Using Resilience and Resistance to Manage Fire and InvasivesSage Grouse Initiative - www.sagegrouseinitiative.com

Science to Solutions

Wildfire and Cheatgrass:New Science Helps Reduce Threats to Sage Grouse

Sage Grouse Initiative

In Brief: A new strategy helps land managers reduce impacts from two of the most daunting challenges facing sage grouse: the threat of large-scale wildfires and invasion of exotic annual grasses like cheatgrass (Bromus tectorum L.) that can transform large expanses of sagebrush habitat into nonnative grasslands. This strategy serves as a powerful decision tool to address wildfire and cheatgrass threats at local sites or large landscape scales. Using existing data to map soil temperature and moisture regimes along with the amount of sagebrush cover across landscapes, managers can predict a sagebrush ecosystem’s resilience to disturbance and resistance to invasive species, as well as where sage grouse are most likely to persist. This tool helps prioritize and pinpoint management tactics across sagebrush landscapes, from fire and fuels management to restoration, and partners have already quickly engaged in implementation of this new strategic approach.

sG

!"#$%&'()*+(#%,&#%-./%&/",0&"#%",&.+&,"$%1#2,3&#%42(#%*&15&,"$%&$#.2,%6&7.00.-&#($30&83.0.9&:3%"0$#",,&;03%&1#.'<&$#",,&.<&)%+0=&(,&"<&%>.0(?&(</",(/%&$#",,&03"0&?2#%,&%"#)(%#&03"<&*%,(#"1)%&8%#%<<(")&$#",,%,&;$#%%<&$#",,&.<&#($30=&"<*&%",()5&?"##(%,&+(#%@&8#.-.0(<$&)"#$%#&"<*&-.#%&+#%42%<0&+(#%,&03"0&?.</%#0&,"$%1#2,3&3"1(0"0,&(<0.&/",0&<.<<"0(/%&"<<2")&$#",,)"<*,6&A3.0.&?#%*(0,9&0.8&B&C.2$)",&D6&E3(<<%-"<F&1.00.-&)%+0&B&G(?H&I?J'"<F&1.00.-&#($30&B&D%#%-5&I"%,0",6

A New Strategic Framework to Tackle a Double !reat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

<5%!&0#"0%$7!'/34*-%&!-%)!&'*%-'%!/-!&"$%!$#/1&%!5"4*0"0!#%C1*#%3%-0&!)*05!,"'0/#&!05"0!+%0%#3*-%!&"$%4#1&5!%'/&7&0%3!!"#$%$"&'"()&*(!"#$#+)&'"(DB-/)-!"&!=E=!0/!%'/(/$*&0&F;!,"#$%$"&'"!*&!05%!"4*(*07!/,!"-!%'/&7&0%3!0/!4/1-'%!4"'B!",0%#!,*#%6!"-+!!"#$#+)&'"!*&!"-!%'/&7&0%3G&!

L

1

Using Resilience and Resistance to Manage Fire and InvasivesSage Grouse Initiative - www.sagegrouseinitiative.com

!"#$%&'()*$+,(-(.$/*&$(010$2+$*.,*30(.'&%"2+$*"23*&$(0(."2+$*.,*"22'"1*#&"((*024"(0,2*0(*+1,($1-*1025$3*.,*(,01*/,0(.'&$*"23*.$/6$&".'&$7*8"&/9*3&-*(0.$(*:0.)*1,:*6&,3'+.040.-*.-60+"11-*,++'&*".*1,:$&*$1$4".0,2(*"23*"&$*/,&$*4'12$&"%1$*.)"2*+,139*/,0(.*(0.$(*:0.)*#&$".$&*6&,3'+.040.-*.)".*,++'&*".*)0#)$&*$1$4".0,2(7*;)"&.*+,'&.$(-*,<*=$"22$*;)"/%$&(9*>!?!*@A@!7

Resilience: the capacity of an ecosystem to regain or recover its fundamental structure, processes and functioning when altered by stresses like drought and disturbances like wildfire.

Resistance: the capacity of an ecosystem to retain its fundamental structure, processes and functioning (or remain largely unchanged) despite stresses, disturbances or invasive species.

Resistance to Invasion: the abiotic and biotic attributes and ecological processes of an ecosystem that limit the population growth of an invading species.

!"#$%"&'"()&)#*'#+',--.'+$#')!/"0)!1'.&"!#'2.-3)-242+5-67"#'&),-'"'7-"&#7*'.-%2+!82')55$!)#*'#+'0)2-"2-9':7-2-'37"%"3#-%)2#)32'3"!'(-'5"..-0'"#'5$&#).&-'23"&-24"3%+22'&"%1-'%-1)+!2'+%'"#'2.-3);)3'2)#-24$2)!1'-<)2#)!1'0"#"9':7-'%-2$&#'1)/-2'5"!"1-%2'"'.+6-%;$&'0-3)2)+!'#++&'#+')0-!#);*'.%)+%)#*'"%-"2='.&"!'#%-"#5-!#2='"!0'#"%1-#')!/-2#5-!#2>')!'-22-!3-='"'2."#)"&'1"5-'.&"!'#+'%-0$3-'#7-')5."3#2'+;';)%-'"!0')!/"2)/-'1%"22-2')!'2"1-'1%+$2-'7"()#"#'&+!1'#-%59

Resistance and Resilience in Sagebrush Ecosystems

B!"#$%&'()*$+,(-(.$/(*,++'&*"+&,((*(.&,2#*$240&,2/$2."1*#&"30$2.(9*"23*$+,(-(.$/*&$(010$2+$*"23*&$(0(."2+$*30<<$&*#&$".1-*3$6$2302#*,2*$240&,2/$2."1*+)"&"+.$&0(.0+(7*C)$($*+,2+$6.(*"&$*$D'"11-*"6610+"%1$*"+&,((*%&,"3*1"23(+"6$(*"23*".*1,+"1*(+"1$(7E*?@-"!!-'A7"5(-%2='B9C9'D+%-2#'C-%/)3-='E+3,*'F+$!#")!'E-2-"%37'C#"#)+!'

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

S

2

Using Resilience and Resistance to Manage Fire and InvasivesSage Grouse Initiative - www.sagegrouseinitiative.com

!"#$%&$'()*+$%(,-./(.0$%(./%12()*('%/*1)&*,-)*3.%34%2$&$..*('%5&(11$1%(&$%2(&)*0-'(&'6%*723&)(.)%43&%&$1*'*$.0$%(./%&$1*1)(.0$89%$:2'(*.1%;&<%=$(..$%>#(7,$&18%'$(/%(-)#3&%(./%10*$.)*1)%?*)#%)#$%@<A<%B3&$1)%A$&+*0$8%C30D6%E3-.)(*.%C$1$(&0#%A)()*3.<

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

Building a Decision Tool: the Sage Grouse Habitat Matrix%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%./$&1)(./*.5%CJC%34%1(5$,&-1#%$03161)$71%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%2&3+*/$1%(.%$03'35*0('%43-./()*3.%43&%2&*3&*)*L*.5%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%7(.(5$7$.)<%"#$%.$:)%1)$2%*1%)3%1-2$&*7231$%CJC%?*)#%(%D$6%#(,*)()%0#(&(0)$&*1)*0%*723&)(.)%)3%1(5$%5&3-1$G%)#$%(73-.)%34%'(./10(2$%03+$&$/%,6%1(5$,&-1#<%

A(5$,&-1#%'(./10(2$%03+$&8%7$(1-&$/%()%'(&5$%10('$1%-1*.5%&$73)$%1$.1*.58%1#3-'/%.3)%,$%03.4-1$/%?*)#%1(5$,&-1#%0(.326%03+$&8%?#*0#%*1%7$(1-&$/%()%(%'30('%1*)$%'$+$'<%!"#*.D%34%'(./10(2$%03+$&%(1%)#$%(73-.)%34%5&(6%1(5$,&-1#%(&$(%63-%1$$%'33D*.5%/3?.%4&37%(.%(*&2'(.$%&()#$&%)#(.%?#()%63-%1$$%(0&311%(%1*)$%4&37%(%2*0D-2%?*./3?89%$:2'(*.1%03(-)#3&%=$&$76%E($1)(18%A(5$%M&3-1$%I.*)*()*+$%"$0#.*0('%N$(/<

A(5$%5&3-1$%'$D%1*)$18%3&%,&$$/*.5%5&3-./18%(&$%34)$.%-1$/%)3%$+('-()$%1(5$%5&3-1$%232-'()*3.%+*(,*'*)6<%E31)%(0)*+$%1(5$%5&3-1$%'$D%1*)$1%(&$%'30()$/%?#$&$%)#$%7(O3&*)6%34%)#$%1-&&3-./*.5%(&$(%*1%*.%1(5$,&-1#%03+$&<%A(5$%5&3-1$%232-'()*3.1%-1-(''6%/3%,$1)%?#$&$%73&$%)#(.%PQR%34%)#$%'(./10(2$%*1%*.%1(5$,&-1#%,$0(-1$%)#$1$%(&$(1%2&3+*/$%$11$.)*('%#(,*)()%.$$/1%1-0#%(1%.$1)*.5%(&$(18%13-&0$1%34%433/8%(./%03+$&%4&37%2&$/()3&1<%A(5$%5&3-1$%232-'()*3.1%#(+$%/*44*0-')6%1-&+*+*.5%*.%(&$(1%?*)#%)33%'*))'$%1(5$,&-1#%03+$&%STUQRV%?#$&$%)#$1$%#(,*)()%.$$/1%0(..3)%,$%.3)%7$)<%

K6%1-2$&*7231*.5%$:*1)*.5%MIA%7(2%'(6$&1%34%CJC%S,(1$/%3.%13*'%)$72$&()-&$%(./%73*1)-&$V%(./%1(5$,&-1#%'(./10(2$%03+$&%S/$&*+$/%4&37%N(./1()%1()$''*)$%*7(5$&6V%7(.(5$&1%0(.%.3?%7(2%)#$%23)$.)*('%43&%&$1)3&()*3.%(./%&$03+$&6%()%7-')*2'$%10('$1<%H''%34%)#*1%/()(%*1%(+(*'(,'$%43&%/3?.'3(/<

U

!"#$%&'()'*+&,*'%+-.%("#/&,*'%*'0#('/%1+&%&")2%+-.%/+0'3*,/4%$+-./5+)'%5"6'*%13"&&"(2%5+-%3'%(+))'.%&"%4'$)%#-7"*(%(+-+0'('-&%.'5#/#"-/8%94#$'%&4'%/&,.:%+*'+%#-5$,.'.%&4'%'-&#*'%*+-0'%"7%/+0'%0*",/';%&4'%'()4+/#/%<+/%"-%&4'%=*'+&%>+/#-%<4'*'%7#*'%+-.%#-6+/#6'%*#/?/%+*'%0*'+&'/&8%@*#"*#&:%A*'+/%7"*%B"-/'*6+&#"-%1@AB/2%+*'%"6'*$+#.%&"%#$$,/&*+&'%&4"/'%4+3#&+&/%'C)'5&'.%&"%3'%5*#&#5+$%7"*%$"-0D&'*(%6#+3#$#&:%"7%/+0'%0*",/'%+-.%&"%+#.%(+-+0'*/%<#&4%#-#&#+$%#.'-&#7#5+&#"-%"7%7"5+$%+*'+/%7"*%(+-+0'('-&8%E#0,*'/%+.+)&'.%7*"(%B4+(3'*/%'&%+$8%FGHI%3:%A(+*#-+%9,'-/54'$8

3

Using Resilience and Resistance to Manage Fire and InvasivesSage Grouse Initiative - www.sagegrouseinitiative.com

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

Right Strategy, Right Place##################)731+,-#)**'$*'+)7&#8),)-&8&,7#'&.*$,.&.###################@+71#71&#'+-17#.3&,)'+$#$,#71&#-'$0,2#+.#3'+7+3)(###################;$'#)22'&..+,-#;+'&#),2#+,%).+%&#71'&)7.#$%&'#%).7#(),2.3)*&.>#DE&#3$8/+,&2#@1)7#@&#=,$@#)/$07#-'$0.&#),2#.)-&/'0.1#&3$.".7&8.#7$#&8*$@&'#(),2#8),)-&'.#@+71#+,;$'8)7+$,#),2#7$$(.#7$#8$'&#3$,.+.7&,7("#8)=&#-$$2#2&3+.+$,.#)/$07#1$@#7$#+,%&.7#(+8+7&2#'&.$0'3&.6F#.)".#G)&.7).>

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

H,#71&#I)-&#J'$0.&#K)/+7)7#G)7'+B6#)($,-#71&#-')2+&,7#;'$8#1+-1#7$#($@#4546#8),)-&8&,7#.7')7&-+&.#%)'"#@+71#71&#*$7&,7+)(#;$'#'&.7$')7+$,#),2#'&3$%&'"6#'+.=#$;#+,%).+%&#),,0)(#-')..&.6#)8$0,7#$;#.)-&/'0.1#3$%&'#(&;7#$,#71&#(),2.3)*&6#),2#71&#(),2.3)*&#3$,7&B7>#L'&).#@+71#)#1+-1#)8$0,7#$;#.)-&/'0.1#3$%&'#),2#1+-1#454#)'&#(+=&("#7$#'&3$%&'#+,#)#'&()7+%&("#.1$'7#7+8&#*&'+$2#);7&'#2+.70'/),3&#),2#)'&#)#($@#*'+$'+7"#;$'#+,7&'%&,7+$,>#H,#3$,7').76#)'&).#@+71#($@#454#71)7#1)%&#;&@#,)7+%&#-')..&.#),2#;$'/.#),2#1+-1#'+.=#$;#+,%).+%&#),,0)(#-')..#2$8+,),3&#)'&#0,(+=&("#

M

4

Using Resilience and Resistance to Manage Fire and InvasivesSage Grouse Initiative - www.sagegrouseinitiative.com

!"#$%&"'%$#()!*)+#,#-%.)$,/0%#!)1%#2$,1%#,+-#!*%.%#,$%,.#$%34)$%#1"$%#5$",&!)'%#,+-#)+!%+.)'%#1,+,6%1%+!7#8+#0"(#9:9#,$%,.;#5$)"$)!)%.#.*"40-#2"&4.#"+#1)+)1)<)+6#.!$%..#,+-#-).!4$/,+&%#,+-#1,)+!,)+)+6#)+!,&!#.,6%/$4.*#&"'%$7#8+!%+.)'%#1,+,6%1%+!#,+-#$%5%,!%-#)+!%$'%+!)"+.#1,=#/%#+%%-%-#!"#5$"!%&!#,+-#$%.!"$%#(,$1#-$=#.,6%/$4.*#%&".=.!%1.#!*,!#.!)00#.455"$!#.,6%#6$"4.%#5"540,!)"+.;#/4!#!*,!#,$%#*)6*0=#!*$%,!%+%-#/=#()0-2)$%#,+-#&*%,!6$,..#)+',.)"+7

>*%#.&)%+&%#!%,1#!""?#)!#,#.!%5#2,$!*%$#,+-#5$)"$)!)<%-#1,+,6%1%+!#.!$,!%6)%.#&"11"+0=#4.%-#/=#!*%#,6%+&)%.#2"$#%,&*#&%00#)+#!*%#@,6%#A$"4.%#B,/)!,!#C,!$)D7#>*%.%#.!$,!%6)%.#)+&04-%#2)$%#"5%$,!)"+.;#24%0.#1,+,6%1%+!;#5".!E2)$%#$%*,/)0)!,!)"+;#*,/)!,!#$%.!"$,!)"+#,+-#$%&"'%$=#,+-#&"'%$#%'%$=!*)+6#2$"1#2)$%#.455$%..)"+#!"#24%0#/$%,?.#!"#.%%-)+67#!"#$%$&'()"(*+,,$&(-".&(*+)+/$*$),(0"1.2'(,3$("%$&+&134)/(/"+5(23".56(7$(,"#*+4),+4)("&(4)1&$+2$($1"2-2,$*(&$2454$)1$(+)6(&$242,+)1$8

Putting It All Together##############*).#)+2"$1,!)"+#&,+#/%#&"1/)+%-#()!*#"!*%$#-,!,##############!"#64)-%#.,6%#6$"4.%#*,/)!,!#1,+,6%1%+!#2$"1##############$,+6%()-%#.&,0%.#!"#0"&,0#1,+,6%1%+!#4+)!.#!"#5$"F%&!#.)!%#0%'%0.7#G'%$0,=)+6#,',)0,/0%#-,!,#)+#A8@;#.4&*#,.#.,6%#6$"4.%#H$)"$)!=#I$%,.#2"$#J"+.%$',!)"+#KHIJ.L;#/$%%-)+6#/)$-#-%+.)!=#1,5.;#,+-#0,+-#&"'%$#1,5.#"2#&*%,!6$,..;#5)M"+#,+-#F4+)5%$;#,+-#2)$%#*).!"$=;#&,+#*%05#!,$6%!#5$"F%&!.7

N"$#%D,150%;#&"450)+6#!*%#1,5.#2"$#9:9#()!*#HIJ.#,+-#/$%%-)+6#-%+.)!=#5$"')-%.#,#.+,5.*"!#"2#.,6%#6$"4.%#5"540,!)"+#&%+!%$.#!*,!#1,=#/%#1".!#,!#$).?#"2#+%6,!)'%#)15,&!.#"2#2)$%#,+-#)+',.)'%.#K.%%#2)64$%#,!#0%2!L7#>*).#!=5%#"2#)+2"$1,!)"+#*%05.#1,+,6%$.#-%!%$1)+%#(*%$%#!"#%15*,.)<%#1"$%#)+!%+.)'%#50,++)+6#,+-#)+'%.!#1,+,6%1%+!#5$"F%&!.#"$#2)$%#.455$%..)"+#%22"$!.7

O)!*)+#2"&,0#,$%,.;#9:9#&"+&%5!.#&,+#,0."#/%#4.%-#!"#-%!%$1)+%#!*%#1".!#,55$"5$),!%#!$%,!1%+!#!%&*+)34%#,!#!*%#5$"F%&!#.&,0%7#>*%#.!$,!%6)&#,55$",&*#.!%5.#,00#!*%#(,=#-"(+#!"#%&"0"6)&,0#.)!%.#(*%$%#0"&,0#5$,&!)!)"+%$.#&$,2!#1,+,6%1%+!#5$%.&$)5!)"+.7#

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

!"#$%&%&'()"%*(+,#-,./+0.,(/&1(#"%)+0.,(.,'%#,)(2%+3($.,,1%&'($%.1(1,&)%+%,)(2%+3%&(45!)(%**0)+./+,)(+3,(.,*/+%6,(.%)7)("8(8%.,(/&1(93,/+'./))(%#-/9+)(%&(.,*/+%"&(+"('."0),(9"&9,&+./+%"&):(;%'3(1,&)%+<(/.,/)(.,-.,),&+()/',('."0),(-"-0*/+%"&(9,&+,.)(9"&+/%&%&'(=>?("8($.,,1%&'(-"-0*/+%"&@(*"2(1,&)%+<(9"&+/%&)(+3,(.,#/%&%&'(A>?:(4.%".%+<(*/&1)9/-,)(/.,(3%'3(.%)7(/.,/)(2%+3(*"2(BCB(/&1(3%'3($%.1(1,&)%+%,):(D%'0.,(/1/-+,1(8."#(!3/#$,.)(,+(/*:(AEFG($<(5#/.%&/(H0,&)93,*:

T

!"&%8,.(.,#"6/*(%)(/(7,<()+./+,'<(8".(.,109%&'(80,*)(/&1(#/%&+/%&%&'(.,)%*%,&9,(/&1(.,)%)+/&9,:(43"+"(9.,1%+I(J,.,#<(B"$,.+)K(!"&),.6/+%"&(L,1%/:

5

Using Resilience and Resistance to Manage Fire and InvasivesSage Grouse Initiative - www.sagegrouseinitiative.com

Where Do I Go From Here?!"#$%&''$()*+,'$"-$."*)-*,+'$+..',/+*,"-0$"%$#)0,0*+-/)$+-($#)0,',)-/)$/"-/).*0$*"$%,#)1$+--&+'$2#+00$,-3+0,"-1$+-($3)2)*+4*,"-$5+-+2)5)-*1$0))$*6)$.#,5+#7$0"&#/)$%"#$*6,0$+#*,/')1$/,*)($8)'"9:$;6+58)#0$)*$+'<$=>?@1$!""#$%%&&&'()'(*+',)%-.%#,/)%-.-)01"-234'!".5'

A"$("9-'"+($BCD$(+*+$'+7)#0$"%$0",'$*)5.)#+*&#)45",0*&#)$#)2,5)0$+-($0+2)8#&06$'+-(0/+.)$/"3)#$+/#"00$*6)$#+-2)$"%$0+2)$2#"&0)1$3,0,*:$!""#)$%%&&&')67*86*/9)*'1:;%69"95:1%(:5+*-%<2=(>/(>*?/@3A2A=9>=3(A+'

A"$')+#-$5"#)$+8"&*$6"9$*"$9"#E$9,*6$0",'$*)5.)#+*&#)$+-($5",0*&#)$(+*+1$0))$*6)$%+/*$06))*$/,*)($,-$F((,*,"-+'$G)0"&#/)0$8)'"9:$H+)0*+0$+-($;+5.8)''$=>?@1$!""#$%%&&&')91*1-:,)*787"79"7;*'6:.%&#B6:8"*8"%,#5:9+)%3@A?%@>%C:75BD*.#BE:7)"BF9"9BG96"BC!**"'#+('

I0)$*6)$%,)'($2&,()0$/,*)($,-$*6)$F((,*,"-+'$G)0"&#/)0$8)'"9$*"$6)'.$+00)00$*6)$."*)-*,+'$%"#$."0*4%,#)$0+2)8#&06$#)/"3)#7$JH,'')#$)*$+'<$,-$.#)00K$+-($+((#)00$*#)+*5)-*$".*,"-0$JH,'')#$)*$+'<$=>?@K<

A"$')+#-$5"#)$+8"&*$0+2)$2#"&0)$/"-0)#3+*,"-$+-($*6)$D+2)$B#"&0)$C-,*,+*,3)1$3,0,*$!""#$%%&&&')91*1-:,)*787"79"7;*'6:.'

Suggested CitationL,'(%,#)$+-($;6)+*2#+00:$M)9$D/,)-/)$N)'.0$G)(&/)$A6#)+*0$*"$D+2)$B#"&0)<$D/,)-/)$*"$D"'&*,"-0$D)#,)0$M&58)#$O<$D+2)$B#"&0)$C-,*,+*,3)1$P..<$!""#$%%&&&')91*1-:,)*787"79"7;*'6:.'

ContactsQ#<$R)+--)$;<$;6+58)#0:$G)0)+#/6$S/"'"2,0*1$IDQF$!"#)0*$D)#3,/)1$G"/E7$H"&-*+,-$G)0)+#/6$D*+*,"-:$T/6+58)#0U%0<%)(<&0

R)#)57$H+)0*+0:$D+2)$B#"&0)$C-,*,+*,3)$A)/6-,/+'$V)+(1$IDQF$M+*&#+'$G)0"&#/)0$;"-0)#3+*,"-$D)#3,/):$T)#)57<5+)0*+0U"#<&0(+<2"3

Source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

Additional Resources;6+58)#01$R<;<1$Y<F<$Y#+(')71$;<D<$Y#"9-1$;<$Q^F-*"-,"1$H<R<$B)#45,-"1$R<Y<$B#+/)1$D<X<$N+#()2#))1$G<!<$H,'')#$+-($Q<F<$X7E)<$=>?[<$G)0,',)-/)$*"$0*#)00$+-($(,0*&#8+-/)$*"$!"#$%&'()*(#"%$$V<$,-3+0,"-$,-$/"'($()0)#*$06#&8'+-(0$"%$9)0*)#-$M"#*6$F5)#,/+<$S/"070*)50$?]:[P>4[]O<$Q\C:$?><?>>]_0?>>=?4>?[4`]=O4O<

Z-,/E1$D<$A<W$N+-0)#1$D<$S<W$X#)0*"-1$Z<$V<$=>?[<$H"()',-2$)/"'"2,/+'$5,-,5&5$#)a&,#)5)-*0$%"#$(,0*#,8&*,"-$"%$2#)+*)#$0+2)42#"&0)$')E0:$C5.',/+*,"-0$%"#$.".&'+*,"-$/"--)/*,3,*7$+/#"00$*6),#$9)0*)#-$#+-2)1$I<D<F<$S/"'"27$+-($S3"'&*,"-$[JPK:?O[`b?OO?<

H+)0*+01$R<Q<1$+-($D<Y<$;+5.8)''<$=>?@<$H+..,-2$."*)-*,+'$)/"4070*)5$#)0,',)-/)$+-($#)0,0*+-/)$+/#"00$0+2)$2#"&0)$#+-2)$&0,-2$0",'$*)5.)#+*&#)$+-($5",0*&#)$#)2,5)0<$!+/*$D6))*<$D+2)$B#"&0)$C-,*,+4*,3)<$@..<$!""#$%%&&&')91*1-:,)*787"79"7;*'6:.%&#B6:8"*8"%,#B5:9+)%3@A?%@>%C:75BD*.#BE:7)"BF9"9BG96"BC!**"'#+('

H,'')#$G<$!<1$;6+58)#01$R<$;<1$X)''+-*1$H<$=>?@<$F$%,)'($2&,()$*"$0)')/*,-2$*6)$5"0*$+..#".#,+*)$*#)+*5)-*0$,-$0+2)8#&06$+-($.,-7"-4T&-,.)#$)/"070*)50$,-$*6)$B#)+*$Y+0,-:$S3+'&+*,-2$#)0,',)-/)$*"$(,0*&#8+-/)$+-($#)0,0*+-/)$*"$,-3+0,3)$+--&+'$2#+00)0$+-($.#)(,/*4,-2$3)2)*+*,"-$#)0."-0)<$B)-<$A)/6<$G).<$GHGD4BAG4[==<$!"#*$;"'',-01$;\:$I<D<$Q).+#*5)-*$"%$F2#,/&'*&#)1$!"#)0*$D)#3,/)1$G"/E7$H"&-*+,-$G)0)+#/6$D*+*,"-<$]=..<$!""#$%%&&&'()'(*+',)%-.%#,/)%-.-)01"-233'!".5'

H,'')#1$G,/6+#($!<W$;6+58)#01$R)+--)$;<W$X)''+-*1$H,E)<$C-$.#)00<$F$%,)'($2&,()$%"#$#+.,($+00)005)-*$"%$."0*49,'(%,#)$#)/"3)#7$."*)-*,+'$,-$0+2)8#&06$+-($.,c"-4T&-,.)#$)/"070*)50$,-$*6)$B#)+*$Y+0,-:$S3+'&4+*,-2$#)0,',)-/)$*"$(,0*&#8+-/)$+-($#)0,0*+-/)$*"$,-3+0,3)$+--&+'$2#+00)0$+-($.#)(,/*,-2$3)2)*+*,"-$#)0."-0)<$B)-<$A)/6<$G).<$GHGD4BAG4ddd<$!"#*$;"'',-01$;\:$I<D<$Q).+#*5)-*$"%$F2#,/&'*&#)1$!"#)0*$D)#3,/)1$G"/E7$H"&-*+,-$G)0)+#/6$D*+*,"-<$ddd$.<

+,)*-./'01.23&'(#'(1)'4)&()"2'5&&#*-.(-#2'#6'7-&1'.28'4-/8/-6)'59)2*-)&':45745;<'4-/86-")'.28'=2>.&->)'=2-(-.(->)'4#"3-29'?"#%,'6#"'8)>)/#,-29'(1-&'-22#>.(->)'&(".()9@A

6