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VOL. 98, No. 2553

SCIENCE

FRIDAY, DECEMBER 3, 1943

Emotions and Gastric Function: DR. HAROLD G.WOLFF .481

Petroleum, Past, Present and Future: DR. PER K.FROLICH .484

Obituary:John Muirliead Macfarlane: DR. WALTER STECK-

BECK.Recent Deaths................................487

Scientific Events:Enlargement of the Laboratory Staff of the U. S.

Forest Products Laboratory; The Pacific Map ofthe National Geographic Society; Destruction ofthe Berlin Herbarium; Meetings of Entomologists;The Informational Service of the Division of Med-ical Sciences of the National Research Council;Royal Society Medalists .. 489

Scientific Notes and News ..... ................. 492

Discussion:Angiotonin or IHypertensin: DR. B. A. HouSSAYand OTHERS. The Triptane Process: DR. VLADIMIRHAENSEL and PROFESSOR V. N. IPATIEFF. Con-cerning Translations of Geological Texts for SouthAmerican Students: DR. WARREN D. SMITH 495

Scientific Books:Chemical Spectroscopy: DR. L. G. S. BROOKER.Temperature: DR. ROBERT B. SOSMAN.496

Special Articles:Desthiobiotin: PROFESSOR VINCENT DU VIGNEAUDand OTHERS. Rations for the Study of the Rela-tive Nutritive Value of Fats and Oils: PROFESSORE. B. HART and OTHERS .497

Scientific Apparatus and Laboratory Methods:The Fractional Cephalin-Cholesterol FlocculationTest: DR. I. ARTHUR MIRSKY and RUBY VONBRECHT. A Technique for Differentiating theCells of the Pituitary of the Rat: MIRIAM REED 499

ScienceNews ............................................ 10

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EMOTIONS AND GASTRIC FUNCTION1By Dr. HAROLD G. WOLFF

CORNELL UNIVERSITY MEDICAL COLLEGE

REVIEWING the life histories of the patients withulcers, Mittelniann and Wolff found that the patientshad been subject to prolonged emotional turmoil, in-volving mainly conflict, anxiety, guilt, hostility andresentment.During periods of experimentally induced anxiety,

hostility and resentment, they found a rise in acidityand increased contractions in the stomachs of all thepatients suffering from ulcer and in many of the nor-

mal subjects. Moreover, they were able to reverse thisprocess and cause a decrease in acidity and motilityby inducing in their patients feelings of contentmentand well-being.

In all the patients with peptic lesions it was possibleto demonstrate a chronological parallelism betweenthe onset, recrudescence and course of gastroduodenalsymptoms, and the occurrence of untoward emotionalreactions. The situations that prompted these reac-

1 Delivered at the New York Academy of MedicineGraduate Fortnigaht. October 11. 1943.

tions were not necessarily dramatic or in the nature ofcrises, but, because of the existing emotional framewithin which they occurred, they had important effectson the patients.To demonstrate that the above-described emotional

states were relevant to the gastroduodenal dysfunctionand peptic ulcers in the particular patients studied,situations were experimentally created which induceddestructive emotional reactions and precipitated symp-

toms when the patient was free of symptoms. More-over, if such effects, symptoms and tissue defectsalready existed, all increased in intensity during suchexperimental procedures. On the other hand, in situa-tions which engendered feelings of emotional securityand assurance, gastric function was restored towardnormal and symptoms eliminated, in those with symp-

toms and abnormal function.The facts of this study emphasize the occurrence in

the same individual of the aforementioned destructiveemotions coupled with increased motility and secretion

VOL. 98 No. 2553