Safety Star Grading for Bus Operators...gazetted under Occupational Safety and Health Act 1994 (OSHA...

Malaysian Institute of Road Safety Research Lot 125-135, Jalan TKS 1, Taman Kajang Sentral, 43000 Kajang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia. Tel : 603 - 8924 9200 Faks : 603 - 8733 2005E-mail : [email protected] : www.miros.gov.my Safety Star Grading

for Bus Operators: Star RatingMALAYSIAN INSTITUTE OF ROAD SAFETY RESEARCH

MALAYSIAN INSTITUTE OF ROAD SAFETY RESEARCH

Safety Star Grading for Bus Operators: Star Rating

MCP No. 123

(CVR) MCP Safety Grading of Bus Operators.pdf 1 7/29/13 10:48 AM

MCP No. 123

Safety Star Grading for Bus Operators:

Star Rating

Norlen Mohamed, MD

Tan Choon Yeap

Mohd Rasid Osman, P Eng

Mohamad Suffian Ahmad

Wahida Ameer Batcha

Ilhamah Othman

Aimi Mohd Fahmi

Fuad Abas, P Eng

_______________________________________________________________________________

MIROS © 2013. All rights reserved.

Published by:

Malaysian Institute of Road Safety Research (MIROS) Lot 125-135, Jalan TKS 1, Taman Kajang Sentral, 43000 Kajang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia. Perpustakaan Negara Malaysia Cataloguing-in-Publication Data Safety star grading for bus operators: star rating /

Norlen Mohamed … [et al.] Bibliography: p. 13 ISBN 978-967-5967-46-7 1. Bus lines—Safety measures—Malaysia. I. Norlen Mohamed, 1970- 388.32209595

Printed by: Malaysian Institute of Road Safety Research

Typeface : Calibri Size : 11 pt

DISCLAIMER None of the materials provided in this report may be used, reproduced or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including recording or the use of any information storage and retrieval system, without written permission from MIROS. Any conclusion and opinions in this report may be subject to reevaluation in the event of any forthcoming additional information or investigations.

Safety Star Grading of Bus Operators: Star Rating

iii

Contents Page

Acronyms v

List of Figures vi

List of Tables vii

Acknowledgement

1.0 Background 1

2.0 Purpose of Safety Star Grading 2

3.0 Conceptual Framework for Safety Star Grading 3

3.1 Validity of Safety Star Grading 6

3.2 Invalidity of Safety Star Grading 6

3.3 Renewal of Safety Star Grading 6

4.0 Assessment Approach and Method of Safety Star Grading 7

5.0 Benefits to Stakeholders 11

6.0 Conclusion 12

ix


iv

Page

References 13

Appendix 1 List of the Elements and Sub Elements for Respective

Safety Star Grading 14

Appendix 2 Requirement of Score Obtain for Respective

Level of Safety Star Grading 19

Appendix 3 Demerits for Incidences 20

Appendix 4 Certificate of Safety Star Grading Award 21

Appendix 5 JKKP 8 Forms 22


v

Acronyms CRIS-P Crash Injury Science & Prevention

DG Director-General of MIROS

ICOP SHE 2010 Industrial Code of Practice Safety, Health and Environment for

Transportation Sector 2010

LPTC Land Public Transport Commission

MIROS Malaysian Institute of Road Safety Research

OSHA 1994 Occupational Safety and Health Act 1994

RMP Royal Malaysia Police

RTD Road Transport Department

SHC Safety and Health Committee

SHE COP Safety, Health and Environment Code of Practice for Transportation

Sector

VSB Vehicle Safety & Biomechanics Research Centre


vi

List of Figures

Page

Figure 1 Conceptual framework of Safety Star Grading 3

Figure 2 Safety items requirement according to the level of star grading 4


vii

List of Tables Page Table 1 Level of Safety Star Grading and scores 5 Table 2 Incidences and demerit points 5 Table 3 Assessment procedure flow chart 7 Table 4 Details of assessment procedure 9

ix

Acknowledgement

The authors would like to express their sincerest appreciation to the Director-General of

the Malaysian Institute of Road Safety Research (MIROS) for extending full support in

producing this guideline. Our deepest gratitude goes to all the stakeholders involved,

related enforcement agencies such as Road Transport Department (RTD), Road Safety

Department (RSD), Department of Occupational Safety and Health (DOSH), Land Public

Transport Commission (LPTC), Ministry of Tourism (MOTOUR) and all representatives

from bus operators for their commitment in a series of discussions during the

development process who have worked hard, contributed their invaluable ideas, inputs,

energy and time towards the production of this guideline. The authors would also like to

express special thanks to the team members Rahiza Mohamed@Hussin, Mohamad

Sahidi Mushawir and Ahmad Huzairi Mohd Salleh for their help and contribution in

completing this guideline.



1

1.0 Background

Malaysia, a fast growing economy country, requires people to move around for their

businesses and land transportation is considered as the most convenient and affordable

mode for the people to travel in accomplishing their needs and objectives. In term of

road safety, according to research done, the safest mode for travelling is the public

transport and the government has also been promoting and encouraging the general

public to use the public transport as a safer mode of travel. Unfortunately, the level of

positive perception of the general public towards the choice of public transport is still

very low due to various reasons including safety issues. One of their grievances is that

there is a lack of information for them to choose the most appropriate provider in terms

of safety, comfort and punctuality that meet their needs for them to travel with

confidence despite many initiatives have been implemented to promote the use of

public transport as a safer mode of travel.

One of the initiatives of improvement in term of safety and health in public

transportation sector which has been implemented is the Safety, Health and

Environment Code of Practice for Transportation Sector (SHE COP) which was later

gazetted under Occupational Safety and Health Act 1994 (OSHA 1994) as the Industrial

Code of Practice in Transportation Sector in the year 2010 (ICOP SHE 2010). The

implementation of ICOP 2010 which is very much confine to the bus operators and the

status of their implementation in comparing their levels of achievement is not

‘consumable’ and easily understood by the general public at large in order for them to

make the right choice when they want to travel particularly by using the bus.

Thus, the safety star grading for bus operators is formulated to provide an indicator of

the safety performance of bus operators for the general public to make their best choice

with confidence when they want to travel. On the other hand, the safety star grading

also would benefit the bus operators themselves in term of their image, publicity and

reputation.


2

2.0 Purpose of Safety Star Grading

The main purpose of safety star grading for the bus operators is to provide vital

information for the consumption of general public in making the right choice for a

better and safer journey. Customers would be able to distinguish between different

safety standard practiced of bus operators. Apart from that, this safety star grading

would also demand bus operators to improve their operations not only in safety and

health aspect but also on other service performances.

In addition to this, the safety star grading for bus operators provides a platform for bus

operators to continually improve their services which would be a good selling point for

their company’s image as well as marketing purposes and also for them to compete

amongst themselves in terms of safety operation.


3

3.0 Conceptual Framework for Safety Star Grading

The framework of safety star grading is made up of four main components, namely,

Safety, Health, Service Performance and Comfort. The safety component is further

subdivided into five elements, such as Safety and Health Policy, Organisation, Planning

and Implementation, Evaluation and Action (POPEA). Subsequent to that, the element

of planning and implementation is further detailed to three sub-elements: Driver

Management, Vehicle Management, and Route and Risk Management. Under this

framework, there are altogether 47 mandatory items and sixteen 16 optional items to

be complied with. The minimum numbers of requirement for the mandatory and

optional items depends on each level of star grading.

Most of the items in the Safety component are derived from the ICOP 2010. In addition

to that, other components such as Health, Service Performance, and Comfort are

included as a requirement for a higher star grading. Figure 1 shows the conceptual

framework of the safety star grading.

Figure 1 Conceptual framework of Safety Star Grading

Health

Safety

Comfort

Service

Performance

Safety and

Health Policy

Evaluation

Action

Organisation

Driver

Management

Vehicle

Management

Route and

Risk

Management

Planning and

Implementation

SAFETY

STAR

GRADING

Components Elements Sub-elements


4

The safety star grading will be awarded in ranging from 1 star to 5 stars. The compliance

to safety requirements also increases according to the level of star grading (Figure 2).

Thus, the number of star awarded reflects the level of safety.

*16

+7

+10

+5

+5

20

Compulsory items 20 25 30 40 47

Optional items 16

Score 51-64 65-69 70-79 80-99 100-111

Figure 2 Safety items requirement according to the level of star grading

In order for the star grading to be awarded, the operators have to comply with the

following conditions.

First Condition (minimum requirement of mandatory items.

1. To qualify for 1 star the bus operators have to comply with 20 mandatory items;

2. To qualify for 2 stars the bus operators have to comply with 5 additional

mandatory items;


mandatory items;


mandatory items;


mandatory items and score a minimum of 13 points from 24 points for 16

optional items.

Second Condition (requirement of marks obtained).

The bus operators must achieve certain score to obtain the respective level of star as

listed in Table 1.

+ Additional compulsory items

* Optional items


5

Table 1 Level of Safety Star Grading and scores

Level Of Safety Star Grading Scores

1 star 51–64

2 stars 65–69

3 stars 70–79

4 stars 80–99

5 Stars 100–111

Demerit Points:

The total mark will be deducted accordingly (demerit point) if the operator is found to

commit or involve with the following incidences (Table 2).

Table 2 Incidences and demerit points

Incidences Demerit

1. Tailgating, hand phone use while

driving, dangerous overtaking, red light

running

Deduct 5 points

2. Driver caught positive drug/alcohol

(operation base)

Deduct 5 points

3. Fatal crash (due to operators

negligence)

Deduct 10 points

For initial assessment, demerit points for incidences occurred six months before the

decision made by the vetting committee. The points shall be deducted from the total

mark and demerit points (table 2) for any incidences will also be deducted from the

total mark within the validity period of the award. Consequently it may result in the

changes of star level of grading. The star grading will be awarded according to the final

scores obtained (after deducting the demerit points, if applicable).

Calculation of Score:

Scores = Score for Compulsory Item + Score for Optional Item – Demerit Point


6

3.1 Validity of Safety Star Grading

The star grading shall be valid for the period of two years from the date of decision

made by the Vetting Committee which will be specified in the award certificate.

3.2 Invalidity of Safety Star Grading

The awarded star grading shall become invalid with immediate effect if the operator is

found to be involved in any fatal crash due to operator’s negligence at any point of time

within the validity period or upon expiry date stated in the award certificate. The award

certificate shall automatically become invalid if the operator is found to provide

inaccurate information. Malaysian Institute of Road Safety Research (MIROS) reserve

the right to withhold the award certificate if the operator is found to be involved in any

accident through MIROS monitoring mechanism for crashes until further notice. MIROS

shall issue a letter of award withdrawal to the respective operator if the award becomes

invalid or if there is any change of star grading level. The operator may apply for a

reassessment of the star grading six months after the date of the fatal crash incident.

3.3 Renewal of Safety Star Grading

The operator shall apply in writing for the renewal of star grading upon the expiry

period of the star grading.


7

4.0 Assessment Approach and Method of Safety

Star Grading

Safety star grading assessment would be performed on bus operators upon their

voluntary request through formal letter/application or email. The overall process flow

for the safety star grading is as follow.

Table 3 Assessment procedure flow chart

Process flow Responsibility Document

Bus operator

VSB, CRIS-P unit

Director of VSB

Assessment team

members

Letter/email

Appointment letter

Assessment form

Application for safety star grading

Appointment for assessment

Appointment of assessment team members

First condition compliance

Second condition compliance

Assessment

A


8

Assessment team

members

Director of VSB

Vetting

committee & DG

Assessment

report

Endorsement of

assessment

report

Certificate of award

(Appendix 4)

Demerit incidences

Assessment report

Awarding Safety Star Grading

Vetting committee

A


9

Table 4 Details of assessment procedure

Responsibility Action

Bus operators

Application for Safety Star Grading

1. Submit application by letter/email to MIROS.

2. Applicants must declare that they were not involved

in any fatal crash within six months period before the

date of application.

VSB, CRIS-P unit

Appointment for assessment

1. Process the safety star grading application from bus

operators that did not involve in any fatal crash

within the six month period before the date of

application.

2. Fix an appointment date for the assessment with the

bus operators.

Director of VSB

Appointment of assessment team members

1. The Director of VSB shall be the chairperson.

2. Chairperson of the Vetting Committee shall appoint

the team members for the assessment.

3. An appointment letter signed by the Chairman of the

Vetting Committee will be sent to each team

member.

4. Team member shall consist of at least three officers.

5. Team leader will organise and conduct the

assessment.

Assessment team

members

Assessment

1. The methodology of assessment is based on

document verification, site inspection and

observation, and interview or surveys.

2. Assess the compliance for the First Condition as per

Appendix 1 (List of the elements and sub elements

for respective Safety Star Grading).

3. For Second Condition, total calculated marks is cross-

checked with the table as per Appendix 2

(Requirement of score obtain for respective level of

Safety Star Grading) to decide on the star level

grading.

4. For Demerit Point, demerit marks will be deducted

accordingly if there is any occurrence of incidences

as per Appendix 3 (Demerits for incidences). The final


10

calculated scores (after deduction, if any) to be cross-

checked with the table as per Appendix 2.

5. Assessment report will be produced by the team

leader based on input from the team members.

6. Team leader to submit report to the vetting

committee with recommendation of grade to be

awarded for the bus operators.

Director of VSB

Vetting committee

1. Vetting committee members will be appointed by

the Director of VSB, MIROS.

2. The meeting will be chaired by the Director of VSB,

MIROS.

3. Reviews submitted report and endorse the grade to

be awarded.

Vetting committee &

DG

Awarding of Safety Star Grading

1. Certificate as per Appendix 4 (Safety Star Grading

Award) to be signed by the Director-General of

MIROS.

2. The certificate of award shall be sent to the

respective operators by CRIS-P Unit.


11

5.0 Benefits to Stakeholders

This Safety Star Grading will give good return of investment for the bus operators as the

organisation can use this grading for marketing purposes. Besides, if the operators

participate in this assessment, they will benefit in terms of complying with the ICOP SHE

2010 and OSHA 1994. It also provides great opportunities for new services and business

expansion as this will give advantage to operators to build better image and sales if the

star grading is higher. Public at large will be able to choose the providers they wish to

obtain value for money and also peace of mind to travel. Government and other

relevant stakeholders such as MIROS, LPTC, RTD, Royal Malaysia Police (RMP) will also

benefit if the operators can improve their safety performance hence, reduce the

number of road crashes and ultimately the number of fatalities.


12

6.0 Conclusion

It is believed that with the full participation of bus operators, this Safety Star Grading for

Bus Operators will be effective in providing important indicator to the general public to

make the right choice when they want to travel. It will also encourage the general public

to travel more with public transportation as safety aspect has been improved by the bus

operators and eventually reduce the risk of road crashes. It is hoped that this initiative

will have an impact on modal shift from private vehicle to public transport.


13

References

Akta Keselamatan dan Kesihatan Pekerjaan 1994 (Akta 514).

MIROS (2007), Kod amalan keselamatan, kesihatan dan persekitaran untuk sektor

pengangkutan, MCP 1/2007, Kuala Lumpur: Institut Penyelidikan Keselamatan Jalan

Raya Malaysia.

Tataamalan industri keselamatan dan kesihatan pekerjaan bagi aktiviti pengangkutan

jalan 2010 (2010), JKKP DP(S) 127/379/3-5, Jabatan Keselamatan Dan Kesihatan

Pekerjaan, Kementerian Sumber Manusia, Malaysia.


14

Appendix 1

List of the Elements and Sub Elements for Respective

Safety Star Grading

Number of mandatory items: 20

POLICY Score

1. Policy is dated, reviewed and signed by top management 3

ORGANISATION

1. Safety issues discuss in management meeting /Safety and Health

Committee (SHC) meeting

3

2. There is a documented Safety and Health Committee organization chart

and directly reporting to Top Management-Applicable for 40 employees

and above

3

3. Chairman is top management (or his appointed representative)-

Applicable for 40 employees and above

3

PLANNING & IMPLEMENTATION

WRITTEN DRIVER MANAGEMENT STANDARD OPERATING PROCEDURE (SOP)

1. Driver recruitment procedure 3

2. Training and awareness program-Basic training (Vehicle

familiarization/safety)

3

3. Driving procedure

a. Pre-duty assessment by supervisor 3

4. Driving hours and working hours compliance 3

5. Driving roster implemented 3

6. Drivers monitoring system-Log book 3

7. Self-evaluation (Self-assessment by driver) 3

WRITTEN VEHICLE MANAGEMENT SOP

1. Checklist on vehicle safety devices 3

2. Vehicle preventive maintenance/service 3

3. Vehicle license—license, permit, inspection by authority 3

4. Vehicle defect/breakdown recording and reporting 3

WRITTEN ROUTE RISK MANAGEMENT SOP

1. Hazard identification and risk assessment along routes 3


15

2. Risk management along routes 3

3. Emergency response 3

4. Accident reporting system on actual accident 3

EVALUATION & ACTION

1. Internal audit/monitoring 3

Same as the 1 star’s requirement (20 items) with additional compulsory items (5 items).

Refer to table below.

POLICY Score

1. Policy prominently displayed 1

2. Policy communicated and understood (through briefing

/training/display)

1

ORGANISATION

1. Chairman, secretary and all committee members are formally appointed.

(Check appointment letter)-Applicable for 40 employees and above

1

2. Number of Employee representatives

(Minimum 2 for less than 100 employees. Minimum 4 for 100 employees

and above)-Applicable for 40 employees and above

1



1. Procedure for vehicle acquisition, replacement and disposal. 1

Same as 1 star’s (20 items) and 2 star’s requirements (5 items) with additional

compulsory items (5 items). Refer to table below.

ORGANISATION Score

1. Members of SHC had Occupational Safety and Health (OSH) awareness

training.

1

2. For every meeting, total number of representatives for employer and

employee who attend equals or exceeds 50%

1


WRITTEN DRIVER MANAGEMENT SOP


16

1. Drivers monitoring system—Global Positioning System (GPS) (by time

frame)

1

WRITTEN ROUTE RISK MANAGEMENT SOP

1. Incident reporting system 1

2. Annual incident/accident reporting to DOSH (JKKP 8) (refer Appendix 5) 1

Same as 1 star’s (20 items), 2 star’s (5 items) and 3 star’s requirements (5 items) with

additional compulsory items (10 items). Refer to table below.

ORGANISATION Score

1. All staff were informed about SHC/Safety Personnel and it was

documented

1

2. Minimum one committee meeting in three months-Applicable for 40

employees and above

1

3. Chairman is present for every meeting-Applicable for 40 employees and

above

1

4. Secretary is present for every meeting-Applicable for 40 employees and

above

1

5. SHC conducts workplace inspection at least once in 3 months 1

6. Members of SHC had training on roles and responsibilities of Safety and

Health Committee as described under the Section 29 OSHA

1


WRITTEN DRIVER MANAGEMENT SOP

1. Driver categorisation 1

2. Training and awareness program—Defensive driving 1

3. Driver incentives and demerit (including traffic summonses) 1


1. Vehicle assignments 1


17

Same as 1 star’s (20 items), 2 star’s (5 items) and 3 star’s (5 items), 4 star’s requirements

(10 items) with additional compulsory items (7 items) and optional items (16 items).

Refer to table below.

Compulsory

ORGANISATION Score

1. All aware of the SHC 1

2. SHC members are trained in accident investigation 1


WRITTEN ROUTE RISK MANAGEMENT SOP.

1. Personal insurance against accidents (driver and co-driver) 1

2. Passenger and baggage management 1

3. Accident reporting system on near misses 1

4. All of the above elements are monitored in regular formal meetings and

documented

1

EVALUATION & ACTION

1. External audit/third party evaluation 1

Optional

ORGANISATION Marks

1. Minutes of every meeting is circulated within 2 weeks 1

SERVICE PERFORMANCE (CUSTOMER FEEDBACK)

1. Speed compliance (if no information from GPS/Log Book)

-minimum 2/3 of customer’s perceptions

1

2. Use of seatbelt for driver 1

3. No smoking while driving 1

4. Safety practice at terminal/Rest & Service Areas

(e.g., make announcement, count passengers, etc.)

1

5. Punctuality for departure

-minimum 2/3 of customer’s perceptions

1

6. Seatbelt install for all seats (for newly registered bus starting from 2013) 1

7. Customer complaints mechanism (hotline number, feedback box) 1

COMFORT (CUSTOMER FEEDBACK)

1. Cleanliness of internal and external bus 1

2. Seat condition 1


18

3. Excessive smoke emission 1

4. Ambience (e.g., vibration, pleasant odour, etc.) 1

HEALTH

1. Indoor air quality 3

2. Random check on drug and alcohol by company 3

3. Medical profile of driver maintain by the company 3

4. Fatigue Risk Management System 3


19

Appendix 2

Requirement of Score Obtain for Respective Level of

Safety Star Grading

Level of Safety

Star Grading

Condition to comply

First condition Second condition

(Scores)

Third condition

1 Star

Must comply to minimum

requirement of respective star

51–64

Demerit for

incidences

(as specified in

Appendix 3)

2 Stars 65–69

3 Stars 70–79

4 Stars 80–99

5 Stars 100–111


20

Appendix 3 Demerit for Incidences

No Incidences Demerit

1. Tailgating, hand phone use while driving, dangerous

overtaking, red light running

Deduct 5 points

2. Driver caught positive drug/alcohol (operation

base)

Deduct 5 points

3. Fatal crash (due to operators negligence) Deduct 10 points


21

Appendix 4

SAFETY STAR GRADING

AWARD

2013

……………Company ABC…………………………

Business Registration No:

Has been awarded

for the Safety Star Grading for Bus Operators

On --/--/----

Serial No: 01/2013

Validity Period: DD/MM/YY- DD/MM/YY

……………..………………. PROF. DR. WONG SHAW VOON

Director-General

Malaysian Institute of Road Safety Research


22

Appendix 5


23

Malaysian Institute of Road Safety Research Lot 125-135, Jalan TKS 1, Taman Kajang Sentral, 43000 Kajang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia. Tel : 603 - 8924 9200 Faks : 603 - 8733 2005E-mail : [email protected] : www.miros.gov.my Safety Star Grading

for Bus Operators: Star RatingMALAYSIAN INSTITUTE OF ROAD SAFETY RESEARCH

MALAYSIAN INSTITUTE OF ROAD SAFETY RESEARCH

Safety Star Grading for Bus Operators: Star Rating

MCP No. 123

(CVR) MCP Safety Grading of Bus Operators.pdf 1 7/29/13 10:48 AM

Safety Star Grading for Bus Operators...gazetted under Occupational Safety and Health Act 1994 (OSHA...

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