SAFEANDJUST.ORG

Redefining Community Safety

Innovative Policing SolutionsAssociation of Criminal Justice Research

Semi-Annual Conference

October 2014

Policing Solutions: Panelists

• Elizabeth Siggins, Moderator – Californians for Safety and Justice

• Chief Camerino Sanchez – Santa Barbara Police Department

• Chief Rodney Jones – Fontana Police Department

• Chief Stephen Gesell – San Luis Obispo Police Department

• Vaughn Crandall – California Partnership for Safe Communities

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Camerino SanchezChief of Police

Santa Barbara Police Department

Policing Solutions

• How Restorative Policing was Born• Policing with Dignity• Meeting the Needs

– City, neighborhoods, businesses, and clients

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Policing Solutions

• Challenges at the outset –Within the police department and

community• Buy-In

–By other departments, officers, elected officials and client advocacy groups

• Collaboration is key

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Stephen GesellChief of Police

San Luis Obispo Police Department

Policing Solutions

• Enforcement Philosophy–Change the Culture –Internal and external education–Focus on behavior, not status–Community engagement - not just a

police enforcement problem

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Policing Solutions

• Specific Programs–CAT–Downtown Officers–Neighborhood Officers–Directed Giving: Donation Stations–Community Court

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Policing Solutions

• Results– Successful Collaboration & Building of Partnerships

• Dignity Health, United Way of San Luis Obispo County• CAT building relationships with mental health, social service

and court partners

– Business/Public Confidence• SLO Downtown Association, Chamber of Commerce

– Donations and creating awareness• Public participation, sponsorships

– Anecdotal and perceptions of success • Stories

– Frequent Offender results

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Rodney JonesChief of Police

Fontana Police Department

Policing Solutions

• Realignment: Creating the Need for Reentry

• Fontana’s Situation• Challenges of Creating a Reentry Team• Success of Fontana Reentry Support

Team• Future of Reentry Efforts

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Policing Solutions

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Vaughn CrandallSenior Strategy Consultant

California Partnership for Safe Communities

Partnership-Based Approaches to Reduce Violence, Build Trust and Reduce Recidivism

Presentation

• CPSC background, approach & focus–Ceasefire – Basics and Research–Relationship-Based Harm Reduction–Procedural Justice

• Our Current Sites• Challenges and Opportunities

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CPSC Background

• Mission– Demonstrate that cities can address violence in near term– While reducing recidivism (and improving outcomes) for

young people at very highest risk of violence– While building police-community trust

• Worked in many CA cities, originally in partnership with Governor’s Office of Gang and Youth Violence Policy

• Narrowed focus to small number of cities here in CA – working with these cities, & our board & advisors to collectively focus on the above mission

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Ceasefire

• Ceasefire is a partnership-based violence reduction strategy that employs direct engagement with young people at highest risk of violence

• Primary goal is to reduce shootings but it also reduces recidivism among participants & improves community-police relations

• Ceasefire employs intensive data collection and analysis on violence – and a joint focus by a partnership

In an era of limited resources, direct resources where they will be most effective in reducing violence

Enables cities to achieve community-wide results in the near term using direct communication/engagement

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Maintain Strategic Focus

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Groups at Highest Risk of

Violence

Enforcement partners

Mentoring and Other Clergy &

Community Activities

Direct Communication

(call ins and custom not.)

Gang/Street Outreach

Formal Services

• Study Main Outcome

• Boston Operation Ceasefire -63% youth homicide

• Indianapolis IVRP -34% total homicide

• Stockton Operation Peacekeeper -42% gun homicide

• Lowell PSN -44% gun assaults

• Cincinnati CIRV -42% GMI homicide, -22% nonfatal shootings

• Newark Ceasefire No sig. reduction in gunshot wound incidents

• LA Operation Ceasefire Sig. short-term reduction in violent, gun crime

• Chicago PSN -37% homicide, -30% recidivism rate

• High Point DMIs 3 of 4 neighborhoods had -44%-56% in part I UCR crime; all up to -74% in drug offenses

• Nashville DMI -55% reduction in drug offenses

• Rockford DMI -22% non-violent offenses

• Hawaii HOPE -26% recidivism rate

• Boston Re-entry Init. -30% recidivism for violent crime

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Relationship-Based Harm Reduction

The research challenges us to reconsider conventional approaches to services & outreach. Research and emerging practice suggests that:

• Partnership based approaches are much more effective than outreach or service agencies working alone.

• The combined effect of direct communication and relationship building with those at very highest risk of violence promises much better harm reduction outcomes than services alone.

• Non-traditional tools matter: Legal briefings, incentives, daily touches, communities of support, family engagement, in-custody work, relocation.

• Focusing on those at highest risk is challenging but the best way to produce better individual outcomes while also enhancing public safety.

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What is Procedural Justice?• A large body of research demonstrates that when justice system actors

engage with community members – the nature and quality of that interaction is often more important than the outcome

• When Justice System Actors:

Emphasize fairness, dignity and respect

Are transparent about what they are doing and why

Give people voice in the process

Convey trustworthy motives (this is not a one time thing)

• Voluntary compliance increases; re-offending decreases and community trust increases.

• (Campbell Collaborative Meta Review; Tyler; Meares; etc.)

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Current Work

• Oakland

• Stockton

• Salinas

• Bakersfield

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Looking Forward

Powerful approaches – greater safety and better outcomes for highest risk young people and their communities

Offer ways to enhance public safety in near term, with what’s available now, in context of Realignment. Requires setting priorities and managing a partnership towards them

Building a diverse, working partnership is a heavy lift; sustaining it’s focus and energy is very difficult

But partnership work is essential – building trust & legitimacy is the key to long-term safety with less incarceration

Research agenda will be key to influencing the policy conversation

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Questions?