SA Heritage Register Nomination form

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To help your nomination be successful, please fill out this form with as much information as possible. Feel free to expand the answer fields as much as you require or append information to the form. It is important that you attach images and a map of what you are nominating by email or by fax. Please note that places which have been nominated during past three years will not be reconsidered by the South Australian Heritage Council unless you can provide significant new information not provided through the previous nomination and assessment. For assistance with this form you may contact: Your local historical society or heritage adviser may be of assistance OR you may telephone an assessment officer in Heritage South Australia on (08) 8124 4960.

A. Nominated Place

1. Name Name of Place / Object: Glenelg Migrant Hostel Gateposts and remaining Nissen hut on the site Any other or former name(s): Is the place already on another heritage list?

The gateposts were nominated for the Commonwealth Heritage List in 2018 by the Hostel Stories Project, University of Adelaide.

2. Location Street Address: Warren Avenue (Lot 8, Section 186 of the Adelaide Airport land) Suburb / Town: Glenelg North Post Code: 5045 Local Council Name: City of West Torrens Land Description: (if known)

Title:

Volume:

Folio:

Parcel Type:

Parcel No:

Plan Type:

Plan No:

Section:

Hundred:

GPS Location/s: (If known)

Longitude / Easting / X 138 31 11.982 (138.519995)

Latitude / Northing / Y (Datum = ) 34 57 43.11 (34.961975)

3. Ownership Name of Owner(s):

Contact person:

(if different from owner explain relationship)

Postal Address:

Phone Number: Ownership History:

4. Nominator (your details) Your Name/s:

Organisation/Position: Daytime Phone: Fax: Postal Address:

Email Address:

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B. Description

5. Description of nominated place or object Description of the nominated place or object and its current condition:

The Glenelg Migrant Hostel Gateposts mark the entrance to the former Glenelg Migrant Hostel, which provided temporary accommodation for thousands of displaced persons and assisted migrants who arrived in Australia from 1949 to 1971. The gateposts are made of stone and in good condition. All but one of the Nissen huts have been removed, and the remaining hut would enhance the visitors’ experience at the hostel site.

Are you aware of any modifications or additions to the place or object? Can you provide dates for these changes?

The hostel occupied 20 acres of land north of the Adelaide Airport. It consisted of a group of Nissen huts which were converted to accommodation use and for other facilities. Only one of the huts remains.

Do you believe there may be historical items under the ground? Should an archaeological investigation be considered?

Unknown.

Date you inspected the place or object: 2 May 2018

Current use of the place or object: The site is temporarily occupied by the Metro Show Jumping Club.

Original or former use(s): Migrant hostel, 1949-71.

Are there any current or long term threats to the nominated place or object?

No

Name of Builder: The Commonwealth Government.

Any other information:

C. History

6. Origins and history Years of Construction: Start: 1947 Finish: Additions 1950 Name of Designer / Architect:

History of the nominated place or object: The prizewinning Glenelg Migrant Hostel was established by the

Commonwealth Government in 1947 to accommodate displaced persons and other migrants in the post-war era from 1949 until its closure in 1972. These migrants were part of a policy to increase the population of Australia begun by the Chifley Government. Its consequences were to expand the economy and to alter the social fabric of Australia into a complex multicultural society. The gateposts and Nissen hut are the only permanent reminders of this migrant hostel program in South Australia. It is recommended that they be heritage listed and used for educational purposes.

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Historical sources used to support your nomination: Please attach copies of pages from publications or newspaper articles as appropriate.

Agutter, Karen. “Overview on Available Archival Material - Glenelg Migrant Hostel,” Report for the Hostel Stories Project, University of Adelaide, last updated 26 February 2018 (attach). Byrne, Bob. “Remember the Migrant Hostels of Adelaide?” Adelaide Remember When, posted 3 October 2014.

Hicks, Zephyr. “Cataloguing Archival Material at State Records: Hostel Stories from the 1940s to 1980s.” Report produced for State Records of South Australia and University of Adelaide Arts Internship Program, 2012.

Varacalli, Jamie. “The Life Cycle of Migrant Hostels Established in South Australian post WWII (1948-1955): with an emphasis on those run by the Commonwealth.” Report produced for National Archives of Australia (SA Branch) and University of Adelaide Arts Internship Program, 2009. Available online.

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D. Heritage Significance

7. Statement of State Significance - Why is the place or object important to South Australia? The gateposts are of State heritage significance because they are the only remaining structures in South Australia accessible to the public which can serve as reminders of the historic period of South Australia’s multicultural population growth in the post-war period. The Nissen hut is significant because it represents the style of building used for accommodating migrants and for other facilities in the hostel complex.

8. Significance Criteria The South Australian Heritage Places Act 1993 lists seven criteria by which places are assessed as ‘State significant.’ Please tick the criteria you feel the place demonstrates and explain your reasons.

x It demonstrates important aspects of the evolution or pattern of the State's history.

It is a reminder of the historic cultural changes to Australian society resulting from the Commonwealth post-war migration programme.

It has rare, uncommon or endangered qualities that are of cultural significance.

x It may yield information that will contribute to an understanding of the State's history, including its natural history.

The Hostel Stories Project of the University of Adelaide notes that the site could be used for educational purposes and that many former hostel residents have suggested informational signage would enhance visits to the former Glenelg Hostel. School groups might also be taken there, and a representative Nissen hut would add to the visual experience.

x It is an outstanding representative of a particular class of places of cultural significance.

The gateposts are the only accessible permanent structure remaining of the 14 Commonwealth migrant hostels established in South Australia during the post-war migrant program.

It demonstrates a high degree of creative, aesthetic or technical accomplishment or is an outstanding representative of particular construction techniques or design characteristics.

x It has strong cultural or spiritual associations for the community or a group within it.

The gateposts form the entrance to a site which has strong associations with a plethora of migrant groups who were accommodated in the hostel on their arrival in Australia. A Nissen hut at the site would demonstrate the type of building used temporarily to house and provide facilities for incoming migrants.

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x It has a special association with the life or work of a person or organisation or an event of historical importance.

As noted above, the gateposts mark the entrance to the Glenelg Migrant Hostel, and the Nissen hut at the site demonstrates the form of accommodation and facilities for European displaced persons and for migrants during the period 1949-71.

E. Additional Information

9. Images/Maps/Diagrams/Site Plans A full range of images including maps, site plans, and photographs will help your nomination. Please provide:

• a clear outline of the place or object being nominated within any maps or plans provided • high quality images of the place or object (please list the total number of images being provided) • the subject of each image • the date each image was created • the author of each image, and • the copyright holder of each image (if known)

Paste images here:

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National Archives Australia: D2998, 1; Site layouts of - Finsbury Hostel 15/6/1954, Gawler Hostel 16/4/1956, Glenelg Hostel 1& 2 8/6/1954, Smithfield Hostel 1/5/1956, Villawood Hostel 30/7/1954, Littleton Hostel 28/3/1955, Orange Hostel 7/6/1954, Cronulla Hostel 24/2/1954, Balgownie Hostel 16/9/1953, Berkeley Hostel no1 [undated], Bradfield Park site plan 12/4/1953, Bunnerong Hostel [undated], Broughton Hostel - Burwood 8/9/1953, Cabramatta Hostel 27/7/1953, Dundas Hostel 15/7/1953, East Hills 14/10/1953, Mayfield Hostel 6/8/1953, Nelsons Bay Hostel 22/9/1953, St Mary's Hostel 29/7/1953, Unanderra units 1&2 23/7/1953, Villawood Hostel 25/6/1953, 1953-1955. (Cited with permission of the Hostel Stories Project, University of Adelaide) The South Australian Heritage Council is committed to transparency in relation to the listing process and wishes to enhance public confidence in the nomination, listing and decision-making process. The Council’s policy is to make nominations for State heritage listing and submissions on provisional entries publicly available via webpage or to interested parties. The Council will adhere to the Privacy Principles and your name and personal details will not be released. I/we, nominate Glenelg Migrant Hostel gateposts and sole remaining Nissen hut to be heritage listed. The information I/we have provided is correct to my/our knowledge. Your Signature/s: Date: 2/6/2018 A heritage officer may contact you to discuss aspects of the nomination. Nomination Form Checklist Please check that your nomination includes:

A clear indication of the location of the place or object (including map/s). Where a number of features are nominated, show the location of each and/or a boundary surrounding the significant elements of the site. A history of the place or object explaining important aspects relevant to the nomination. This should generally help support arguments of cultural significance. A clear description of the nominated place or object/s. A statement of significance and indication on how the place or object satisfies one or more of the significance criteria. A heritage officer may contact you to discuss aspects of the nomination.

Email: DEWNRHeritage@sa.gov.au Post: Executive Officer, South Australian Heritage Council Department for Environment and Water GPO Box 1047, Adelaide 5001

Glenelg Hostel 101

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1 National Archives Australia: D2998, 1; Site layouts of - Finsbury Hostel 15/6/1954, Gawler Hostel 16/4/1956, Glenelg Hostel 1& 2 8/6/1954, Smithfield Hostel 1/5/1956, Villawood Hostel 30/7/1954, Littleton Hostel 28/3/1955, Orange Hostel 7/6/1954, Cronulla Hostel 24/2/1954, Balgownie Hostel 16/9/1953, Berkeley Hostel no1 [undated], Bradfield Park site plan 12/4/1953, Bunnerong Hostel [undated], Broughton Hostel - Burwood 8/9/1953, Cabramatta Hostel 27/7/1953, Dundas Hostel 15/7/1953, East Hills 14/10/1953, Mayfield Hostel 6/8/1953, Nelsons Bay Hostel 22/9/1953, St Mary's Hostel 29/7/1953, Unanderra units 1&2 23/7/1953, Villawood Hostel 25/6/1953, 1953-1955.

2

2 National Archives Australia: B687557, Folder 134, SC683; Glenelg

Glenelg Timeline 1949 Buildings used were to be brought down from the old RAAF station at Port Pirie.3 First mentioned in May 1949 and the plan was to build an 800 person hostel at a cost of £20,000 but the plans were put on hold when it was decided to concentrate on the Woolsheds at Rosewater as this would be quicker.4 October 1949 decided to go ahead and that 120 would be housed there by 7 December and a further 100 by 21 December5 November 1949 Government decides to call the hostel the North Glenelg Hostel and not use previous other names such as Airport Hostel, West Beach Hostel and so forth6 December 1949 – emergency accommodation required for DPs planned that 480 will be transferred from Woodside in December and housed in “dormitory accommodation” at Glenelg7 1950 Even though the hostel is operational a memo to the Migrant Workers Accommodation Division from A Chambers regional director Department of Works and Housing SA requests that “immediate steps could be taken to complete the Manager’s Flat and Staff Quarters at Glenelg North No. 1 Hostel. This matter is urgent as the Manager is at present sleeping, living, and dining in an office partitioned off in the dining-room; also staff are located in dormitories which interfere [sic] with their rest.”8 There are other problems such as the lack of an urn for making tea. Also issues of drainage discussed. Some of this a lack of guttering so that it runs off the rooves and floods when it rains – apparently a lack of guttering due to the lack of galvanised iron and this is not prioritised for the hostels. 16 May 1950 Migrant Workers Accommodation Division9 Improvement of Kitchen according to the latest “standard kitchen layout” so now provision of a standard bread cupboard, electric griddle etc.10 Correspondence from 14 June 1950 disposal of garbage a problem – request for installation of an incinerator. Will be allowed for in the next stage of development11 3 The Mail, Adelaide, 26 November 1949, 'Making Quarters for New Australians', p 14. 4 National Archives Australia: D358, 504/1/1; Glenelg North hostel - preliminary investigations plans and projects works requisitions. 5 National Archives Australia; Glenelg North hostel - preliminary investigations plans and projects works requisitions. 6 National Archives Australia; Glenelg North hostel - preliminary investigations plans and projects works requisitions. 7 National Archives Australia: D1917, D23/49 PART 2; Displaced persons hostel accommodation. 8 National Archives Australia: D358, 504/3/1; Glenelg North hostel - buildings general. 9 National Archives Australia; Glenelg North hostel - buildings general. 10 National Archives Australia; Glenelg North hostel - buildings general. 11 National Archives Australia; Glenelg North hostel - buildings general.

18 January 1950 Immigration Works Committee meeting – agreed that “this hostel would have to be retained and would not be classed as temporary and that if possible it should be extended to accommodate 800 persons.”12 29th March 1950 An interesting letter from J James Manager to Department of Labour and National Service– Broken toilet seats and bowls “It appears that these breakages occur because the men stand on the seats and pans, a practice commonly known as “kangarooing”. I have endeavoured in every way to find the responsible parties, but without success. I now submit a recommendation for your earnest consideration the draw locks for locking the doors on the inside to be removed and all doors to be cut down twenty inches from the top. If you are prepared to accede this recommendation it will give the Manager and staff in this hostel an opportunity to “police” and detect the offenders who do not treat these conveniences as they should be treated.” Agreed to13 30th March 1950 – request for cycle and motor cycle shed. Some 40 cycles and 6 motor-cycles are owned by New Australians and some take them into their quarters. Refused as given some have cars garages might be better but if this was allowed it would mean it had to be a necessary part of all hostels. Shows the awareness for standardisation across all Commonwealth Hostels14 31 March 1950 the Department of Immigration decides to build the second stage of the hostel at a cost of £80,000. Stage 2 to be known as Glenelg North 2. Stage 1 = 400 and stage 2 = 40015 By the time of this decision Hostels around Australia have been standardised so therefore the same huts are used for the same purpose and are the same sizes. Department of Works and Housing decides against a second recreation building for stage 2 rather a garage would be more useful and the existing recreation building should be enlarged to bring it up to the now established standard. Other alterations to stage 1 are made while stage 2 is being built.16 Many of the buildings used for stage 2 are brought from the Port Pirie Aerodrome17 January 1951 European Migrants (DPs) move to Glenelg after bitter dispute about Pennington becoming British Hostel 20th March 1951 Inspection of the Hostel– “disclosed many unsatisfactory aspects” – kitchen unclean, fly infestations, kitchen staff lavatory unclean, staff quarters bathroom filthy, floor littered with old razor blades, fire hydrants interfered with, iron beds strewn around, 57 broken

12 National Archives Australia: K279, 1948/979 Part 1; Migrant workers' hostels - general [Australian Construction Services]. 13 National Archives Australia; Glenelg North hostel - buildings general. 14 National Archives Australia; Glenelg North hostel - buildings general. 15 National Archives Australia; Glenelg North hostel - preliminary investigations plans and projects works requisitions. 16 National Archives Australia: D618, IM50 PART 1; [Department of Immigration] - Glenelg SA NA [New Australians] hostel construction of additional hostel. 17 National Archives Australia: D618, IM50 PART 2; [Department of Immigration] - Glenelg SA NA [New Australians] hostel construction of additional hostel.

panes of glass (said to be aftermath of parties held by residents), “Generally the area, particularly Section 1, gave one the impression of abandon”.18 21st March 1951 inspection of Kitchen No 2 Area – report to Regional Director M.W.A.D. Kitchen reasonably clean, kitchen staff = 1 chef, 4 cooks, 2 kitchenmen – 207 residents, the entitlement for 200 residents = 1 chef, 3 cooks, 2 kitchenmen, 2 kitchenmaids.19 June 1950 Glenelg council agreed to let the Migrants from the hostel use the Town Hall banqueting room for entertainment. Recently formed Glenelg GNC visits hostel to organise English classes.20 The minutes of the GNC Executive 13 April 1951 says that the Glenelg branch has “an energetic leader and a good committee and contact the Glenelg camp regularly. They hold socials after English lessons and film evenings at the camp and concerts at the Glenelg Hall. They have entertained in their homes, give help and make friendly gestures whenever possible.”21 The YWCA are also active in the hostel. September 1950 before registers start August 1951 recognition that the area is prone to flooding and drainage is poor. Elevated pathways installed but miniature lakes after rain.22 24 June 1952 Inspection of the hostel at night indicated that the lighting into the sleeping quarters was inadequate and a decision was made to install lights between each pair of sleeping huts and other lights to illuminate secondary paths and other areas.23 September 1952 300 migrants at Glenelg24 March 1953 Dutch migrants protest at the conditions at the camp and claim the 75% want to return home.25

18 National Archives Australia; Glenelg North hostel - buildings general. 19 National Archives Australia; Glenelg North hostel - buildings general. 20 Advertiser, Adelaide, 28 June 1950, 'Glenelg Council to Aid Migrants', p 4. 21 State Library of South Australia: SRG703/1; Good Neighbour Council Executive Meeting Minutes. 22 National Archives Australia; [Department of Immigration] - Glenelg SA NA [New Australians] hostel construction of additional hostel. 23 National Archives Australia; [Department of Immigration] - Glenelg SA NA [New Australians] hostel construction of additional hostel. 24 Advertiser, Adelaide, 19 September 1952, 'Migrants Race to Front in S.A. Home-Building', p 3. 25 Advertiser, Adelaide, 2 March 1953, 'Dutch Migrants Protests', p 8.

19 May 1953 – SA Fire Brigade recommendations Glenelg hostel is situated on approximately 20 acres, 650 residents, Local manager Mr O’Brien.26 May 1953 180 families at Glenelg27 May 1953 Police were called to the hostel after European migrants threatened to pull down the recreation room having been refused permission to hold a meeting there to protest about rents and charges. Instead about 120 men and women met at the gates of the hostel and formed a protest committee. They decided to write to European consuls, letters of complaint to European newspapers and to trade unions throughout Australia. They were encouraged to protest by the chairman of the Federal British Migrants Welfare Association.28 Lench, the State Secretary of the British Migrants Association said that the European migrants at Glenelg had it much worse than the British at other hostels.29 By end July 1953 the five single men and five families who had been served with eviction had decided to pay the tariff.30

26 National Archives Australia: D156, 1953/746; Glenelg SA NA [New Australians] hostel - Dept of Immigration - provision of fire protection. 27 Advertiser, Adelaide, 20 May 1953, 'Migrants' Official Denies Threat Charge at Glenelg', p 16. 28 Advertiser, Adelaide, 18 May 1953, 'Police Called to Glenelg Migrant Hostel', p 3. 29 Advertiser, 'Migrants' Official Denies Threat Charge at Glenelg'. 30 Advertiser, Adelaide, 28 July 1953, 'New S.A. Hostels Chief', p 3.

The Advertiser, 10 July 1953, page 3 July 1953 instruction plates for fire extinguishers to be written in German and English.31 November 1953 – listed DPs=194, Dutch = 85, Italian = 5 and Germans = 5432 December 1953 Mr Hodge listed as manager. 33 Christmas party held for children.34 1953-54 – Social Worker Report – “Has been visited as requested, and referrals made to the office by both the manager and the local secretary of Good Neighbour, who is very active in the area. Glenelg is well situated in a different way from Finsbury. It is not as well placed in regard to neighbouring factories, although buses convey early workers to available transport. It has compensations in its nearness to the sea, which during the summer months provides an endless source of enjoyment of the children. In addition, Glenelg is a city in its own right, with two picture theatres, cafes and amusement parks. These factors have a direct bearing on the migrant’s ability to put up with Hostel conditions. The numerous holiday flats and hotels nearby provide domestic employment for the women, sometimes on a part-time basis. In the town, the R.S.L. conducts a play centre for children aged between two years and six, and this is available to citizens as well as to members for a small charge. The recreation room where dances are held regularly and the men’s reading and writing room are particularly attractive at Glenelg and show a spirit of pride in the Hostel. At present, a former Polish Scoutmaster is teaching the older boys to play soccer, and games are enjoyed enthusiastically in Saturday afternoons.”35 March 1954 Assimilation Activity Quarterly Report 31 March 1954 SA – activities have developed differently as many of the women work. GNC had held a social gathering once a week at the Glenelg Town Hall but there were few participants and this was discontinued. Recently there have been fortnightly dances in the Recreation Hall and the profits are used to fund a Christmas party. “Glenelg is most fortunately placed in its neighbourhood facilities – the beach is a never ending source of pleasure to the children, and there are excellent sports grounds nearby for the adults, as well as picture theatres and cafes. A former Polish Scoutmaster in the Hostel is teaching the older boys soccer and this is providng a great interest on Saturday afternoons”.36

31 National Archives Australia; Glenelg SA NA [New Australians] hostel - Dept of Immigration - provision of fire protection. 32 National Archives Australia: C3076, 1/05/2004; Commonwealth Hostels Limited - Welfare General - Department of Immigration - Social Workers [Box 699]. 33 National Archives Australia; Glenelg SA NA [New Australians] hostel - Dept of Immigration - provision of fire protection. 34 Advertiser, Adelaide, 4 December 1953, 'Polish Boy Loved Party', p 3. 35 National Archives Australia: A445, 276/1/15; Social Workers' reports on hostel visiting. 36 National Archives Australia: A445, 112/1/26; Assimilation Activites SA advise from CMO.

1959 – Commonwealth Advisory Council investigation into the assimilation and progress of migrant children for later report considered a report from St Leonards (state and private schools were approached) which noted the large number of migrant children due to proximity to Glenelg Hostel, means large number, large turn over, little English. On arrival to the school the children are placed in the class which corresponds to their age. For part of the day they receive English lessons with a specialised teacher and the programme is divided into three levels. “Apart from the fact that segregation has proved a hindrance to assimilation the children could not stand up to the concentrated teaching of these classes for a full day. The most advanced pupils attend for an hour each day whilst the others attend one session each day, plus an additional one on alternate days. (On the days when two sessions occur they are broken by periods in the normal classroom).”37 Emphasis is on spoken English. Use situation method, give as much oral practice as possible, present work as varied as possible to avoid boring repetition, encourage use of English in school playground, abandon use of interpreters as soon as possible, do not sit migrant children with a compatriot, let child work with class as much as possible e.g. music, PE, drawing and arithmetic. 38 17 February 1964 “Reports of visits made were given and special mention was made by Mrs. DeCock of the packed lunches provided by Glenelg Hostel. Mrs. DeCock said that while the lunch provided in the dining room was quite adequate the packed lunch made up for working people was not sufficient for a man.”39 April 1954 a fire at the hostel damaged a room. Thought to have started by a radiator burning to close to flammable material.40 15 December 1954 – Good Neighbour Christmas Parties – “At Glenelg migrant hostel the children will be entertained at a party on December 26, and each child will receive a present from Father Christmas. There will be a film show in the evening. Adults will have dances on Christmas Eve and New Year’s Eve. Forty children from the hostel were entertained at the Elizabeth O’Grady Kindergarten on December 1.”41 1963 New Australian Masses listed in the Southern Cross 1/5/63 Lithuanian St Casimir’s Chapel, Lithuanian Catholic Centre St Peters, Polish various locations listed, Frs Kaczmar and Szewciw Ukrainian various locations, Fr Baron Woodside migrant centre first second third and fifth Sunday at 11 and Glenelg Hostel second fourth and fifth Sundays at 9, Latvian Fr. Grienins Hutt St St Mary Immaculate, Croation Fr Mihalic, Italian, Fr Fazekas Hungarian Pirie St, Fr Beerejoot Dutch including Glenelg hostel third Sunday 11 and Woodside fourth Sundays at 7.30 and 10.

37 National Archives Australia: D400, SA1959/3095; Inquiry into conduct and progress of migrant children. 38 National Archives Australia; Inquiry into conduct and progress of migrant children. 39 State Library of South Australia: SRG703/14; Good Neighbour Council Contact Committee Minutes. 40 Advertiser, Adelaide, 10 April 1954, 'Migrant Camp Fire', p 3. 41 Advertiser, Adelaide, 15 December 1954, 'Christmas Parties for New Australians', p 23.

23 July 1963 Good Neighbour Council report that a new welfare officer, Mr Chambers, has been appointed and he has an office at Glenelg.42 1965 agreement with Technical Division of the Education Department that the Glenelg kitchens will be used for chef and other training at cost of £4 per week for a 42 week year. This agreement is still in place in 1971 when the hostel closes. Commonwealth Hostels Ltd is already using Glenelg twice a year for catering staff training nationally.43 November 1966 As part of pre-planning and assessment of hostels Commonwealth Hostels Ltd asked hostel managers to notify the number of children at schools and what the parental participation was like. H Bale the manager of Glenelg stated that there were 169 children from the hostel at primary school, 163 at St Leonards and 6 at St Mary’s Catholic School. He also reported that their parents participation in school activities was poor.44 1967 the Glenelg North Hostel won the Commonwealth Government ‘Hostel of the Year’ award.45 May 1967 Approval for hostels to provide an extra bedroom for families with four or more children.46 11 June 1969 – occupancy 60447 August September 1969 – report on hostel residents indicates that there were 5 American, 9 Australian, 113 British, 45 Czech, 2 Danish, 16 Dutch, 7 Finnish, 31 French, 18 German, 8 Greek, 8 Irish, 1 Portuguese and 146 Yugoslavians48 21 February 1970 – occupancy 55549 42 State Library of South Australia: SRG703/7; Hostel Branch Minutes. 43 National Archives Australia: D2973, 6/4/132; Glenelg Hostel. 44 National Archives Australia: D2973, 7/1/8; Residents Admissions and Departures - Forward Planning of Migrant Hostel Accommodation and Intakes. 45 Victoria, M., Shield - 'Hostel of the Year', Accessed 3 January 2013, http://museumvictoria.com.au/collections/items/1487769/shield-hostel-of-the-year-commonwealth-accommodation-catering-services-ltd-1963-1980. 46 National Archives Australia; Residents Admissions and Departures - Forward Planning of Migrant Hostel Accommodation and Intakes. 47 National Archives Australia: A446, 1969/71615; Inter-departmental Conferences on Hostel Accommodation for Migrants 48 National Archives Australia; Inter-departmental Conferences on Hostel Accommodation for Migrants 49 National Archives Australia; Inter-departmental Conferences on Hostel Accommodation for Migrants

May 1971 Rationalisation of hostel accommodation is to begin with Glenelg and Smithfield in SA instructed to run down their occupancy in line with closing. Managers are instructed that no public statements are to be made at this time. In May 1971 there are is 700 beds at Glenelg and 1200 at Pennington and only 560 residents in total. There are only 9 families in Glenelg and they are to go to private accommodation or Pennington.50 6 November 1971 last register entry 11 September 1971 Hostel to be formerly handed over to the Department of the Interior however delayed pending a decision by the State Government re its potential use as emergency housing.51 22 June 1972 Department of Labour and National Service to GNC SA in response to GNC letter expressing concern over closure of Glenelg Hostel. The letter states that the decision for closure was made as part of a review of all Commonwealth hostels. There is a reduction in numbers of migrants arriving and at end of May 1972 there were only 560 residents in total at Glenelg and Pennington. There are now no families at Glenelg. Glenelg was never intended to serve as long term accommodation and several years ago the Government embarked on “the progressive replacement of inferior hostel accommodation with modern, motel-type structures complemented by self-contained flats designed to serve as transitional accommodation in appropriate circumstances. In Adelaide there are 50 self-contained migrant flats wither in use or in course of construction, capable of accommodating a minimum of 200 migrants. Such flats are located at Wayville, Ascot Park and Black Forrest. Consideration was given some time ago to the progressive replacement of accommodation on the Glenelg Hostel site, but the project was abandoned because of plans for the redevelopment of the Adelaide Airport. I am informed that the hostel site is well within the so-called “30 NEF” noise contour and is in a type of area where even if the replacement buildings were air-conditioned and noise insulated, the noise outside the buildings would be at an unacceptably high level.”52 Glenelg Hostel Martina VAndenbroek - dutch - four weeks at Woodside then father and brothers got a job in Adelaide and went to Glenelg "it was a bit more upmarket, the dining room was more attractive, the food was nicer too than Woodside." [91] went to school at catholic college - stayed four weeks at Glenelg. 53

50 National Archives Australia; Residents Admissions and Departures - Forward Planning of Migrant Hostel Accommodation and Intakes. 51 National Archives Australia; Glenelg Hostel. 52 National Archives Australia; Residents Admissions and Departures - Forward Planning of Migrant Hostel Accommodation and Intakes. 53 Murphy, C. (ed.) Boat Load of Dreams: Journeys by European Immigrant Workers 1947-1994, United Trades and Labour Council, Adelaide, 1994.

Franziska Lucas - 8 months at Woodside and Oakbank High School then Glenelg "The Glenelg Hostel was better than Woodside yet it was still a Nissan hut type of accommodation and the beach was wonderful" [65] Went to school - catholic in Glenelg. At Glenelg until following easter then shifted to Semaphore "and I had to change school again". [66] Dominican Convent School at Semaphore then leaving year at Cabra. [67] Austrian family - "The first day at Oakbank High School was a great bable of noise and testw but the teachers were lovely, and one gave me one ot one tutition in English at lunch time. I remember the girls beckoning to me at recess time and we went out under one of those lovely, big gum trees and one of them had brought from home a big watermelon and she shared it wound. I had never seen a think like this before. They included me and didn't make me feel like an alien creature and they weren't snobbish at all." [65] 54 A perhaps exaggerated Advertiser report by Stewart Cockburn in July 1959, comparing Glenelg North’s progress to that of the Finsbury (Pennington) hostel, spoke of its progress in glowing terms: its huts gleam with bright paint; trees, lawns and gardens flourish; the migrant residents have built a fish pond and a big wading pool for children; and the breezy manager (Mr H. Beeren) says: ‘we’re going to make our own tennis court soon’. The spirit of self-help, so prominent at Glenelg, tends to be lacking at Finsbury. (13) It’s difficult to say whether residents themselves agreed with the assessment. Advertiser, 14 July 1959, p. 2.

54 Murphy (ed.) Boat Load of Dreams: Journeys by European Immigrant Workers 1947-1994.

Bibliography Advertiser, Adelaide, 28 June 1950, 'Glenelg Council to Aid Migrants'. Advertiser, Adelaide, 2 March 1953, 'Dutch Migrants Protests'. Advertiser, Adelaide, 20 May 1953, 'Migrants' Official Denies Threat Charge at Glenelg'. Advertiser, Adelaide, 19 September 1952, 'Migrants Race to Front in S.A. Home-Building'. Advertiser, Adelaide, 28 July 1953, 'New S.A. Hostels Chief'. Advertiser, Adelaide, 18 May 1953, 'Police Called to Glenelg Migrant Hostel'. Advertiser, Adelaide, 4 December 1953, 'Polish Boy Loved Party'. Advertiser, Adelaide, 15 December 1954, 'Christmas Parties for New Australians'. Advertiser, Adelaide, 10 April 1954, 'Migrant Camp Fire'. Murphy, C. (ed.), Boat Load of Dreams: Journeys by European Immigrant Workers 1947-1994, United Trades and Labour Council, Adelaide,

1994. National Archives Australia: A445; 112/1/26, Assimilation Activites SA advise from CMO. National Archives Australia: C3076; 1/05/2004, Commonwealth Hostels Limited - Welfare General - Department of Immigration - Social

Workers [Box 699]. National Archives Australia: D618; IM50 PART 1, [Department of Immigration] - Glenelg SA NA [New Australians] hostel construction of

additional hostel.

National Archives Australia: D618; IM50 PART 2, [Department of Immigration] - Glenelg SA NA [New Australians] hostel construction of additional hostel.

National Archives Australia: D1917; D23/49 PART 2, Displaced persons hostel accommodation. National Archives Australia: B687557, Folder 134; SC683, Glenelg National Archives Australia: D2973; 6/4/132, Glenelg Hostel. National Archives Australia: D358; 504/3/1, Glenelg North hostel - buildings general. National Archives Australia: D358; 504/1/1, Glenelg North hostel - preliminary investigations plans and projects works requisitions. National Archives Australia: D156; 1953/746, Glenelg SA NA [New Australians] hostel - Dept of Immigration - provision of fire protection. National Archives Australia: D400; SA1959/3095, Inquiry into conduct and progress of migrant children. National Archives Australia: A446; 1969/71615, Inter-departmental Conferences on Hostel Accommodation for Migrants National Archives Australia: K279; 1948/979 Part 1, Migrant workers' hostels - general [Australian Construction Services]. National Archives Australia: D2973; 7/1/8, Residents Admissions and Departures - Forward Planning of Migrant Hostel Accommodation and

Intakes. National Archives Australia: D2998; 1, Site layouts of - Finsbury Hostel 15/6/1954, Gawler Hostel 16/4/1956, Glenelg Hostel 1& 2 8/6/1954,

Smithfield Hostel 1/5/1956, Villawood Hostel 30/7/1954, Littleton Hostel 28/3/1955, Orange Hostel 7/6/1954, Cronulla Hostel 24/2/1954, Balgownie Hostel 16/9/1953, Berkeley Hostel no1 [undated], Bradfield Park site plan 12/4/1953, Bunnerong Hostel [undated], Broughton Hostel - Burwood 8/9/1953, Cabramatta Hostel 27/7/1953, Dundas Hostel 15/7/1953, East Hills 14/10/1953, Mayfield Hostel 6/8/1953, Nelsons Bay Hostel 22/9/1953, St Mary's Hostel 29/7/1953, Unanderra units 1&2 23/7/1953, Villawood Hostel 25/6/1953, 1953-1955.

National Archives Australia: A445; 276/1/15, Social Workers' reports on hostel visiting.

State Library of South Australia: SRG703/14, Good Neighbour Council Contact Committee Minutes. State Library of South Australia: SRG703/1, Good Neighbour Council Executive Meeting Minutes. State Library of South Australia: SRG703/7, Hostel Branch Minutes. The Mail, Adelaide, 26 November 1949, 'Making Quarters for New Australians'. Victoria, M., Shield - 'Hostel of the Year', Accessed 3 January 2013, http://museumvictoria.com.au/collections/items/1487769/shield-hostel-of-

the-year-commonwealth-accommodation-catering-services-ltd-1963-1980.