Science Starter 4/10
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Transcript of Science Starter 4/10
Science Starter 4/10True or false
Ice wedging only occurs in winter. The layers of soil are called horizons. The darker the soil the less organic matter it in it. Humus is a man made, non-organic matter that
is in soil. Soil profiles all over the world are the same.
Answers FALSE TRUE FALSE FALSE FALSE
Foldable wordsPicture, Definition, and example
Chemical weathering Mechanical weathering Humus Soil Horizons Texture of soil Pore Space of soil
Stop Treating Soil Like Dirt!Let’s explore this very important part of
your life.
What is Soil?Soil is a mixture of four materials:• Weathered rock• Organic matter (remains of plants and animals)
• Water• Air
Water (~25%)
Air (~25%)Rocks
(Minerals)(~45%)
Organic Matter (leaves, plant roots, etc)
(~5%)
Soil Components
Q: What’s the difference between soil and dirt?
A: Location, location, location!
• Dirt is what you find on the floor.• Soil is what you find in the ground (the top layer of the Earth’s surface).
http://www.mii.org
Why the color?http://www.msstate.edu http://www.cs.cmu.edu
Hematite: red Goethite: yellowish brown
Ferrihydrite:reddish brown
http://www.beg.utexas.edu
Calcite: off white
http://www.pitt.edu
Quartz:white
Organic matter:black
http://www.organicgardeninfo.com
A horizon: organic coatings
B horizon: Iron coatings
C horizon: little coating
Soil Color by Horizon
http://nesoil.com
Soil Color Variation
Soil Color – Variation by GeographyRed soils: Southeast US
Soil Color – Variation by Geography
Brown/black soils: Midwest
http://www.scienceclarified.com
Soil Color – Variation by Geography
White (gypsum) sands: New Mexico
Soil Size
http://school.discoveryeducation.com
Fine Texture - Clay
https://www.soils.org/lessons
Course Texture - Sand
https://www.soils.org/lessons
Thien, 1979
Fun Fact: There are over 20,000 different soil types of soil recognized in the
US alone!!!!
The kind of soil that forms in an area depends on MANY factors, including: The kind of rock in the area The area’s climate The landforms in the area (mountains) Time The animals and other organisms in the area
The kind of soil determines what you can growin it, what you can build on it, and whathappens to therainwater that falls on it.
Property Sand Top-soil ClayWater holding Low Med-high HighNutrient supplying Poor Med-high High
Does the Type of Soil Matter?
Yes!! Some soils are stronger for buildings, some hold nutrients better.
Without soil, there would be no jeans. That's right! Jeans are made of cotton denim
stitched together with cotton thread. Their blue color comes from indigo dye. Cotton and indigo come
from plants that need soil to grow.