•

•

•

SAMPLE

The Taj Mahal is regarded as one of the eight wonders of the world, and some

Western historians have noted that it is a clear reflection of architectural beauty of

Ancient India. The Taj Mahal was built by the Mughals, the Muslim rulers of India. It was

built by a Muslim, Emperor Shah Jahan in the memory of his dear wife and queen, Mumtaz

Mahal, at Agra, India over a period of 22 years. It finished construction in 1648 AD.

Using the following picture, help the traveller calculate the dimensions of the actual Taj Mahal and write it in his traveller’s diary’s page provided below:

India: Day One

Real life dimensions of Taj Mahal (in metres)

Total length:

Total height:

Height of top:

Width of gate:

Height of a pillar:

heig

ht =

20c

m

top = 10cm

length = 24cm

gate = 3cm 14cm

The following image of the Taj Mahal is a photograph taken by a traveller. The size of the

Taj Mahal was scaled down at a ratio of 1:750 by the camera. Read the instructions below

and answer the questions. Q1

SAMPLE

The Mughal Emperor, Shah Jahan’s son, Prince Aurangzeb, made a similar monument to the Taj Mahal in the memory of his dear wife, Dilras Banu Begum, named as Bibi Ka Maqbara in 1660 AD in the town of Aurangabad named after the Prince Aurangzeb. After visiting the Taj Mahal, the traveller then visited Bibi Ka Maqbara and captured the following image. Using the dimensions provided in the image below and the dimensions of the Taj Mahal provided on the previous page in the image, help the traveller calculate the ratio between the images of Bibi Ka Maqbara and the Taj Mahal and write it in his traveller’s diary’s page provided below:

(Note again that the size of Bibi Ka Maqbara has been scaled down at a ratio of 1:750 by the camera.)

length = 16cm

heig

ht =

12c

m

top = 5cm

gate = 4cm

India: Day Two

Ratio between the image of Bibi Ka Maqbara

and the image of the Taj Mahal with respect

to the following:

Ratio between lengths:

Ratio between heights:

Ratio between heights of tops:

Ratio between widths of gates:

Ratio between heights of pillars:

6cm

Read the extra information below and answer the following questions. Q2

SAMPLE

Hamid has been asked to repaint certain sections of the Taj Mahal that have been looking a bit worn lately. The desired colour requires three colours (red, yellow and green) to be mixed in the ratio 3:2:4, respectively. a) If one section requires 45 litres of the coloured paint, determine how many litres of each colour (red,

yellow and green) Hamid will need.

b) If Hamid has only seven litres of yellow paint, how many litres of:

i. Red will be required?

ii. Green will be required?

! A painter has been commissioned to touch up the paint on the Taj Mahal. Read the

instructions below and answer the questions. Q3

SAMPLE

Diwali is one of the oldest festivals celebrated in India. It is a festival of lights,

symbolizing the victory of righteousness and the lifting of spiritual darkness. It celebrates

the victory of good over evil and the glory of light. Homes are decorated; food and sweets

are prepared and distributed to everyone.

Using the recipe provided below, help Catherine prepare the contents for serving her 35 friends visiting her for dinner tonight. State the exact value and then round the value to the nearest whole number.

Recipe 2 - Samosas

(serving 35)

Ingredients

Recipe 1 - Samosas

(serving 2)

Ingredients o 1 cup of fresh dates o ¾ teaspoon of cinnamon o ½ teaspoon of cardamom seeds o 3 cups of freshly ground walnuts o 2½ teaspoons of warm honey o 4 cups of ground almonds.

The ratio of ingredients needed in recipe 1 to

recipe 2 is

________:__________

Exact value

Nearest whole number

cup of fresh dates

teaspoon of cinnamon

teaspoon of cardamom seeds

cups of freshly ground walnuts

teaspoons of warm honey

cups of ground almonds.

Catherine has been watching the Diwali celebrations on the television which showed a

recipe of an Indian food item, Samosas, prepared during the festival. She decides to

make Samosas and writes down the following recipe. Read the instructions below and

answer the questions.

Q1

SAMPLE

Rangoli is an Ancient Indian art of drawing images and figures on the floor, at the

doorstep of one's home. With the beautiful combination of colours using flower petals

or colour paint, Rangoli makes a magnificent piece of art. It is believed that the main

purpose of making Rangoli at the doorstep during the festive season is to welcome the

Hindu Goddess named Lakshmi, the Goddess of wealth and prosperity.

P

P

P

OW

G G

G G

Y

Y

Y Y

G

OW

IW IW

IW

IW IW

PINK

a) Number of Purple (P) Petals: b) Number of Green (G) Petals: c) Number of Yellow (Y) Petals: d) Number of Outer White (OW) Petals: e) Number of Inner White (IW) Petals:

Rachel has decided that she wants to prepare a similar design to the one given in the

image below. Using the information provided, help Rachel work out the ratios between

different colours present in the design. !

Start by counting the number of petals (the first has been done for you): Q1

• PINK = Pink

• IW = Inner white

• G = Green

• Y = Yellow

• OW = Outer white

Colour Codes

SAMPLE

a) Ratio of Purple (P) Petals to Inner White (IW) Petals: ____ __

b) Ratio of Outer White (OW) Petals to Green (G) Petals: ____ __

c) Ratio of Yellow (Y) Petals to Green (G) Petals: ____ __

d) Ratio of Outer White (OW) Petals to Inner White (IW) Petals: ___ ___

e) Ratio of Inner White (IW) Petals to Green (G) Petals: ______

f) Ratio of Purple (P) Petals to Green (G) Petals: ______

a) 1 Purple (P) petal requires 23 flowers, therefore total number of flowers for _____ purple petals in the

design provided would be _______.

b) 1 Green (G) petal requires 14 flowers, therefore total number of flowers for _____ green petals in the

design provided would be _______.

c) 1 Yellow (Y) petal requires 21 flowers, therefore total number of flowers for _____ yellow petals in the

design provided would be _______.

d) 1 Outer White (OW) petal requires 12 flowers, therefore total number of flowers for _____ outer white

petals in the design provided would be _______.

e) 1 Inner White (IW) petal requires 6 flowers, therefore total number of flowers for _____ inner white

petals in the design provided would be _______.

f) If the Pink circle in the centre of the design requires 18 flowers, the total number of flowers (all colours)

required for the whole design would be __________.

:

:

:

:

:

Using the image and number of petals (on the previous page), calculate the following: Q2

If the following quantities of flowers are required to form each big petal, calculate the

number of flowers required for the total number of petals with respect to each colour in the

design:

Q3

SAMPLE

•

•

•

SAMPLE

Firstly, thank you for your support of Mighty Minds and our resources. We endeavour to create high-

quality resources that are both educational and engaging, and results have shown that this approach

works.

To assist you in using this resource, we have compiled some brief tips and reminders below.

About this resource

This Mighty Minds ‘Fundamentals’ Lesson focusses on one subtopic from the NAPLAN Tests and

presents this skill through a theme from the Australian Curriculum (History, Science or Geography).

This lesson is also targeted at a certain skill level, to ensure that your students are completing work

that is suited to them.

How to use this resource

Our ‘Fundamentals’ Lessons are split into two main sections, each of which contain different types of

resources.

The student workbook contains

• The main title page; and

• The blank student worksheets for students to complete.

The teacher resources section contains

• This set of instructions;

• The Teacher’s Guide, which offers information that may be needed to teach the lesson;

• The Item Description, which gives a brief overview of the lesson and its aims, as well as extension

ideas;

• The student answer sheets, which show model responses on the student worksheets to ensure

that answers to the questions are clear;

• The teacher’s answer sheets, which provide a more detailed explanation of the model responses

or answers; and

• Finally, the ‘end of lesson’ marker.

We suggest that you print the student workbook (the first set of pages) for the students. If students

are completing this lesson for homework, you may also like to provide them with the student answer

pages.

Feedback and contacting us

We love feedback. Our policy is that if you email us with suggested changes to any lesson, we will

complete those changes and send you the revised lesson – free of charge.

Just send your feedback to resources@mightyminds.com.au and we’ll get back to you as soon as we

can.

SAMPLE

Ratios, proportions and fractions are all different ways of comparing numbers.

Ratios

A ratio is a comparison of two or more numbers that shows their size relative to each other. Numbers

are compared in this way using a colon (:) between them or the word “to”.

e.g. A class of 8 students contains 5 girls and 3 boys.

This is a ratio of 5 girls to 3 boys, or 5:3.

Like fractions, ratios are reduced to their simplest form. This is done by finding the greatest that goes

into both values in the ratio (called the highest common factor or HCF), and dividing both values by it.

e.g. A class of 10 students contains 6 boys and 4 girls.

This is a ratio of 6 boys to 4 girls, or 6:4.

6 and 4 have a HCF of 2.

6 ÷ 2 = 3

4 ÷ 2 = 2

Therefore, the simplest form of this ratio is 3:2.

Proportions

A proportion is also a comparative relationship, but is represented as a fraction of a whole, and as

such is expressed using a forward slash (/) or the words “out of”.

e.g. A class of 8 students contains 5 girls and 3 boys.

This means that 5 out of 8 students are girls, or 5/8.

Proportions can also be reduced to their simplest whole number form by dividing both sides by their

highest common factor.

e.g. A class of 10 students contains 6 boys and 4 girls.

Proportionately, 6 out of 10 students are boys, or 6/10.

6 and 10 have a HCF of 2.

6 ÷ 2 = 3

10 ÷ 2 = 5

Therefore, the simplest form of this proportion is 3 out of 5, or 3/5.

So to remember the difference, a ratio compares parts, whereas a proportion compares a part to the

whole.

This teaching guide is continued on the next page...

SAMPLE

...This teaching guide is continued from the previous page.

Also, the simplest way to remove decimals is to multiply both parts of a ratio or proportion by 10 until

the decimals have been removed. The ratio/proportion can then be simplified as necessary. Most of

the time the simplification may not require this, however some more complicated ratios/proportions

may require the decimals be removed in order to make the simplification less difficult.

Fractions

A fraction represents parts of numbers. This is represented by placing one number over another:

12

or ½

e.g. ½ of the students in the class are girls.

This means that 1 out of every 2 students are girls.

Fractions can be reduced to their simplest form by finding their HCF.

e.g. 60/100 of the students in the grade are boys.

The highest common factor of these two numbers is 20.

60 ÷ 20 = 3

100 ÷ 20 = 5

Therefore, the simplest form of this fraction is 3

5

SAMPLE

Please note: any activity that is not completed during class time may be set for homework or

undertaken at a later date.

‘Ancient India’, ‘Festivals of the Past’ and ‘Ancient Indian Art’

• Activity Description: • This lesson focuses on the theme of Ancient Indian history and culture. In the first activity,

students are required to read about the history of the Taj Mahal and another historical

monument and work out dimensions of both images and compare them. They are then

asked to calculate the ratios of paints required to paint the Taj Mahal, within certain

parameters. The second activity requires students to work out the ratio between the two

different Indian food recipes. In the third activity, students work out components of a

traditional Indian artwork by finding the ratios of flowers needed for the design.

• Purpose of Activity: • The purpose of this activity is to provide students information about Ancient

Indian history and culture. Together with Ancient Indian history, the students

will learn the mathematical concepts of ratio and proportion and their

applicability to real life problems. The activities introduce the students to

ideas of cooking and traditional Indian art.

• KLAs: • Mathematics, History, Art

• CCEs: • Recognising letters, words and other symbols (α1)

• Interpreting the meaning of words or other symbols (α4)

• Interpreting the meaning of tables or diagrams or maps or graphs (α6)

• Calculating with or without calculators (Ф16)

• Substituting in formulae (Ф19)

• Applying a progression of steps to achieve the required answer (Ф37)

• Suggested Time Allocation: • This lesson is designed to take one hour to complete – 20 minutes per activity.

This Item Description is continued on the next page...

Item Description

SAMPLE

…This Item Description is continued from the previous page.

‘Ancient India’, ‘Festivals of the Past’ and ‘Ancient Indian Art’

• Teaching Notes: • Before commencing this worksheet, the teachers should teach the concepts of ratio and

proportion on the board. Following this, the students should be made to read the

information provided before each activity and make them independently solve the

questions in an activity.

• Students will be required to use a calculator for some calculations.

• After the activities, the students can be asked follow up questions pertaining to what they

learnt from the activity. This may include questions relating to the information provided

before each activity such as, “When and by whom was the Taj Mahal built?”

Item Description – continued

SAMPLE

The Taj Mahal is regarded as one of the eight wonders of the world, and some

Western historians have noted that it is a clear reflection of architectural beauty of

Ancient India. The Taj Mahal was built by the Mughals, the Muslim rulers of India. It was

built by a Muslim, Emperor Shah Jahan in the memory of his dear wife and queen, Mumtaz

Mahal, at Agra, India over a period of 22 years. It finished construction in 1648 AD.

Using the following picture, help the traveller calculate the dimensions of the actual Taj Mahal and write it in his traveller’s diary’s page provided below:

India: Day One

Real life dimensions of Taj Mahal (in metres)

Total length:

Total height:

Height of top:

Width of gate:

Height of a pillar:

heig

ht =

20c

m

top = 10cm

length = 24cm

gate = 3cm

180 m

150 m

75 m

22.5 m

14cm

105 m

The following image of the Taj Mahal is a photograph taken by a traveller. The size of the

Taj Mahal was scaled down at a ratio of 1:750 by the camera. Read the instructions below

and answer the questions. Q1

SAMPLE

The Mughal Emperor, Shah Jahan’s son, Prince Aurangzeb, made a similar monument to the Taj Mahal in the memory of his dear wife, Dilras Banu Begum, named as Bibi Ka Maqbara in 1660 AD in the town of Aurangabad named after the Prince Aurangzeb. After visiting the Taj Mahal, the traveller then visited Bibi Ka Maqbara and captured the following image. Using the dimensions provided in the image below and the dimensions of the Taj Mahal provided on the previous page in the image, help the traveller calculate the ratio between the images of Bibi Ka Maqbara and the Taj Mahal and write it in his traveller’s diary’s page provided below:

(Note again that the size of Bibi Ka Maqbara has been scaled down at a ratio of 1:750 by the camera.)

length = 16cm

heig

ht =

12c

m

top = 5cm

gate = 4cm

India: Day Two

Ratio between the image of Bibi Ka Maqbara

and the image of the Taj Mahal with respect

to the following:

Ratio between lengths:

Ratio between heights:

Ratio between heights of tops:

Ratio between widths of gates:

Ratio between heights of pillars:

2 : 3

3 : 5

1 : 2

4 : 3

6cm

3 : 7

Read the extra information below and answer the following questions. Q2

SAMPLE

Hamid has been asked to repaint certain sections of the Taj Mahal that have been looking a bit worn lately. The desired colour requires three colours (red, yellow and green) to be mixed in the ratio 3:2:4, respectively. a) If one section requires 45 litres of the coloured paint, determine how many litres of each colour (red,

yellow and green) Hamid will need.

b) If Hamid has only seven litres of yellow paint, how many litres of:

i. Red will be required?

ii. Green will be required?

7/2 (new ratio/original ratio) = 3.5

L of red paint = 3.5 x 3

L of red paint = 10.5L

7/2 (new ratio/original ratio) = 3.5

L of green paint = 3.5 x 4

L of green paint = 14L

! A painter has been commissioned to touch up the paint on the Taj Mahal. Read the

instructions below and answer the questions. Q3

SAMPLE

Ancient India

Question One:

Students were required to calculate the dimensions of the actual size of Taj Mahal with respect to the

following factors based on the dimensions of the scaled-down image and the scale being provided.

Since the given ratio is 1 : 750, the required dimensions should be worked out in the following

way:

Total length: 24 x 750 = 18000 cm = 180 m

Total height: 20 x 750 = 15000 cm = 150 m

Height of top: 10 x 750 = 7500 cm = 75 m

Width of gate: 3 x 750 = 2250 cm = 22.5 m

Height of a pillar: 14 x 750 = 10500 cm = 105 m

Note that 100cm = 1m, so when determining the number of metres, divide by 100.

20cm

10cm

24cm

14cm

This answer guide is continued on the next page...

gate = 3cm

SAMPLE

...This answer guide is continued from the previous page.

Question Two:

In the second part, students are required to calculate the ratio between the image of Bibi Ka Maqbara

and the image of Taj Mahal provided on the first page with respect to the following factors.

Ratio between the image of Bibi Ka Maqbara and the image of Taj Mahal is calculated by using

the dimensions between the two images:

Ratio between lengths: 16:24, HCF = 8, 16/8:24/8 = 2:3

Ratio between heights: 12:20, HCF = 4, 12/4:20/4 = 3:5

Ratio between heights of the tops: 5:10, HCF = 5, 5/5:10/5 = 1:2

Ratio between the widths of the gates: 4:3, HCF = 1

Ratio between the heights of the pillars: 6:14, HCF = 2, 6/2:14/2 = 3:7

16cm

12cm

5cm

4cm

6cm

This answer guide is continued on the next page...

SAMPLE

...This answer guide is continued from the previous page.

Question Three:

Students were required to calculate ratios based on the amount of paint needed to touch up the Taj

Mahal.

a) Students were given the amount of paint required and the ratio used to mix the colours. To find

the amount of paint needed for each colour, they should have first added together the parts of the

ratio. Then they should have divided the total amount of paint by the number of parts and

multiplied this number by the three different parts of the ratio.

3 + 2 + 4 = 9

45/9 = 5

Red: 5 x 3 = 15L

Yellow: 5 x 2 = 10L

Green: 5 x 4 = 20L

b) Next, students were provided with the required amount of one colour and asked to find how many

litres of the other colours were needed. To work this out, students should have used the amounts

of paint in the original ratio. If they divided 7/2 (amount of yellow in new ratio / amount of yellow in

old ratio) and found that the new ratio was 3.5 x the old ratio, all they then had to do was multiply

this by the numbers in the old ratio.

i. L of red paint = 3.5 x 3

= 10.5L

ii. L of green paint = 3.5 x 4

= 14L

SAMPLE

Diwali is one of the oldest festivals celebrated in India. It is a festival of lights,

symbolizing the victory of righteousness and the lifting of spiritual darkness. It celebrates

the victory of good over evil and the glory of light. Homes are decorated; food and sweets

are prepared and distributed to everyone.

Using the recipe provided below, help Catherine prepare the contents for serving her 35 friends visiting her for dinner tonight. State the exact value and then round the value to the nearest whole number.

Recipe 2 - Samosas

(serving 35)

Ingredients

Recipe 1 - Samosas

(serving 2)

Ingredients o 1 cup of fresh dates o ¾ teaspoon of cinnamon o ½ teaspoon of cardamom seeds o 3 cups of freshly ground walnuts o 2½ teaspoons of warm honey o 4 cups of ground almonds.

The ratio of ingredients needed in recipe 1 to

recipe 2 is

________:__________

Exact value

Nearest whole number

17.5 18

13.125 13

8.75 9

52.5 53

43.75 44

70 70

cup of fresh dates

teaspoon of cinnamon

teaspoon of cardamom seeds

cups of freshly ground walnuts

teaspoons of warm honey

cups of ground almonds.

2 35

Catherine has been watching the Diwali celebrations on the television which showed a

recipe of an Indian food item, Samosas, prepared during the festival. She decides to

make Samosas and writes down the following recipe. Read the instructions below and

answer the questions.

Q1

SAMPLE

Festivals of the Past

Question One:

Students were meant to work out the ratio between the two recipes – one that was given in the

question and the other that had to be prepared with respect to the one given. Following on, using the

ratio calculated, the students were then expected to work out the corresponding ingredients’ values

with respect to the ratio calculated previously.

Using the information provided, it can be seen that the initial recipe (Recipe 1) provided ingredients

for 2 people. Therefore, for ‘Recipe 2’, which is being catered for 35 people, the ingredients’ ratio to

Recipe 1 would be 2 : 35.

The second step of the question would be to work out the corresponding ingredient quantity using the

above worked out ratio. Hence, ‘Recipe 2’ would have the following ingredients’ quantities (rounded

to the closest number):

Recipe 1 uses 1 cup of fresh dates. Therefore, for Recipe 2, the number of cups of fresh dates would

be:

(1 x 35) / 2 = 17. 5 ≈ 18

Recipe 1 uses 3/4 teaspoon of cinnamon. Therefore, for Recipe 2, the number of teaspoons of

cinnamon would be:

((3/4) x 35) / 2 = 13.125 ≈ 13

Recipe 1 uses 1/2 teaspoon of cardamom seeds. Therefore, for Recipe 2, the number of teaspoons

of cardamom seeds would be:

((1/2) x 35) / 2 = 8.75 ≈ 9

Recipe 1 uses 3 cups of freshly ground walnuts. Therefore, for Recipe 2, the number of cups of

freshly ground walnuts would be:

(3 x 35) / 2 = 52. 5 ≈ 53

Recipe 1 uses 2 ½ teaspoons of warm honey. Therefore, for Recipe 2, the number of teaspoons of

warm honey would be:

((2 ½) x 35) / 2 = 43.75 ≈ 44

Recipe 1 uses 4 cups of ground walnuts. Therefore, for Recipe 2, the number of cups of ground

walnuts would be:

(4 x 35) / 2 = 70

SAMPLE

Rangoli is an Ancient Indian art of drawing images and figures on the floor, at the

doorstep of one's home. With the beautiful combination of colours using flower petals

or colour paint, Rangoli makes a magnificent piece of art. It is believed that the main

purpose of making Rangoli at the doorstep during the festive season is to welcome the

Hindu Goddess named Lakshmi, the Goddess of wealth and prosperity.

P

P

P

OW

G G

G G

Y

Y

Y Y

G

OW

IW IW

IW

IW IW

PINK

a) Number of Purple (P) Petals: b) Number of Green (G) Petals: c) Number of Yellow (Y) Petals: d) Number of Outer White (OW) Petals: e) Number of Inner White (IW) Petals:

3

5

5

2

5

Rachel has decided that she wants to prepare a similar design to the one given in the

image below. Using the information provided, help Rachel work out the ratios between

different colours present in the design. !

Start by counting the number of petals (the first has been done for you): Q1

• PINK = Pink

• IW = Inner white

• G = Green

• Y = Yellow

• OW = Outer white

Colour Codes

SAMPLE

a) Ratio of Purple (P) Petals to Inner White (IW) Petals: ____ __

b) Ratio of Outer White (OW) Petals to Green (G) Petals: ____ __

c) Ratio of Yellow (Y) Petals to Green (G) Petals: ____ __

d) Ratio of Outer White (OW) Petals to Inner White (IW) Petals: ___ ___

e) Ratio of Inner White (IW) Petals to Green (G) Petals: ______

f) Ratio of Purple (P) Petals to Green (G) Petals: ______

a) 1 Purple (P) petal requires 23 flowers, therefore total number of flowers for _____ purple petals in the

design provided would be _______.

b) 1 Green (G) petal requires 14 flowers, therefore total number of flowers for _____ green petals in the

design provided would be _______.

c) 1 Yellow (Y) petal requires 21 flowers, therefore total number of flowers for _____ yellow petals in the

design provided would be _______.

d) 1 Outer White (OW) petal requires 12 flowers, therefore total number of flowers for _____ outer white

petals in the design provided would be _______.

e) 1 Inner White (IW) petal requires 6 flowers, therefore total number of flowers for _____ inner white

petals in the design provided would be _______.

f) If the Pink circle in the centre of the design requires 18 flowers, the total number of flowers (all colours)

required for the whole design would be __________.

3 5

2 5

1 1

2 5

1 1

3 5

3

69

5

70

5

105

2

24

5

30

316

:

:

:

:

:

:

Using the image and number of petals (on the previous page), calculate the following: Q2

If the following quantities of flowers are required to form each big petal, calculate the

number of flowers required for the total number of petals with respect to each colour in the

design:

Q3

SAMPLE

Ancient Indian Art

Question One:

Students were asked to write out the number of coloured petals and then calculate the ratio between

the different coloured petals. Following on, using the ratio calculated, the students were then

expected to fill in the blanks within the statements provided. The statements mentioned the number of

flowers utilised in creation of one coloured petal. The students were required to work out the total

number of flowers used in the creation of specific coloured petals, followed by the total number of

flowers used in the design.

The first step in solving this problem was to review the image provided and write down the number of

coloured petals in the spaces provided. Using the image, the number of coloured petals were:

Number of Purple (P) Petals: 3

Number of Green (G) Petals: 5

Number of Yellow(Y) Petals: 5

Number of Outer White (OW) Petals: 2

Number of Inner White (IW) Petals: 5

Following this, the students were expected to use the above written down numbers and calculate the

ratio between the various coloured petals:

Ratio of Purple (P) Petals to Inner White (IW) Petals: 3 : 5

Ratio of Outer White (OW) Petals to Green (G) Petals: 2 : 5

Ratio of Yellow(Y) Petals to Green (G) Petals: 1

Ratio of Outer White (OW) Petals to Inner White (IW) Petals: 2 : 5

Ratio of Inner White (IW) Petals to Green (G) Petals: 1

Ratio of Purple (P) Petals to Green (G) Petals: 3 : 5

After calculating the above given ratios, the students were required to calculate the total number of

flowers required for specific coloured petals, where the number of flowers used to create one petal

was given.

1 Purple (P) petal requires 23 flowers, therefore total number of flowers for 3 purple petals in the

design provided would be 3 x 23 = 69.

1 Green (G) petal requires 14 flowers, therefore total number of flowers for 5 green petals in the

design provided would be 5 x 14 = 70.

1 Yellow (Y) petal requires 21 flowers, therefore total number of flowers for 5 yellow petals in the

design provided would be 5 x 21 = 105.

1 Outer White (OW) petal requires 12 flowers, therefore total number of flowers for 2 outer white

petals in the design provided would be 2 x 12 = 24.

1 Inner White (IW) petal requires 6 flowers, therefore total number of flowers for 5 inner white petals

in the design provided would be 5 x 6 = 30.

The final step of this question required the students to work out the total number of flowers used in

the whole design. This is achieved by summing the number of flowers (calculated above except for

the pink flowers, which don’t need any additional calculations) used for each specific colour:

69 purple flowers + 70 green flowers + 105 yellow flowers + 24 white flowers for outer white petals +

30 white flowers for inner white petals + 18 inner pink flowers = 316 flowers in total.

SAMPLE

SAMPLE