportuni4es  –  Open  posi4ons  at  hsp://www.fapesp.br/oportunidades/en/  –  Or  contact  a  supervisor  to  submit  a  proposal  

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OpportuniGes  for  foreign  scienGsts  in  SP:  Young  InvesGgator  Awards  

•  4  years  grant  –  Typical  value  ranges  from  US$  200  th  to  US$  2  million  

•  Fellowship  for  PI  (including  travel  and  installa4on)  •  Equipments  •  Consummables    •  Travel  •  Fellowships  for  students  

•  5,132  proposals,  1,350  awards  since  1996  –  347p/72a  in  2013  (1.5  awards  per  week)  

•  Info  at  hsp://www.fapesp.br/en/4479  

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To  know  about  research  in  São  Paulo:  FAPESP  Newsleger  –  in  English  

•  hsp://agencia.fapesp.br/en/  

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