Sc.912.e.6.4 Analyze how specific geologic processes and features are expressed in Florida and...
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Transcript of Sc.912.e.6.4 Analyze how specific geologic processes and features are expressed in Florida and...
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Sc.912.e.6.4
Analyze how specific geologic processes and features are expressed
in Florida and elsewhere.
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Earth Structures - The scientific theory of plate tectonics provides the framework for much of modern geology. Over geologic time, internal and external sources of energy have continuously altered the features of Earth by means of both constructive and destructive forces. All life, including human civilization, is dependent on Earth's internal and external energy and material resources.
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16.3Shoreline Processes and Features
• Chapter 16: The Dynamic Ocean• Online Field Trips• Chapter Quiz• Study Guide Summary (PowerPoint presentation)• Web Quest: Will I Be Treading Water?• Web Resources
– Ocean Circulation: Links on ocean currents– Ocean Movement: Waves and Tides: Links on ocean waves– Beach and Shoreline Processes: Links on coastal changes
• Animations
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DAY1
• How are sediments along the shoreline moved?
• By which processes do shoreline features form?
• What structures can be built to protect a shoreline?
• What is beach nourishment?
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Key Terms:
• Wave refraction– The bending of waves
• Spits– Elongated ridge of sand
• Tombolos– Ridge of sand that connects an island to the
mainland or another island
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Key Terms:
• Sandbar– A ridge formed by ocean currents depositing
sand near the shore.
• Beach nourishment– Addition of sand to the beach
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Forces Acting on the Shoreline A beach is the accumulation of sediment
found along the shore of a lake or ocean.
16.3 Shoreline Processes and Features
Waves along the shoreline are constantly eroding, transporting, and depositing sediment. Many types of shoreline features can result from this activity.
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Forces Acting on the Shoreline Wave Impact
16.3 Shoreline Processes and Features
• The impact of large, high-energy waves against the shore can be awesome in its violence. Each breaking wave may hurl thousands of tons of water against the land, sometimes causing the ground to tremble.
Abrasion• Abrasion is the sawing and grinding action of rock fragments in
the water.
• Abrasion is probably more intense in the surf zone than in any other environment.
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CHAPTER HOME
Waves affect the shoreline by eroding and
depositing materials.
CHAPTER
SECTION OUTLINESECTION OUTLINE
VOCABULARY
Sea cliffs, sea caves, sea arches, and sea stacks
result from shoreline erosion.
16.3 Shoreline Features1616 Wind, Waves, and Currents
Longshore current
Sea cliff
Sea arch
Sea stack
beach
sandbar
fjord
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Look at this picture:
What could have caused this?Why is it so smooth?What will most likely happen to the trees on top of this cliff?
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DAY 2
• Fill in the following concept map
Wave Refraction
causes this on headlands
is defined asCauses this in bays
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Forces Acting on the Shoreline Wave Refraction
16.3 Shoreline Processes and Features
• Wave refraction is the bending of waves, and it plays an important part in the shoreline process.
• Because of refraction, wave energy is concentrated against the sides and ends of headlands that project into the water, whereas wave action is weakened in bays.
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Wave Refraction
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• What is wave refraction and what are its effects?
deposition
erosion
Bending of waves
Wave Refraction
causes this on headlands
is defined asCauses this in bays
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DAY 3
Depositional Features
Match term to area in pictureSpits, Bars and Tombolos
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Longshore current
CHAPTER HOME
Waves affect the shoreline by eroding and
depositing materials.
CHAPTER
VOCABULARY
Sandbars, spits, baymouth bars, hooks, lagoons,
and barrier islands result from shoreline deposition.
16.3 Shoreline Features1616 Wind, Waves, and Currents
Baymouth bar
Lagoon Spit
beach
sandbar
fjord
SECTION OUTLINESECTION OUTLINE
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Depositional Features Spits, Bars, and Tombolos
Shoreline Processes and Features
• Where longshore currents and other surf zone currents are active, several features related to the movement of sediment along the shore may develop.
- A spit is an elongated ridge of sand that projects from the land into the mouth of an adjacent bay.
- A baymouth bar is a sandbar that completely crosses a bay.
- A tombolo is a ridge of sand that connects an island to the mainland or to another island.
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Evolution of Shoreline Features
Match term to area in picture;Spits, Bars and
Tombolos
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Depositional Features Barrier Islands
16.3 Shoreline Processes and Features
• Barrier islands are narrow sandbars parallel to, but separate from, the coast at distances from 3 to 30 kilometers offshore.
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Barrier Islands
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DAY 4
• Create a Venn Diagram for helpful and harmful effects of
Beach Nourishment
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Stabilizing the Shore Protective Structures
Shoreline Processes and Features
• Groins, breakwaters, and seawalls are some structures built to protect a coast from erosion or to prevent the movement of sand along a beach.
Beach Nourishment• Beach nourishment is the addition of large quantities of sand to
the beach system.
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Miami Beach Before and After Beach Nourishment
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Day 4
• FCIM Assessment