1. Scholastic Bowl
Things to Know

2. Layers of the Earths Crust
The earth is divided into four main layers: the inner core, outer core, mantle, and crust. The core is composed mostly of iron (Fe) and is so hot that the outer core is molten, with about 10% sulphur (S). The inner core is under such extreme pressure that it remains solid. Most of the Earth's mass is in the mantle, which is composed of iron (Fe), magnesium (Mg), aluminum (Al), silicon (Si), and oxygen (O) silicate compounds. At over 1000 degrees C, the mantle is solid but can deform slowly in a plastic manner. The crust is much thinner than any of the other layers, and is composed of the least dense calcium (Ca) and sodium (Na) aluminum-silicate minerals. Being relatively cold, the crust is rocky and brittle, so it can fracture in earthquakes.
3. Layers of the Earths Atmosphere
This picture explains about the mesosphere. The mesosphere is a layer of Earth's atmosphere. It starts about 50 km (31 miles) above the ground and goes all the way up to 85 km (53 miles) high. The layer below it is called the stratosphere. The layer above it is the thermosphere. The border between the mesosphere and the thermosphere is called the mesopause. Most meteors burn up in the mesosphere. A type of lightning called sprites sometimes appears in the mesosphere above thunderstorms. Strange, high-altitude clouds called noctilucent clouds sometimes form in this layer near the North and South Poles. It is not easy to study the mesosphere directly. Weather balloons can't fly high enough and satellites can't orbit low enough. Scientists use sounding rockets to study the mesosphere. The top of the mesosphere is the coldest part of the atmosphere. It can get down to -90 C (-130 F) there! As you go higher in the mesosphere, the air gets colder
4. Time Zones
Time in the United States is divided into nine standard time zones, with most of the United States observing daylight saving time for part of the year. Time zones are: Atlantic Standard Time (AST), Eastern Standard Time (EST), Central Standard Time (CST), Mountain Standard Time (MST), Pacific Standard Time (PST), Alaskan Standard Time (AKST), Hawaii-Aleutian Standard Time (HST), Samoa standard time (SST) and Chamorro Standard Time (ChST).Note: Daylight Saving Time began on March 14, 2010, and returned again to Standard Time on November 7, 2010. Arizona and Hawaii use standard time throughout the year. However the Navajo Nation observes DST throughout its entire territory, including the portion that lies in Arizona. But the Hopi Nation, which is entirely surrounded by the Navajo Nation, does not observe DST.
5. Art--Michaelangelo
Renaissance (1475-1564)
Sculptor, painter, architect, poet.
Italian
Sistine Chapel ceiling
David
La Peita
6. Art daVinci(1452-1519)
Italian Renaissance
Painter, sculptor, architect, engineer, inventor.
Mona Lisa (La Gioconda)
Vitruvian Man
Last Supper
7. Art--Artists
Rembrandt (1606-1669) Dutch painter: self-portraits and historical scenes with chiaroscuro (light against dark) technique.
Jan Vermeer (16232-1675) Dutch painter: use of light and color.
Raphael (1483- 1520) Italian painter
Titian (1487-1576) Italian painter
Hans Holbein (1497-1543) German painter of portraits
Bruegel (1525-69)
Caravaggio (1571-1610) Italian painter
Rubens (1577-1640) Flemish painter
8. Art--Artists
Gainsborough (1727-1788) English portraits & landscapes.
Turner (1775-1851) English landscapes. Dramatic.
Constable (1776-1837) English landscapes. Nostalgic country.
Goya (1746-1828) Spanish. Third of May
9. Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood
1848: England
Group of Englishpainters, poets, designers, and critics including
William Holman Hunt
John Everett Millais
Dante Gabriel Rossetti
Ford Madox Brown
John Wm Waterhouse
William Morris
Edward Burne-Jones
Medieval/historical
10. Art--Impressionism
Ordinary, everyday scenes.
Unfinished looking.
Effects of light and shade.
Renior (french scenes)
Monet (water lilies)
Degas (ballerinas)
11. Art--Pointillism
Tiny dots of pure, contracting colors.
Seurat Sunday on La Grande Jette (on display in Chicagos Art Institute)
12. ArtVincent vanGogh
Post-Impressionist
Dutch (From Holland)
Not popular in his lifetime.
Mentally unstable.
Starry Night
Self-Portrait
Sunflowers
13. Art Abstract Expressionism
1940s-1950s
Very large
Meant to awe viewers and provoke emotions.
Jackson Pollack
Mark Rothko
14. Art--Picasso
1881-1973
Spanish
cubism
Guernica
15. Art Pop Art
Pop art employs aspects of mass culture, such as advertising, comic books and mundane cultural objects.
Andy Warhol
Roy Lichtenstein
David Hockney
16. Mathematical Formulas
17. Celsius to Fahrenheit
Below is the formula to convert a Celsius scale temperature into degrees on the Fahrenheit scale.
Tf = (9/5)*Tc+32; Tc = temperature in degrees Celsius, Tf = temperature in degrees Fahrenheit Assume that you have a Celsius scale temperature of 100 degrees and you wish to convert it into degrees on the Fahrenheit scale. Using the stated formula, you first multiply the Celsius scale temperature reading by nine-fifths and get a result of 180. Then add 32 to 180 and get the final converted result of 212 degrees on the Fahrenheit scale. Below is another accepted conversion method that works just as well and perhaps might be easier to remember. No matter which direction you want to covert, Fahrenheit to Celsius or Celsius to Fahrenheit, always first add 40 to the number. Next, multiply by 5/9 or 9/5 just like the first method. Then, always subtract out the 40 you just added to yield the final result. To remember whether to use 5/9 or 9/5 when converting from Fahrenheit to Celsius or Celsius to Fahrenheit, just simply remember, F (for Fahrenheit) begins with the same letter as Fraction. 5/9 is always a Fraction; while 9/5 is also a fraction, in this form, it is Clearly a whole number plus a fraction (1 and 4/5). Thus, if you want to convert Fahrenheit (F) to Celsius (C), then use the Fraction 5/9; Celsius (C) to Fahrenheit (F), use the other, 9/5, which is Clearly not just a fraction.
18. Newberry Winners--recent
2011 Medal Winner
The 2011 Newbery Medal winner isMoon over ManifestbyClare Vanderpool,
12 year old Abilene Tucker is the daughter of a drifter who, in the summer of 1936, sends her to stay with an old friend in Manifest, Kansas, where he grew up, and where she hopes to find out some things about his past.
19. Newbery Awardsbest YA book
2010 When You Reach Me Rebecca Stead
2009 The Graveyard Book Neil Gaiman
2008 Good Masters! Sweet Ladies! Voices from a Medieval Village Laura Amy Schlitz
2007 The Higher Power of Lucky Susan Patron
2006 Criss Cross Lynne Rae Perkins
2005 Kira-Kira Cynthia Kadohata
2004 The Tale of Despereaux Kate DiCamillo
2003 Crispin: The Cross of LeadAvi
2002 A Single Shard Linda Sue Park
2001 A Year Down Yonder Richard Peck
2000 Bud, Not Buddy Christopher Paul Curtis
1999 Holes Louis Sachar
1998 Out of the Dust Karen Hesse
1997 The View from Saturday E.L. Konigsburg
1996 The Midwife's Apprentice Karen Cushman
1995 Walk Two Moons Sharon Creech
1994 The Giver Lois Lowry
1993 Missing May Cynthia Rylant
1992 Shiloh Phyllis Reynolds Naylor
1991 Maniac Magee Jerry Spinelli
1990 Number the Stars Lois Lowry
20. Caldecott Award best picturebook art
1990 Lon Po Po: a Red-Riding Hood Story from China
1991Black and White Macaulay David Macaulay
1992 TuesdayDavid Wiesner
1993 Mirette on the High Wire Emily Arnold McCully
1994 Grandfather's Journey Allen Say
1995 Smoky Night David Diaz
1996 Officer buckle and Gloria Peggy Rathmann
1997 Golem David Wisniewski
1998 Rapunzel Paul O. Zelinsky
1999 Snowflake Bentley Mary Azarian
2000 Joseph Had a Little Overcoat Simms Taback
2001 So You Want to Be president? St. George David Small
2002 The Three Little Pigs J Caldecott Wiesner David Wiesner
2003 My Friend Rabbit J Caldecott Rohmann Eric Rohmann
2004 The Man Who Walked Between the Towers J Caldecott Gerstein Mordicai Gerstein
2005 Kitten's First Full Moon J Caldecott Henkes Kevin Henkes
2006 The Hello, Goodbye Window J Caldecott Juster Chris Raschka
2007 Flotsam J Caldecott Wiesner David Wiesner
2008 The Invention of Hugo Cabret J Caldecott Selznick Brian Selznick
2009 House In The Night J Caldecott Swanson Beth Krommes
2010 The Lion and the Mouse J Caldecott Pinkney Jerry Pinkney
2011 A Sick Day for Amos McGee, illustrated by Erin E. Stead, written by Philip C. Stead
21. U.S. Presidents
01Washington, George (1789-1797)
02 Adams, John (1797-1801)
03 Jefferson, Thomas (1801-1809)
04 Madison, James (1809-1817)
05 Monroe, James (1817-1825)
06 Adams, John Quincy (1825-1829)
07 Jackson, Andrew (1829-1837)
08 Van Buren, Martin (1837-1841)
09 Harrison, William Henry (1841)
10 Tyler, John (1841-1845)
11 Polk, James Knox (1845-1849)
12 Taylor, Zachary (1849-1850)
13 Fillmore, Millard (1850-1853)
14 Pierce, Franklin (1853-1857)
15 Buchanan, James (1857-1861
22. Presidents
) 16 Lincoln, Abraham (1861-1865)
17 Johnson, Andrew (1865-1869)
18 Grant, Ulysses S. (1869-1877)
19 Hayes, Rutherford Birchard (1877-1881)
20 Garfield, James Abram (1881)
21 Arthur, Chester Alan (1881-1885)
22 Cleveland, Grover (1885-1889)
23 Harrison, Benjamin (1889-1893)
24 Cleveland, Grover (1893-1897)
25 McKinley, William (1897-1901)
23. Presidents
26 Roosevelt, Theodore (1901-1909)
27 Taft, William Howard (1909-1913)
28 Wilson, Woodrow (1913-1921)
29 Harding, Warren Gamaliel (1921-1923)
30 Coolidge, Calvin (1923-1929)
31 Hoover, Herbert Clark (1929-1933)
32 Roosevelt, Franklin Delano (1933-1945))
24. Presidents
33 Truman, Harry (1945-1953)
34 Eisenhower, Dwight David (1953-1961)
35 Kennedy, John Fitzgerald (1961-1963)
36 Johnson, Lyndon Baines (1963-1969)
37 Nixon, Richard Milhous (1969-1974)
38 Ford, Gerald Rudolph (1974-1977)
39 Carter, James Earl Jr. (1977-1981
40 Reagan, Ronald Wilson (1981-1989)
41 Bush, George Herbert Walker (1989-1993)
42 Clinton, William Jefferson (1993-2001)
43 Bush, George Walker (2001-2009)
44 Obama, Barack Hussein (2009-present)
25. Greek Gods
Zeus: Zeus was the ruler and leader of all the Greek Gods. He was the ruler of the sky and ruled and resided on mount Olympus. His Roman God equivalent is Jupiter and in the Hindu religion he is known as Indra. Zeus is the son of Cronus and Rhea, is the husband to Hera, and has fathered 15 children, all of whom were Olympians. The symbols of Zeus were the thunderbolt, eagle, bull and oak.
Jupiter
26. Greek Gods
Hera: Hera is the Goddess of child birth and marriage. She is often said to be the Goddess of women and is the wife of Zeus. Her symbols are the scepter, peacock and diadem.
Juno
27. Greek Gods
Aphrodite: Aphrodite is the daughter of Zeus and is considered to be the most popular deity in Greek culture. She is the Goddess of love, beauty and lust. She is the wife of Hephaestus, and a mother of two, Eros or famously known as the Cupid and Harmonia. Aphrodite is represented by the symbols of scepter, dove and myrtle.
Venus
28. Greek Gods
Apollo: was probably the most learned deity of the Greek culture. He was the God of music, medicine, health, fitness, light and truth. He was also the God of archery and bows. He is always associated with the sun and its light and also said to be the most handsome Greek deity. He is a son to Zeus and is the twin of Artemis. He is represented by the symbols of bows, lyre and laurel.
Apollo
29. Greek Gods
Artemis: She is the twin of Apollo and unlike her brother is associated with the moon. She is also the Goddess of hunting, virginity, wild life and dew. She is represented by the bow, dogs and deer.
Diana
30. Greek Gods
Ares: Ares is considered to be the most violent of all Greek deities. He is theGod of war, bloodshed and murder. He is the son of Zeus and lover of Aphrodite.
Mars
31. Greek Gods
Athena: Athena is the daughter of Zeus and sister to Ares. She is seen by the Greeks as the wisest of all and is the Goddess of wisdom, warfare and reason.
Minerva
32. Gods & Goddesses
Demeter: Often considered to be the deity of the farer, Demeter is the Goddess of fertility, grain, agriculture and harvest. She is a sister of Zeus and the calmest of all deities. She is represented by the symbols of corn, scepter and torch. She is also, many a times considered to be the Goddess of creativity.
Ceres
33. Greek Gods
Dionysus: Dionysus is the God of enjoyment and merriment. He is often represented as a drunk fellow and also governs intoxication of wine, parties, festivals and merry occasions. He is symbolized by grape vine and ivy.
Bacchus
34. Greeks Gods
Hades: Hades is probably the darkest of all Greek Gods, as he is the ruler and God of the Underworld and wealth. He is represented by the Helm of Darkness and a three headed dog. He is also the husband to Persephone.
Pluto
35. Greek Gods
Hephaestus: Hephaestus, often known as the lord of forge, is the God of blacksmiths and all metal workers. He is also the God of technology with so renowned skills that he made the arms and armor of Greek heroes like Achilles. His symbols are the axe, flame and hammer.
Vulcan
36. Greek Gods
Hermes: Hermes Hermes is the God of hives, mischief and travelers. He is a messenger of the Greek Gods and has a humorous knack of playing tricks on people. He is represented by a pair of winged boots.
Mercury
37. Greek Gods
Hestia: Hestia is the sister of Zeus and is the Goddess of homes and hearth. She is the center point of all the homes of Greek civilization.
Vesta
38. Greek Gods
Poseidon: Often known as Neptune, Poseidon is the ruler and God of the sea. He is the one who creates the horses from sea foam and is also the creator of earthquakes. His symbols are sea foam, trident and dolphins.
Neptune