Safety & Sanitation Veterinary Assisting Mrs. Cook.
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Transcript of Safety & Sanitation Veterinary Assisting Mrs. Cook.
Safety & Sanitation
Veterinary AssistingMrs. Cook
SafetyPeople who work with animals are faced with potentially hazardous situations on a daily basis.
Safety• OSHA: Government agency that “assures
safe and healthful working conditions for working men and women”.
• 1970: Occupational Health and Safety Administration is created
Safety• MSDS: Material Safety Data Sheet
• An MSDS is required to accompany any chemical that is flammable, corrosive, or poisonous.
• Includes the following 8 sections:
• 1. Manufacturer Information• 2. Hazard Ingredients/Identity Information• 3. Physical/Chemical Characteristics• 4. Fire and Explosion Hazard Data• 5. Reactivity Data• 6. Health Hazard Data• 7. Precautions for Safe Handling and Use• 8. Control Measures
Safety Hazards-Chemical
• Drugs• Cleaning Agents• Insecticides• Anesthetic Gases
Safety Hazards-Chemical• Chemical Hazard Symbols:
AlcoholsExamples: Ethyl alcohol, Isopropyl alcohol, Ethanol• Effective against gram positive and negative bacteria• Usually diluted to 60-70%• Irritating to tissues, cytotoxic (toxic to living cells)• Used as a solvent for disinfectants and antiseptics
AldehydesExamples: Gluteraldehyde, Formaldehyde• Effective against gram positive and negative bacteria,
fungi, and most viruses• Irritating and toxic to tissues
ChlorineExample: Bleach• Effective against gram positive and negative bacteria,
fungi, and most viruses• Cheapest, most effective chemical disinfectant• Irritating and toxic to tissues
Iodine and IodophorsExamples: Betadine• Effective against gram positive and negative bacteria, and
fungi• Usually used in solution with water or alcohol• Iodophors = iodine mixed with detergent to use as a surgical
scrub• Stains and irritates tissues• Kills microbes but has limited activity against bacterial spores
Quaternary Ammonias
Examples: Centrimide, Quatsyl-D• Effective against gram positive bacteria and some
gram negative bacteria, some fungi, and some viruses
Safety Hazards-PhysicalAnimal Injuries: Frightened or nervous animals are more prone to biting, kicking, and scratches• Proper restraint is imperative• Especially dangerous with large animals• Cat’s needle-like teeth and sharp claws
harbor bacteria
Safety Hazards-Physical• Back injuries: improperly lifting heavy
objects or animals
Safety Hazards-Physical• Falls on wet floors• Exposure to X-Rays
Safety Hazards-Zoontoic
• Zoonotic: Any disease that can be passed from animals to humans
• Viruses• Bacteria• Parasites• Fungi
Safety Hazards-Zoontoic• Virus: A pathogen consisting of a single nucleic acid surrounded by a protein coat and having the ability to replicate only within a living cell
• Viral Diseases:• Rabies (Hydrophobia)• Sleeping Sickness (Encephalitis)
Safety Hazards-Zoontoic• Bacteria: A microorganism that can
reproduce on it’s own (doesn’t need a host cell)
• Bacterial Diseases:• Cat Scratch Fever• Leptospirosis• Salmonellosis• Brucellosis• Anthrax• Tuberculosis
Safety Hazards-Zoontoic
• Parasite: An organism living within or on another organism.
• Parasitic Diseases:• Sarcoptic mange• Toxoplasmosis• Visceral Larva Migrans (Toxocariasis)• Creeping Eruption (Ancylostomiasis)
Safety Hazards-Zoontoic
• Fungal Diseases: • Ringworm
Safety Hazards-Biological• Living tissue and organisms• Blood • Urine• Live Vaccines• Medical waste that has had contact with
living tissue (urine soaked blankets, bandage material, etc.)
• Needles and scalpels—”Sharps”
Safety Signs and Equipment
•Danger
Safety Signs and Equipment
•Biohazard
Safety Signs and Equipment
•Radioactive
Safety Signs and Equipment
•Wet Floor
Safety Signs and Equipment
•Dosimeter
Safety Signs and Equipment
•Lead Gloves
Safety Signs and Equipment
•Lead Apron
Safety Signs and Equipment
•Back Brace
Types of Sanitation
• Cleaning: Physically removing all visible signs of dirt and organic matter such as feces, blood, hair, etc.
• Disinfecting: Destroying most microorganisms on nonliving things by physical or chemical means
Types of Sanitation• Sterilizing: Destroying ALL
microorganisms and viruses on an object using chemicals and/or heat under pressure
• Antiseptics: Solutions that destroy microorganisms or inhibit their growth on living tissue
Methods of Sanitation• Physical Cleaning: Using a chemical
with a mop or sponge• Cold Sterilization: Soaking items in a
disinfectant chemical until they are used• Dry Heat: Incinerating an object or
exposing it to flame• Radiation: Using ultraviolet or gamma
rays
Methods of Sanitation• Filtration: Removing particles from the
air using a physical barrier• Ultrasound: Passing high frequency
sound waves through a solution to cerate a vibration that scrubs an object to remove the debris
• Autoclave: A sealed chamber in which objects are exposed to heat and steam under pressure
Drug SchedulesSchedule I: no medical use – high abuse
Heroin, Methaqualone, LSD, Peyote, Psilocybin, Marijuana, Hashish, Hash Oil, amphetamine variants.
Schedule II: accepted medical use – high abuseDilaudid, Demerol, Methadone, Cocaine, PCP, Morphine, and cannabis, amphetamine and barbiturate types.
Schedule III: accepted medical use – medium abuse
Opium, Vicodan, Tylenol w/codine, and narcotic, amphetamine and barbiturate types.
Schedule IV: accepted medical use – low abuseDarvocet, Xanax, Valium, Halcyon, Ambien, Ativan, barbiturate types.
Schedule V: accepted medical use – very low abuse
Lomotil, Phenergan, liquid suspensions.