SCAFFOLDING

DEFINITION• “A temporary structure from which persons can gain access

to a place in order to carry out building operation”

• “ A temporary frame usually constructed from steel or aluminium alloy tubes clipped or coupled together to provide a means of access to high-level working areas as well as providing as a safe platform from which to work.”

Contd…

FUNCTION As a working platform - so that the worker can stand on the

platform do the work easily & safely

As a platform for placing material & logistic needed by the workers to carry out their job

As a platform and walking passage - scaffolding support the platform that been used by the worker as their walking path to

transport the material & logistic

IMPORTANCE

• The reason scaffolding has been around for so long and is still used today is because it offers many advantages to the user. Some of these advantages and ultimately the reasons why it is used during construction work can be found by reading on;

Contd…

•   Safety: Scaffolding ensures safety at great heights. Safety is not something construction workers can afford to ignore, and scaffolding ensures workers have a level area to walk across great heights and in turn reduces the risk of falling and injuring themselves or other people in the surrounding area. Safety must be a priority on a construction site; therefore by having scaffolding, it provides a steady, secure location for construction workers to work at great heights.

Contd…

• Position: A big advantage of having scaffolding is the position it puts the workers in. Although height and reach can be offered through ladders, they can often make for an unstable platform. Workers cannot balance correctly with ladders, whereas scaffolding puts the workers directly where they need to be without their safety being compromised.  It is also an advantage that multiple workers can work side-by-side on a site when required.

Contd…

• Access: Scaffolding is a great way of giving workers access to areas they would normally have difficulty first getting to and then working on. Another major advantage scaffolding has is that it provides access to otherwise hard to reach areas, providing workers with the necessary height needed to get the job done.

LINTELS• Definition of Lintels - The definition of a lintel is a horizontal beam

over an opening in a building that carries the weight of the wall above it.

• A piece of wood, brick, steel or stone that lies across the top of a door or window and holds the weight of the structure above it, is called as Lintels.

CLASSIFICATION OF LINTELS• Lintels are classified into the following types, according to the

materials of their construction.

• Timber lintels

• Stone lintels

• Brick lintels

• Steel lintels

• Reinforced concrete lintels.

Timber lintel

It is constructed over temporary wooden centering.

SLAB

SLAB

A flat piece of concrete, typically used as a walking surface, but may also serve as a load bearing structure.

FUNCTION

Provide a flat surface To support load Sound, heat and fire insulator Act as a divider (privacy) for the occupants Upper slab became the ceiling for the storey below Space between slab and ceiling can be used to place

building facilities

TYPES OF SLAB

GROUND FLOOR

UPPER FLOOR

SOLID FLOOR

TIMBER FLOOR

REINFORCED CONCRETE FLOOR

PRECAST FLOOR

Pouring concrete

Concrete Slab Finishing

THANK YOU!