Safety Audit of Delhi University by Parivartan - The Gender Forum of Kirori Mal College, DU
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Transcript of Safety Audit of Delhi University by Parivartan - The Gender Forum of Kirori Mal College, DU
2013
SAFETY AUDIT PARIVARTAN: THE GENDER FORUM
KIRORI MAL COLLEGE
University of Delhi
2 SAFETY AUDIT
CONTENTS
1.INTRODUCTION
2. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
3.EVIDENCE
4. ANALYSIS
5. CONCLUSION
6. LIMITATIONS
Appendix: Questionnaire
3 SAFETY AUDIT
INTRODUCTION
This safety audit was conducted in the North Campus area of Delhi University by
Parivartan, the gender forum of Kirori Mal College. The purpose of this audit was to
understand the sense of security and safety that women feel in and around Delhi
University North Campus. It is a pilot project, restricted to a limited area as well as
sample space.
In the wake of the horrific Delhi gang rape case which happened on 16th of December,
2012 and the historical context of continued sexual violence in the region, a need was felt
to assess the level of security that women have in and around the University area to see
how safe the campus is for women and which areas need attention.
The student body of Parivartan (either individually or in teams of two/three) surveyed
163 people, cutting across different age groups – asking them questions listed in the
questionnaire prepared for the survey (a copy of which is attached as appendix). The
responses were noted down by the surveyors and subsequently collated and analyzed.
The population selected for the survey was all female, whose age distribution is
tabulated below.
Age group No. of respondents
1. 18-23 150
2. 24-28 9
3. 27+ 4
Working on our project targeting various north campus localities and stretches (listed in
appendix A) took us around 20 days. Further qualitative and quantitative analysis
followed in our group meetings ensuring the collaboration of all surveyors for the
compilation of the final results.
Any queries/comments apropos of this survey and/or the findings thereof can be
directed to :
Staff Advisor (Parivartan,
KMC)
Shahana Bhattacharya [email protected]
AmrapaliBasumatary [email protected]
4 SAFETY AUDIT
Student member
(Parivartan , KMC)
Gaurav Kumar [email protected]
Riya Raphael [email protected]
A rough sketch of the area surveyed for reference :
5 SAFETY AUDIT
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
A questionnaire containing 13 queries related to various aspects of campus safety was
prepared by the student body of Parivartan. Five of these were multiple-choice or yes/no
type questions; the rest were open-ended. The north campus area of Delhi University
was systematically divided into specific zones, each of which wasdesignated to a team of
two or three student members. The respondents in each zone were encouraged to take
their time and come up with whatever additional insights they wanted to share while the
surveyors recorded the same in the notebooks assigned for the purpose.
After the area was covered and surveyed as planned, the responses to multiple-choice
and numeric questions (viz. rating the campus on a safety scale) were sorted into
frequency distributions. For open-ended questions, different responses were coded and
grouped for the ease of analysis and visual representation. Internal responses and bias
factors (e.g. age) were analyzed simultaneously.
EVIDENCE
The next few pages present the findings of the survey in an integrated format. The
responses to various questions as depicted formed the base of evidence for the analysis
which follows.
6 SAFETY AUDIT
Q1.How often have you found yourself stared at, have had lewd comments
passed at of have been subjected to any other form of harassment?
Q2. What time do you avoid in and around the University for fear of being
harassed?
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Q3. What areas in and around the university do you avoid for the fear of
being harassed?
Q4. Have you been subjected to some form of curfew?
8 SAFETY AUDIT
Q5. Does curfew actually change anything?
Q6. Do you feel safe with police/police establishment around?
9 SAFETY AUDIT
Q7. If you have ever been harassed, how did you respond in such a
situation?
Q8. Have you attempted filing a complaint (In police, College Complaints
Committee, etc) or approached someone for help?
Q9. What was your experience when you reported?
10 SAFETY AUDIT
Q10. Have you ever tried calling the various helpline numbers issued for
such cases?
Q11. Have you ever been approached by somebody in distress who needed
help against being harassed? Did you help or not and why?
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Q12. What is the most common reason which would stop you from reporting
an act of harassment?
Q13.What according to you could be a possible solution to such a situation?
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Q14. Rate the campus in terms of safety on a scale of 0-10.
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List of the areas covered within the North Campus area, the number of
responses according to the specific locations and names of the students who
conducted the survey :
AREAS NO. OF RESPONSES SURVEYOR(S)
Metro station 22 Trishla, Kanika, Dimple
D. School + Hindu College 16
Anushree, Anugya
Patel Chest+ Arts Faculty 16
Shubham, Riya Raphael
Hostel 6 Gaurav, Aditi
Khalsa+ Miranda House 11
Gaurav, Aditi
FMS + Kamla Nagar (Chowk
between Hansraj and Kamla
Nagar market)
10
Riya Gupta, Jagrat
KMC+ Ramjas 23 Jagrat
KMC+ Hansraj 21 Aapurv, Deepti
Inside Kamala Nagar,
private PGs , Malakaganj
15
Prashant
Ramjas, Faculty of Law 8
Pallavi, Prabhash
Stephen‟s, DSE, Hindu 15 Anushree, Anugya
14 SAFETY AUDIT
ANALYSIS
“Every man I meet wants to protect me. I can't figure out what from.”
― Mae West
Safety is such an ambiguous word. More so for women in a city like Delhi, where a Honey
Singh concert is synonymous with a stampede and where masculine aggression rules the
streets especially after dusk, like a monarch who is so drunk on his power that he, almost
rightfully, anticipates no challenge.
Given the presence of the intelligentsia and an educated, diverse crowd on the Delhi
University registers which is supposed to set and refine the standards for the rest of the
society, one would expect the picture to be less murky within its premises. A survey
conducted by the students of the gender forum, Kirori Mal College - Parivartan, however,
contradicts this idea of the university. Women feel unsafe even within the limits of the
very institution which is supposed to give them lessons in empowerment and challenging
the status quo.
In the wake of the horrific gang rape case which happened on 16thdec, ‟12 and as we look
forward to another International Women‟s Day, it becomes important to let the
implications of this statement sink in: The North Campus area of one of the premier
universities of the country is not safe for its female students. This awareness though does
not arise from the immediate gravity of the 16th December incident which sent shock
waves not only throughout the city but even beyond the boundaries of the country; it is
disturbing to note that this survey also comes out of the general history of Delhi
University North Campus as being „always‟ unsafe for generations of university
communities. The history of this campus can very well be also traced through the history
of incidents and culture of sexual violence that occur within and around the campus.
When asked as to how often have they found themselves stared at, have had lewd
comments passed at or have been subjected to any other form of sexual harassment, a
whopping 56.4% of the females surveyed responded with “Very often”. Many of them
emphasized on the fact that “Comments aur staring to bahot aam baat hai” to the extent
that they “have lost count”of the times they had been harassed, sometimes all in a day.
The rest of the 12.8%, who ardently said that they had not faced any kind of sexual
harassment, make one think about the varied understanding of the term “sexual
harassment”, whether they viewed „staring‟, or „passing comments‟ as an act of
harassment or not. Another view could be that they did not want to accept that they had
been harassed, that it was something embarrassing or unmentionable. Both these stances
are disturbing because either there is a lack of awareness about the meaning of “sexual
harassment” or the „guilt baggage‟ of sexual harassment that the Indian society puts on
women is too heavy.
Most of the 163 women surveyed felt more unsafe during evening and night. Some of
them, especially the ones who stay in campus, noted the lack of street lights on many of
the main roads, while others spoke about bikers and car owners who drive and behave
rashly.
15 SAFETY AUDIT
The next query dealt with the areas women avoid in and around the University area for
the fear of being harassed. The respondents came up with various answers including
areas around specific colleges (Kirori Mal , Ramjas, St. Stephen‟s, Faculty of Law, Hindu
College among others), Patel Chest, Chatra Marg, around VC office, the ridge, Cavalry
Lines, the vicinity of the Vishwavidyalaya metro station and the stretch consisting
Bungalow Road, Kamla Nagar , Vijay Nagar and Malkaganj. The even distribution of
responses in regard to all the areas mentioned in the questionnaire demonstrates that it
is not any one specific area which is deemed unsafe but rather the entire campus and
neighbourhood.
Next, people were asked if they had been subjected to some sort of „curfew‟ in light of
the recent events. After the 16th December 2012 gangrape incident it was „understood‟
that women would be told to stay home, return early or to maintain a dress code. Out of
the 163 female respondents, 62% were bound by a time curfew, while 38% did not really
have any defined time but were told “to be alert” -”dhyan rakhna” and so on . The
discontentment in this regard was very clear with 64% of the interviewees asserting that
imposing such restrictions was totally pointless and unfair when, as it is, they have to face
various forms of harassment all day long. The problem, they pointed out, lies outside the
crowd which is being policed and monitored – the women. Awarding safety as policing,
control and different curfew timings for boys‟ and girls‟ hostel, and not ensuring safety as
a universal right, therefore, doesn‟t make sense.
Talking about helpline numbers for women and police, 70% of the respondents admitted
that they do not feel safe with the increased police presence in the area, while 83.5% of
them had never tried calling a helpline number. A group of girls mentioned how they
had tried various helpline numbers and had realized that none of them work as
promised.
The next few questions were concerned with the various reactions to acts of sexual
harassment. When quizzed about their own responses to such acts, 60.7% said that
ignoring a situation of sexual harassment was better. 34.3% said that they had
responded, either by staring back at the offender, or by abusing; some also recounted
the incidents when they were forced to lash out, like this girl who mentioned how she
had used taekwondo to scare off a stalker. The rest, 5%, said that they usually choose to
ignore such situations and act upon them only when they get persistent.
Only 26 out of the 163 respondents had either complained at the police station or with
their College Complaints Committee. Most of them were skeptical about the police and
felt that “Woh toh kuch bhi nahi karti hai” and “Wahan jane ka matlab ulte seedhe sawalon
ka jawab dena hai”. Most of the college going crowd, especially the undergraduate
students, were unaware of the College Complaints Committee.
19 out of the 26 respondents who had reported faced a bad experience in the police
station. Some of them said that the F.I.R was written but nothing came out of it. Another
girl told us about an incident when she went to file an F.I.R and the police officers
requested her not to file it, because the transgressor was a policeman.
Seven women who had reported mentioned that they had been helped after reporting
about the sexual harassment they had faced. One of them had approached the College
16 SAFETY AUDIT
Complaints Committee with a case of stalking; she told us that they had been helpful and
the harassment had stopped after reporting it.
Subsequently when the respondents were interrogated about the factors which would
stop them from reporting such acts of harassment, most felt that “Koi fayda nahi hai”, “
gharwalon ki suno aur police walon ki bhi”. The majority, 39.2%, attributed it to a sense of
futility arising mainly from the indifferent and discouraging attitude of the officials and
authorities concerned. Others cited embarrassment, familial/social pressure and threats
from the offenders as the possible reasons. Threat from the offender/s was also the
primary reason as to why the respondents (73.20%) would hesitate in helping any victims
who approached them for help. However, there were some interesting responses which
came up, where a few girls insisted that nothing would stop them from reporting an act of
harassment and that it was better to report than to stay silent. But the numbers of such
voices of conviction are considerably low.
Towards the end, the respondents were urged to suggest possible solutions. Despite the
large banners that shouted out “Kill the rapists” or “torture the perpetrators” during the
protests in December, the survey revealed that most women - 46.6% feel that unless the
society as a whole would change, paving way for a more gender sensitive and equitable
environment, stricter laws or better implementation of these laws would not help. While
many blamed the upbringing of boys, others spoke about the lack of gender studies and
sex education in schools. Most of them strongly opposed the comments and attitudes of
the people in power as well as the media.
Almost 20% of the respondents asked for more police booths and more women police
personnel. Some also pointed out the importance of a more sustained and intensive
gender sensitizing training process for the police. Others went with censorship of
misogynist representations in art, media (predictably, some of Honey Singh‟s songs
were quoted as examples) and pornographic or explicit movies.
Around 17% of the respondents felt that the matter had to be taken in their own hands,
starting from using pepper spray to taser guns to learning self-defence. These women
felt that the authorities were “of no use” and that “Hume hi strong hona parega”.
For the last question, the responders were asked to rate the campus area on a safety
scale of 0-10. The majority – 76% rated it between 4 to7. 13.5% felt that the campus was
really unsafe, giving it a rating of 0-4.
An inconsistency, ergo, is visible in the responses here. People mentioned being
harassed quite often but would not rate the campus as unsafe or very unsafe.Most went
for the moderately safe option because people generally have the tendency to opt for the
median, rather than choosing the extremes. It also reeks of „normalising‟ sexual
harassment as part of day to day existence in and around the campus.
17 SAFETY AUDIT
CONCLUSION
Delhi University is a premier institution of higher education which is widely regarded as
the merging locus of the best young minds in our country. Hundreds of issues relating to
society are taken up each year within and outside classrooms and curricula, and as
university students they have the space and time to deal with these issues through
decidedly sorted out, refreshing and inclusive approaches like debates, dialogues, study
and readings. It is very strange then, that the same institutional area which produces and
nurtures such talented people for the larger society should also harbour such disturbing
elements which make 76% respondents deem the campus area as unsafe. It is very
disturbing that this campus could very well be the space like any other area in the city,
where the 16th December incident could happen.
The juxtaposition of the young, „educated‟, college-going crowd with such disturbing
acts of sexual harassment is unsettling, to say the least, and warrants immediate attention
of the authorities concerned. A space meant for learning and shaping of intellect should
not be allowed to regress into one where fear shapes the behaviour and performance of
half of the community. This comes across as not just a violation of the meaning of equality
and a learning space, but as a failure of the collective, which cannot be brushed under
the carpet anymore. It also brings us to the fundamental question of how we imagine and
understand university spaces and its relationship with the neighbourhood and society in
general.
The report is a small indicator and points to the widespread nature of sexual harassment
in the Delhi University‟s North Campus. On the eve of the International Women‟s Day on
8 March, it needs to be remembered that sexual harassment on Delhi University‟s
campus has been one long standing issue that needs to be addressed immediately by the
authorities. The right of young women and men at DU to study and learn in an
atmosphere free from anxiety and fear of harassment is a part of their fundamental right
to equality and freedom. The survey‟s findings are a sad reminder that a large number of
students of Delhi University are denied this right every day. In the midst of bringing
about massive changes and „reforms‟ very rapidly, it is unfortunate that the Delhi
University administration has failed to prioritize this issue in its agenda of „reform‟. We
hope that many such surveys will be conducted by other student groups across the
campus and that this issue will be taken seriously by the University.
18 SAFETY AUDIT
LIMITATIONS
1. Sample size: The sample size is small and largely has been restricted to the age
group of 19-25 years of age, therefore the responses and the views cannot be
generalized.
2. Research Methodology: Interviews were conducted as well as questionnaires
were given out to be filled, with a defined set of questions, out of which few were
multiple choice while most were open-ended. But since the idea was to achieve a
qualitative analysis, it was difficult to compile and analyze the data in an
integrated form.
3. Lack of Expertise: The survey has been planned, conducted as well as analyzed
by undergraduate students who lack the professional expertise.
19 SAFETY AUDIT
Appendix : The Questionnaire used
PARIVARTAN-The Gender Forum
KIRORI MAL COLLEGE
Safety Audit
Q1. How often have you found yourself stared at, have had lewd comments passed at of have been
subjected to any other form of harassment?
Q2. What time do you avoid in and around the university for the fear of being harassed?
a) Morning (7AM-12PM )
b) Afternoon (12- 4PM)
c) Evening (4-8 PM)
d) Night (after 8)
Q3. What areas in and around the university do you avoid for the fear of being harassed?
Q4.Have you ever been subjected to a curfew, keeping in view the current situation? What kind of
curfew is it and does it stop harassment or change anything?
Q5.Do you feel safe with police/police establishment around?
Q6. If you have ever been harassed, how did you respond in such a situation?
Q7. Have you attempted filing a complaint (In police, College complaints committee, etc) or
approached someone for help?
Q8. What was your experience there?
Q9. Have you ever tried calling the various helpline numbers issued for such cases?
Yes/No
Q10. Have you ever been approached by somebody in distress who needed help against being
harassed? Did you help or not and why?
20 SAFETY AUDIT
Q11. What is the most common reason which would stop you from reporting an act of
harassment(For example: Embarrassment, Threat, A sense of futility)?
Q12. What according to you could be a possible solution to such a situation?
Q13.Rate the campus in terms of safety on scale of 10(0-10) .