Science from the South Pole Karina Leppik Science Museum of Minnesota September 5, 2003.
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Transcript of Science from the South Pole Karina Leppik Science Museum of Minnesota September 5, 2003.
Science from the South Pole
Karina Leppik
Science Museum of Minnesota
September 5, 2003
Aerial View of Amundsen-Scott South Pole StationFebruary 2003
The South Pole
Astronomy and Astrophysics
Climatology and Aeronomy
Geophysics, Glaciology and Seismology
Dark Sector
Quiet Sector
Clean Air Sector
Objects emit more than one kind of light
X-Ray(image from ROSAT)
Ultraviolet(image from UIT)
Visible(image from
IAC/RGO/Malin)
Infrared(image from 2MASS)
Radio(image from VLA/WSRT)
M33, a spiral galaxy
Receiver Room
TREND Dewar230 GHz Dewar
PoleSTAR Dewar
– Galactic Center• CI (3P1-3P0)
• CO (4-3)
• CO (7-6)
SgrB
SgrA
Why Astronomy at the South
Pole?
Water in the atmosphere
Weather at the South Pole
• Data are binned by week.– Large dots show median
– Thick bar shows 25%75%
– Thin bar shows 10% 90%
– Small dots show maximum and minimum measured values
• Top panel shows PWV as measured by AIR Model 4a balloon flights 1991 to 1996
• Bottom 3 panels summarize hourly NOAA weather data from 1977 to 2001
Week of Year
Climate
• Temperature:– Average annual: -56.9 F – Record high: +7.5 F (December 1978)– Record low: -117.0 F (June 1982)
• Average wind: 12.4 mph• Average pressure: 681.4 millibars• Average pressure altitude: 10,576 feet
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Association
(NOAA)
Other Dark Sector Science:
VIPER, DASI, AMANDA
What do I do?
Liquid Helium Fills
A day in the life of a polie
The dome
The New (Elevated) Station
South Pole Greenhouse
Waste Disposal
The Ceremonial Pole
The Geographic South Pole
90o South Latitude
Other South Poles
90o SouthPole of Inaccessibility
Dipmeter reading 80o at the geographic South Pole
South Polar Axis of Rotation
Magnetic Dip Pole
Geomagnetic Pole
Solar Halos
March 20, 2003: two days before sunsetMarch 20: two days before the equinox
March 23, 2003: one day after the equinox
March 24, 2003:two days after the equinox
Green/Blue Flash: March 26, 2003
Pillar: March 25, 2003
The terminator: the line between night and dayApril 1, 2003
Venus
April 5, 2003: two weeks after sunset
Fisheye image of skyWinter 2001Photo: Chris Martin
Aurora (green)
Mars
Fisheye image of skyWinter 2001Photo: Chris Martin
Aurora
Moon
Q&A