Sarcoidosis
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Transcript of Sarcoidosis
FactsDr.Wafaa El Metwaly
APRIL 1, 2015
Differential Diagnosis of Granulomatous Lung
Disease
What is Sarcoidosis ?
Causes
Affected Areas
Stages of Pulmonary Sarcoidosis
Symptoms of Sarcoidosis
Treatment
What is it ?
An immune reaction to an infection or some other trigger
(called an Antigen, which may be from one's environment)
that continues even after the initial infection or other
antigen is cleared from the body.
In most cases it clears up by itself without any medical
intervention, but some cases go on to affect the person long-
term or become life-threatening.
The exact cause of Sarcoidosis is
unknown. However, possible causes and
risk factors include:
Having a prior infection
Having a sensitivity to environmental
factors, such as dust
Being African-American
Being a Female
Having a family history of Sarcoidosis
Areas of the body commonly affected by Sarcoidosis include:
Lymph Nodes
Lungs
Eyes
Skin
Liver
Heart
Brain
Bihilar Lymphadenopathy
Pulmonary Sarcoidosis
Cutaneous Sarcoidosis
Ocular Sarcoidosis
Hepatic Sarcoidosis
Heart Sarcoidosis
Stage 1: Bihilar Lymphadenopathy
Stage 2: Bihilar Lymphadenopathy and
Reticulonodular Infiltrates
Stage 3: Bilateral Pulmonary Infiltrates
Stage 4: Fibrocystic Sarcoidosis Typically with
Upward Hilar Retraction, Cystic and Bullous
Changes
General Symptoms May Include:
Fatigue
Fever
Weight Loss
Chronic Joint Pain
Dry Mouth
Nasal Bleeding
Abdominal Swelling
Lung Symptoms May Include:
A Dry Cough
Shortness of Breath
Chest Pain
Skin Symptoms may include:
Skin Rash
Skin Sores
Hair Loss
Raised Scars
Nervous System Symptoms May Include:
Seizures
Facial Weakness
Headaches
Eye Symptoms may include:
Dry Eyes
Itchy Eyes
Vision Loss
Burning Sensation
Eye Discharge
1. Chest X-Rays: This test provides a picture of
the lungs, heart and surrounding lymph nodes,
2. Biopsy: A definitive diagnosis requires a biopsy
of non-necrotizing granulomas.
3. CT Scan
4. Purified Protein Derivative
5. Slit-Lamp Examination
6. Blood Tests
About 60 to 80 percent of Sarcoidosis cases are
self-limiting, meaning that they disappear, at
least partially, without intervention, usually
within 2 to 3 years
Most persons only require symptomatic
treatment with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory
drugs (NSAIDs) like ibuprofen or aspirin
Corticosteroids, most commonly prednisone or
prednisolone
Severe symptoms are generally treated with
corticosteroids although steroid-sparing agents
such as methotrexate.
Immunosuppressants
Cutaneous disease may be successfully managed
with antimalarials (such as Chloroquine)
Colchicine