Safety Congress 09.ppt - Ohio BWC · 2019. 8. 9. · • The WLL of tie‐downs may be determined...

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3/18/2009 1 How a Loose Load Can Ruin Your Day Presented by Brenda Mayes & Joe Phillips Regional Equipment Training Specialists Ohio Department of Transportation How a loose load can ruin your day

Transcript of Safety Congress 09.ppt - Ohio BWC · 2019. 8. 9. · • The WLL of tie‐downs may be determined...

Page 1: Safety Congress 09.ppt - Ohio BWC · 2019. 8. 9. · • The WLL of tie‐downs may be determined by using either the tie‐down manufacturer's markings or by using the following

3/18/2009

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How a Loose Load Can Ruin Your Day

Presented byBrenda Mayes & Joe Phillips

Regional Equipment Training Specialists

Ohio Department of Transportation

How a loose load can ruin your day

Page 2: Safety Congress 09.ppt - Ohio BWC · 2019. 8. 9. · • The WLL of tie‐downs may be determined by using either the tie‐down manufacturer's markings or by using the following

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How a loose load can ruin your day

How a loose load can ruin your day

Is it really that important?

• Federal DOT Load Securement violations for 2007

• Failing to secure loads  ‐ 2,922  

l l d h f /f ll• Failing to prevent load shifting/falling ‐ 24,885 

• Leaking, Spilling, Blowing or Falling Cargo   ‐ 11,392  

• Failing to meet minimum tie‐down requirements  ‐3,864

Page 3: Safety Congress 09.ppt - Ohio BWC · 2019. 8. 9. · • The WLL of tie‐downs may be determined by using either the tie‐down manufacturer's markings or by using the following

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Is it really that important? (cont’d)

• The Federal Department of Transportation conducted a 33 month study involving over 140,000 large truck accidents.

• Once a road surface changes from wet to Icy• Once a road surface changes from wet to Icy, you are 2 times more likely to have an accident.

• Once a load becomes unstable and shifts, you are 56.3 times more likely to have a major accident.

Regulations

Load Securement

• Load Securement, according to the F.M.C.S.R. is defined as: Prevention against the loss and or shifting of a load.

• “Prevention against the loss of a load ‐ Each motor vehicle must, when transporting cargo on public roads, be loaded and equipped, and the cargo secured to prevent cargo from leaking, spilling, blowing or falling from the motor vehicle.”

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Load Securement Vehicle

Load Securement Vehicle

Loss of a Load

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Load Securement

• “Prevention against shifting of a load – Cargo b i d i bili d dmust be contained, immobilized or secured to 

prevent shifting upon or within the vehicle to such an extent that the vehicle’s stability or maneuverability is adversely affected. “

Load Securement

What load needs to be secured ?

• Any load that is transported on public roads needs to be secure.

Pi k t k– Pick up trucks

– Dump Trucks

– Tag Trailers

– Semi‐trailers  (open or enclosed)

– Multi Modal

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Items For Consideration

• What can be used for Load Securement?

– Tarps (No WLL)

Cargo Netting– Cargo Netting

– Cargo Straps

– Chains & Binders

– Steel Strapping  (No adjustment)

– Wire Rope

– Any item that has a WLL and is adjustable

Multiple tie‐downs

Working Load Limit

• What is a Working Load Limit (WLL)?

– The WLL is the maximum load in pounds that should ever be applied when the chain is new or pp“in as new” condition and the load is uniformly applied in direct tension to a straight length of chain .

– WLLs are used to help determine how many chains and binders must be used to secure a load.

Page 7: Safety Congress 09.ppt - Ohio BWC · 2019. 8. 9. · • The WLL of tie‐downs may be determined by using either the tie‐down manufacturer's markings or by using the following

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Working Load Limits (cont'd)

• The WLL of tie‐downs may be determined by using either the tie‐down manufacturer's markings or by using the following tables.

• WLLs are used to help determine how many chains and binders are needed to secure a load.

WLL  Tables

Size G‐3 G‐4 G‐7 G‐8 G‐10

5/16 1,900 3,900 4,500 4,700 5,700

3/8 2,650 5,400 6,600 7,100 8,800

7/16 3,700 7,200 8,750

1/2 4,500 9,200 11,300 12,000 15,000

Chain Identification

• Grade 70 (transport chain)

• Grade 80 (alloy chain – No grade lower than 80 is approved for over head lifting)

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Chain Identification

Lever Binder

Ratchet Binder

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How many tie‐downs are needed?

How many tie‐downs are needed? (cont’d)

• The WLL must be at least one half times the weight of any article or group of articles being secured.

• The chain and binder together are considered partThe chain and binder together are considered part of the securement system.

• If you use a chain and a binder of different WLLs, that part of the securement system will be rated at the lowest value of the two pieces.

• Two tie‐downs – If the article is 5 ft or less in length and more than 1,100 

lbs in weight. 

Greater than 5 ft but less than 10 ft regardless of

How many tie‐downs are needed? (cont’d)

– Greater than 5 ft but less than 10 ft, regardless of weight.

– If the article is longer than 10 feet.

– One additional tie‐down for every 10 feet of article length, or fraction thereof, beyond the first 10 feet of length.

Page 10: Safety Congress 09.ppt - Ohio BWC · 2019. 8. 9. · • The WLL of tie‐downs may be determined by using either the tie‐down manufacturer's markings or by using the following

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393.130 ‐ Heavy Vehicles, Equipment and Machinery 

• FMCSR requirements are applicable to the transportation of heavy vehicles, equipment and machinery which operate on h l t k h f t d l d b lld

How many tie‐downs are needed? (cont’d)

wheels or tracks, such as front end loaders, bulldozers, tractors and power shovels and which individually weigh 4,536 kg (10,000 lbs) or more. Vehicles, equipment and machinery which is lighter than 4,536 kg (10,000 lbs) may be secured in accordance with these rules, the rules for automobiles, light trucks and vans, or the general freight requirements.

• (b) Preparation of equipment being transported

– Accessory equipment, such as hydraulic shovels must be completely lowered and secured to the vehicle.

How many tie‐downs are needed? (cont’d)

Tie‐downs

Articulated vehicles shall be restrained in a manner preventing articulation while in 

transit.

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Attachments lowered ?

How many tie‐downs are needed?• (c)  Securement of heavy vehicles, equipment or machinery with crawler tracks or wheels.

– In addition to the requirements of paragraph (b), heavy equipment or machinery with crawler 

k h l b i d itracks or wheels must be restrained against movement in the lateral, forward, rearward and vertical direction using a minimum of  four tie‐downs.

– Each of the tie‐downs must be affixed as close as practicable to the front and rear of the vehicle or mounting points.

How do you tie it down?

• There are many different ways to tie‐down a piece of equipment.  The operator hauling the equipment is responsible for ensuring it is tied down correctly.

• All aspects of the law for transporting equipment must be met.

• The amount of chains is determined  by different considerations.

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How do you tie it down? (cont’d)

• When possible, an X pattern should be used to tie‐down equipment.  This will enable the chains to pull against each other and all chains to pull to the middle.

Why use the “X” pattern

• When using an “X” pattern you actually get 6 different points of pull.

• 1 – 2 chains pulling forward

2 2 h i lli d• 2 – 2 chains pulling rearward 

• 3 – 2 chains pulling left

• 4 – 2 chains pulling right

• 5 – 4 chains counteracting pull to the middle

• 6 – 4 chains pulling down 

Four Chain X Cross

Page 13: Safety Congress 09.ppt - Ohio BWC · 2019. 8. 9. · • The WLL of tie‐downs may be determined by using either the tie‐down manufacturer's markings or by using the following

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Do we have enough?

• Even when all the FMCSR requirements are met, if the operator feels more chains are needed, add them

• When finished securing the load, walk around the trailer and ask this question: 

– If I lose this chain or tie‐down, what happens to the load?  If the answer is the load can move, not enough tie‐downs have been used or they are not in the correct positions.

Danger Zones• During loading and un‐loading equipment is when most accidents occur.

– Use a Spotter whenever possible

– Check the trailer deck for holes and debris

– Use tie‐downs correctly (securing and un‐securing)

– Be careful getting on and off the equipment and the trailer

– Use proper lifting techniques with the ramps

Lifting Dangers

Page 14: Safety Congress 09.ppt - Ohio BWC · 2019. 8. 9. · • The WLL of tie‐downs may be determined by using either the tie‐down manufacturer's markings or by using the following

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