(SBR) · When 10 mg/L inhibitor was introduced into the SBR process which includes 500 mg/L GAC,...
Transcript of (SBR) · When 10 mg/L inhibitor was introduced into the SBR process which includes 500 mg/L GAC,...
HWAHAK KONGHAK Vol. 38, No. 2, April, 2000, pp. 269-276(Journal of the Korean Institute of Chemical Engineers)
���� ��� � �� ��(SBR) ��� ����� � phenol� ��
�������������*����**��� *** ����†
����� ���� �����*�� ����
**���� ����***(�)�� ����
(1998� 10� 27� � , 1999� 10� 26� !")
Effects of Heavy Metals and Phenol on the Operation of Sequencing Batch Reactor Added Activated Carbon
Sanghoon Lee, Jihun Lim, Chulhwan Park, Sangyong Kim*, Jinyong Park**, Yongmyun Lee*** and Jinwon Lee†
Department of Chemical Engineering, Kwangwoon University, Seoul 139-701, Korea*Korea Institute of Industrial Technology
**Department of Environmental Engineering, Hallym University***Osung Envi-Tech Company
(Received 27 October 1998; accepted 26 October 1999)
� �
� ����� �� � �� (sequencing batch reactor, SBR)� ���� ��� ��� ���� ���. ���
� ��� �� � �� !"# $%& '(��) *+� #,� -.� /0� 12345, 367 8� �
��� ���� 9:� 3;�. SCOD(soluble chemical oxygen demand) <= >?� �3@ ABC��D, EF GH
(adsorption isotherm)� � �IJ EFK(adsorbed loading)L 9$ <=K(apparent loading) MN� O#PJ ��(bio-
logical activity) QRS >L(synergistic effects)T UV3;�. ���-�� � �� ��W �� � �� X
� YZ3;� [C� \ 16% ]^ >?� _�3;�`, Freundlich EF GH� � �IJ EFKL 9$ <=�
SCODK� MNa���, ��� �� �� ]^ >? _�� bS ��� EFKX� cd4, O#PJ �� QRS
>L� ef� _g3;�. '(��) *+� #,� !8hi� jk �� � �� � el� m+(inhibition)
n�� ABC��D, ���� ��3;� [ �o� m+ /0� <=Qp� >LT �KJ�� q�3;�. Pb, Cd, Cr,
phenol� m+$(inhibitor)�� 9:3;�`, Pb� 10 mg/LV O�3r� ���(PK1-3)� 500 mg/L� s83;� jk�
� s83S tW jkC� ]^?� 32.6% _�hi4, Cd jk� 27.2%, Cr jk� 22.3%, phenol jk� 9.4%
]^>?� uu _�hi�.
Abstract − The process of sequencing batch reactor(SBR) added the activated carbon were studied. To investigate the influ-
ence of the activated carbon on the treatment of organic materials and the effects of heavy metals on the process, three differ-ent kinds of granular activated carbons(GAC) were tested. The decrease of SCOD(soluble chemical oxygen demand) was
measured at the different concentrations of the activated carbon. Synergistic effects of GAC on the biological activity in the
SBR were confirmed from the data comparing adsorbed loadings with apparent loadings. When SBR was operated with GAC,
the efficiency of wastewater treatment increased 16%. By comparing the adsorped amount of SCOD estimated from Freund-
lich isotherm and the decrease of apparent loading, biological synergistic effect was confirmed. The inhibition of SBR perfor-
mance from heavy metals or toxic chemicals could be reduced when GAC was added into the SBR process. Pb, Cd, Cr, and
phenol were tested as typical inhibitors. When 10 mg/L inhibitor was introduced into the SBR process which includes 500 mg/L
GAC, the efficiency was increased as 32.6%, 27.2%, 22.3%, and 9.4%, respectively.
Key words: Sequencing Batch Reactor(SBR), Activated Carbon, Heavy Metal, Soluble Chemical Oxygen Demand(SCOD),
Wastewater
269
†E-mail: [email protected]
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2 ¼� 100 mg/L �F3 ¼�f ?y, jG� ¾�Å� fitting�
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�� ¸G PQ ¿l! =(6 �)L�-.
3. �� �
i� ��� ���! 3|}� ·r dq�� s9r?3 ��(6
SCOD ¿l! =� Dè� (à-. fö ç! »{( ¯c;! �
� SCOD �G Dè� (à?y, dq� |}! � #�*+� #
�L�-.
Fig. 2 dq�� Ü·K2E ,%(: F� OD-� ù%� R�
?35, j�f o© iø� .= ¬� /o?3 Dèõ 480 nm!5
ù%� dq� K20 OD-�-. Fig. 2E �)L�, 400-600 nm j
ÑO 1,400 nm jÑ� .l� OD-� L� �� # � C-. d
q�� .l Ü·>, 2bT .1O �T îU Y� )2(6
Û 500 mg/LE � Dè!5� Ö3 Ü· K23 ,%(à-.
Fig. 3� ·r dq�I PK1-3� ��� �! s9r?3 Ü·(à
� ¨, 7x ��� SCOD ¿lE L6Ü) C-. dq� Ü· K2
0 mg/L, 50 mg/L, 100 mg/L, 200 mg/L, R�) 500 mg/L?35, i� �
�� ����� Ð4(à� ¨(0 mg/L) Û 56.5%, 50 mg/L3 Ü·
n ¨ Û 56.5%, 100 mg/L� 65.9%, 200 mg/L� 64.7%, R�), 500
mg/LE Ü·(à� ¨ Û 70.6%� SCOD� ¿l�ô?y, ���
dq�>� ��n�� SCOD #� *+� � ,��- �� �¯
�-. �7� �9 i� ��� ����� Ð4(à� ¨ �8
¯c;! �� c;�T #� $%�?3 9:;� ¿l�8�, i�
��� ���! dq�� ��( $%� c;�T #� $%! ¬
$%� s��ô: ¨�! #� *+� �� ��õ-) °öõ
-. �4� PK1-3� 500 mg/L� K23 ��� �! Ü·f � ¨,
i� ��� ����� Ð4(à� L̈-2 Û 14.1%� #� *+ �
�E Là-.
Fig. 4 ·r dq�I GAC 1240� Ü·(à� ¨� SCOD ¿
Table 1. Specifications of activated carbons tested in the experiments
PK1-3 GAC 1240 ROW 0.8 SUPRA
Molasses number 500 min. 230 350Total pore volume(cm3/g) 1.2 0.85 1.0Moisture(as packed, %) 2 max. 2 2Apparent bulk density(g/L) max. 315 500 min. 350Iodine adsorption(mg/L) 800 - 1100Ash content(%) 7 - 8Density backwashed and drained(g/L) 230 440 335
Fig. 1. Sequencing batch reactors used in this research.
HWAHAK KONGHAK Vol. 38, No. 2, April, 2000
272 �������������������� ����
lE L6Ü) C-. i� ��� ����� Ð4(à� ¨ 59.3%
� #�*+� L6Ü) C?y, dq� Ü· K2� 50 mg/Lx ¨
64.4%, 100 mg/Lx ¨ 71.2%, 200 mg/Lx ¨ 72.9%, R�
) 500 mg/LE Ü·(à� ¨ 76.3%� #� *+� L6Ü) C
-. 6:52 dq�>� ��½�� #� *+� �� ��� �
� � � C-. GAC 1240� 500 mg/L� K23 ��(à� ¨
i� ��� ��:�� Ð4(à� ¨L-2 SCOD ¿l *+� Û
17%%2 ��� �� # � C-.
Fig. 52 ·r dq�I ROW 0.8 SUPRAE Ü·(à� f� SCOD
¿lE L6Ü) C-. i� ��� ��:�� Ð4(à� ¨!
43.8%, 50 mg/LE ��(à� ¨ 35.4%, 100 mg/Lx ¨ 47.9%,
200 mg/Lx ¨ 52.1%, 500 mg/Lx ¨ 60.4%� #�*+� L
6Ü) C?y, dq�>� ��×! � #� *+� � ß�5-.
ROW 0.8 SUPRAE 500 mg/L� K23 Ü·(à� ¨ i� ��
� ��:�� Ð4(à� ¨L-2 Û 16.6%� SCOD #� *+�
��( �� # � C-.
Fig. 3-5!5 dq� ܷ?3 I� SCOD #� *+ ��� �8
dq� ¬�?3 I� SCOD #� *+ ��I8, ��� dq�
�� $%O i� ��� ���M� ,t! �� c;�T dq�
��M ¡� fá8 *O� C 8E HI(: F(6, �íT ¬
>O D� ¿l>� îï(à-. �íT ¬>� ¬ Yì�! �
(6 jG� � C?y, D� ¿l>� i� ��� ����� Ð4
(à� ¨� SCODM dq�-i� ��� ���E Ð4(à� ¨�
SCOD b3 jG� � C-. �E F(6 Ó¸ dq� ¬ Yì�
� j(à?y, Fig. 6! �ºçô-. dq� ¬ Yì�� îïT �
#�! Tt(-) #2� Freundlich ¬ Yì�� °U(à?y,
ÿÿ� dq�! =� ¬ Yì�� r�-� Table 2! �ºçô-.
Table 2!5, Kf(L/g) dq�� ¬V(capacity)� �ºç ¾, �
-� 6�� ¬V� � ß� �?3 #2â C?y, 1/n(unitless)-
� dq� Ö�� ��7(heterogeneity factor) ¤ ¬ �2� 8
Ö35 T% F 0-1 %2�), 0?3 ��� 8�� dq� Ö�
Fig. 2. Color removal from wastewater by activated carbon at 480 nmwavelength.
Fig. 3. SBR treatment with activated carbon PK1-3.
Fig. 4. SBR treatment with activated carbon GAC 1240.
Fig. 5. SBR treatment with activated carbon ROW 0.8 SUPRA.
���� �38� �2� 2000� 4�
���� ��� �� ��� ��� 273
� ��� ��(heterogeneous)I �� �ºÍ-. ¬ Yì�! �(
� PK1-3� ß� ¬V� �� �?3 �º9-. �7� dq� ¬
Yì�� �U(6, 7x ��� ¬õ SCOD �O ��� ç!
5 ¿lõ SCOD �� îï(6, dq� ¬O ¯c;! �� c;�
T �G! =G5 #�L�-. 24fÑð- ù%� �9 Freundlich Y
ì�� jn ¨! 24fÑ� ��fÑ?3 �%(à?¦3, 24fÑ �
F3 ��� SCOD K2 ¼�E ù%(à-. PK1-3! =G5 Fig. 7,
GAC 1240! =G5 Fig. 8, R�) ROW 0.8 SUPRA! =G5
Fig. 9! ÿÿ �ºçô-.
Fig. 7-9 7x ��� ��� ç� SCOD ¿l> ¼�M Freund-
lich ¬ Yì�� �U(6 j� 7x ��� dq�! ¬õ
SCOD �� ¼�E L6Ü) C-. Ð4 ::! ¯c;! �� c
;�T �GL- dq� ¬� � ;� xB�: ¨�!, SCOD ¿
l> k ¬! �� �� < s�� b8() C �� � � C
-. ��! =G5 ¬VÎ� ß� �?3 Dèõ PK1-3� Fig. 2
!5 ±=� # � C-. Ð4 1xë! i� ��� ����� Ð4
(à� ¨, > c;�T �G! �� SCOD ¿l 12 mg/L! ?O
(8�, dq� 500 mg/LE Ü·� ���� SCOD ¿l 48 mg/Là
-. � Ð4 ::! ¯c;� ��! T�(: F� 8i:(lag phase)
O%! C?¦3 SCOD ¿lE 12 mg/L @! ø(8�, dq� ¬
! �� ¿l>� 36 mg/L?35, dq� ¬� ¯c;! �� c
;�T �GL- Û 3@%2 §� xB9A� # � C-. �7� °
D� c;�T #� $% f, ��aI ¯c;� B3Ð ! T�
Fig. 6. Freundlich isotherm curves for activated carbons.
Table 2. Coefficients of freundlich adsorption isotherm calculated fromthe adsorption data
PK1-3 GAC 1240 ROW 0.8 SUPRA
1/n 0.4126 0.7532 0.8387Kf 6.6418 1.7076 1.7734
Fig. 7. SCOD decreased and adsorbed during SBR treatment with acti-vated carbon PK1-3(500 mg/L).
Fig. 8. SCOD decreased and adsorbed during SBR treatment with acti-vated carbon GAC 1240(500 mg/L).
Fig. 9. SCOD decreased and adsorbed during SBR treatment with acti-vated carbon ROW 0.8 SUPRA(500 mg/L).
HWAHAK KONGHAK Vol. 38, No. 2, April, 2000
274 �������������������� ����
(: F� 8i: ��! SCOD ¿l! 2C� � � C� S�)
°öõ-.
Fig. 7-9E L�, fÑ� 8��� dq�! ¬� ¬>� ¿l
(8�, #�� SCOD>� ��( �� � � C-. ��� f
Ñ� 8��� ¯c;! �� SCOD #�� ���y, ��� ç�
SCOD ¿l3, ��ç� SCOD K2M dq� Ö�! ¬õ
SCOD K2 °�! ��� �æ: F(6 ¬õ SCOD� -f D
�: ¨�x ��-. �5, dq�-i� ��� ��� $%� Ð
4 ::� ØÙÚE O2� 9:; 9·!2 ?j() ¬ $%?
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� dq ©�� �� -f c;�T �G *+� ,x � C), c
;�T �G *+� �� -f dq�� dq ©�� ��3 �B
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õ $%� �t� ���, 53 fá8 *OE �ºç $%��)
n � C£-. Table 3� Fig. 3-5� ©öE ::3 (6, dq�� Ü
·(à� ¨� ÿÿ� #�*+!5 i� ��� ���� Ð4(à
� ¨� #�*+� I¦35 ¥0�ô?y, dq� ��3 I� f
á8 *O� ,OI, ��õ SCOD #�*+� ÿÿ� dq� K2
03 �ºçô-. Table 3!5 PK1-3� �, i� ��� ��:�
� Ð4(à� ¨L-2 dq� PK1-3� 100 mg/L� K23 Ü·(
à� ¨ Û 9.4%, 200 mg/L� K23 Ü·(à� ¨ Û 8.2%,
R�) 500 mg/L3 Ü·(à� ¨ 14.1%� #�*+� ���
�� # � C-. ��� dq� �� $%!5� SCOD ¿l� �
8 ¬>�� ���, c;�T dq��� fá8 *O! �� 9
:; �G+ ��I �?3 °öõ-. Fig. 6!5 PK1-3� ��õ
��!5 �íT?3 �o ¬V(��T-;�T ¬�� �¯µ)�
ß� dq�?3 �º98�, D���E �8)5 Dè� ,OI
Table 3!5 GAC1240� -� dq�! îG ¯c;� c;�T f
á8 *O! �� #�*+ ��� � < �?3 �º9-. � î
� dq�� ��T, ;�T ¬V� ��(��2, c;�T fá8 *
O! CB5 -� ,OE �âJ � C- �� �¯�-. >, �
íT?3 î� ��� dq�x8�2 �� #�! D�3 TUn ¨
! DèD �e� pilot scale� Z� �¥E S�?35, �íT ¬
VO c;�T fá8 *OE |t(6 dq�� KLG� n �
�-. � Dè! °U�B� dq�<� Fig. 6O Table 3� |tG �
¨, 53 î�� #� *V� �ºM� # � C-.
Fig. 10-12�8 �7� dq�-i� ��� ��: $%! k´�
Y� 9·�ô� �� 9:; �G *+! =� Dè,O�-. °U
�B� dq�� ¬ Yì�! �G ¬ qV� ß� �?3 N&
� PK1-3�-. Fig. 10� PbE ��(à� ¨�), Fig. 11� CdE
��(à� ¨, R�) Fig. 12 Cr ��(à� ¨� Dè,O�-.
Fig. 10sÅ 12!5 $�T?3 � � CO� Pb, Cd, Cr� K2� 10
mg/L� �! CB5 #� *+� ÿÿ 26.1%, 36.4%, 43.8%35
i� ��� ����� Ð4(à� ¨� 50%, 46.4%, 54.5%L-2
� PBQ� � � C ¾, ��� $!5 g±� ãM ¡� 9:;
L- k´�� �78! Ó¸ ¬�S� ¤ k´� �ì<� ¯c
;� =°O%! ¸G�3 �I �R� �ºÍ-. 6:!, dq��
500 mg/L3 Ü·(à� �! #� *+� ÿÿ 58.7%, 63.6%,
66.1%3 ¸G *O� �S½ �� ���, SCOD #� *+� ��
�ôA� � � C-. � dq� Ü·?3 I� dq ©�� ��
3 I� 9:; ¬O dq�� k´� ¬?3 I� ¸G�� ¿
l3 9:; �G *+� ���ô: ¨�x ��-. ¤, ²�Gq ;
�I phenol! =� 9:; �G *+� Fig. 13! �M C-. k´
�O ðS�83 phenol� 10 mg/L Ü·(à� �! 29.8%35
¯c;� 9:; �G *+� ¸G( ;�R� # � Cô?y, d
q� PK1-3� 500 mg/L3 Ü·(à� ¨� #�*+� 39.2%35
¸G*O� �S×� � � Cô-. � dq�-i� ��� ���
� 9:; �S!2 *+T�8�, k´��� phenolO ¡� ¸G�
� ¬!2 pf *OTR� �ºç ,O� n � C£-.
Table 3. SBR treatment efficiency enhanced by adding granular ac-tivated carbons(%)
PK1-3 GAC 1240 ROW 0.8 SUPRA
50 mg/L 9- 95.1 9-100 mg/L 99.4 11.9 94.1200 mg/L 98.2 13.6 98.3500 mg/L 14.1 17.0 16.6
Fig. 10. SBR treatment with activated carbon PK1-3 and Pb.
Fig. 11. SBR treatment with activated carbon PK1-3 and Cd.
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(à?y, �! dq�� ��� dq�-i� ��� ��:! =�
ijE (à-. °U�B� dq�� e� ·rdq�I PK1-3, GAC
1240, R�) ROW 0.8 SUPRA�-. ·r dq�� oaI °U�
T�µ, U�� ÑTq, {c� U�qO �?B, dq�� ���!
VW X·µ?35 Ý� � C ØÙÚ7Ð 9:; s(! =� $
%� �%qO k´��� ²�Gq ;� Y� ¯c; dq ¸G�
� 9·?3 I� ���� *+ ¸(! =î(: F(6 s9r?
3 ��(à-.
PK1-3� 500 mg/L� K23 ���! Ü·(à� ¨! Û 14.1%,
GAC 1240� 500 mg/L3 Ü·(à� ¨ Û 17.0%, ROW 0.8 SUPRA
E 500 mg/L3 Ü·(à� ¨ 16.6%� 9:; #� *+� ��
×� # � Cô-. �7� 9:; #� *+ ��� �8 ¬>!
�� ��� ���, dq�� Ü·?3 I� ¯c; dq� ��f
À fá8 *OY �� # � Cô?y, ¤� ��M dq� Ö�
� K2 ��?3 I� D �2� ��3 dq�� c;�T {c
*O2 ÑWT?3 HIn � Cô-. °U�B� 3|}� ·r dq
� e�!5 �7� fá8 *OM c;�T {c PQ� �)� �
Cô-. ¤, Pb, Cd, Cr ¡� k´��� phenolO ¡� ²�Gq ;
�� ���ç! Ü·�ô� �, #�*+� ÿÿ 26.1%, 36.4%,
43.8%, 29.8%3 ¯c; dq! ¸G�3 °U�B8 �� HI(
à?y, �7� ¸G *OE �S(: F(6 dq�� 500 mg/L3
Ü·(à� �! ÿÿ #�*+� 58.7%, 63.6%, 66.1%, 39.2%
3 ¸G *O� �S×� �)� � Cô-. ·r dq�� i� �
�� ���! Ü·( $%� Ð4 ::! dq� ¬?3 I
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���
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���� �38� �2� 2000� 4�