SATELLITE OBSERVATIONS OF OZONE PRECURSORS FROM GOME
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Transcript of SATELLITE OBSERVATIONS OF OZONE PRECURSORS FROM GOME
SATELLITE OBSERVATIONS OF OZONE SATELLITE OBSERVATIONS OF OZONE PRECURSORS FROM GOMEPRECURSORS FROM GOME
Randall Martin, Daniel Jacob,Paul Palmer, Qinbin Li
Harvard University Kelly Chance, Thomas Kurosu
Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics
SURFACE OZONE ENHANCEMENTS CAUSED BY SURFACE OZONE ENHANCEMENTS CAUSED BY ANTHROPOGENIC EMISSIONS FROM DIFFERENT CONTINENTS ANTHROPOGENIC EMISSIONS FROM DIFFERENT CONTINENTS
GEOS-CHEM model July 1997
North America
Europe
Asia
Li et al. [2002]
THE GOME SATELLITE INSTRUMENTTHE GOME SATELLITE INSTRUMENT
•Launched in April 1995
•Nadir-viewing solar backscatter instrument (237-794 nm)
• Low-elevation polar sun-synchronous orbit, 10:30 a.m. observation time
• Field of view 320x40 km2, three cross-track scenes
• Complete global coverage in 3 days
USE GOME MEASUREMENTS OF NOUSE GOME MEASUREMENTS OF NO22 AND HCHO COLUMNS AND HCHO COLUMNS
TO MAP NOTO MAP NOx x AND VOC EMISSIONSAND VOC EMISSIONS
Emission
NO NO2
HNO3
lifetime <1 day
NITROGEN OXIDES (NOx) VOLATILE ORGANIC CARBON (VOC)
Emission
VOC
OHHCHO hours
CO
hours
BOUNDARYLAYER
GOME
NO/NO2
W ALTITUDE
RETRIEVAL OF TROPOSPHERIC NORETRIEVAL OF TROPOSPHERIC NO2 2 FROM GOME FROM GOME (errors (errors in 10in 101515 molecules cm molecules cm-2-2))
GOME SPECTRUM (423-451 nm)
SLANT NO2 COLUMN
TROPOSPHERIC SLANT NO2 COLUMN
TROPOSPHERIC NO2 COLUMN
Fit spectrum
Remove stratospheric contribution, diffuser plate artifact
Use Central Pacific GOME data with:•HALOE to test strat zonal invariance•PEM-Tropics, GEOS-CHEM 3-D model to treat tropospheric residual
Apply AMF to convert slant column to vertical column
Use radiative transfer model with:•local surface albedos from GOME •local vertical shape factors from GEOS-CHEM• local cloud info from GOMECAT
O3, O4, H2O, Ring
Quantitative retrieval for partly cloudy scenes
CAN WE USE GOME TO ESTIMATE NOCAN WE USE GOME TO ESTIMATE NOx x EMISSIONS?EMISSIONS?TEST IN U.S. WHERE GOOD TEST IN U.S. WHERE GOOD A PRIORI A PRIORI EXISTS EXISTS
Comparison of GOME retrieval (July 1996) to GEOS-CHEM model fieldsusing EPA emission inventory for NOx
GOME
GEOS-CHEM(EPA emissions) NO/NO2
WITH ALTITUDE
NOx lifetime <1day
BIAS = +18%r = 0.78
GOME RETRIEVAL OF TROPOSPHERIC NOGOME RETRIEVAL OF TROPOSPHERIC NO22
vs. GEOS-CHEM SIMULATION (July 1996)vs. GEOS-CHEM SIMULATION (July 1996)
GEIA & Loganemissionsscaled to 1996
[1016molec cm-2]
GEOS-CHEM GOME
ISOPRENE MAIN SOURCE OF HCHO IN U.S. IN SUMMERISOPRENE MAIN SOURCE OF HCHO IN U.S. IN SUMMER HCHO columns – July 1996HCHO columns – July 1996
r2 = 0.7
Bias = 11%
Model:Observed HCHO columns
GEIA isoprene emissions
[1012 atoms C cm-2 s-1]
Palmer et al.
GEOS-CHEM RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN HCHO COLUMNS GEOS-CHEM RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN HCHO COLUMNS AND ISOPRENE EMISSIONS IN N AMERICAAND ISOPRENE EMISSIONS IN N AMERICA
Use relationship to map isoprene emissions from GOME observationsUse relationship to map isoprene emissions from GOME observations
Palmer et al. [2002]
GEOS-CHEMJuly 1996
NW NE
SESW
Isoprene emission [1013 atomC cm-2 s-1]
model without isoprene
Mod
el H
CH
O c
olu
mn
[101
6 m
ole
c c
m-2
]
ISOPRENE EMISSIONS FOR ISOPRENE EMISSIONS FOR JULY 1996 DETERMINED BY JULY 1996 DETERMINED BY SCALING OF GOME SCALING OF GOME FORMALDEHYDE COLUMNS FORMALDEHYDE COLUMNS [Palmer et al., 2002][Palmer et al., 2002]
GOME
CONSISTENT WITH IN-SITU HCHO OBSERVATIONSGEIA
r2 = 0.53
Bias -3%
GOMEr2 = 0.77
Bias -12%
GOME TROPOSPHERIC SLANT COLUMNS GOME TROPOSPHERIC SLANT COLUMNS DURING TRACE-P (3/15 - 4/15, 2001)DURING TRACE-P (3/15 - 4/15, 2001)
NO2 HCHO
NEXT STEP: COUPLED CHEMISTRY-AEROSOL MODELNEXT STEP: COUPLED CHEMISTRY-AEROSOL MODELRadiative and chemical (uptake HORadiative and chemical (uptake HO22, NO, NO22, NO, NO33) effects of ) effects of
aerosols (SOaerosols (SO44, BC, OC, Dust, Sea-Salt) , BC, OC, Dust, Sea-Salt)
Off-line aerosol fields from Ginoux et al. [2001] and Chin et al. [2002]
GEOS-CHEM March OH
O3
AEROSOLS REDUCE SURFACE OAEROSOLS REDUCE SURFACE O33 AND OH AND OH
GEOS-CHEM August OH
O3
Off-line aerosol fields from Ginoux et al. [2001] and Chin et al. [2002]
CONCLUSIONSCONCLUSIONS
OH and O3 from Aerosols
Isoprene from GOME
NOx from GOME
Intercontinental O3 transport