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Scalp & Muscles of face D.Rania Gabr D.Sama. D.Elsherbiny Slide 2 Objectives Identify the superficial and deep muscles of the neck with their origin, insertion, nerve supply and actions. Know the formation (root value) of cervical plexus. Understand the relations of cervical plexus. Know the branches of the cervical plexus. Slide 3 Origin: Sternal head: Sternal head: from manubrium sterni. Clavicular head: Clavicular head: from medial part of the clavicle.Insertion: 1- Mastoid process 2- Superior nuchal line. Nerve supply: Spinal Accessory nerve (cranial nerve XI). SternocliedomastoidSternocliedomastoid Slide 4 Action: A unilateral contraction Bend the head to the shoulder of the same side, so that the face is turned upwards towards the opposite side. A bilateral contraction The anterior fibers:The anterior fibers: flex the head. The posterior fibers:The posterior fibers: extend the head. Slide 5 Slide 6 PlatysmaPlatysma See scalp & face Slide 7 TRAPEZIUSTRAPEZIUS Slide 8 Nerve supply:Nerve supply: Posterior primary rami of C3, 4 (C2-C6) Action:Action: Lateral flexion and rotation of cervical spine Splenius capitis Slide 9 Nerve supply: Posterior primary rami of C5, 6 ACTION Extends and rotates cervical spine Splenius Cervicis Slide 10 Slide 11 Scalenus anterior muscle: from the anterior tubercles of the transverse processes of C3 rd to 6 th to scalene tubercle on the first rib. Scalenus medius muscle: from the posterior tubercles of the transverse processes of the C3 rd to 7 th to the first rib. Scalenus posterior muscle: from the posterior tubercles of the transverse processes of the C5th to 7th to the second rib. Scalene Muscles Slide 12 Action Elevate the ribs during inspiration. A unilateral contraction: (lateral flexion of the neck). A bilateral contraction (ventral flexion of the neck). Nerve supply: (C4-C6). Slide 13 Triangles of Neck Slide 14 Anterior Triangle Subdivision of Anterior Triangle of Neck Slide 15 Posterior Triangle Subdivision of Posterior Triangle of Neck Slide 16 Floor Floor of Posterior Triangle of Neck Slide 17 Muscles of Neck (Suprahyoid Muscles) Slide 18 12 3 1.Mylohyoid. 2.Anterior belly of digastric. 3.Posterior belly of digastric. 4.Stylohyoid 4 Slide 19 Slide 20 Muscles of Neck (Infrahyoid Muscles) Slide 21 Slide 22 Formation: formed by the union upper 4 cervical nerves (C1,2,3,4) Branches: Superficial branches -Lesser occipital nerve (C 2 ) -Great auricular nerve (C 2, C 3 ) -Transverse cervical nerve (C 2, C 3 ) -Supraclavicular nerves (C 3, C4) Deep branches: -Motor to sternomastoid trapezius. -Phrenic nerve -Inferior root of ansa cervicalis Cervical plexus Slide 23 Cervical Plexus Sensory branches of cervical plexus include: Lesser occipital nerve C2 Great auricular nerve C2,3 Transverse cervical nerve C2,3 Supraclavicular nerves C3,4 Slide 24 Cervical Plexus Slide 25 Slide 26