Salem Witch TrailsSalem Witch Trails

By: Amber NavarreBy: Amber Navarre

Ed. 205 03Ed. 205 03

Salem Witch TrailsSalem Witch Trails AccusersAccusers History of the Events of The Salem Witch TrialsHistory of the Events of The Salem Witch Trials Bridget BishopBridget Bishop Sarah GoodSarah Good Rebecca NurseRebecca Nurse Martha CoreyMartha Corey Sarah OsborneSarah Osborne TitubaTituba More AccusedMore Accused VideoVideo BibliographyBibliography About the AuthorAbout the Author

Accusers Accusers

Betty was the daughter of Reverend Samuel Parris. She was nine years old when the witchcraft epidemic Betty was the daughter of Reverend Samuel Parris. She was nine years old when the witchcraft epidemic broke out in Salem.broke out in Salem.

Her and her cousin began to undertake experiments in fortune telling, using a device known as a “Venus Her and her cousin began to undertake experiments in fortune telling, using a device known as a “Venus Glass.” A Venus Glass consists of an egg white suspended in water in which one could see shapes and Glass.” A Venus Glass consists of an egg white suspended in water in which one could see shapes and figures. figures.

Another accusers was Betty’s cousin Abigail Williams who was either 11 or 12 at the time.Another accusers was Betty’s cousin Abigail Williams who was either 11 or 12 at the time. The girls would bark like a dog when her Reverend Parris would rebuke them.The girls would bark like a dog when her Reverend Parris would rebuke them. The Reverend called on the local physician who diagnosed them as being afflicted by the “Evil Hand” The Reverend called on the local physician who diagnosed them as being afflicted by the “Evil Hand”

commonly known as witchcraft.commonly known as witchcraft. Abigail made a total of 41 complaints.Abigail made a total of 41 complaints. Another main accuser was Ann Putnam Jr. She was 12 years old in 1692.Another main accuser was Ann Putnam Jr. She was 12 years old in 1692. Ann was close friend of several of the other afflicted girls.Ann was close friend of several of the other afflicted girls. After Betty was sent away she and Abigail became the most active, as well as the youngest, of the After Betty was sent away she and Abigail became the most active, as well as the youngest, of the

accusers.accusers. Ann claimed to have been afflicted by sixty-two people.Ann claimed to have been afflicted by sixty-two people. She testified against several in court.She testified against several in court. Most of the afflicted and the accusers were in some way related to the Putnam family. Her mother and her Most of the afflicted and the accusers were in some way related to the Putnam family. Her mother and her

servant were also accusers.servant were also accusers. In 1706, Ann offered a public apology for her participation in the witch trails at Salem; she stood in church In 1706, Ann offered a public apology for her participation in the witch trails at Salem; she stood in church

while her apology was read.while her apology was read. Ann was the only one of the afflicted girls to make such an apology.Ann was the only one of the afflicted girls to make such an apology.

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History of the Events of The Salem Witch TrailsHistory of the Events of The Salem Witch Trails

Sometime during February 1692 the Minster’s daughter and niece began acting Sometime during February 1692 the Minster’s daughter and niece began acting strangely.strangely.

On February 29 arrest warrants were issued for Sarah Good, Tituba the Minster’s On February 29 arrest warrants were issued for Sarah Good, Tituba the Minster’s slave, and Sarah Osborne.slave, and Sarah Osborne.

Some of the accused had previous records of criminal activity including witchcraft.Some of the accused had previous records of criminal activity including witchcraft. By early autumn of 1692, doubts were developing as to how so many respectable By early autumn of 1692, doubts were developing as to how so many respectable

people could be guilty.people could be guilty. By the time the witch-hunt ended, nineteen convicted witches were executed, at By the time the witch-hunt ended, nineteen convicted witches were executed, at

least four died in prison, and one man had been pressed to death.least four died in prison, and one man had been pressed to death. About one to two hundred other persons were arrested and imprisoned on About one to two hundred other persons were arrested and imprisoned on

witchcraft charges.witchcraft charges. In the spring of 1693, Sir William Phips, Governor of Massachusetts, liberated 168 In the spring of 1693, Sir William Phips, Governor of Massachusetts, liberated 168

pepole who were awaiting the hangman’s noose.pepole who were awaiting the hangman’s noose. By 1710, the General Court had began to reverse some of the convictions and By 1710, the General Court had began to reverse some of the convictions and

declared them null and void.declared them null and void. The First Church in Salem erased from their records and blotted out the The First Church in Salem erased from their records and blotted out the

excommunication of Rebecca Nurse and Giles Cory. excommunication of Rebecca Nurse and Giles Cory.

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Bridget BishopBridget Bishop The First witch to be brought to trial was Bridget Bishop.The First witch to be brought to trial was Bridget Bishop. It was her flamboyant life style and exotic manner of dress It was her flamboyant life style and exotic manner of dress

that brought charges of witch craft against her. that brought charges of witch craft against her. On April 18, 1692, a warrant was issued for Bishop’s arrest.On April 18, 1692, a warrant was issued for Bishop’s arrest. In 1680 she had been charged (but cleared) of witchcraft.In 1680 she had been charged (but cleared) of witchcraft. On June 10, 1692, she was taken to Gallows Hill and executed On June 10, 1692, she was taken to Gallows Hill and executed

by the sheriff.by the sheriff. She displayed no remorse and professed her innocence at her She displayed no remorse and professed her innocence at her

execution.execution.

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Sarah GoodSarah Good Sarah Good was one of the first three women accused.Sarah Good was one of the first three women accused. By the time of the trail her and her second husband were homeless, By the time of the trail her and her second husband were homeless,

destitute and she was reduced to begging for work, food, and shelter from destitute and she was reduced to begging for work, food, and shelter from her neighbors.her neighbors.

Particularly damaging to her case, was her accusation by her daughter, Particularly damaging to her case, was her accusation by her daughter, four-year-old Dorcas Good, who was arrested on March 23 and gave a four-year-old Dorcas Good, who was arrested on March 23 and gave a confession, and in doing so implicated her mother as a witch.confession, and in doing so implicated her mother as a witch.

During her trial, one of the afflicted girls cried out that she was being During her trial, one of the afflicted girls cried out that she was being stabbed with a knife by the apparition of Good. Upon examination, a stabbed with a knife by the apparition of Good. Upon examination, a broken knife was found on the girl. However, as soon as it was shown to broken knife was found on the girl. However, as soon as it was shown to the court, a young man came forward with the other part of the knife, the court, a young man came forward with the other part of the knife, stated that he had discarded it in the presence of the afflicted girls. stated that he had discarded it in the presence of the afflicted girls. Although the girl was reprimanded and warned not to lie again, the known Although the girl was reprimanded and warned not to lie again, the known falsehood had no effect on Good’s trial. She was presumed guilty from the falsehood had no effect on Good’s trial. She was presumed guilty from the start.start.

Good was executed on July 19. She failed to yield to judicial pressure to Good was executed on July 19. She failed to yield to judicial pressure to confess, and showed no remorse at her execution.confess, and showed no remorse at her execution.

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Rebecca NurseRebecca Nurse Rebecca Nurse was another woman accused of being a witch.Rebecca Nurse was another woman accused of being a witch. Rebecca was one of the first “unlikely” witches to be accused.Rebecca was one of the first “unlikely” witches to be accused. At the time of her trial she was 71 years old, and had acquired a reputation for exemplary piety that was At the time of her trial she was 71 years old, and had acquired a reputation for exemplary piety that was

virtually unchallenged in the community.virtually unchallenged in the community. Thirty-nine of the most prominent members of the community signed a petition on Nurse’s behalf, and Thirty-nine of the most prominent members of the community signed a petition on Nurse’s behalf, and

several others wrote individuals petitions vouching for her innocence.. One of the signers of the petition, several others wrote individuals petitions vouching for her innocence.. One of the signers of the petition, who had originally sworn out the complaint against Nurse, but apparently had later changed his mind on who had originally sworn out the complaint against Nurse, but apparently had later changed his mind on the matter of her guilt.the matter of her guilt.

At her trial on June 30, the jury came back with a verdict of not guilty. When this was announced there was At her trial on June 30, the jury came back with a verdict of not guilty. When this was announced there was a large and hideous outcry from both the afflicted girls and the spectators. The magistrates urged a large and hideous outcry from both the afflicted girls and the spectators. The magistrates urged reconsideration. Chief Justice Stoughton asked if they had considered the implications of something Nurse reconsideration. Chief Justice Stoughton asked if they had considered the implications of something Nurse had said. When Nurse was asked what she had might she stood there silent being hard of hearing she did had said. When Nurse was asked what she had might she stood there silent being hard of hearing she did not hear them ask her the question. They took her silence as an indication of guilt. The jury deliberated a not hear them ask her the question. They took her silence as an indication of guilt. The jury deliberated a second time and came back with a verdict of guilty.second time and came back with a verdict of guilty.

Nurse was granted a reprieve by Governor Phips, however no sooner had it been issued, the accusers began Nurse was granted a reprieve by Governor Phips, however no sooner had it been issued, the accusers began having renewed fits. having renewed fits.

On July 3, this pious, God fearing woman was excommunicated from her church in Salem Town. On July 3, this pious, God fearing woman was excommunicated from her church in Salem Town. Nurse was sentenced to death on June 30.Nurse was sentenced to death on June 30. She was executed on July 19.She was executed on July 19. After she was buried her family unburied her and hide her body.After she was buried her family unburied her and hide her body. Her two sister were also accused and hung.Her two sister were also accused and hung.

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Martha CoreyMartha Corey On March 11, 1692 Martha Corey, a new yet upstanding On March 11, 1692 Martha Corey, a new yet upstanding

member of the Puritan congregation was accused of being a member of the Puritan congregation was accused of being a witch.witch.

Her skepticism may well have been the chief reason for her Her skepticism may well have been the chief reason for her being accused.being accused.

Her trial was the scene of much talk and agitation.Her trial was the scene of much talk and agitation. Her own husband testified against her.Her own husband testified against her. She was hanged at Gallows Hill on September, 22.She was hanged at Gallows Hill on September, 22. Her husband was the man that was pressed to death. Their Her husband was the man that was pressed to death. Their

farm land was the only land not taken by the sheriff after their farm land was the only land not taken by the sheriff after their deaths, because Giles Corey was not found guilty. He refused deaths, because Giles Corey was not found guilty. He refused to pled, so to get him to pled they tried to press it out of him.to pled, so to get him to pled they tried to press it out of him.

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Sarah OsborneSarah Osborne She was always another of the first three to be accused.She was always another of the first three to be accused. Osborne never confessed to witchcraft nor attempted to accuse Osborne never confessed to witchcraft nor attempted to accuse

anyone else.anyone else. In her own defense, she was the first defendant to assert in her In her own defense, she was the first defendant to assert in her

defense the theological claim that the devil could take the defense the theological claim that the devil could take the shape of another person without their compliance.shape of another person without their compliance.

She never came to trial because she died, shackled in prison on She never came to trial because she died, shackled in prison on May 10, 1692 at the age of 41. May 10, 1692 at the age of 41.

Her husband was also accused of witchcraft.Her husband was also accused of witchcraft. Ultimately, it was her refusal to comprise her integrity that Ultimately, it was her refusal to comprise her integrity that

cost her her life.cost her her life.

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TitubaTituba Tituba was the last of the first three women to be accused of witchcraft. Tituba was the last of the first three women to be accused of witchcraft. She was the slave of Samuel Parris. He brought her to New England for She was the slave of Samuel Parris. He brought her to New England for

Barbados.Barbados. Tituba made herself a likely target for witchcraft accusations when shortly Tituba made herself a likely target for witchcraft accusations when shortly

after Parris’ daughter, Betty, began having strange fits, she participated in after Parris’ daughter, Betty, began having strange fits, she participated in the preparation of a “witch cake.” Parris was enraged when he found out the preparation of a “witch cake.” Parris was enraged when he found out about the cake, and shortly thereafter the afflicted girls named Tituba as a about the cake, and shortly thereafter the afflicted girls named Tituba as a witch. Parris beat her until she confessed.witch. Parris beat her until she confessed.

By confessing early on, Tituba avoided the ordeal of going to trail, joining By confessing early on, Tituba avoided the ordeal of going to trail, joining with the afflicted girls in providing key evidence against accused witches. with the afflicted girls in providing key evidence against accused witches. Her husband, John, would also fall into fits, and become afflicted.Her husband, John, would also fall into fits, and become afflicted.

When public sentiment towards the accusers and the trials began to change When public sentiment towards the accusers and the trials began to change Tituba recanted her confession.Tituba recanted her confession.

This further enraged Parris, who in retaliation, refused to pay the jailer’s This further enraged Parris, who in retaliation, refused to pay the jailer’s fee to get Tituba out of prison. As a result, she spent thirteen months in jail fee to get Tituba out of prison. As a result, she spent thirteen months in jail until an unknown person paid the fee for her release and bought her. until an unknown person paid the fee for her release and bought her.

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More AccusedMore Accused

Another person accused was the old town’s minster.Another person accused was the old town’s minster. A couple was also accused however they managed to A couple was also accused however they managed to

escape for their jail. Since they were rich they could escape for their jail. Since they were rich they could be jailed in a friend’s house.be jailed in a friend’s house.

One of the accusers changed her mind when doing so One of the accusers changed her mind when doing so she became an accused.she became an accused.

An old man was accused and later put to death. The An old man was accused and later put to death. The one who accused him was his own granddaughter she one who accused him was his own granddaughter she later recanted her confession.later recanted her confession.

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VideoVideo

http://www.salemwitchtrials.com/salem-witch-http://www.salemwitchtrials.com/salem-witch-trials-m...trials-m...

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BibliographyBibliography Hansen, Chadwick. Hansen, Chadwick. Witchcraft at Salem.Witchcraft at Salem. New York: George Braziller Inc. New York: George Braziller Inc.

1969.1969. Hill, Frances. Hill, Frances. A Delusion of Satan.A Delusion of Satan. New York: Da Capo Press Inc. 1995. New York: Da Capo Press Inc. 1995. YouTube.comYouTube.com

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About the AuthorAbout the Author

Amber NavarreAmber Navarre Student at Grand Valley State University Student at Grand Valley State University My major is History with an Elementary Education.My major is History with an Elementary Education. I have an associates degree in Child Development.I have an associates degree in Child Development. I’m a junior at GVSU, I transferred from GRCC.I’m a junior at GVSU, I transferred from GRCC. Amber_navarre2002@yahoo.comAmber_navarre2002@yahoo.com to contact me. to contact me.

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