YOOJIN FILES 3Remediating City Michael Bell / Spring, 2011

This proposal is for inspiring Houston citizens with another way of living. Being critical of their high dependency on auto vehicles, making certain urban environments practical beyond their current situation and not just satirizing them; insisting that this is the reterritorialization of industrialized areas in Houston ship channel.

Yoo Jin JangMSAAD, GSAPP, Columbia (2012)MSRED Graduate Candidate (2013)

3rd Advanced architecture design studio in MSAAD, GSAPP, Columbia university PROF : Michael Bell TA : Kostura Zachary and Chad KonradJan.2012.~ May. 2012

6

-32-

REMEDIATING CITY

YOO JIN JANG3rd ADVANCED ARCHITECTURE DESIGN STUDIO

IN MSAAD, GSAPP, COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY PROF : MICHAEL BELL

TA : KOSTURA ZACHARY AND CHAD KONRADJAN.2012.~ MAY. 2012

-54-

06.11 05.12

Infrastructure for endangered species, Multi-family Housing, Semi-Desert, Integrating residence with piping plover birds habitat

Prof : Kate OrffTA : Gena Warth, Ryan LovettJun, 2011~Aug, 2011Individual Work

New type of Landscape Infrastructure, prototype, Utilize unutilized land, Palmdale

Prof : Laurie HawkinsonTA : Christian UhlSep.2011~Dec. 2011Individual Work

Digital Craft (Summer, 2011): 3D-Max Mental Ray Rendering

Visual Studies (Fall, 2011): Ultra real (V-Ray Rendering)Parametric Realization (Grasshopper, Fabrication)Advanced Algorithm (Processing)

Competition (February, 2012)ULI Hines Urban Design Competition

Inventing new history of Houston, new vision of eco friendly development,Reterritorialization, polymer, automated parking lot, transforming space, phyto-remediation

Prof: Michael BellTA : Kostura Zachary and Chad KonradJan.2012 ~ May. 2012Individual Work

PALMDALE WOULD BE THE ATTRACTIVE PLACE FOR TRAVELLERS TO STOP OVER AND MAKE THEM SPEND MONEY.

ROCKHOUND

ROCK CLIMBING

WILDLIFE WATCHING

PHOTOGRAPHY

STARGAZING

BIRDING

OFFROADING

BOATING

HORSEBACK RIDING

BIKING

BACKPACKING

HIKING

palmdale

✓

-76-

TRANSPORTATIONFLOW

CASHFLOW INTERESTS 1

ENGINEERINGFACILITY

INTER-ESTS 2

INTERESTS 3

LIGHTRAIL

COM-MUTER

RAIL

COM-MUTER

RAIL

ROADS

INTER-ESTS 4

TAX POLICY

WHAT IS THE INFRASTRUCTURE?

NETWORK

-98-

WHAT IS THE INFRASTRUCTURE IN SHIP CHANNEL, TX?

OIL URBANISMPETROPOLIS

Nearly half the oil that spilled at a major Texas port during a collision between a tanker and a towing ves-sel has evaporated, dispersed or been recovered from the water, the Coast Guard said on 24st, Jan, 2010.

-1110-

ROADBUILDERS

Central Park, the massive urban greenspace in Manhattan running from Eighth Avenue to Fifth Avenue and from 59th Street to 110th Street, is not a part of this plan, as Central Park was not envisioned until 1853.

Brown & Root was founded in Texas in 1919 by two brothers, George R. Brown and Herman Brown, with money provided by their brother-in-law, Daniel Root. The company began its operations by building roads in Texas

the company became part of a consortium of four companies that built about 85 percent of the infrastructure needed by the Navy during the Vietnam War. At the height of the anti-war movement of the 1960s, Brown & Root was derided as "Burn & Loot" by protesters.

Roads

Military

OilGOVERN-

MENT

WAR

TAX

The Commissioners’ Plan of 1811 was the original design plan for the streets of Manhattan, which put in place the grid plan that has defined Manhattan to this day.

Morris enrolled in 1764 at the age of twelve at King's College, now Columbia College of Columbia University in New York City.

KBR and its predecessors have won many contracts with the U.S. military, including during World War II, Vietnam War and Operation Iraqi Freedom.

HOUSTON NEW YORK

KELLOGUE BROWN & ROOT COMMISSIONER

-1312-

TRANSPORTATIONFLOW

CASHFLOW INTERESTS 1

ENGINEERINGFACILITY

INTER-ESTS 2

INTERESTS 3

LIGHTRAIL

COM-MUTER

RAIL

COM-MUTER

RAIL

ROADS

INTER-ESTS 4

TAX POLICY

NEW VISION?

ENVIRON

-1514-

Washington

Oregon

Arizona

New Mexico

Texas

Oklahoma

KansasColorado

Utah

Nevada

California

Idaho

Montana North Dakota

South Dakota

Nebraska

Minnesota

Iowa

Arkansas

Mississippi Alabama

Louisiana

Florida

Georgia

Tennessee

Wisconsin

IllinoisIndiana Ohio

Michigan

Kentucky

New Jersey

New York

Conn.R.I.

Mass.

N.H.

Maine

Wyoming

Pennsylvania

Virginia

VirginiaWest

DelawareMd.

Vt.

Carolina

North Carolina

South

Alaska

T

Austin

Honolulu

Ketchikan

Juneau

Valdez

Fairbanks

Anchorage

Nome

Bethel

Houston

Dallas

Oahu

Kauai

Hawaii

Maui

=+

CARBON EMISSION

TX=PA+FL

FROM 6,700 industrial facilities

PEOPLE THINK,

FROM THE ROADS

THE TRUTH IS

CARBON EMISSION

-1716-

DENSITY 27,532/sq mi (10,630/km2) • Urban 18,223,567

AREA : City 601.3 sq mi (1,558 km2)

AREA : City 468.9 sq mi (1,214.4 km2)

POPULATION : City 8,175,133

DENSITY 3,623/sq mi (1,505/km2) • Urban 3,822,509 (10th U.S.)2

POPULATION : City 2,099,451(4th U.S.)

HOUSTON NEW YORK

48% Owned cars.less than 30% actually use them.

Electricity usageElectricity usage

Housing patterns Housing patterns

Drive alone : 74.2%Car pooling: 13.8%Walk : 2.1%

PEDESTRIANDRIVER

SEPERATE HOUSINGS ROW HOUSINGS

4,696 KWH14,542 KWH

-1918-

VMT PER CAPITA DAILYVMT : VEHICLE MILES TRAVELED (VMT)

22.7 Mi

KBROXY

CONOCO PHILLIPSMARATHON OIL

SYSCOHALLIBURTON

ARKEMAEXXONMOBIL CHEMICAL

CO²

Houston’s daily vehicle miles traveled per capita would be 22.7, 20 percent below San Antonio, 10 percent below Dallas-Fort Worth, lower than Los Angeles and only 10 percent higher than Portland.

Vehicle Miles Traveled (VMT) Tax is a policy proposed in the United States of taxing motorists based on how many miles they have traveled. It has been proposed as an infrastructure funding mechanism that would eventually replace the fuel tax[1].

8 Mi

HOUSTON NEW YORK

LessCO²

-2120- CAR-DEPENDENT CITY, HOUSTON

NO PEDESTRIAN ON THE STREET

-2322-

1

TURNING BASIN TERMINAL

-2524-

PARKING LOT FOR 15,100 CARS

3,582,146 square ft.82 acres331842.226 m²

1720 ft = 524 m2621 ft =

798 m

-2726-

TURNING BASIN TERMINAL REDEVELOPMENT PLAN

TURNING BASIN TERMINAL WITH HORIZONTAL LANDSCAPE

-2928- ORGANIC POLLUTANTS : PETROLEUM(+TPH, BTEX, MBTE, PAH, Oil, Disel), VOLATILE

ORGANIC COMPOUNDS(VOC, PCB), +POP, DDT

INORGANIC POLLUTANTS : METALS(Cadmium, Zinc, Nickel, Sulfur, Arsenic, Copper, Mercury...)

GROUND WATER

SOIL

WATER POLLUTION BY OIL SPILL

The Houston ship channel is a widened and deepened natural watercourse created by dredging the Buffalo Bayou and the Galveston Bay.[2] Major products, such as petrochemicals and Midwestern grain, are transported in bulk together with general cargo. The original watercourse for the channel, Buffalo Bayou, has its headwaters 30 miles (48 km) to the west of the city of Houston.

-3130-

“Children who live within two miles of the ship channel have a 56 % greater chance of getting leukemia than kids living else-where.” By the University of Texas

-3332- REMEDIATING CITY

?

ORGANIC POLLUTANTS

INORGANIC POLLUTANTS

3yr 7yr 100yr30yr1yr

-3534-

AIR POLLUTION

STORMWATER POLLUTANTS

SOIL CONTAMINATION

GROUNDWATER PLUMES

PUSSY WILLOW, AMERICAN WILLOWRIVER BIRCH, WATER BIRCH, PAPER BIRCH

AMERICAN ALDERRED MULBERRY

KATSURASCOTS PINESWEET GUM

MAPLESEUCALYPTUS

NINEBARKRED OSIER DOGWOOD

HACKBERRY

SWITCHGRASSBUFFALO GRASS

PAIRING PLANTS WITH CONTAMINATES

PETROLEUM

ORGA

NIC

POLL

UTAN

TS

SEA THRIFTINDIAN MUSTARDALPINE PENNYCRESSCHICORY

As Cd Zn Ni

INOR

GANI

C PO

LLUT

ANTS

PHYTO-REMEDIATION

PAIRING PLANTS WITH CONTAMINATES

-3736-

ORIGIN OF OIL SPILL

AND ORGANIC POLLUTANTS

ORIGIN OF AIR POLLUTION

AND INORGANIC POLLUTANTS

CITY GARDEN IN INORGANIC INDUSTRY AREA

SOIL & GROUND WATER CONTAMINATION BY INDUSTRIAL EFFLUENT. TOPOGRAPHY WATER SYSTEMAIR CONTAMINATION BY TRANSPORTATION FACILITY

ORGANIC POLLUTANTS : PETROLEUM,+TPH, VOC, PCB...

INORGANIC POLLUTANTS : As, Cd, Zn, Ni, Co...

INORGANIC POLLUTANTS : METALS(Cadmium, Zinc, Nickel, Sulfur, Arsenic, Copper, Mercury...)

3-7 yrs

30-100 yrs

ORGANIC POLLUTANTS : PETROLEUM(+TPH, BTEX, MBTE, PAH, Oil, Disel),

VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS(VOC, PCB), +POP, DDT

REFERENCE : KATE KENNEN

TIME CONSUMED FOR REMEDIATION

-3938-

“ We want to reduce Carbon emmissionof the city and remediating the polluted land as well.Also we need to accomodate the same parking lot capacity of existing land."

HOUSTON PORT AUTHORITY COMMISSIONER

10 Mi ????22.7 MiStudio

1 Bedroom

2 Bedroom

3 Bedroom

30%

20%

% Unit SF

40%

10%

500 sf (450)

1,000 (1,050)

750

1,250 (1,200)

LOW-RISE EDIFICE RETAIL SHOPS

HIGH-RISE EDIFICE 1 (TOTAL 800,000 SQF)

WORKERS HOUSING : 100units, 350,000 sqf

COMMUNITY FACILITY CONFERENCE ROOM OBSERVATION DECK

HIGH-RISE EDIFICE 2 (TOTAL 1,100,000 SQF)PARKILNG LOT : 5000 CARS, 1,100,000 sqf

REDUCE THE VMT

-4140-

WORK PLACE : Rubber plant Vinyl plant Chemical refining plant

LIVING PLACE : Single-family housing

PARKING LOT FOR 15,100 CARS

-4342-

10 Mi ????22.7 Mi

VMT PER CAPITA DAILYVMT : VEHICLE MILES TRAVELED (VMT)

KBROXY

CONOCO PHILLIPSMARATHON OIL

SYSCOHALLIBURTON

ARKEMAEXXONMOBIL CHEMICAL

-4544-

PROGRAM TRANSITION : FROM PARKING LOT TO OFFICE

2

-4746-

?

ORGANIC POLLUTANTS

INORGANIC POLLUTANTS

3yr 7yr 100yr30yr1yr

ORGANIC POLLUTANTS

INORGANIC POLLUTANTS

3yr1yr 7yr 100yr30yr

PHASE 0.

PURIFYING THE SITE (PHYTOREMEDIATING THE BROWN FIELD)

PHASE 3.<5yr After.>

ORGANIC POLLUTANTS ARE REMEDIATED.HIGH-RISE EDIFICE AS RESIDENCE FOR WORKERS AND LOCAL AND PARKING LOT.

START TO RETRIEVE THE INVESTMENT.

PHASE 1. <1yr After.>

ACTIVATE THE SITE w/ SMALL GUYS.DESIGNATE DEVELOPER, INVITE CAPITAL AND INVESTORS.

PHASE 4. <20yrs After>

INORGANIC POLLUTANTS ARE REMEDIATED.ATTRACT PEOPLE FROM OUTSIDE,INCREASE IN THE office-NUMBERS ACCORDING TO THE MARKET NEEDS.

PHASE OF PHYTO-REMEDIATION AND PROGRAM TRANSITION

-4948-

ECOLOGICALLY RESPONSIVE HIGHRISE

WHY HIGHRISE?TO MAXIMISE THE EFFECT OF PHYTO REMEDIATIONSATISFY NECESSARY SPACE REAUIREMENTSACT AS FOCAL POINT WITH LOW BLDG FOOTAGE

ECOLOGY + ECONOMY

-5150-

ORGANIC IN INORGANIC CITY

-5352-

FORM MAKING PROCESS

TWO TOWERS’ FORM IS SHAPED WITH THE PURPOSE OF SATIRE FIRST. THIS INTENTION TURNED OUT AS LEANED TWO TOWERS WITH THE ANGLE OF HOUSTON’S SOLAR INCIDENCE ANGLE. IT HELPS TO PROVIDE SHADE FOR RESIDENCE BUILDING AND TO COLLECT SUNLIGHT AT PHOTO VOLTAIC PANNELS.CORES ARE DIVIDED INTO 3 FOR THE SEPERATE USES OF HUMAN AND VEHICLES IN THE FUTURE. ITS PART OF GROUND LEVEL IS EMPTY FOR PHYTO REMEDIATION AND FOR THE STRUCTURAL REASON, CRUTCH IS INSTALLED.PARKING GARAGE IS CLUSTERED WITH AUTOMATED PARKING UNITS AND THIS LEADS EASY-TO-CONSTRUCTION.THE USE OF POLYMER FOR DECK AND SKIN BRINGS ABOUT THE LIGHT WEIGHT STRUCTURE AND STEEL STRUCTURE MAKES UNIT-TRANSFORMATION POSSIBLE. ALL IS FOR INSPIRING HOUSTON CITIZENS WITH ANOTHER WAY OF LIVING IN RELATION TO THEIR HIGH DEPENDENCY ON AUTO VEHICLES AND MAKING ITS CERTAIN URBAN ENVIRONMENT TO BE PRACTICAL BEYOND JUST SATIRE ITS CURRENT SITUATION.

-5554-

HERE IS THE MOMENT THAT INVERSION OCCURS FROM INDUSTRIALZED AND CONTAMINATED LAND TO REMEDIATED AND ECOLOGICALLY FACILITATED LAND, FROM HORIZONTAL AND DULL LANDSCAPE TO VERTICAL, ROBUST BUT SOFT AND FLEXIBLE LANDSCAPE AT THE SAME TIME. IF ZOOMED INTO THE BUILDING SCALE, IT TURNED OUT AS THE INVERSION OF PARKING GARAGE INTO OFFICES, MEANING THAT THE TRANSFORMATION OF THE SPACE FOR MACHINE INTO FOR HUMAN WITH MUCH REQUIREMENTS.THIS IS THE MEETING POINT WITH THE NOTION OF ‘RETERRITORIALIZATION’ BY DELEUZE. THE IMPORTED STRUCTURE OF HIGH RISE, WHICH IS NOT COMMON IN HOUSTON SHIP CHANNEL AREA WILL GO THROUGH ‘RETERRITORIALIZATION’ WHEN IT IS LOCALIZED WITH THE NEEDS OF ECOLOGICAL AND ECONOMICAL URBAN SITUATION. THIS HIGH-RISE WHICH IS ERECTED WITH NEW VISION FOR PURIFYING BROWN FIELDS AND REDUCE THE VMT, CREATED A HYBRID THAT IS NO LONGER FOREIGN.

STRUCTURE MUST GO WITH THE CONCEPT &

PHILOSOPHY OF THE WHOLE BUILDING.

HERE, THE CONCEPT IS TO SATIRE HIGH DEPENDENCY

ON THE PARKING GARAGE OF RESIDENCE BUILDING.

-5756-structure analysis

lifting system

LIFTING SYSTEM

GRAVITY FORCE FLOW

DIAGRID HANGING CABLE FRAME

LIFTING SYSTEM

-5958-skybridge connection

SKYBRIDGE AND PROP CONNECTING TWO TOWERS

TORSION PREVENT STEEL PROP 1

TORSION

TORSION

SKYBRIDGE AND PROP CONNECTING TWO TOWERS

-6160- structure analysis

bracing system

BRACING SYSTEMBRACING SYSTEM

SPACEFRAME

BRACING TRUSS

Welded Joint

BRACING SYSTEM

-6362-

ADDITIONAL SUPPORT

CRUMBLE AWAY!

TORSION PREVENT STEEL PROP 2

ADDITIONAL SUPPORT

-6564-

-6766-

-6968-

Welded Joint4PARKING TRANSFORMATION

-7170-

BY TRANSFORMING PARKING UNITS INTO OFFICES, TWO TOWERS CAN ACCOMPLISH FOR THE REDUCE VMT OF THE INHABITANTS LIVING IN THE NEXT BUILDING.

-7372-

5

-7574-

-7776-

-7978-

-8180-

-8382-

-8584-

-8786-

IN PROCESS ESSAY IN INCIPIENT STAGE OF THE PROJECT

First, I assume that in the future, the city Houston will be more crowded. To meet the demand for higher density, the infrastructure that had once occupied the most of suburban area is pushed to decrease its area size gradually according to the several phases. There is an existing example as this change is already happening. Some portions of Vinyl plants in Houston ship channel were demolished and the Eucalyptus trees were planted in the area so as to purify soil and the environment. After purifying the area enough and if people become less repulsed by the memory of plants, the land might be able to start to be occupied by residents. In that sense, with an array of phases, vinyl plants nearby the ship channel can be given a rebirth that will satisfy residents, environment, power plants and even vinyl plants in the era of high densified society.

Phase 1 : Relocate infrastructure (1.Assume that the demand for natural gas exceed the demand for oil. Current pipelines of the United States are most highly concentrated in Houston. Oil-based industry of Houston will be changed into natural gas-based industry in the future. 2. Forfeited material can be reused such as steel and we can use new materials such as PVC.)Phase 2 : Purifying soil in natural way (Eucalyptus trees, Willow trees and so on.)Phase 3 : Build infrastructure with higher energy efficiency. Programs would be housing for workers or public space nearby waterfront ?

Nearby Houston ship channel, the PVC plant is a leading factor that makes the area with horizontal Landscape of relatively low energy efficiency. Since balloon frame’s single family housings do have low energy efficiency and it can have higher energy efficiency if they share walls in the form of row housings, Vinyl plants in Houston that are horizontally spread in the wide area, also would have full of possibility in higher performance-efficiency.

So far, the land price of Houston has been affordable but there is also significant increasing demand for more available space as Houston is of growth in demographics, housings, electricity, commodity trades, transportation and everything. To be specific, workers want to live nearby their workplace if environmental amenity and affordability can be guaranteed. According to Mr. Hines, kids want to live in suburban area with enough garden space, so the houses need to meet the requirements of workers and their children. There can be some changes in Structural engineering (By stacking, creating instability, connecting moments and volumes.) and material (for example, we can propose to use the PVC, maybe thermostat, for steam stack which is an important part of the whole plants. Vinyl can be used as the building skin that can effectively insulate its inner space with proper aesthetics.)

Recycling or exchange of energy such as heat : Co-generating power plants are already efficient more than other energy-generating systems but if it is reused for housing heating systems, the energy efficiency would rise higher in the winter. In summer when the city’s energy assumption is at the peak, as much as the plants should shut down themselves....................

20 / MAR / 2012

THIS PROPOSAL IS FOR INSPIRING HOUSTON CITIZENS WITH ANOTHER WAY OF LIVING. BEING CRITICAL OF THEIR HIGH DEPENDENCY ON AUTO VEHICLES, MAKING CERTAIN URBAN ENVIRONMENTS PRACTICAL BEYOND THEIR CURRENT SITUATION AND NOT JUST SATIRIZING THEM; INSISTING THAT THIS IS THE RETERRITORIALIZATION OF INDUSTRIALIZED AREAS IN HOUSTON SHIP CHANNEL.

88-

THIS PROPOSAL IS FOR INSPIRING HOUSTON CITIZENS WITH ANOTHER WAY OF LIVING. BEING CRITICAL OF THEIR HIGH DEPENDENCY ON AUTO VEHICLES, MAKING CERTAIN URBAN ENVIRONMENTS PRACTICAL BEYOND THEIR CURRENT SITUATION AND NOT JUST SATIRIZING THEM; INSISTING THAT THIS IS THE RETERRITORIALIZATION OF INDUSTRIALIZED AREAS IN HOUSTON SHIP CHANNEL. 28 / APR / 2012