Safe operation of Selective Laser Melting tools with ... · S. Jakschik, W. Koehler | ULT AG 10th...

S. Jakschik, W. Koehler | ULT AG

10th LAM Conference Schaumburg, IL

Safe operation of Selective Laser Melting

tools with respect to gas cleaning.

Dr. Mario Mustermann

2S. Jakschik| ULT AG

Motivation

Sold systems:

2015: over 12.000 systems

Source : Max Planck

Additive Manufacturing: An exciting market with creative products and complex selection of base materials

Source : Author

Source: Author



Selection of additive manufacturing processes

Source: VDMA

polymers Metals/

polymersSiO2, Metals/

polymersPolymers, wax Paper. polymers,

CIP

Polymer Metals



Classification by a filtration view

Additive Manufacturing

Inert Gas-systems

Air Systems

Seletive laser melting -metals

Laser-Cladding

polymers print

polymers print

Sand



The seven air pollutants in additive manufacturing and their potentialhazards for humans, machines, and products



Tasks of air handling during AM depend on procedure type



Experiment – Metall 3D SLM/Sintering



Laser-Processes

ultra fast laser CW Laser

Quelle: D. T. Pham Laser Milling


11

Stefan Jakschik | ULT AG

Sice of particles

Quelle:

Analysis of particle size with laser melting (SSRM) Maximum between 100nm…200nm indication of sub 10nm particles Comparable to USP laser processes

Particle size [nm]

Co

ncen

trati

on

dN

[#/c

m³]

raw gas

raw gas

raw gas



Ultra short puls laser particle SEM-images

A mesh of non melted particles, produced by ultra fast laser in air



SEM image of laser induced particles during Ar based melting

ULT project ConPam: AlSi7Mg, 20 µm, 1 µm und <20 nm

Particle size significant below 20nm



Solution



Requirements

process polutant filterEx requirment

Inertgas Metal ParticleParticle filter

Only during service

Inert polymers Melted products Particle filter, gas filter

Only during service

Air polymers Particles, burned polymers Particle filter, gas

filter

To be evaluated for operation as well

Air sand Particle solventsParticle filter, gas filter

To be evaluated for operation as well



Inertization of micro- and nano-scale particlesMetal powder with dust

Fig. 11. flame distribution of 70% micro Ti/30% nano TiO2

minimum ignition energy (MZE) ≥ 10 mJ - normal shot ignition sensitiveminimum ignition energy (MZE) 3-10 mJ - notably shot ignition sensitiveminimum ignition energy (MZE) ≤ 3 mJ - extrem shot ignition sensitive

1

22

1 1 13

1 13 3

0,016

14

0,28 0,25

0,082 0,019

0,1102468

1012141618202224

MZE, Staubwolke [mJ]

Quellen: Wu2009, Eckhoff2012,Yuan2017Dank an M. Berger



Inertization of micro- and nano-scale particlesMetal powder with dust



Inert Gas Systems - operation

EX

extinguable: given

ignitionOxygen not

present

attention: With inertization sensor is necessary. minimum: < 2% O2



Inert Gas Systems – Service

Prevention of ignition very complex for ignition energy in mJrange

Ensure inertization chain

EX

extinguable: given

ignitionOxygen not

present



Summary

1. Airborne pollutions my be generated along during the

additive manufacturing process chain.

2. For process quality build area has to be clean as well

3. Filtration technology needs to take fire and Ex consideration

into account

4. Proven technical solutions exist.

Thank you for your attention.

ULT AG, Firmensitz: Am Göpelteich 1, OT Kittlitz, D-02708 Löbau

Telefon: +49 (0) 35 85 - 41 28 - 0, Telefax: +49 (0) 35 85 - 41 28 -11, URL: www.ult.de, E-Mail: [email protected]

ULT AG, Firmensitz: Am Göpelteich 1, OT Kittlitz, D-02708 Löbau

Telefon: +49 (0) 35 85 - 41 28 - 0, Telefax: +49 (0) 35 85 - 41 28 -11, URL: www.ult.de, E-Mail: [email protected]

For further details please contact

Wolfgang KöhlerULT LLC6000 W. Executive Drive, Suite GMequon, WI 53092

Safe operation of Selective Laser Melting tools with ... · S. Jakschik, W. Koehler | ULT AG 10th...

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