Sampling Sampling
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Transcript of Sampling Sampling
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SAMPLINGSAMPLINGSAMPLINGSAMPLING
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Definition Sampling is the process of selecting a
small number of elements from a
larger defined target group ofelements such that the informationgathered from the small group will
allow judgments to be made aboutthe larger groups
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Terms used in sampling
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METHODS OF SAMPLING
Probability
sampling
Nonprobabilitysampling
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Nonprobability Convenience
sampling Judgment sampling Quota sampling Snowball sampling
Probability Simple random
sampling Systematic random
sampling Stratified random
sampling Cluster sampling
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Probability samples:ones in which
members of the population have aknown chance (probability) of beingselected
Non-probability samples:instancesin which the chances (probability) ofselecting members from thepopulation are unknown
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SIMPLE RANDOM
SAMPLING
Simple random sampling: theprobability of being selected is
known and equal for all membersof the population
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SYSTEMATIC RANDOM
SAMPLING It is a method of probability sampling in which thedefined target population is ordered and thesample is selected according to position using askip interval.
Sample is chosen by se3lecting a random startingpoint and then picking every ith element insuccession from the sampling frame .
Ith= sampling interval
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1: Obtain a list of units that contains anacceptable frame of the target population
2: Determine the number of units in the list andthe desired sample size
3: Compute the skip interval 4: Determine a random start point 5: Beginning at the start point, select the units
by choosing each unit that corresponds to theskip interval
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STRATIFIED RANDOM
SAMPLING It is a method of probability samplingin which the population is divided into
different sub groups and samples areselected from each.
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1: Divide the target population intohomogeneous subgroups or strata
2: Draw random samples fro each stratum
3: Combine the samples from eachstratum into a single sample of the targetpopulation
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CLUSTER SAMPLINGCLUSTER SAMPLING
Cluster sampling involves growing theelements in a population into various
clusters and then selecting a fewclusters randomly for further study.
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The researcher should ensure
that clusters are homogeneous(based on some characteristic ofthe units ) in nature and the
elements in the cluster are asheterogeneous as possible i.e.each cluster should be similar tothe population.
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Convenience sampling relies
upon convenience and access
Judgment sampling relies upon belief
that participants fit characteristics
Quota sampling emphasizes representation
of specific characteristics
Snowball sampling relies upon respondent
referrals of others with like characteristics
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Convenience sampling samples are selected based onconvenience
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judgmental sampling In judgmental sampling, the persondoing the sample uses his/her
knowledge or experience to selectthe items to be sampled.