SAP HANA Overview

InfoVille Solutions India Pvt LtdSAP HANA Overview

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Applied to –SAP HANA 11

Company –InfoVille Solutions India Pvt Ltd

Created On –April 2016


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SAP HANA Overview – SAP HANA, short for “High-Performance Analytic Appliance” is an in-memory, column-oriented,

relational database management system developed by SAP.

SAP HANA is nothing but Hybrid database which means it is RDBMS [Traditional Database] that

completely resides with in memory.

Data now resides in main-memory (RAM) and no longer on a hard disk.

It is a combination of hardware and software made to process massive real time data using In-Memory

computing.

It combines row-based, column-based database technology.

An in-memory database means all the data is stored in the memory (RAM). No time wasted in loading

the data from hard-disk to RAM or storing the data in hard-disk. Everything is stored inside memory for

all the time, which gives quick access ability to the CPUs while processing data.


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Why SAP Hana? –

To overcome the limitation of operation reporting we went to SAP BW. To work SAP BW efficiently we maintain two systems SAP BWA and Database Layer so they comes with new Product called SAP HANA.

Reasons Customers Choose SAP HANA –

1. Speed – SAP HANA manages massive data volume at high speed

2. Real Time – SAP HANA manages massive data volume at high speed and real-time enterprise solutions.

3. Any Data – SAP HANA helps you to gain insights from structured and unstructured data. SAP HANA integrates structured and unstructured data from internal and external sources, and can work on detailed data without aggregations.

4. Any Source – SAP HANA provides multiple ways to load your data from existing data sources into SAP HANA. SAP HANA can be integrated into a wide range of enterprise environments, allowing it to handle data from Oracle databases, Microsoft SQL Server, and IBM DB2.

5. Analysis – Using SAP HANA we can done Predictive Analysis, Trend Analysis, Complex Analysis and Intelligent Analysis.


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Need for SAP HANA –Today, most successful companies respond quickly to market changes and new opportunities. A key to this is

the effective and efficient use of data and information by analyst and managers.

HANA overcomes the limitations mentioned below −

Due to increase in “Data Volume”, it is a challenge for the companies to provide access to real time data

for analysis and business use.

It involves high maintenance cost for IT companies to store and maintain large data volumes.

Due to unavailability of real time data, analysis and processing results are delayed.

SAP HANA Vendors –

SAP has partnered with leading IT hardware vendors like IBM, Dell, Cisco etc. and combined it with SAP licensed

services and technology to sell SAP HANA platform.

There are, total, 11 vendors that manufacture HANA Appliances and provide onsite support for installation and

configuration of HANA system.

Top few Vendors include −

IBM

Dell

HP

Cisco

Fujitsu

Lenovo (China)

NEC

Huawei


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SAP HANA –

There are three different types of technology which is backing with SAP HANA.

1. TREX Engine –

TREX Engine is Text Retrieval and Extraction Engine TREX Engine has In Memory capacities. All the Read Performance of SAP HANA system are done by TREX Engine.

2. P*Time –

P*Time is Light Weight RDBMS System. It support the Write Performance of SAP HANA System.

3. Max DB –

The Max DB is mechanical device. The Max DB is used as Backup option.

SAP HANA

[Hybrid Database]

TREX Engine P*Time Max DB


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SAP HANA Database Architecture –

The SAP HANA database is developed in C++ and runs on SUSE Linux Enterprise Server. The SAP HANA system consists of multiple servers such as Index Server, Name Server, Preprocessor Server, Statistical Server and XS Engine.

Index Server –

The main SAP HANA database management component is known as the index server. The index server contains the actual data and it stores and the processing the data and it can hold the

data. The index server processes incoming SQL or MDX statements in the authenticated sessions and

transactions. When fires SQL or MDX statement Index Server processes these commands.


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1. Connection and Session Management –

This component is responsible for creating and managing sessions and connections for the database clients.

Once a session is established, clients can communicate with the SAP HANA database using SQL statements. For each session a set of parameters are maintained.

Users are Authenticated either by the SAP HANA database itself (login with user and password) or authentication can be an external authentication providers such as an LDAP directory.

2. Authorization Manager –

This component is invoked by SAP HANA database components to check whether the user has the required privileges to execute the requested operations such as create, update, select, execute and so on.

3. SQL Processer –


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Users are Authenticated either by the SAP HANA database itself (login with user and password) or authentication can be an external authentication providers such as an LDAP directory.

3.1 SQL Script –

The SAP HANA database has its own scripting language named SQL Script that is designed to enable optimizations and parallelization. SQL Script is a collection of extensions to SQL.

3.2 Multidimensional Expressions –

MDX is a language for querying and manipulating the multidimensional data stored in OLAP cubes.

Incoming MDX requests are processed by the MDX engine and also forwarded to the Calc Engine.

3.3 Planning Engine –

Planning Engine allows financial planning applications to execute basic planning operations in the database layer.

One such basic operation is to create a new version of a data set as a copy of an existing one while applying filters and transformations. For example: planning data for a new year is created as a copy of the data from the previous year.

3.4 Calc Engine –

The SAP HANA database features such as SQL Script and Planning operations are implemented using a common infrastructure called the Calc engine.

The SQL Script, MDX, Planning Model and Domain-Specific models are converted into Calculation Models. The Calc Engine creates Logical Execution Plan for Calculation Models. The Calculation Engine will break up a model, for example some SQL Script, into operations that can be processed in parallel.

4. Transaction Manager –

In HANA database, each SQL statement is processed in the context of a transaction. The transaction manager also cooperates with the persistence layer to achieve atomic and

durable transactions.

5. Metadata Manager –


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Metadata can be accessed via the Metadata Manager component. In the SAP HANA database, metadata comprises a variety of objects, such as definitions of relational tables, columns, views, indexes and procedures.

6. Row Store –

The Row Store is the SAP HANA database row-based in-memory relational data engine.

7. Column Store –

The Column Store stores tables column-wise. It originates from the TREX.

8. Persistence Layer –

The Persistence Layer is responsible for durability and atomicity of transactions. This layer ensures that the database is restored to the most recent committed state after a restart and that transactions are either completely executed or completely undone.

Name Server –

Name Server hold the information about the completely landscape. Name Server is responsible for Topology of SAP HANA system. Name Server knows that where the component are running and how data are spread into different

servers so that the purpose of Name Server.

Preprocessor Server –

Preprocessor Server is used for Text Data Analysis Index Server is utilize the capability of Preprocessor Server in Text Data Analysis and Searching as well.

Statistical Server –

Statistical Server is used to collect the data from system monitor and helps you to know the health of HANA system.

Statistical Server is responsible for collecting data relating to status, resource allocation and Performance of SAP HANA System.


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SAP HANA Overview

Technology

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