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Full of Full of HotHot Air AirAn Interactive Family Forum An Interactive Family Forum
on on Global WarmingGlobal Warming
byby
Stephanie Radi Stephanie Radi Charlie TrautmannCharlie Trautmann
SciencenterSciencenterIthaca, NY USAIthaca, NY USA
Is there a difference between Is there a difference between weather and climate?weather and climate?
1.1. YesYes
2.2. NoNo
3.3. UnsureUnsure
Yes N
o
Unsu
re
80%
0%
20%
0
Answer Now
What is the difference What is the difference between weather between weather
and climate?and climate?• WEATHER: Wind, temperature, rain – WEATHER: Wind, temperature, rain –
things that change daily. things that change daily.
• CLIMATE: The average weather over many CLIMATE: The average weather over many years. years.
Is the Earth warming?Is the Earth warming?
• YES! The Earth is warmer now than in YES! The Earth is warmer now than in the past 1,000 years.the past 1,000 years.
• The average surface temperature has The average surface temperature has risen 0.6risen 0.6° ° C (1C (1° F)° F) in the past century. in the past century.
Temperature Is Rising…Temperature Is Rising…Jo
nes,
P.D
. and
Mob
erg,
A. (
2003
) "H
emis
pher
ic a
nd la
rge-
scal
e su
rfac
e ai
r te
mpe
ratu
re v
aria
tions
: An
ext
ensi
ve r
evis
ion
and
an u
pdat
e to
200
1". J
ourn
al o
f Cl
imat
e, 1
6, 2
06-2
23.
Do You Think Global Warming Do You Think Global Warming Will Affect Your Life?Will Affect Your Life?
Yes N
o
Unsu
re
80%
0%
20%
1.1. YesYes
2.2. NoNo
3.3. UnsureUnsure
58
Answ
er now
How Does the Earth How Does the Earth Receive Receive Heat??
The “Greenhouse Effect”The “Greenhouse Effect”w
ww
.bri
tain
4ki
wik
ids.
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tml
Why is the Earth Warming?Why is the Earth Warming?
We are putting greenhouse gases We are putting greenhouse gases
into the atmosphere.into the atmosphere.
Why Are Greenhouse Gases Why Are Greenhouse Gases Increasing?Increasing?
• We burn fossil fuels (coal, gas, oil) to:We burn fossil fuels (coal, gas, oil) to:– Make powerMake power– Run our carsRun our cars– Heat our homesHeat our homes
• Whenever we burn fossil fuels, we create Whenever we burn fossil fuels, we create greenhouse gasesgreenhouse gases
We Are Releasing More Carbon Dioxide (CO2) Over Time
Mar
land
, G., T
.A. B
oden
, and
R. J
. And
res.
200
3. "
Glo
bal,
Regi
onal
, and
Nat
iona
l CO
2 Em
issi
ons.
" In
Tre
nds:
A C
ompe
ndiu
m o
f D
ata
on G
loba
l Cha
nge.
Car
bon
Dio
xide
Inf
orm
atio
n An
alys
is C
ente
r, O
ak R
idge
Nat
iona
l Lab
orat
ory,
U.S
. D
epar
tmen
t of
En
ergy
, Oak
Rid
ge, T
enn.
, U.S
.A.
Greenhouse Gases Come From:Greenhouse Gases Come From:
This
fig
ure
was
pre
pare
d by
Rob
ert
A. R
ohde
fro
m p
ublic
ly a
vial
able
dat
a an
d is
par
t of
the
Glo
bal
War
min
g Ar
t pr
ojec
t.
Electric Power, 21%
Industry, 17%
Transportation, 14%
Agriculture, 13%
Creating fuels, 11%
Heating, 10%
Other, 14%
Temperature and Carbon Temperature and Carbon Dioxide Are Rising TogetherDioxide Are Rising Together
Which of the following is NOT a Which of the following is NOT a greenhouse gas?greenhouse gas?
Car
bon Dio
xide
Wate
r Vap
or
Oxy
gen
Met
hane
0% 0%
50%50%
46
1.1. Carbon DioxideCarbon Dioxide
2.2. Water VaporWater Vapor
3.3. Oxygen Oxygen
4.4. MethaneMethane
A n s we r
N o w
Global Warming Global Warming is Causing Many is Causing Many Changes on EarthChanges on Earth
Clues about how Clues about how the Global Climate the Global Climate
is Warmingis Warming
#1: Melting Polar Ice#1: Melting Polar Ice
February 17, 2002February 17, 2002
ww
w.e
xplo
rato
rium
.edu
16 days 16 days laterlater
Larsen B Ice Shelf - Antarctica
# 2: Melting Glaciers# 2: Melting GlaciersJu
ly 7
th, 1
909
by U
lyss
es S
herm
an G
rant
, USG
S ph
oto
libra
ry, p
ublic
dom
ain
[2]
Aug
ust 11
, 20
04 b
y Br
uce
F. M
olni
a, U
SGS,
pub
lic d
omai
n
#3: Disrupted Ecosystems#3: Disrupted Ecosystems
Bleaching of the Bleaching of the Great Barrier ReefGreat Barrier Reef
NO
AA
Copy
right
(c)
200
4 Ric
hard
Lin
g
Healthy CoralHealthy Coral
#3: Disrupted Ecosystems#3: Disrupted Ecosystems
Belief: The golden toad is now Belief: The golden toad is now extinct because of loss of habitat extinct because of loss of habitat
caused by global warmingcaused by global warming
US
Fish
and
Wild
life
Serv
ice
#4: Increased Hurricane Activity#4: Increased Hurricane Activity
FACT: 2005 - Most Category 5 hurricanes in FACT: 2005 - Most Category 5 hurricanes in the Atlantic Oceanthe Atlantic Ocean
This
imag
e is
a w
ork
of t
he N
atio
nal O
cean
ic a
nd A
tmos
pher
ic A
dmin
istr
atio
n,
take
n or
mad
e du
ring
the
cour
se o
f an
em
ploy
ee's
off
icia
l dut
ies.
#5: Heat Waves#5: Heat Waves
FACT: 2003 heat wave killed FACT: 2003 heat wave killed at least 35,000 Europeans at least 35,000 Europeans
http
://e
arth
obse
rvat
ory.
nasa
.gov
/Nat
ural
Haz
ards
/nat
ural
_haz
ards
_v2.
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g_id
=1
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#6: Sea Level Rise#6: Sea Level Rise
FACT: 100 million people live FACT: 100 million people live within 100 cm of above sea level!within 100 cm of above sea level!
This
fig
ure
was
pre
pare
d fr
om p
ublic
ly a
vaila
ble
data
by
Rob
ert
A. R
ohde
.
What Does Global Warming What Does Global Warming Mean for Humans?Mean for Humans?
Change in Change in where where rain falls:rain falls:
– More flooding More flooding
– More droughtsMore droughts
Do You Know Someone Who Do You Know Someone Who Lives Near the Ocean?Lives Near the Ocean?
Yes No
100%
0%
1.1.YesYes
2.2.NoNo
10
A ns we r N ow
Environmental Studies Laboratory, Department of Geosciences, The University of ArizonaAll contents © 2003 Arizona Board of Regents
Now
Environmental Studies Laboratory, Department of Geosciences, The University of ArizonaAll contents © 2003 Arizona Board of Regents
+1 meter
Do You Think Global Warming Do You Think Global Warming Will Affect Your Life?Will Affect Your Life?
Yes N
o
Unsu
re
75%
0%
25%
1.1. YesYes
2.2. NoNo
3.3. UnsureUnsure
59 Answ
er now
How Science is Helping…How Science is Helping…
1.1.Helping us understand Helping us understand how how the climate is changingthe climate is changing
2.2.Creating new waysCreating new ways to reduce to reduce greenhouse gasesgreenhouse gases
And…And…WEWE can make a can make a
difference!difference!
What Can I Do?What Can I Do?
1. Change 5 light bulbs to compact 1. Change 5 light bulbs to compact fluorescentfluorescent
• Use ¼ as much energy Use ¼ as much energy
• If every household did this, we could cut If every household did this, we could cut 30 million tons of CO2 each year30 million tons of CO2 each year
What Can I Do?What Can I Do?
2. Wash clothes in cold (not hot) 2. Wash clothes in cold (not hot) water, run one less load / weekwater, run one less load / week
• Save 216 kg CO2 per householdSave 216 kg CO2 per household• If every household did this, we could cut 24 If every household did this, we could cut 24
million tons of CO2 each yearmillion tons of CO2 each year
What Can I Do?What Can I Do?
3. Reduce shower time to 5 min + 3. Reduce shower time to 5 min + install a low-flow shower headinstall a low-flow shower head
• Save 193 kg CO2 per householdSave 193 kg CO2 per household
• If every household did this, we could cut 64 If every household did this, we could cut 64 million tons of CO2 each yearmillion tons of CO2 each year
What Can I Do?What Can I Do?
4. Buy a sweater and set your 4. Buy a sweater and set your thermostat to 18thermostat to 18° C (° C (6565°° F) days F) days and 13and 13° C (° C (5555° ° F) at night F) at night
• Save 650 kg CO2 per householdSave 650 kg CO2 per household• If every household did this, we could cut 71 If every household did this, we could cut 71
million tons of CO2 each yearmillion tons of CO2 each year
What Can I Do?What Can I Do?
5. Turn off lights when not needed5. Turn off lights when not needed
• Save 178 kg CO2 per householdSave 178 kg CO2 per household
• If every household did this, we could cut 20 If every household did this, we could cut 20 million tons of CO2 each yearmillion tons of CO2 each year
What Can I Do?What Can I Do?
6. Buy wind-generated (“green”) power6. Buy wind-generated (“green”) power
• Purchase for $20 for 800 kWh / monthPurchase for $20 for 800 kWh / month
• Save 1560 kg CO2 per householdSave 1560 kg CO2 per household
• If every household did this, we could cut 173 million If every household did this, we could cut 173 million tons of CO2 each yeartons of CO2 each year
Putting it together…Putting it together…
If we all did these 6 things:If we all did these 6 things:
• Save $75 per year in energy costsSave $75 per year in energy costs
• Cut 900 million tons of CO2, or 15% Cut 900 million tons of CO2, or 15% of the country’s total CO2 emissions.of the country’s total CO2 emissions.
What Else Can I Do?What Else Can I Do?
Talk to people!Talk to people!
• Let your friends know about global warmingLet your friends know about global warming
• Urge business leaders and politicians to Urge business leaders and politicians to think about the environment as they make think about the environment as they make decisionsdecisions
With everyone’s help,With everyone’s help, We We cancan change the world! change the world!
Questions?Questions?