Science Iiiiiiiiiii
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Transcript of Science Iiiiiiiiiii
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8/6/2019 Science Iiiiiiiiiii
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INTRODUCTION
Hi! Are you bored? My name is
Spongebobsquarepants.
Whats your name?
If you are, you should read this, its really fun.
I will be your instructor for this module. So will you be
my friend.
First I want you tell you about gas.
Well, gas is every were you cant see them but you can
feel them.
Did you know that gas is very vital to us human. For
example, if theres no gas we cant breath for short we
will die. Because the oxygen we breath is an example
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Wow, I fell alive. Do you fell the same way?
Now, because we have known each other lets start our
lesson.
LESSON I: PROPERTIES OF GASES
We will now discuss the properties of gas. The following are
the properties of gas.1.) Diffusion
A gas spreads throughout the space available to it.
Based from the illustration if you open gage the
molecules of gas spreads throughout.
Now you know what is diffusion let us move on.
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Wow that was really fun. How about you, are you enjoying
this? If not lets try this exercise:
From your right hand make a square shape, while the other
hand point you finger up and down. Now do them both at the same
time. Is that challenging.
Next property of gas is . . . . .
2.) Pressure of a GasA gas exert pressure.
Base from the illustration, you see that gas exert pressure its
because that gas produced force to spread the thoroughly.Do have some ideas about the illustration, if have please tell
me what it is. Dont be shy tell me.
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Are you still bored? Well dont be. I am sure that the
next topic well make you alive.
No more talking . . . I will tell you what is the next
property of gas.
3.)Expansibility of a Gas
A gas increases or decreases in volume as the
temperature rises or falls. In other words, a gas expands or
contracts as it become warm or cold.
Do you see the picture. What do you see? . . . . Thats
right, the balloon contract in the cold beaker while in the hot
beaker it expand.
Are you awake now? Good, do you have any more
questions. If there is no more let us move on.
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4.) Compressibility of a GasA gas can be reduced in volume (that is,
compressed) when pressure is applied on it.
What do you whats inside the container? Thats right it is agas. How much gas does it contain? Youre right again, there are many
gas inside the container. Why do you think so? Wow! Youre right
again, it is because there are compressed gas in the container.
Well that all that I know. You should research more about the
properties of gas.
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Doing some activity will make you alive. So do this activity . .
Activity no. 1
You will need these materials:
10 balloon (different in shapes) syringe
Hot and cold water air pump
Cologne Bottles
Set up no. 1
Put the hot and cold water in separate bottles. Put one
balloon in each container. Explain what happen to the balloons.
Set up no. 2Using the different shaped balloons put some air in the
balloons using the air pump. What does this means.
Set up no.3
Using the air pump put air to the balloons. Dont stop till the
balloon burst. What does this shows.
Set up no.4
Using a sprayer, spray the cologne far away. Did you smell
the cologne? Why that this happened?
Set up no. 5
Use a inflated balloon, then compress it after that graduallyuncompress it. Using the syringe, blocked the tip of and push the
pumper with all of your force. Explain what does it show.
Questions:
What are the properties of gas described each set up?
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Assessment No.1 :
We will see if you have learned something. Answer this
1.)
4.)
2.)
5.)
3.)
1.) A gas spreads 4.) Gas ________
throughout the space available 5.) ________
to it. when compresses.
2.) A gas can be reduced involume when pressure is applied
on it.3.)What happened if gas is
heated?
Wow! That was dozy. Im glad that was over.
Turn to page 24 to know your score.
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Let have some fun with our new topic . . . . .
Lesson II: Gas Law
Did you know that . . . . . .
Boyles law
Robert Boyle (1627-1691),is an English Chemist,
discovered in the Seventeenth century that at constant
temperature, the volume of a fixed mass of a gas is
inversely proportional to the gas pressure. This statementis known a Boyles Law. Mathematically, Boyles Law can
be written as
or P1V1=P2V2
Where: P1=Initial Pressure V1= Initial Volume
P2= New Pressure V2= New Volume
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This illustration means that if V1 decrease ,P2 increases
so thus V2 and P1.
Example:
A gas occupies a volumes of 575mL at a pressure of
742mmHg. If the pressure is reduced to 705mmHg at
constant temperature, what is the resulting volume of the
gas?
Given: V1=575mL P2=705mmHg
P1=742mmHg V2=?
Solution:
P2V2=P1V1 -Original formula
V2=(P1V1)/P2 -Transpose P2 to the other side
V2=(742mmHg X 575mL)/705mmHg Substitutes their
original value
V2=(426650mmHgmL)/705mmHg Multiply the
742mmH by 575mL and divide it
by 705mmHg while you cross
out the same unit
V2=605mL - is the resulting volume of thegas.
Now you know about the Boyles Law lets move on.
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The last time, you did great.
Here are another problem to solve . . . .
Assessment no.2
Direction: Find the unknown value.
1.) P1=715mmHg V1=600.0mL P2=698mmHg V2=?2.) P1=1.02atm V1=500.0mL V2=623.87mL P2=?3.) V1=0.534L P2=525mmHg V2=0.635L P1=?4.) P1=1atm V2=123mL P2=.5atm V1=?5.) P1=.25atm V2=536mL P2=.75atm V1=?Turn to page 24 to know you answer is correct.
Was that very easy? I now that was a piece of cake.
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Im sure that youll do fine in this new lesson.
B.) Charles Law
Jacques Charles (1746-1823), a French Chemist discovered in
1787 that at constant pressure, the volume of a given mass is
directly proportional to its absolute temperature. This law, known as
Charles Law is expressed mathematically as:
V1T2=T1v2
Where : T1=Initial Temperature V1= Initial VolumeT2= New Temperature V2= New Volume
Note: T(K)=T(0C)+273
Cold Hot
The picture shows that if the temperature decreases so thus
the volume and if the temperature increases so thus the volume.
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Example:
A sample of oxygen gas occupies a volume of 1,80L at 250C.
If the pressure is held constant, what volume does the gas occupy
at 30oC?
Given: V1= 1.80L T1=25oC+273=298K
T2=30oC+273=303K V2=?
Solution:
V1T2=T1V2 -Original Formula
V2=(V1T2)/ T1 -Transform to the formula to
get V2 (Substitutes T1 tothe other side of the
equation)
V2=(1.80L X 303K)/298K -Substitutes the value to their
equivalent
V2=(545.40LK)/298K -Multiply the 1.80L by 303K
V2=(545.40LK)/298K -Divide the product by 298K
and cross out the same
units.
V2=1.83L - The volume does the gas
occupy at 30oC
Im so happy that you have done well.
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Assessment No 3.
Direction: Solve the problem.
A sample of nitrogen gas occupies a volume of 2.50L at
25OC. If the pressure is held constant, what volume does the gas
occupy at 35OC?
Turn to page 24 to see answer.
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Wow, its a great day. What do you think? Now we
will have a new topic for today. And it is . . . .
C. Amontons Law
Amontons Law, named after Guillaume Amontons,
states that at constant volume, the pressure of a given mass
of a gas is directly proportional to its absolute temperature.
This statement can be written mathematically as:
or P1/T1=P2/T2
Where : T1=Initial Temperature P1= Initial PressureT2= New Temperature P2= New Pressure
Note: T(K)=T(0C)+273
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Example:
A steel tank contains an amount of helium gas at
25OC and 1.02atm. To what temperature in OC should the
tank be subjected so that the pressure would increase to
1.30atm?
Given: T1=25Oc + 273 = 298K P2=1.30atm
P1=1.02atm T2=?
Solution:
P2/T2=P1/T1 -Original Formula
T2=(T1P2)/ P1 -Transform to theformula to get T2
(Substitutes P1 to the
other side of the
equation)
T2=(1.30atm X 298K)/1.02atm-Substitutes the value
to their
equivalent
T2=(380atmK)/1.02atm -Multiply the 1.80L by
303K
T2=(380atmK)/1.02atm -Divide the product by
298K and cross out
the same units.
T2=380K-273=107OC - The volume does the
gas occupy at 30oC
Bravo. . .bravo . . .you have done well. I think that
youre a genius.
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Assessment No.4
Direction: Answer the following questions.
1.) According to Amontons, what is the relation betweenpressure and temperature?
2.) What is the name of the scientist that studied about therelationship between pressure and temperature?
3.) Give the formula for the Amontons Law?4.) What is constant variable in Amontons Law?5.) What does P1 stand for?
Turn to page 24 to know your score.
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D.) Combined Gas Law
Combined Gas Law states that the volume of a fixed mass
of a gas is directly proportional to its absolute temperature and
inversely proportional to its pressure. Mathematically, the law can
be expressed as:
P1V1/T1=P2V2/T2
Where : T1=Initial Temperature P1= Initial Pressure
T2= New Temperature P2= New PressureV1= Initial Volume V2= New Volume
Note: T(K)=T(0C)+273
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Example:
Dry air is injected into 9.00mL cylinder at a temperature of
23OC under a pressure of 735mmHg. The air is compressed
to7.00mL under a pressure of 1.20atm. What is the final
temperature of the gas inOC
Given:V1=9.00mL T1=23OC+273=296K
P1=735mmHg V2=7.00mL
P2=1.20atmX760mmHg/1atm=1.20X760mmHg=912mmHg
T2=?
Solution:
P1V1/T1=P2V2/T2 -Original Formula
T2=(T1P2V2)/ P1V1 -Transform to the
formula to get T2
(Substitutes P2 and V2 to
the other side of the
equation)
T2=(912mmHg X 296K X 7.00mL)/735mmHg X 9.00mL
-Substitutes the value
to their
equivalentT2=(380atmK)/1.02atm -Multiply the value of P2 ,
V2 ,T1 and also the value of
P1T1
T2=(1889664mmHgKmL)/6615mmHgmL
-Divide the product of P2 ,
V2 ,T1 by the product
ofP1T1 and cross out the
same units.
T2=286K-273=13OC - Is the final temperature of
the gas inOC
Excellent, you had understand well our topic.
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Assessment no.5
Direction: Answer the questions .
1.) According to Combined Gas Law, what is the relationbetween volume to pressure and temperature?
2.) What are the names of the scientist that studied aboutthe relationship between volume, pressure and
temperature?
3.) Give the formula for the Combined Gas Law?4.) What is constant variable in Combined Gas Law?5.) What does V1 stand for?
Turn to page 24 to know your score.
I think that you got perfect.
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Activity No.2
Directions:
Stand up. Then inhale, after that exhale. Do it 10
times.
Questions:
1.) Why is it if you inhale your chin is expanding?2.) And why is it if you exhale your chin fluctuate?3.) What does this means ?4.) After you the activity what is the relationship
between pressure and volume?
Was that fun? Im sure it is.
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Activity no. 5
Directions:
Get a balloon. Put an air to the balloon. Then put it
to the warm temperature and observe, after that put in the
cool place and observe.
Questions:
1.) What happened to the balloon after you put it toa warm place?
2.) What happened to the balloon after you put it toa cool place?
3.) What does this shows?Wow! You have done well.
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Activity no. 4
Direction:
Get an egg. Boil it, while boiling it measure the
temperature of the egg, then observe.
Questions:
1.) What is happing to the egg?2.) Why do you say so that the pressure of the egg is
rising?
3.) As the pressure is rising what happened thetemperature?
4.) What does this means?
Congratulation! You did great.
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Activity no. 3
Direction:
Get a balloon. Push the balloon inward then
gradually realise.
Questions:
1.) If you compress the balloon, what happen tothe pressure?
2.) If you compress the balloon, what happen tothe volume?
3.) What does this shows?
That was great. Did you enjoy this activity?
You did!
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Key to correctionAssessment no. 1 Assessment no.5
1.) Diffusion 1.) Inversely proportional to2.) Compressibility pressure and directly3.) Expand proportional to temperature.4.) Exert 2.) Robert Boyle and Jaques Cahrles5.) Pressure 3.)P1V1/T1=P2V2/T2
Assessment no.2 4.) none
1.) 614.62mL 5.) Initial Pressure2.) 0.81atm3.) 624.30mmHg4.)
61.5mL5.) 1,608mL
Assessment no.3
Given:
V1=2.50L P1=25OC+273=298K P2=30
OC+273=303K
V2=?
Solution
V1T2=T1V2
V2=(V1T2)/T1
V2=(2.50LX303K)/298K
V2=757.5LK/298K
V2=2.54L
Assessment no.4
1.) Directly proportional2.) Guillaume Amontons3.) P1/T2=P2/T24.) Volume5.) Initial pressure
Eureka! You got it all. Wow! You got perfect, you are a genius.
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S.I.M
(SIMPLIFIED
INSTRUCTIONALMATERIAL)
PREPARED BY:
SEAN G.CEZAR
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