Science Crime Busters Division B. Andy Shaw Sr. Research Biochemist Merck & Co. West Point, PA Ph.D....
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Transcript of Science Crime Busters Division B. Andy Shaw Sr. Research Biochemist Merck & Co. West Point, PA Ph.D....
![Page 1: Science Crime Busters Division B. Andy Shaw Sr. Research Biochemist Merck & Co. West Point, PA Ph.D. in Chemistry University of Illinois 7 years involvement.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062516/56649e5e5503460f94b58473/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Science Crime Busters
Division B
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Andy Shaw
Sr. Research BiochemistMerck & Co.
West Point, PA
Ph.D. in ChemistryUniversity of Illinois
• 7 years involvement with Science Olympiad
• 5 years State Event Supervisor
• 3 years Regional Event Supervisor
• 2005 National Event Supervisor
• 2006 Coaches Clinic Presenter
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Event Parameters
A team of 2 students competes for 50 minutes to analyze crime scene evidence and write a summary of their analysis
Scoring: Qualitative analysis: 50% Physical evidence: 25% Essay of the analysis: 25%
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Rule Changes
• Cheat Sheet!! – Students may bring handwritten notes on both sides of a 8.5 x 11 sheet of paper
• Supervisors will not provide a list of unknowns• Changes to number of unknowns• Changes to polymers tested• Multiple pieces of physical evidence
(fingerprints, DNA, shoe prints, tire treads, and spatters) will be tested
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General Safety Precautions
• Safety! Safety! Safety! Safety! Safety!
• Bring and wear lab coat/apron that cover the knees, OSHA approved indirectly vented splash goggles (over the eyes), pants/skirt that cover the legs to the ankles (no shorts)
• No open toed shoes
• No tasting or touching chemicals
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Equipment Provided by Student
• Small containers/reaction plates• Wood splints or plastic spoons• pH paper• Forceps and microscope slides• Magnet• Hand lens• Paper towels• Pencils• NO CALCULATORS
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Equipment Provided by Supervisor
• Iodine solution
• 1 M HCl
• Paper chromatography materials– chamber, solvent, paperclips, etc.
• Waste container
• Distilled water
• Liquids for density test of polymers
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Unknown Analysis
• Identify metals, liquids, and powders
• Students should be familiar with common uses for each compound
• Students should develop a strategy for identification (see flow charts)
• Some mixtures of powders may be given
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Liquid Identification
Liquid Observation Odor React w/I2 pH
Water Colorless, Clear None None ~6
Ammonia Cloudy, especially after shaking
Sharp, strong
None ~10
Hydrogen Peroxide
Colorless, Clear, Bubbles when shaken
None Bubbles ~6
Lemon Juice Cloudy, yellowish Light None ~2
Rubbing Alcohol
Colorless, Clear Sweet None ~6
Vinegar Colorless, Clear Strong None ~2
Bleach Slightly Yellowish Strong Clears color ~10
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Liquid Identification Flow Chart
No
Yes
No
Yes
Cloudy?
YespH~10?
YesAmmonia
No
pH~2? Lemon Juice
No
Odor?
Yes
Rubbing Alcohol
Yes
pH~2?Yes
Vinegar
No
Bubbles when shaken?
Hydrogen Peroxide
Water
Bleach
No
Sweet?
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Metal Identification
Metal Observations Mag-netic?
Water HCl
Aluminum Gray, Dull, sometimes shiny No No Reaction Delayed reaction
Copper Yellow or Brownish No No Reaction No Reaction
Iron Dark Yes No Reaction Delayed reaction
Magnesium Dull, Light metal No Delayed Tiny bubbles
Immediate violent reaction
Tin Yellowish tinge No No Reaction Little if any reaction
Zinc Shiny, dense (heavy) metal no No Reaction Immediate violent reaction
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Metal Identification Flow Chart
No
Yes
Very tiny bubbles
Yes
Yes
No
Magnetic?Yes
Iron or an Iron Alloy
React w/water? Magnesium
No
React w/acid?Yes
Fast? Zinc
NoNo
Tin or a Tin AlloyAluminum
Yellowish?Copper or a Copper Alloy
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Qualitative Analysis Flow Chart
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Qualitative Analysis Flow Chart
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Polymers
Densities/SP. GR.
1.38
0.90
1.20
0.95
0.92
1.05
1.37
1.16
Name• Polyvinylchloride• Polypropylene• Polycarbonate• High Density polyethylene• Low Density polyethylene• Polystyrene• Polyethyleneterephthalate• Polymethylmethacrylate
Values are approximate
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Densities of Common Solvents
• Water• 10% Salt Water• 20% “ “• 25% “ “• Saturated NaCl• 50% Ethanol/water• 70% Isopropanol• Mazola Oil
1.0g/ml
1.07
1.15
1.19
1.36
0.94
0.93
0.918
Source: Handbook of Chemistry and Physics
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Chromatography• Chromatography results may vary depending on solvent
– For example, isopropanol vs. water– If solvent is provided, use it
• Chromatography samples generally run slow and need to be run longer than students think (15-20 minutes)
Ink samples spotted on filter paper
Isopropanol as solvent
Suspects 3 & 6 computer ink matches computer printout found at scene
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Fingerprint Analysis
At the Division B level, students are expected to match fingerprints, not to use whorl, loop, arch terminology or explain how prints are obtained
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DNA Analysis
At the Division B level, students are expected to match the patterns of bands on a gel that
simulates DNA sequencing
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Hair Analysis
Taken from Science Olympiad website (on last slide).
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Boot Print Analysis
At the Division B level, students are expected
to match the prints
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Analysis of the Crime
• What does each piece of evidence mean by itself?• How does all the evidence fit together?• Make a table:
Steven Michael Daniel Josephine Robert Genevieve
Unknowns X X X X X X
Chromato-graphy
X X X
DNA X X X X X
Prints X X X
X = implicated by evidence
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Tips from the Supervisor
• “A good note sheet is key”– Have a list of chemical reactions, fiber
analysis, types of fingerprints, etc.
• Time is a factor: 33% of teams finshed at regional, 10% finished at state
• Students did best on the powder and fingerprint tests, and struggled on polymer and fiber analysis.
• Practice running chromatography
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Additional Resources
Visit the Science Crime Busters webpage at the Science Olympiad website:
http://www.soinc.org/events/scicrime/index.htm
This has many links to resources that are helpful in preparing for the event.
It also has links to places you can order fiber and polymer kits.