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Satellite Meteorology at India Meteorological Department Present … · 2020-05-04 · Satellite...
Transcript of Satellite Meteorology at India Meteorological Department Present … · 2020-05-04 · Satellite...
Satellite Meteorology at India Meteorological Department
Present Status and Future Developments
Dr. Suman Goyal
Head – Satellite Applications
India Meteorological Department
New Delhi, India
AOMSUC – 10, 2-7 December, 2019 – Melbourne, Australia
Overview -Planning of Indian satellite systems
AOMSUC – 10, 2-7 December, 2019 – Melbourne, Australia
History
AOMSUC – 10, 2-7 December, 2019 – Melbourne, Australia
Spatial Coverage
INSAT 3D - 82°ECoverage - 10°E to 150°EInstruments – Imager and Sounder
INSAT 3DR - 74°ECoverage - 0° to 140°EInstruments – Imager and Sounder
AOMSUC – 10, 2-7 December, 2019 – Melbourne, Australia
Operational scenario of INSAT-3D/3DR
AOMSUC – 10, 2-7 December, 2019 – Melbourne, Australia
Region B Scan times 0300,0430,0900,1030,1500,1630,2100,2230Region A Scan times 0100,0200,0600,0700,0800,1200,1300,1400,1800,1900,2000
INSAT-3D/3DR Imager channels
Channel no. Spectral Band Spectrum (μm) Ground Resolution
(km)1 VIS 0.55 – 0.75 1 x 1
2 SWIR 1.55 – 1.70 1 x 1
3 MIR 3.80 – 4.00 4 X 4
4 WV 6.50 – 7.10 8 x 8
5 TIR1 10.2 – 11.3 4 x 4
6 TIR2 11.5 – 12.5 4 x 4
AOMSUC – 10, 2-7 December, 2019 – Melbourne, Australia
Current Satellite – Geostationary Imagery
AOMSUC – 10, 2-7 December, 2019 – Melbourne, Australia
Images Generated from INSAT-3D/3DR Imager as per Stakeholder’s Requirements
AOMSUC – 10, 2-7 December, 2019 – Melbourne, Australia
Geophysical parameters/products of INSAT-3D/3DR Imager
AOMSUC – 10, 2-7 December, 2019 – Melbourne, Australia
New Products from INSAT-3D/3DR
• Cloud Top properties and Clear Sky BT products from INSAT-3D/3DR imager
• IR window and IR-WV intercept methods are applied to generate cloud top temperature, pressure and effective cloud amount from INSAT-3D/3DR observations.
• Clear Sky BT products are generated for NWP data assimilation
AOMSUC – 10, 2-7 December, 2019 – Melbourne, Australia
Wind Derived Products from Imager Winds
Relative Vorticity
Convergence Divergence
Wind Shear
AOMSUC – 10, 2-7 December, 2019 – Melbourne, Australia
Water Vapour Wind Visible Wind
Cloud Motion WindLow Level Wind
INSAT-3D/3DR Sounder Channels Characteristics
Detector Ch. No. c
(m)
Principal
absorbing gasPurpose
Long wave
1 14.67 CO2 Stratosphere temperature
2 14.32 CO2 Tropopause temperature
3 14.04 CO2 Upper-level temperature
4 13.64 CO2 Mid-level temperature
5 13.32 CO2 Low-level temperature
6 12.62 water vapor Total precipitable water
7 11.99 water vapor Surface temp., moisture
Mid wave
8 11.04 window Surface temperature
9 9.72 ozone Total ozone
10 7.44 water vapor Low-level moisture
11 7.03 water vapor Mid-level moisture
12 6.53 water vapor Upper-level moisture
Short wave
13 4.58 N2O Low-level temperature
14 4.53 N2O Mid-level temperature
15 4.46 CO2 Upper-level temperature
16 4.13 CO2 Boundary-level temp.
17 3.98 window Surface temperature
18 3.76 window Surface temp., moisture
Visible 19 0.695 visible Cloud
AOMSUC – 10, 2-7 December, 2019 – Melbourne, Australia
Geophysical parameters from Sounder
AOMSUC – 10, 2-7 December, 2019 – Melbourne, Australia
Rapid ScanSOP of Rapid Scan Strategy of Imager of INSAT-3DR has been finalised for conducting it during Cyclone/ specific weather event. It has been successfully carried out for four cyclones i.e. VSCS LUBAN, TITLI, GAJA & ESCS FANI.
Normal mode scan area has been divided into 36 blocks in North-South directions such that:• Each block covers 0.50 in N-S direction. • No of Scan lines for Each block: 40• Time required to scan each block: 45
seconds
Extentofcoverage:6Blocks(3°coveragein234lines)• No.ofrepetitions:6• Timerequired:27minutes• (6blockswith6repetitions)
AOMSUC – 10, 2-7 December, 2019 – Melbourne, Australia
Generation of T-phi gram 709 locations
AOMSUC – 10, 2-7 December, 2019 – Melbourne, Australia
Calibration & Validation Activities
• Calibration Coefficients are being updated on monthly basis in IMDPS system by using
• GSICS corrections of last 30 days dynamically carried out by SAC Ahmedabad.
• IMD has started three calibration and validation activities such as:
a) IN-SITU CAL VAL of INSAT-3D/3DR (Site Selected-Bhuj, Gujarat)[IMD-ISRO]
b) IOGEO Project with Kalpana-1/INSAT-3D[IMD-EUMetSat]
c) Lunar Calibration using INSAT-3D/3DR [IMD-EUMetSat]
AOMSUC – 10, 2-7 December, 2019 – Melbourne, Australia
Cyclone specific Imagery
BD Curve NHC Curve
AOMSUC – 10, 2-7 December, 2019 – Melbourne, Australia
AOMSUC – 10, 2-7 December, 2019 – Melbourne, Australia
Rapid Scan
Observational Data Reception at NCMRWF
NCMRWF
SATMET(53 GB)
GTS
(1 G
B)
Observation data volume per day at NCMRWF from various sources
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
0
2
4
6
8
10
FTP
(G
B/d
ay)
GT
S (G
B/d
ay)
Year
FTP (SAT + RADAR)
GTS(IMD)
2017-18 Updated NESDIS download procedure
2018-19 EUMETCAST Terrestrial
Link Established
Improved the reception of observation: Major improvements in last few years
1.5 km Regional Model
(for specific applications)
12 km Global Modelwith Hybrid 4D-Var DA
4 km Regional Modelwith 4D-Var DA
12 km Global Ensemble Prediction System (NEPS)
with ETKF (22+1 members)
330 m Delhi Fog Model
(only during winter)
Coupled Model (60 km)(NCUM+JULES+NEMO+CICE)With DA for all components
• NCUM Global Model (12km) with
Hybrid 4D-Var Data
Assimilation (Atmosphere)
and Extended Kalman Filter
(EKF) based Land Data
Assimilation
• NCUM Regional Model (4 km)
with 4D-Var Data Assimilation
• Delhi Model (during winter)
(downscaled initial condition) .
Sri Amarnathji Yatra model (1.5
km) (Only during Yatra period),
• 330 m Delhi fog model based on
NCUM (Only during winter)
(downscaled initial condition)
• NCMRWF Global Ensemble
Prediction System (NEPS)
(12 km / 22 +1 members) with
Ensemble Transform Kalman
Filter (ETKF) for Initial
condition perturbations
• Regional NEPS (4 km /11+1
member) (only during specific
events) (downscaled initial
conditions from global NEPS)
• Coupled Model with Data
Assimilation for Atmosphere
(Hybrid 4D-Var), Ocean (3D-
Var),Sea Ice (3D -Var) and
Land (EKF)
NCMRWF Unified Model (NCUM) and Data Assimilation System
4 km Regional Ensemble Prediction System (NEPS)
(11+1 members)
Own Analysis
DownScaled Analysis
Observations Currently Assimilated in the NCUM Global DA System
Conventional
Observations
Satellite ObservationsSatellite Winds (AMV) Scattero-
meter winds
Satellite radiances GPSRO
GEO LEO GEO LEO LEO
IR IR
(Hyperspectral)
MW Bending
Angle
Surface:Land SYNOP, Ship, BUOY, TC BOGUS
SONDE:PILOT, TEMP, WindProfiler, DropSonde, Radar VADwinds
Aircraft:AMDAR, AIREP
1. INSAT-3D 1.NOAA-15 1.ASCAT (MetOp-A)
1.INSAT-3D Sounder
1.IASI (MetOp-A) 1.AMSU-A (MetOp-A) 1. COSMIC-6
2.Meteosat-8 2.NOAA-18 2.ASCAT (MetOp-B)
2.SEVIRI (Meteosat-8)
2.IASI (MetOp-B) 2. AMSU-A (MetOp-B) 2.GRAS-A
3.Meteosat-11 3. NOAA-19 3. Scatsat 3.SEVIRI (Meteosat-11)
3.AIRS (AQUA) 3. AMSU-A (NOAA-18) 3. GRAS-B
4.HIMAWARI-8 4.MetOp-A 4. Windsat(Coriolis )
4.GOES Imager (GOES-15)
4.CrIS (SNPP) 4. AMSU-A (NOAA-19) 4. TanDEM-X
5. GOES-16 5.MetOp-B 5.AHI (HIMAWARI-8)
5. AMSU-A (NOAA-15) 5. TerraSAR-X
6. GOES-17 6. AQUA 6.INSAT-3D Imager
6. MHS (MetOp-A) 6. FY-3C
7. TERRA 7. MHS (MetOp-B)
8. SNPP 8. MHS (NOAA-19)
9. MT-SAPHIR
10. ATMS (SNPP)
11. SSMIS (DMSP-F17)
12. AMSR 2 (GCOM-W1)
13.MWHS (FY3C)
14. GMI (GPM)
Impact of Observations on 24 hr Forecast of Global NCUM (FSO)SW Monsoon (June-July-August-Sept, 2019)
0.0%
0.0%
0.1%
0.2%
0.2%
0.2%
0.3%
0.3%
0.4%
0.5%
0.8%
1.0%
1.1%
1.2%
1.4%
1.5%
1.6%
1.7%
4.2%
4.8%
5.0%
5.8%
9.5%
11.4%
13.0%
15.5%
18.5%
GOESCLR
FY3B
IN3DI
IN3DS
GroundGPS
WINDSAT
Buoy
FY3C
SHIP
SCATSAT
AHI
SSMIS
SEVIRI
MTSAPHIR
AMSR
GPSRO
AIRS
GMI
ASCAT
ATMS
CrIS
SYNOPtot
TEMPtot
Aircraft
SATWIND
IASI
ATOVS
-2.5 -2.0 -1.5 -1.0 -0.5 0.0
Impact per day (J/kg)
Global
JJAS 2019
AOMSUC – 10, 2-7 December, 2019 – Melbourne, Australia
Satellite Applications in Environmental Meteorology
Radar + Lightning +Satellite on single platform
AOMSUC – 10, 2-7 December, 2019 – Melbourne, Australia
IMD -GNSS Network –Present Status
AOMSUC – 10, 2-7 December, 2019 – Melbourne, Australia
Launch date: September 26, 2016
Launch site:SDSC (Satish Dhawan Space Centre),
Sriharikota.
Launch vehicle; PSLV - C35
Orbit: Sun Synchronous, dawn-dusk orbit
Altitude: 720 km
Inclination: 97.4°
Local Time on Ascending Node 6:00 hours
Repetitivity: 2 days
Payloads: Scatterometer
Mission Life: 5 years
Current Polar Satellite – ScatSat-1
AOMSUC – 10, 2-7 December, 2019 – Melbourne, Australia
ScatSat-1 Imagery
HWV(Indian Region) Global AMV
AOMSUC – 10, 2-7 December, 2019 – Melbourne, Australia
Images available at https://www.mosdac.gov.in/data/init.do?mode=initexecute
Visualization - RAPID
Use friendly, web based data visualization platform with GIS overlay and other Probe facilities
AOMSUC – 10, 2-7 December, 2019 – Melbourne, Australia
Facilities and tools
AOMSUC – 10, 2-7 December, 2019 – Melbourne, Australia
Point Time Series
Imagery Analysis with GIS facilities
• McIDAS-V Software
AOMSUC – 10, 2-7 December, 2019 – Melbourne, Australia
Future Satellites Geostationary - GISAT
Every 10 min interval
30-minutes triplet every6 hour for winds
Launch Schedule: 2019, Geostationary orbit, 83EMX-VNIR: Multispectral - Visible Near Infrared, HySI-VNIR: Hyperspectral Imager - Visible Near Infrared,HySI-SWIR: Hyperspectral Imager - ShortWave Infrared, MX-LWIR: Multispectral - LongWaveInfrared.
AOMSUC – 10, 2-7 December, 2019 – Melbourne, Australia
Future Satellites Polar - Ocean-Sat III
Sensors Full name
OSCAT OceanSat Scatterometer
OCM Ocean Color Monitor
SSTM Sea Surface Temperature Monitor
A-DCS Advanced Data Collection System (also called "Argos-3")
Products • Wind Speed near Surface• Sea Ice Type• Snow Cover • Soil Moisture
AOMSUC – 10, 2-7 December, 2019 – Melbourne, Australia
AOMSUC – 10, 2-7 December, 2019 – Melbourne, Australia
INSAT-3DRINSAT-3D
Locations of
Indian Geostationary Meteorological Satellites
74o 82o
AOMSUC – 10, 2-7 December, 2019 – Melbourne, Australia