Safety : OSHA Overview

Safety : OSHA Safety : OSHA OverviewOverview

Introduction to Industrial TechnologyIntroduction to Industrial Technology

Spring 2014Spring 2014

Mr. ShubertMr. Shubert

1

OSHA Office of Training & Education 2

Introduction to OSHA


What is OSHA?What is OSHA?

OOccupational ccupational SSafety and afety and HHealth ealth AAdministrationdministration

Responsible for worker safety and Responsible for worker safety and health protectionhealth protection


Is there a need for OSHA?Is there a need for OSHA?

Nearly 6,000 workplace fatalitiesNearly 6,000 workplace fatalities

50,000 deaths from workplace-related 50,000 deaths from workplace-related illnesses illnesses

5.7 million non-fatal workplace injuries5.7 million non-fatal workplace injuries

Injuries alone cost U.S. businesses over $125 Injuries alone cost U.S. businesses over $125 billionbillion

Each year...Each year...

Source - OSHA Publication 2056Source - OSHA Publication 2056


Has OSHA Made a Difference?Has OSHA Made a Difference?

Helped cut the work-related fatality rate in halfHelped cut the work-related fatality rate in half

Worked with employers and employees to reduce Worked with employers and employees to reduce workplace injuries and illnesses by 40%workplace injuries and illnesses by 40%

Virtually eliminated brown lung disease in the textile Virtually eliminated brown lung disease in the textile industry, andindustry, and

Reduced trenching and excavation fatalities by 35%Reduced trenching and excavation fatalities by 35%

YES!

Since 1970 OSHA has:


What does OSHA do?What does OSHA do?

Encourages employers and employees to reduce Encourages employers and employees to reduce workplace hazards and implement new or workplace hazards and implement new or improve existing safety and health programsimprove existing safety and health programs

Develops and enforces mandatory job safety and Develops and enforces mandatory job safety and health standardshealth standards

Maintains a reporting and recordkeeping system Maintains a reporting and recordkeeping system to monitor job-related injuries and illnessesto monitor job-related injuries and illnesses

Provides assistance, training and other support Provides assistance, training and other support programs to help employers and workersprograms to help employers and workers


Who is covered by the OSH Act?Who is covered by the OSH Act?

Most private sector employeesMost private sector employees

Coverage is provided directly by federal Coverage is provided directly by federal OSHA or through an OSHA-approved state OSHA or through an OSHA-approved state programprogram

Does not cover the self-employed or Does not cover the self-employed or immediate members of farm families that do immediate members of farm families that do not employ outside workersnot employ outside workers


OSHA StandardsOSHA Standards OSHA develops and enforces standards that OSHA develops and enforces standards that

employers must follow.employers must follow.

Where OSHA does not have standards, employers Where OSHA does not have standards, employers are responsible for following the OSH Act's General are responsible for following the OSH Act's General Duty Clause.Duty Clause.

States with OSHA-approved programs must set States with OSHA-approved programs must set standards standards at least as effectiveat least as effective as federal standards. as federal standards.


What does OSHA Require?What does OSHA Require?

Determine which standards apply Determine which standards apply to your workplaceto your workplace

Follow the OSHA standards and Follow the OSHA standards and requirementsrequirements


Recordkeeping and ReportingRecordkeeping and Reporting

• Employers of 11 or more Employers of 11 or more employees must maintain employees must maintain records of occupational records of occupational injuries and illnessesinjuries and illnesses

• AllAll employers must display the employers must display the OSHA poster, and report to OSHA poster, and report to OSHA within 8 hours any OSHA within 8 hours any accident that results in a fatality accident that results in a fatality or in-patient hospitalization of 3 or in-patient hospitalization of 3 or more employeesor more employees


Recordkeeping FormsRecordkeeping Forms

Maintained on a Maintained on a calendar year basiscalendar year basis

Summary of records Summary of records for the previous year for the previous year must be posted from must be posted from February through February through April April


What are workers’ responsibilities?What are workers’ responsibilities? Read the OSHA posterRead the OSHA poster Follow the employer’s safety and health rules Follow the employer’s safety and health rules

and wear or use all required gear and and wear or use all required gear and equipmentequipment

Follow safe work practices for your job, as Follow safe work practices for your job, as directed by your employerdirected by your employer

Report hazardous conditions to a supervisor Report hazardous conditions to a supervisor or safety committeeor safety committee

Report hazardous conditions to OSHA, if Report hazardous conditions to OSHA, if employers do not fix thememployers do not fix them

Cooperate with OSHA inspectorsCooperate with OSHA inspectors(see OSHA Workers' web page for more information)


What are workers’ rights?What are workers’ rights? Identify and correct problems in their Identify and correct problems in their

workplaces, working with their employers workplaces, working with their employers whenever possiblewhenever possible

Complain to OSHA about workplace conditions Complain to OSHA about workplace conditions threatening their health or safety in person, by threatening their health or safety in person, by telephone, by fax, by mail or electronically telephone, by fax, by mail or electronically through OSHA’s web sitethrough OSHA’s web site

Section 11(c) of the OSH Act gives workers the Section 11(c) of the OSH Act gives workers the right to seek safe and healthful conditions on right to seek safe and healthful conditions on the job without being disciplined or firedthe job without being disciplined or fired(see OSHA Workers' web page for more information)


OSHA Workers' PageOSHA Workers' Page

www.osha.gov/as/opa/worker/index.html


What are employers’ rights &What are employers’ rights & responsibilities? responsibilities?

Employers must provide a safe and healthful Employers must provide a safe and healthful workplace free of recognized hazards and workplace free of recognized hazards and follow the OSHA standardsfollow the OSHA standards

The OSH Act grants employers important The OSH Act grants employers important rights, particularly during and after an OSHA rights, particularly during and after an OSHA inspectioninspection

Employers must provide training, medical Employers must provide training, medical examinations and recordkeepingexaminations and recordkeeping


Competent Person in ConstructionCompetent Person in Construction• A person who;A person who;

Knows the right standard,Knows the right standard, Can identify hazards in the operation, andCan identify hazards in the operation, and Is designated by the employer, and has the authority to take appropriate actions.Is designated by the employer, and has the authority to take appropriate actions.

• "Competent Person" is found in many standards."Competent Person" is found in many standards.• Some standards set specific requirements for the "competent person."Some standards set specific requirements for the "competent person."


Workplace InspectionsWorkplace Inspections

• Establishments covered by the OSH Act are subject to Establishments covered by the OSH Act are subject to inspection by OSHA compliance safety and health inspection by OSHA compliance safety and health officers (CSHO's)officers (CSHO's)

• Most inspections are conducted without advance noticeMost inspections are conducted without advance notice


What Types of Hazards are Addressed in Standards?

ElectricalElectrical

CranesCranes

FallsFalls

ExcavationExcavation

Scaffolding

Machines

Stairways & Ladders

Chemical


Employer may Qualify for Employer may Qualify for "Focused Inspection" "Focused Inspection"

Has to meet certain conditionsHas to meet certain conditions

Inspector will "focus" on these four Inspector will "focus" on these four hazard areas:hazard areas:

FallsFalls

Struck byStruck by

Caught in/betweenCaught in/between

Electrical Electrical


Inspection ProcessInspection Process

CSHO displays official CSHO displays official credentialscredentials

Opening conferenceOpening conference Walk-around inspectionWalk-around inspection Closing conferenceClosing conference


Conducting the Conducting the Walkaround InspectionWalkaround Inspection

CSHO and accompanying representatives CSHO and accompanying representatives (employer and employee) inspect the (employer and employee) inspect the establishment for potentially hazardous establishment for potentially hazardous working conditionsworking conditions

CSHO discusses possible corrective actions CSHO discusses possible corrective actions with the employerwith the employer

CSHO may consult, at times privately, with CSHO may consult, at times privately, with employeesemployees


What Happens After What Happens After an OSHA Inspection?an OSHA Inspection?

OSHA may or may not issue citationsOSHA may or may not issue citations

Citations inform employer and employees of Citations inform employer and employees of the regulations and standards allegedly the regulations and standards allegedly violated and of the proposed time for violated and of the proposed time for abatement abatement

Employer must post a copy of each citation at Employer must post a copy of each citation at or near place where violation occurred, for 3 or near place where violation occurred, for 3 days or until violation is corrected, whichever days or until violation is corrected, whichever is longer is longer


Sources of AssistanceSources of Assistance• OSHA web site (www.osha.gov)OSHA web site (www.osha.gov)• Consultation assistanceConsultation assistance• Federal and State area officesFederal and State area offices

Speakers, publications, a/v aids, Speakers, publications, a/v aids, technical advicetechnical advice

• Training and educationTraining and education OSHA Training Institute (OTI) and the OSHA Training Institute (OTI) and the

OTI Education CentersOTI Education Centers OSHA Outreach Training ProgramOSHA Outreach Training Program

• OSHA Office of State ProgramsOSHA Office of State Programs• Voluntary Protection ProgramsVoluntary Protection Programs


OSHA Web Site(www.osha.gov)

About OSHA (events, what’s new . . .)About OSHA (events, what’s new . . .)

Compliance Assistance (regulations, Compliance Assistance (regulations, directives, consultation, eTools, training . . .)directives, consultation, eTools, training . . .)

Cooperative Programs (VPP, partnerships …)Cooperative Programs (VPP, partnerships …)

News Room (publications, news releases . . .)News Room (publications, news releases . . .)

Safety / Health Topics (technical links to Safety / Health Topics (technical links to various topics)various topics)

Statistics (Inspection data, BLS survey link ...)Statistics (Inspection data, BLS survey link ...)


Where to Get OSHA StandardsWhere to Get OSHA Standards

Federal Register in public Federal Register in public libraries or at GPO web sitelibraries or at GPO web site

CD-ROM subscription through CD-ROM subscription through U.S. Government Printing Office U.S. Government Printing Office (GPO)(GPO)

Code of Federal Regulations Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) in public libraries and (CFR) in public libraries and through GPOthrough GPO

OSHA web site - OSHA OSHA web site - OSHA standards, interpretations, standards, interpretations, directives (www.osha.gov)directives (www.osha.gov)


Consultation AssistanceConsultation Assistance Provided at no cost Provided at no cost Developed for smaller employers with Developed for smaller employers with

more hazardous operationsmore hazardous operations Delivered by state government agencies Delivered by state government agencies

or universities employing professional or universities employing professional safety and health consultantssafety and health consultants

No penalties are proposed or citations No penalties are proposed or citations issuedissued

Possible violations of OSHA standards Possible violations of OSHA standards are not reported to OSHA enforcement are not reported to OSHA enforcement staff unless employer fails to eliminate staff unless employer fails to eliminate or control any serious hazard or or control any serious hazard or imminent dangerimminent danger


OSHA Emergency Hot-LineOSHA Emergency Hot-Line1-800-321-OSHA1-800-321-OSHA

• Report workplace safety or health fatalities or the hospitalization of 3 or more employees• Report a workplace hazard• File a complaint about a workplace hazard • Request information on OSHA• Request an OSHA publication


SummarySummary OSHA helps save lives and prevent OSHA helps save lives and prevent

injuriesinjuries

OSHA balances a cooperative approach OSHA balances a cooperative approach with traditional enforcementwith traditional enforcement

OSHA standards are the enforceable OSHA standards are the enforceable requirements for worker safety and healthrequirements for worker safety and health

Inspections are OSHA’s way to ensure Inspections are OSHA’s way to ensure compliancecompliance

OSHA offers various means of assistanceOSHA offers various means of assistance

Safety : OSHA Overview

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