Sanna Marttila: Open Archives - Opportunities and challenges

Open Archives

Sanna Marttila Aalto Media Factory, May 26 2014

Opportunities and challenges

Sanna Marttila Aalto University, School of Arts, Design and Architecture - Media Lab @sannamarttila

OKFN LOCAL: Finland

h0p://medialab.aalto.fi/

h0p://arki.mlog.taik.fi/

Photo by dullhunk CC by-nc-sa license

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What do we mean when we talk about open content, data, culture, archive? Levels of openness and par:cipa:on

By ALA TechSource CC BY-‐SA

CC BY-‐NC 2.0 by aIab in Flickr

By RichardHare, CC-‐BY-‐NC-‐SA

Some rights reserved CC BY-‐NC-‐SA by footage in Flickr

Some rights reserved CC BY-‐NC-‐SA by Hindrik S

Photo by thebigdurian / taken on April 23, 2009 / CC by-‐nc-‐sa license

Some rights reserved CC BY-NC-SA by Dave McLean in Flickr

Some rights reserved by ~Brenda-Starr~

Openness

ParRcipaRon

SOURCE: h0p://p2pfoundaRon.net/File:4_types_of_co-‐creaRon.png

Exclusion

Rivalry

Low High

Easy

Difficult

Public Goods Common-Pool Resources

Private Goods Club Goods

Types of Goods. Adapted from Ostrom & Ostrom; Hess & Ostrom 2007; Hess 2010

Public Domain content?

Open content?

Shared content?

Common goods?

What is open data/content?

CC logo by claudioruiz, in Flickr

CC logo by claudioruiz, in Flickr

Source: http://opendefinition.org

A piece of data or content is open if anyone is free to use, reuse, and redistribute it — subject only, at most, to the requirement to attribute and/or share-alike.

“

“

CC logo by claudioruiz, in Flickr More detailed definition, see http://opendefinition.org

1)  Legally reusable - Licensed, and no legal restrictions

2) Techically reusable - Data has been published in machine

redable format and using open standars

3) Freely reusable, no charges or fee

4) No discrimination against persons or groups, or against fields of endeavor

Screen shot: h0p://5stardata.info/

Partial screen shot: http://5stardata.info/

What is open participation?

CC BY by vancouverfilmschool in Flickr

re-view re-think re-mix Le

vel o

f ope

nnes

s

Level of participation

Interpretation Appropriation Innovation

re-view re-think re-mix Le

vel o

f ope

nnes

s

Level of participation

Access to collections and catalogues

Derivative works e.g. Remixes and

mashups

Sharing and enriching the content

New adaptations and approriations e.g. collections and links

New Services and applications

Interpretation Appropriation Innovation

Some strategies to provide open access and support creative re-use

COPYRIGHT all rights reserved

CREATIVE COMMONS some rights reserved

PUBLIC DOMAIN rights waived or expired

Some rights reserved CC-‐BY-‐NC-‐SA by Eva the Weaver

Challenges to open culture data

Image by Images_of_Money CC BY license

Some rights reserved CC-‐BY by Horia Varlan

Risks of open data. Image by JAM/Europeana. CC-‐BY license in The Problem of the Yellow Milkmaid. A Business Model PerspecRve on Open Metadata

CC BY-‐SA AvoinGLAM in Flickr

Challeges for open cultural organization

Technology -  Lack of experience and skills in the organization -  Digital tools, platforms and services are outsourced Copyrights -  Organizations do not hold the rights to their holdings -  Rights clearance process is too time consuming and too

expensive Organizations practices and processes’ -  Need for good case studies and arguments – why open? -  The change of own role in the organizations -  What are the main tasks of the organization? To be open?

Why open data? Benefits for organizations?

1.  Organization gets more visibility and brand value 2.  To meet public mission and objectives

3.  New opportunities for online collections

4.  Empowering participation and civic action. (e.g. crowdsourcing

the enrichment of meta data)

5.  Knowledge and cultural resource for various groups and publics (e.g. neighbourhoods, practitioners, companies)

6.  New knowledge, novel applications and services

Two case examples: Rijksmuseum and Europeana

h0p://www.rijksmuseum.nl/api

Rijksmuseum In the late 2011 Rijksmuseum launched an API with over 111 000 meta data records and images under Creative Commons Attribution license (CC BY). (later changed to CC 0) •  Hudreds developers registered for the API key •  over 20 applications

h0p://weblab.ab-‐c.nl/rijksmuseum AB-‐C Media /

h0ps://www.rijksmuseum.nl/en/rijksstudio

h0ps://www.rijksmuseum.nl/nl/collecRe/SK-‐A-‐2344

h0ps://www.rijksmuseum.nl/en/api

h0p://europeana.eu/

h0p://pinterest.com/europeana/

h0p://muse-‐opensource.org/

h0p://historiana.eu/

h0p://vangoyourself.com/

CC B

Y-N

C-SA

Photos: Remix Helsinki CC BY-‐NC-‐SA 3.0

Hands-on workshop with young adults


Collaborating in actual context

and use

Is it legal to reuse these videos, or link them to my Facebook page?

How can I edit the text?

It would be nice to be able to re-‐

edit the comments.

What keywords I should use to find relevant content?

CC B

Y-N

C-SA


h0p://kdk.fi/europeana/

Photos by AvoinGLAM CC BY

Provide audiovisual content and contextual, descriptive metadata to support creative re-use

Examples of open archives

CC BY-NC-ND 2.0 by future15pic in Flickr

h0ps://www.finna.fi/

h0p://euscreen.eu/

h0p://www.europeana.eu/portal/

h0p://www.abc.net.au/archives/openarchives.htm

Open public broadcasting corporation

h0p://archive.org/details/911

Collaborative documentaly and media collection

h0p://www.18daysinegypt.com/

h0p://code.chirls.com/bu0ercamp/

Collaborative documentaly and media collection

Platform for collaborative creation

h0p://www.sandystoryline.com),

h0p://metavid.org/w/index.php

Civic participation – navigating video

h0p://www.digitalvaults.org/

Navigation and contextualization of large collections

h0p://www.rebelliouspixels.com/semanRcremix/

Combining video to other media and data sources

h0p://datajournalism.stanford.edu/index.html

Dynamic storytelling

h0p://www.historypin.com/

HISTORY PIN SLIDES

h0p://www.europeana1989.eu/

Some strategies and insights on opening collections and archives

CC BY-‐SA by DRs Kulturarvsprojekt in Flickr

Some rights reserved by ~Brenda-Starr~

CC BY-‐SA by DRs Kulturarvsprojekt in Flickr

Some rights reserved CC-‐BY by Horia Varlan

OPEN and TRANSPARENT ORGANIZATION

OPEN *meaningful* ACCESS

OPEN LICENSES (CC) OPEN DESIGN & PRODUCTION

h0p://www.sitasingstheblues.com/

h0p://creaRve-‐commons.deviantart.com/ gallery/26171826

h0p://www.instructables.com/

h0p://en.cosmonautexperience.com/

SHARING EXPERIENCE (marketing)

SHARING KNOWLEDGE

SHARING CONTENT SHARING PRODUCTION

Form partnerships with other institutions and stakeholders

Be open in various levels: data, content, standars/formats, technology, organization, participation… open for dialogue!

Start small and with a limited collection

Use standard license frameworks and make use of available open source tools and services

Be visible on multiple platforms and services (e.g. Wikimedia and Flickr Commons)

Photos by KaR Hyyppä CC BY-‐NC-‐SA 3.0

CC B

Y-N

C-SA

3.0

Photo by Remix Helsinki, CC BY-SA-NC

Thank you! [email protected] #sannamarttila

h0ps://creaRvecommons.org/licenses/by-‐sa/4.0/

Sanna Marttila: Open Archives - Opportunities and challenges

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