Sample SCI 1101 Final ExamSCI 1101 Final Exam Fall 2010 Form A Name________________________

Write your name on this page in the place provided. Place all answers on the answer grid.

1. What forms the foundations of coral reefs? A. granite b. sand c. limestone (calcium carbonate) d. none of these

2. Coral reefs are found in the: a. tropics b. euphotic zone c. hypolimnion d. both a and b

38. Generally woodlands are moister than forest zones, but receive more moisture than grasslands. A. true B. false

4. Which endangered species is associated with Grey’s Reef? a. stag horn coral b. Manatees c. green sea turtles d. North Atlantic Right Whales

5. Which of the following is a needle-leafed deciduous tree? a. ponderosa pine b. Douglas fir c. cork oak d. western lark e. rose bush

Matching: 6-10. The answers may be used once, more than once or not at all.

a. desert b. solar c. nucleard. Oregon e. grassland ab. epilimnion ac. average wind velocity ad. none of these

6. Which biome(s) tend to occur at 30 degrees north and south and in rain shadows? 7. The upper layer of lake water is known as (the) _______. 8. ________ energy drives Earth’s great weather systems.

9. Climatograms include _____________.10. ________ refers to nutrient enrichment of a lake or some other body of water.11. Forests play vital ecological roles such as:

a. regulating climate b. controlling water runoff c. providing food and shelter for wildlife d. purifying air e. all of the above

12. Temperature and precipitation are among the most important determinants in biome distribution. (True or false)

13. __________ is (are) characterized by low moisture levels and precipitation that is infrequent and unpredictable from year to year. a. taiga b. tropical seasonal forests

c. marshes d. deserts

14. Which makes the best association with the following? “High mountains with heavy fog and mist”. a. cloud forests b. tropical rain forests c. temperate rain forests d. none of these

15. Which makes the best association with the following? “Thin soil cannot support continued cropping, and cannot resist erosion”. a. taiga b. tundra c. tropical rain forest d. temperate rain forest

16. Which makes the best association with the following? “Rolling grassland, dotted with trees, which can be found between a tropical rainforest and desert biomes” a. mid-latitude prairie b. chaparral c. savanna d. none of these

17. Dry shrublands and woodlands tend to occur in western or southern coastal regions between latitudes of 40 and 50 degrees. (True or false)

18. Tiny plant cells called zooxanthellae live within most types of : a. pines b. forests c. coral polyps d. freshwater ponds

19. Coral reefs begin to form when free-swimming ________ attach to submerged rocks or other hard surfaces along the edges of islands or continents. a. coral larvae b. medusa c. polyps d. medusa or polyps e. none of these

20. Most corals require very saline (salty) water ranging from____ to ___ parts per thousand, and temperature s ranging from _____ to _______ degrees Celsius.

a. 20 - 30; 20 - 30 b. 20 – 40; 20 – 30 c. 32 to 42; 23 – 29 d. 23 – 29; 32 – 42

21. (True or false) Many drugs are now being developed from coral reef animals and plants as possible cures for cancer, arthritis, human bacterial infections, viruses, and other diseases.

22. (True or false) Certain types of stressors, such as increased sea surface temperatures or toxic exposures to oil, can cause coral polyps to lose their pigmented zooxanthellae, or to "bleach."

23. (True or false) Estuaries are deep – water, off-shore features that can maintain unusually high water temperatures.

24. (True or false) Atolls are fixed to the tops of ancient volcanoes.

25. Which of the following are miss – matched? a. Trunk Bay - Virgin Islands b. John Pennekamp Park - Florida c. Grey’s Reef - Georgia d. Hanauma Bay - Samoa e. Flower Garden Bank - Texas

26 – 30. Matching. Terms may be used once, more than once, or not at all.

a. estuaries b. marshes c. swamps d. taiga e. tundra ab. None of these

26. A Russian word used for the northernmost edge of the boreal forest.

27. Northern coniferous forest

28. High latitude treeless landscape

29. Wetlands without trees

30. Semi-enclosed bodies of brackish water

31. Which biome is correlated with temperatures usually above 20 C and high rainfall (above 250 cm/yr)? a. tundra b. taiga c. temperate forest d. tropical rainforest

32. Usually in deep freshwater lakes, a transition zone, the __________, lies just above the cold dark ____________. a. epilimnion, hypolimnion

b. epilimnion, thermocline c. hypolimnion, epilimnion d. thermocline, hypolimnion e. none of these

33. National Marine Sanctuaries are managed by the:: a. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration b. National Park System c. National Maritime Administration d. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service

34. Mediterranean climate regions, with hot, dry summers and cool, moist winters, are often dominated by evergreen shrubs with sclerophyllous leaves. In Californian, this landscape is called ____?______. a. taiga b. thorn scrub c. chaparral d. dry tropical forest

35. Major air masses rise from the Earth's surface at a. the equator and 30 degree latitudes. b. 30 degree and 60 degree latitudes. c. the equator and 60 degree latitudes. d. 30 degree latitudes and the poles.

36. Which factor has the least effect on the amount of incoming light that strikes an area?

a. latitude b. temperature c. the degree that a slope is exposed to the incoming light d. the amount of recurring cloud cover e. all of thesee. has essentially identical climates and vegetation as the leeward side.

37. In general, which list places the terms in order of increasing size? a. ecosystem, biogeographical realm, biome, biosphere b. ecosystem, biome, biosphere, biogeographical realm c. biome, ecosystem, biogeographical realm, biosphere d. ecosystem, biome, biogeographical realm, biosphere e. biogeographical realm, biome, biosphere, ecosystem

38. A mountain rain shadow is the a. arid area on the windward slope. b. wet area on the windward slope. c. arid area on the leeward slope. d. wet area on the leeward slope.e. arid area on both slopes.

39. A tropical biome with grasses as primary producers and scattered trees adapted to prolonged dry spells is known as a a. warm desert. b. savanna. c. tundra. d. taiga. e. chaparral.

40. Which biome is a treeless plain that occurs around the Arctic Circle? a. chaparral b. taiga c. desert d. grassland e. tundra

Write your name on the first page in the place provided. Place all answers on the answer grid.