s Health Indicators fc Hispanic, Black, an White AmericansHispanic, Black, and White Americans....

- -7-r.\- xr_ ;,-- --

?

Health Indicators fc s Hispanic, Black, an White Americans

Copyright Information

All matenal appeanng in this report IS in the public domaln and may be reproduced or copled without permission; cltatlon as to source,

however, IS appreciated.

Suggested Citation

NatIonal Center for Health Statlstlcs, F. M. Trevino and A. J. Moss: Health Indicators for HIspanIc, black, and white Amencans. !&al and

Health Sratistm. Senes 10, No. 148. DHHS Pub. No. (PHS) 84-l 576. Public Health Service. Washington. U.S. Government Printing Offlce,

Sept. 1984.

Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data

Travino, Fernando M.

Health indicators for Hispanic, Black, and White Americans.

(DHHS publication; no. (PHS) 84-1576)

Bibliography: p. 1. Public health-United States-Statistics. 2. Health status

indicators-Ur,ited States. 3. Health surveys-United States. 4. Hispanic Americans-Health and hygiene-statistics. 5. Afro-Americans-Health

and hygiene-Statistics. 6. United States-Statistics, Medical. I. MOSS,

Abigail J. I I. Title. III. Series.

RA407.3.T74 1984 362.1’0973 84-600289

ISBN o-8406-0302-9

c I [‘)

“!i1

Health Indicators forHispanic, Black andWhite AmericansStatistics on health characteristics for

Mexican Americans, mainland Puerto

Ricans, Cuban Americans, and “otherHispanic” populations are compared “with

those for white and black non-Hispanic

persons. The topic areas include utilization

of health services as measured by physicianvisits, dental visits, and hospitalizations;

and illness and disability measures

including incidence of acute conditions

by condition group, days of restrictedactivity, days spent in bed and days missed

from work because of illness and injury,

and activity limitation associated withchronic conditions. Estimates are basedon data collected in health interviewsduring 1978, 1979, and 1980.

Data From the National Health SurveySeries 10, No. 148

DHHS Publication No. (PHS) 84-1576

U.S. Department of Health and Human

Services

Public Health ServiceNational Center for Health Statistics

Hyattsville, Md,

September 1984

National Center for Health Statistics

Manning Feinleib, M.D., Dr.P.H., Director

Robert A. Israel, Depu@ Director

Jacob J. Feldman, Ph.D., Associate Director for Analysisand Epidemiology

Garrie J. Losee, Associate Director for Data Processingand Services

Alvan O.”Zarate, Ph.D., Associate Director for InternationalStatistics

E. Earl Bryant, Associate Director for Interview andExamination Statistics

Robert L. Quave, Acting Associate Director for Management

Gail F. Fisher, Ph.D., Associate Director for ProgramPlanning, Evaluation, and Coordina~”on

Monroe G. Sirken, Ph.D., Associate Director for Researchand Methodology

Peter L. Hurley, Associate Director for Vital and HealthCare Statistics

Alice Haywood, Information Oficer

Interview and Examination Statistics Program

E. Earl Bryant, Associate Director

Mary Grace Kovar, Dr.P.H., Special Assistant for DataPolicy and Analysis

Paul D. Williams, C’hieLData Applications and ResearchStaff

Division of Health interview Statistics

Robert R. Fuchsberg, Director

Owen T. Thomberry, Jr., Ph.D., Deputy Director

John Gary Collins, Acting Chief Illness and DisabilityStatistics Branch

Robert A. Wright, Chief Utilization and ExpenditureStatistics Branch

Stewart C. Rice, Jr., ChieX Survey Planning andDevelopment Branch

Nelma B. Keen, ChieJ Computer Systems andProgramming St@

Division of Health Examination Statistics

Robert S. Murphy, Director

Catherine E. Woteki, Depu/y Director

Sidney Abraham, ChieL Nutrition Statistics Bra

Suzanne Haynes, C’hie~Medical Statistics Branc

Kurt R. Maurer, ChieL Survey Planning andDevelopment Branch

Rita Weinberger, Chiex Programming Staff

Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Highlights. . ..

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . , . . . . . . . , . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Ambulatory physician visits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . , . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Dental visits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ., . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Hospitalizations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Acute conditions—Puerto Ricans . . . . . . . . . . . , . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . , . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0Days ofdisability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ! . . . . . . . . . .Activity limitation due to chronic conditions-Cuban Americans andPuerto Ricans . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Source andlimitations ofthe data. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . #. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Utilization ofhealth services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Ambulatory physician visits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . , . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Dental visits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ,. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Hospitalizations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . #. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Illness and disability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Acute conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Days of disability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . , . . , . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Activity limitation due to chronicconditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . , . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

List of detailed tables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ,. . . . .

Appendixes

I. Technical notes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11. Definitions ofterrns . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ., . . . . . .III. Questionnaire items andflashcards used inthe survey . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

List of text figures

I,2.

3.

4.5.6.7.

Number of physician visits per person per year by age and Hispanic origin United States, 1978 -80 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Number of physician visits per. person per year for persons with 1 or more visits by age and Hispanic origin: UnitedStates, 1978-80 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . , . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Percent of persons 4 years of age and over never receiving dental care by race and Hispanic origin: United States,1978-80 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .$ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ,. . . . . . .Percent of persons 4-16 years old never receiving dental care by race and Hispanic origin: United States, 1978-80 . . .Incidence ofacuteconditions per lOOpersonsper yearbyage andHispanic origin: United States, 1979-80 . . . . . . . . . .Days of restricted activity per person per year by age and Hispanic origin: United States, 1978–80 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Days of bed disability per person per year by age and Hispanic origin: United States, 1978-80 . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..,, . . . .

List of text tables

A. Number ofphysician visits perperson per year by unadjusted and age-adjusted figures, sex, race, and Hispanic origin:United States, 1978-80 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

1

2222223

4

6689

12121214

17

18

607781

6

7

91113

.1313

6

...Ill

B. Number of physician visits per person per year for persons 65 years and over by sex, race, and Hispanic origin UnitedStates, 1978–80 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

C. Number of physician visits per person per year for persons with one or more visits, by unadjusted and age-adjusted figures,. . . ...’..

race, and Hispanic origim United States, 1978–80 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .D. Percent of persons with no physician contacta in the past year by race, Hispanic origin, and selected characteristics:

United States, 1978-80 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .,.,,..,, .E. Percent of persons 4 years of age and over who received dental care in the past year by race, Hispanic origin, age, sex,

and family income: United States, 1978–80 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .F. Percent of persons 4 years of age and over never receiving dental care by race, Hispanic origin, sex, family income, and

education of family head United States, 1978 -80 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ,.G. Percent of persons with 1 or more hospital episodes in the past year, average number of days hospitalized per hc)spitalized

person per year, and percent of persons in a hospital for more than 2 weeks in past year by unadjusted and age-adjustedfigures, race, and Hispanic origim United States, 1978-80 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...’.. . .

H. Percent of persons hospitalized in the past 12 months by age group, race, and Hispanic origim United States, 1978-80 .,.J. Incidence of acute, conditions per 100 persons per year by race, Hispanic origin, and acute c?ndition group: United

States, 1979-80 . . ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .K. Days of disability per person per year by race, Hispanic origin, type of disability, family income, and perceived health

status: United States, 1978-80 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ,,, . .L. Percent of persons with activi~ limitation due to chronic conditions by race, Hispanic origin, degree of limitation, family

income, aqd education of family head United States, 1978–80 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .M. Percent of persons with activity Ihnitation due to chronic conditions by unadjusted and age-adjusted figures, degree of

limitation, race, and”Hispanic origim United States, 1978–80 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Symbols

. . . Data not available

. . . Category not applicable

Quantity zero

Quantity more than zero but less than0.05

Quantity more than zero but less than

500 where numbers are rounded to

thousands

Figure does not meet standards of

reliability or precision (more than

30-percent relative standard error)

Figure suppressed to comply with

7

7

8

8

10

1111

12

14

15

16

confidentiality requirements

Health Indicators forHispanic, Black, and WhiteAmericans

.

Fernando M: Trevino, Ph.D., M.P.H., formerly Division of

Health Examination Statistics, and Abigail J. Moss, Divisionof Health Interview Statistics

Introduction

Historically, national surveys conducted in the UnitedStates have produced little data on the health status and healthcare utilization of the UX. Hispanic population. The stratifiedsampling procedures used in these surveys have yielded toofew Hispanic people to allow reliable estimates for that popu-lation. Moreover, available estimates often failed to differentiatethe Hispanic population by national origin, thus overlookingimportant geographic, socioeconomic; and cultural differencesthat exist among these groups.1-3According to the 1980 Census,there were 14.6 million Hispanics in the U.S. of whom 59.8percent were of Mexican origin, 13.8 percent were of PuertoRican origin, 5.5 percent were of Cuban origin, and 20.9 per-cent were of other Hispanic origins.

This report constitutes the first national estimates on a

variety of health indicators for the Hispanic and non-Hispanicpopulations using data from the National Health InterviewSurvey (NHIS), Estimates are presented in this report for theU.S. civilian noninstitutionalized population and for the totalnon-Hispanic, the white non-Hispanic, and the black non-His-panic segments of the population. Estimates are presented alsofor the total Hispanic population, and the Mexican American,the mainland Puerto Rican, the Cuban American, and “otherHispanic” populations, thus allowingcross-cultural comparisons.The primary focus of this report, however, describes the datafor these four Hispanic population groups. Data on the Hispanicpopulation are combined estimates for all Hispanic people re-gardless of race.

<

3

Highlights for Hispanics

Ambulatory physician visits

Mexican Americans

. Mexican Americans hadthelowest physician visit rate ofany group studied, 3.7 visits per person per year.

● Mexican American children, in particular, averaged fewerphysician contacts than other children (about three visitsper child per year, compared with about six visits amongPuerto Rican children).

. One-third of all Mexican Americans, including MexicanAmerican children, had no contact with a medical doctorduring the year.

Puerto Ricans

. Puerto Ricans, along with Cuban Americans, saw a phy-sician the most frequently, about six times a year on theaverage.

. Puerto Rican children averaged the greatest number ofvisits to a doctor compared with other children (5.8 visitsper child per year), twice the rate of Mexican Americanchildren.

. Only one in five Puerto Ricans, on the average, did notconsult with a physician in the course of a year.

Cuban Americans

● Cuban Americans, along with Puerto Ricans, had thehighest rate of physician visits, about six visita per personper year.

. Elderly Cuban Americans with family incomes of $10,000a year or more were particularly high users of physicianservices (18.5 visits per year).

Dental visits

Mexican Americans

● About one-third of Mexican Americans 4 years of age andover visited a dentist within the year compared with almostone-half of all other Hispanics.

● Ahnost one-fifth of Mexican Americans these ages hadnever been to a dentist.

c About one-thiid of Mexican American children had neverreceived dental care, almost twice that for other Hispanicchildren.

Puerto Ricans and Cuban Americans

● Almost one-half of Puerto Ricans and Cuban Americansaged 4 years and oversaw a dentist at least once within theyear.

● Seven percent of Puerto Ricans and 3 pe]icent of CubanAmericans had never received dental care,

● About one out of six Puerto Rican and Cuban Americanchildren (4– 16 years) had never seen a dentist.

Hospitalizations

Mexican Americans

. Mexican Americans were among the least likely to behospitalized (8.5 percent).

● Mexican Americans also tended to spend fewer days inthe hospital (about 8 days) than other persons.

Puerto Ricans and Cuban Americans

● Puerto Ricans and Cuban Americans were the most likelyto be hospitalized of any group studied.

. Puerto Rican children were also more likely to have a hos-pitalization than were other children.

. Puerto Ricans and Cuban Americans tended to spendmore days in a hospital than did other Hispanics who werehospitalized.

Acute conditions—Puerto Ricans

. Puerto Ricans’ had by far the highest incidence of acutecondkions, over three acute conditions per person per year,on the average, compared with about two acute conditionsfor other groups.

. Puerto Ricans also appeared to have the highest incidenceof specific kinds of acute conditions.

.

Days of disability

Mexican Americans

● Mexican Americans as a group had less restricted activity(about 15 days per person per year) than did any othergroup.

. The amount of restricted activity for elderly MexicanAmericans, however, more closely resembled the high ratefor older Puerto Ricans.

2

Puerto Ricans

● Puerto Ricans had by far the gre~test amount of restrictedactivity (27 days per peison per year), about 20 percenthigher than for black persons, the group with the nextgreatest amount of restricted activity.

. Puerto Ricans spent the most time in bed for health reasons(13 days per person); this compared with 9 days for blackpersons, again the group with the second greatest numberof days of bed disability.

. Puerto Ricans, along with black persons, also had some-what higher rates of work-loss days (about 8 days a year).The work-loss day rate for Puerto Rican females was al-most 1!4 times that of Puerto Rican males (10 days com-pared with 7 days, on the average).

Activity limitation due to chronicconditions—Cuban Americans andPuerto Ricans

. Cuban Americans, along with black persons, had the great-est proportion of persons limited in their major activity andother activities. For Cuban Americans, this is largely dueto the relatively large number of older persons.

. However, relative to the age structure (after age adjust-ment), Puerto Ricans, along with black persons, had pro-portionately more people limited in both their major activi-ties and in all of their activities.

3

.

Source and limitations ●

of the data

The information from the National Health Interview Sur-vey (NHIS) presented in this report is based on data collectedin a continuing nationwide survey conducted by household in-terview. Each week a probability sample of households repre-sentative of the U.S. civilian noninstitutionalized population isselected. Household members are interviewed by trained per-sonnel of the U.S. Bureau of the Census and information isobtained about the health and other characteristics of eachhousehold.

One of the strengths of the NHIS is the ability to combinedata over multiple years. The stability of the estimates is in-creased because increasing the sample size leads to smallersampling emors. This is possible because of the sampling designof NHIS and its use of standard questions over several years. ‘It is particularly desirable when making estimates for relativelysmall population groups-in this case, specific Hispanic groups.Therefore, for t.hk report, data are based on information ob-tained from the 1978, 1979, and 1980 NHIS, and annualaverages for these three years are presented.

During these three years, the sample was composed ofabout 122,000 eligible occupied households; of these house-holds, about 1.18,000, containing about 323,000 persons, wereinterviewed. The total noninterview rate was 3.4 percent, ofwhich 1.9 percent was the result of respondent refbsal, and theremainder was primarily the result of the failure to find an eli-gible respondent at home after repeated calls.

A description of the design of the National Health InterviewSurvey, the methods used in estimation, and the general quali-fications of the data obtained from this survey are presented inappendix I. Because the estimates are based on a sample of thepopulation, they are subject to sampling erroq therefore, par-ticular attention should be paid to the section entitled “Relia-bility of estimates.”

Sampling errors for many of the estimates presented in thisreport are relatively low. However, where an estimated numberor the numerator or’denominator of a rate or percent is small,the sampling error may be high. The relatively small size of thePuerto Rican and Cuban American populations in particularlimits the number of meaningful comparisons that can be madefor these groups. An asterisk is placed beside certain figures toindicate 30 percent or greater relative standard error. Figuresmarked with an asterisk are given primarily to allow the readerto combine them with related estimated and thereby possibly toproduce a more reliable overall estimate for a broader category.Charts of relative sampling errors and instructions for their useare shown in appendix I.

Survey data are also subject to nonsampling errors. Thereare limitations to the accuracy of diagnostic and other infor-mation collected in household interviews. For diagnostic infor-mation, the household respondent can usually pass on to theinterviewer only the information the physician has given to thefamily or the family member has told the respondent. For con-ditions not medically attended, diagnostic information is oftenno more than a description of symptoms. However, other facts,such as the number of disability days caused by the condition,can be obtained more accurately from household membersthan from any other source, because only the persons concernedare in a position to report this information.

Questionnaire design and interviewer training are aimed atminimizing the effects of respondent differences in reporting.However, in health interviews, respondents report only thoset.hhgs that they know about and are willing to discuss in aninterview. Respondent differences in reporting occur whenhousehold respondents do not know the requested information,fail to recall accurately events occurring during the referenceperiod, report events as having occurred during the referenceperiod that actually happened outside the refkrence period, orwithhold information. In this survey, persons 17 years of ageand over may respond for themselves and any responsibleadult who is married or 19 years of age or alder may answerquestions for any other related person in the household, whichalso may account for some error ii reporting.

The NHIS questionnaire has not been translated intoSpanish. (The NHIS has Spanish flashcards, however, whichSpanish-speaking respondents use to answer some questions.)Consequently, in households where the adult respondent doesnot speak English, interviewers must rely on translators totranslate the questions and answers or must act as translatorst.liemselves. Adult bilingual family members are preferred astranslators, but a child who lives in the household or any otheravailable person outside the home may alscj be a translator,This practice may also result in a certain amount of misinterpre-tation of the questions and some misclassification of responses,

Certain terms used in this report are deJtinedin appendixII. Some of the terms have specialized meanings for the pur-pose of this survey. For example, to identify persons of His-panic ancestry or origin, respondents were given a flashcardcontaining the following list of Hispanic groups-Puerto Rican,Cuban, Mexican, Mexicano, Mexican American, Chicano,other Latin American, and other Spanish. Similarly, a flash-card was used by respondents to select each family member’sracial background.

4

,

As previously mentioned, this report contains data aboutwhite non-Hispanic and black non-Hispanic persons for com-parative purposes. Hereatler, when statements are made aboutthese two population groups, the term “non-Hispanic” is notalways added. White and black persons, or a similar term, willbe substituted instead but will mean white non-Hispanic orblack non-Hispanic persons.

The topic areas covered in-the NHIS every year and forwhich data are shown in tables 1–14 include the following

● Utilization of health services, as measured by physicianvisits, dental visits, and hospitalization.

. Illness and disability measures including incidence of acuteconditions by condition group, activity limitation as-sociated with chronic conditions, days of restricted activity,days spent in bed, and days missed fromework because ofillness and injury.

The population figures used in computing the estimates appearin tables 15–17.

When observing differences in the estimates for the His-panic and non-Hispanic groups for each of these variables, it isimportant to remember that the variables are interrelated. Forexample, an acute condition, by the definition used in theNHIS, must result in either one or more days of restrictedactivity or medical attention. If a particular population grouputilizes physicians more often because of their availability andnot because of differences in rates of illness, this may also resultin this group shown as having, for example, higher incidencerates of acute conditions. Therefore, caution should be exercisedwhen interpreting these results.

The questions used in 1978-80 to obtain the informationdescribed in this report are shown in appendix III. A completefacsimile of the questionnaire used il. the interview during

1980 is provided in Vital and Health Statistics, Series 10, No.139.4

In this report, terms such as “similar” and “the same”mean that no statistically signii5cant difference exists betweenthe estimates being compared. Terms relating to difference (forexample, “greater” or “less”) indicate that differences arestatistically significant. The t-test with a critical value of 1.96(0.05 level of significance) was used to test all comparisonsthat are discussed, Lack of comment regarding the differencebetween any two statistics does not mean the difference wastested and found not significant.

Because the age distributions in the various populationgroups described differ considerably, this report contains someage-adjusted rates. the Cuban American population, for ex-ample, has proportionately many more elderly people than theother Hispanic groups. Specifically, 16 percent of all CubanAmericans are 65 years of age or older, while only 4 percent ofall other Hispanic people are in this age group. In contrast,Mexican Americans are a younger population with 36 percentunder 17 years old compared with 32 percent of all other His-panic Americans. Four broad age categories were used to age-adjust the estimates shown in this report, but even within thesegroups, the age distributions vary. For instance, among thoseaged 65 years or older, the Mexican Americans are still youngerthan the Cuban Americans and the black non-Hispanics areyounger than the white non-Hispanics. Therefore, when usingthe age-adjusted rates to compare estimates for the differentgroups, some of the differences still may be the result of agedifferentials between the populations. Nevertheless, age-adjustedrates are useful when examining relationships among groupswith divergent age distributions. The unadjusted (crude) ratesor percents, however, are the actual ones that should be quotedrather than the age-adjusted ones. References to rates in thisreport are to the unadjusted on&, unless otherwise stated.

5

Utilization of health services

Ambulatory physician visits

The civilian noninstitutionalized population of the UnitedStates averaged 4.7 visits to a physician per person per yearduring 1978–80 (table 1). These visits (or contacts) includeboth visits made in person and via the telephone but excludemedical doctor visits to inpatients in hospitals. As expected,physician visits are directly related to age among all etilc andracial groups, with older persons seeing a physician more oftenthan younger persons. Beyond the age of 17 years, femalesaverage more physician visits than males. Persons 17–64 yearswith annual family incomes below $10,000 consult a physicianmore frequently than persons of these ages with higher incomes.Persons whose overall health is reported as fair or poor go to aphysician 2?4times as often as persons whose health is rated asexcellent or good.

The white, black, and Hispanic populations experiencedapproximately an equal number of physician visita per personper year (4.8, 4.6, ‘and 4.4 visita, respectively). However, His-panic groups dfier significantly in their use of physicians.Mexican Americans averaged fewer visits to a physician (3.7)than white and black persons, while Puerto Ricans and CubanAmericans averaged more visita (6.0 and 6.2 visita, respec-tively) (table A). These ethnic and racial differences in phy-sician utilization could not be accounted for on the basis of agebecause the differences remain even after the data are ageadjusted.

Mexican American children (under 17 years of age) saw aphysician less frequently (2.8 visits) than did other children ofHkpanic origin (table 1 and figure 1). Because of the relatively

~ Mexican American

-- Puaflo Rican0

-. - Cuban ,American

● -===- Other Hispanic

20 40 60 80

Age in years

Figu~e 1, Number of physician visits per person per year by age

end Hispanic origin: United States, 1978-80

Tabla A. Numbar of physician visits per person par year by unadjusted and age-adjustad figures, sex, rata, and Hispanic origirri United Statas,1978-80

Unadjusted Age-odjustedf

Both BothRace and Hispanic origin “ sexes Mala Female sexes Male Female

Non-Hispanic Number of physician visits per parson pew yaar

White . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.8 4.1 5.5 4.8 4,1 5.4Black . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.6 3.8 5.2 4.8 Lo 5,4

Specified Hispanic

Mexican American . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.7 3.0 4.4 4.3 :)06 5.0Puerto Ricen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.0 4.9 7.0 6.1 !L2 g#9Cuban American, , . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.2 5.1 7.1 5.8 4.8 6.6Other Hispenic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.8 3.7 5.9 5.1 4.1 !5.9

lAge.adjusted by the diract method to tha age distribution of the civilian noninatitutionelized population Of the United StEtaa as OfJulY 1, 1979,

6’

,.small number of Cuban American children m the sample, theditTerenceobserved in the average number of visits for Mexicanand Cuban American children, however, is not statisticallysignitlcant.

Puerto Rican children averaged the greatest number ofvisits to a doctor (5.8 visits), but the difference in the rates forCuban American and Puerto Rican children may be due tosampling variation. Among non-Hispanics, whilte children sawa physician more often than did black children (4.5 comparedto”3.2 visits per child).

Except among children (boys and girls have similar rates),females utilize physicians more frequently than males. Thisutilization difference between the sexes is greatest during thechild-bearing years. It is interesting to note that while bothwhite and black elderly (65 years and over) women have higherutilization rates than elderly ‘men, it appears that Hispanicelderly men see a physician more frequently than Hispanicelderly women (table B). Elderly Cuban Americans with familyincomes of $10,000 or more per year were particularly highusers of physician services (18.5 visits per year). MexicanAmericans were the only ethnic or racial group to exhibit anoverall positive relationship between the educational level ofthe family head and use of physician services.

Tables 2 and C show the number of physician visits forpersons who had one or more physician visits in the past year.Persons who did not see a physician in the past year were ex-cluded so ethnic and racial differences in the volume of visitscould be compared among people who actually had physicianvisits.

Cuban Americans and Puerto Ricans who saw a physicianin the course of a year did so with great frequency. Among the

elderly, Cuban and Mexican Americans who visited a physicianalso appeared to go more otlen than did other Hispanics (figure2). As a group, however, Mexican Americans who visited aphysician still averaged the fewest visits compared with mostof the other ethnic or racial groups. When these data were age

Table B. Numbar of physician viaita per person per year forpersona 65 yaars end over by sex, race, and Hispanic origin:

United States, 1978-80

65 yearsand over

Race and Hispanic origin Male Famale

Visits perNon-Hispanic person per year

Allracesl . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.8 6.7

White . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.7 6.6Black . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.3 7.0

Specified Hispanic

All HispanicZ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.9 7.6

Mexican Amarican . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.6 6.5

Puerto Rican . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . *6.9 *6.2

Cuban American . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.3 10.5

Other Hiapanic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . 8.1 4.9

lln~ludes RII other races not shown separately and unkncwn whather Of

Hispanic origin. \zlnclude~ unknown Hispanic 0ri9in.

Table C. Number of physician visits per person per year for personswith one ‘or more visita, by unadjusted and age-adjusted figures,race, and Hispanic origin: United States, 1978-80 .

All persons

Race and Hispanic origin Unadjusted Aga-adjustedl

Non-Hispanic Vists per person per year

White . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.4 6.4

Black . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.3 6.5

Specified Hispanic

Mexican American . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.0 6.6Puerto Ricsn . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.8 7.9Cuban American . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.5 7.9

Other Hispanic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.6 6.9

lAge-adjusted by the direct method to the age distribution of the civiliannoninstitutionalized population of the United Statea aa of July 1, 1979.

14

12

10 -

8

6

4

2

/

t+ ●☛☞●☛☛ _ Mexican American

- - pue~o Rican

--- Cuban Americen

.===== Other Hispenic

‘~O’ 20 40 60 80

Age in years .

L

Figure 2. Numbar of physician visits per person par year for parsonswith 1 or mora viaits by aga and Hiepanic origin: United States,1978-80

adjusted, Mexican Americans who contacted a physician werefound to be comparable with white and black persons in thenumber of visits. Puerto Ricans and Cuban Americans stillaveraged a high number of physician visits after the data wereage adjusted. It thus appears that the lower utilization of phy-sician services among Mexican Americans is mainly due to alarge proportion of Mexican Americans who do not go to aphysician in the course of a year and to a lesser extent to theiryounger age structure.

7

Data on physician visits by interval since last visit arepresented in tables 3 and D. One-third of all Mexican Ameri-cans did not consult with a physician in ●tie co’urse of a yearcompared with one-fourth of non-Hispanics, Cuban Americans,and “other Hispanics:’ and one-fti of Puerto Ricans. Sim-ilarly, proportionately more Mexican American children (35percent) did not see a physician in the past year as comparedwith other Hispanic and non-Hispanic children. In contrast,less than one-fifth of all Puetio Rican and “other Hispanic”children dldmot see a doctor within the past year.

Among all ettilc ad racial groups studied, the Sducationof the family head was inversely related to the time interval

since the last physician contact. Proportionately, persons whowere reported in excellent or good health were at least twice aslikely not to see a physician in the course of a year as werepersons classified in fair or poor health.

Dental visits

Overall, about one out of eve~ two Americans 4 years ofage or older are seen by a dentist each year (table 4). Thedental visit estimates have been limited to persons 4 years ofage and over because very young children are infrequent re-ceivers of dental care. As these data and the data in table E

Table D. Parcent of persons with no physician contaots in the past year by race, Hispanic origin, and selected characteristics: Unitad States,197s-s0

Non-Hispanic Specified Hispanic

Mexican Puerto Cuban OtherCharacteristic White Black American Rican Americ6’n Hispanic

Percent of persons with no physician contacts in past yeer

23.8 33.1 20.4 23.3Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23.3 23,9

Sex

28,919.5

Male . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Female . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

27.819.1

28.9 38.4 25.8 27.419.3 27.8 15.3 20.3

Education of family head

Under 9 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9-n years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12yeara ormcwe . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

27.0 27.2 37.2 22.8 25.825.7 33.9 22.9 26.620.9 27.0 17.0 21,7

29.525.522.2

22,722.4

Family income

Less than $10,000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ; . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .$10,000 ormore . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

22.523.3

23.2 32.6 17.5 20,522.9 32.6 23.4 23.6

24,523.4

Percaived health status

Excellent, good . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Fair, poor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

24.812.3

26.1 35.7 22.7 26.813.6 16.4 11.5 8.2

25,79,7

Table E. Parcent of persons 4 years of sge end over who raceived dental cere in tha past year by race, Hispenic origin, ega, sex, and femily$income: United Ststaa, 1978-80


Mexican Puerto Cubari OtherAge, sex, and family income White Black American Rican Americwr Hispwric

Percent of persona with 1 or more dental visita in past year

36.9 34.5 45.6 45.5Allagas 4years And over .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55.8 49,8

58,248.348,13487

48,650.8

43,054,1

Age

4-16 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17-44 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .45-64 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .65yaars and over . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

68.056.151.834.4

43.5 39,0 53.8 56,839.2 33.1 44,1 51,029.6 34.0 4T.4 41.017.5 23.2 *19.3 27,9

Sex

Male . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Female . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

54.057.5

35.7 32.0 42.9 42.437.9 37.0 48.2 48.0

Family income

Less than $10,000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...!.. . .$lO,OOOor more. .. l . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

40.161.4

33.7 27,5 45,1 33,242.2 39.9 46.9 54.2

8

show, the percent of persons with one or more dental visits in ayear varies substantially by age, race, and ethnicity. Regardlessof race or ethnicity, however, children are the most likely to seea dentist each year. The proportion of persons with at least onedental visit within a year declines for adults, with elderly per-sons having the lowest proportion seeing a dentist during theyear. Overall, females are somewhat more likely to go to adentist, And, as expected, family income, in most cases, has animpact on the likelihood of obtainiig regular dental care.

Among Hispanics, only about one-third of MexicanAmericans went to a dentist within the year compared withalmost one-half of all other Hispanic persons. Similarly, only39 percent of Mexican American children aged 4–16 yearsreceived dental care within the year. For most age groups, useof dental services by Mexican Americans more closely re-sembled the pattern of dental care received by black personsthan by other Hispanic persons. Puerto Ricans were the onlypopulation group among whom dental visits were not signifi-cantly influenced by family income level.

When overall estimates of persons never seeing a dentistare compared among specific populations, even larger dispari-ties are found. Vktually all white persons 4 years of age andover have been to a dentist. In contrast, ahnost one-fifth of theMexican American population these ages had never been to a

dentist (figure 3). The percent of Mexican’ Americans neverreceiving dental care was almost seven times as great as forwhite persons (the greatest users of dental care) and twice thatof black persons (the second highest nonusers). Most personswith low family incomes are somewhat less likely to have everseen a dentist than persons with higher incomes (table F). Low-income Mexican American were over 1?4times more likely tohave never seen a dentist than were Mexican Americans withannual family incomes of $10,000 or more (22 percent com-pared with 14 percent), Most persons who rated their overallhealth as fair or poor were more likely to have been to a dentistthan were persons who reported their health as excellent orgood (table 4).

Relative to preventive dentistry, almost one-third of MexicanAmerican children 4-16 ygars of age had never received dentalcare (figure 4). This percent is three times that for white chil&enand akost twice that for other Hispanic children.

Hospitalizations .

Three types of hospitalization estimates are presented inthis report: (1) perce~t of persons with one or more hospitalepisodes during the previous yea~ (2) average number of dayshospitalized per year for hospitalized persons; and (3) percent

20

17.4

White Black Mexican Puerto Cuban Other

American Rican American Hispanic


Race and Hispanic origin

Figure 3, Percent of persons 4 yeers of ege and over never receiving dental cere by race and Hiapenic origin: United States, 1978-80

9

Table F. Percent of persons 4 years of age and over never receiving dental care by race, Hispenic origin, sax, family income, and education

of family haad: United States, 1978-80


Mexican Puerto Cuban OtherSex, family income, and education of family head White Black American Rican American Hispanic

AIlages 4yeara And over . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Sex

Male . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Female . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fsmily income

Less than $10,000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .$10,000 or more . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Q

Education of family hesd

Under 9years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9-n years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12years or more . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Percent of persons never receiving dental care

2.5 9.2 17.4 6.9 3.1

2.8 10.2 18.8 8.6 4.32.2 8.3 16.1 5.3 2.2

3.1 9.8 22.1 7.9 *2.82.3 7.5 13.5 6.3 2.9

3.7 12.1 24.9 11.7 6.23.9 10.4 13.1 6.6 “1.41.9 6.6 9.1 3.2 2.4

6,9

8<15,9

8.95.8

12.26.85,0

of hospitalized persons who were in the hospital for 1 week or tion of the population with a hospitalization variss according toless, over 1–2 weeks, or more than” 2 weeks during the past age and sex. Hospitalization rates generally inc tease with age,year. and higher rates occur among females during the childbearing

Approximately 1 in 10 Americans are hospitalized at least years.once during a year (table 5). As expected, the actual propor- As shown in table G, Puerto Ricans and Cuban Americans

30

20

‘5E;&’

10

0

30.7

White 81ack Mexicsn Puerto Cuban Other

American Rican American Hispanic


Race and Hispanic origin.

Figure 4. Percent of persons 4-16 years old never receiving dental care by rata and Hispanic origin: United States, 1978-80

10

Tabla G. Percent of paraons with 1 or more hospital episodas in tha past year, average numbar of days hospitalized per hospitalized parsonper yaar, and percent of persons in a hospital for more than 2 weaks in past year by unadjusted and aga-adjusted figures, race, and Hispanicorigin: United Statea, 1978-80

Persons hospitalized Total days hospitalized Hospitalized over 2 weeks

Race and Hispanic origin Unadjusted Age-adjusted~ Unadjusted Age-a djustedl Unadjusted Age-adjusted~

Non-Hispanic

White . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Black . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Specifiad Hispanic

Mexican Amarican . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Puerto Rican . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Cuban American . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Other Hispanic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Percent of parsons

10,5 10.310.3 ‘11.1

1::: 1‘t:12.9 12.2

8.8 9.6

Days per person Percent of persons

9.4 8,4 15.7 12.911.3 11.0 18.4 17.6

7.7 8.3 11.3 12.710.2 10.9 16.1 18.0

10,1 9,0 16.5 12.2

8.7 8.9 15.0 15.8

lAge.adju~~ed by the direot method to the age distribution of the civilian noninstitutionaiized population Ofthe United states as OfJIJY 1, 1979.

were proportionately more likely to be hospitalized than mem-bers of other ethnic or racial groups, with 12.9 percent of theCuban American population and 11.4 percent of the PuertoRican population experiencing at least one hospital episode inthe course of a year. Because the Cuban American populationis an older population compared with the other ethnic and racialgroups investigated in this report, and higher rates of hospital-izations are known to occur among older persons, these datawere age adjusted. The percent of Cuban Americans hospital-ized was still 1.3 times that of Mexican Americans and “otherHispanics” (12.2 percent compared with 9.6 percent) even afterage adjustment. Therefore, the higher proportion of hospital-izations among Cuban Americans cannot be accounted for bytheir age structure. White and black persons had an intermediateproportion with hospital episodes while Mexican Americansand “other Hispanics’? had the lowest proportion with one ormore hospital episodes in one year.

Puerto Rican children were proportionately more likely tobe hospitalized than were other Hispanic and non-Hispanicchildren (table H). While elderly Puerto Ricans appear to bethe least likely among elderly persons to be hospitalized, thisdifference may be the result of sampling variation,

The hospitalized population spends an’ average of about10 days per person per year in the hospital (table 6). The aver-age number of days spent in the hospital in general increasesamong older ~ersons regardless of race or ethnicity. For allpersons, the rate increased from 6.5 days among those under17 years of age to 14.5 days for those 65 years of age andover.

Specifically, black persons, Puerto Ricans, and CubanAmericans who were hospitalized tended to spend more daysin a hospital per year than did persons comprising the other

Table H. Parcent of persons hospitalized in the past 12 monthsby age group, rata, and Hispanic origin: Unitad States, 1978-80

Hospitalized in past12 months

Under 65 yearsRace and Hispanic origin 17 yaars and over

Non-Hispanic Parcent

White . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.4 18,3Black . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.8 17.3

Specified Hispanic

Mexican American . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.7 18.5Puerto Rican . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.0 *1 0.5Cuban American . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . *5.7 20.3

Other Hispanic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.6 20.8

ethnic and racial groups. The high hospital day estimate forCuban Americans is somewhat explained by the disproportion-ate number of older persons in this Hispanic group (see age-adjusted figures in table G). Except for Puerto Ricans, maleswith hospital episodes spent somewhat more time in the hos-pital than females did. On the average, one out of every threepersons who are hospitalized during the year spend over aweek in the hospital (table 7). Black persons had the highestproportion with total days in excess of2weeks (18.4 percent ofthose hospitalized). Mexican Americans were less likely thanall other Hispanics to be hospitalized for this length of time(11.3 compared with 15.4 percent). Afier age adjustment,however, the proportion of Cuban Americans hospitalized formore than 2 weeks more closely resembled the Mexican Amer-ican rate.

11

Illness and disability

Acute conditions

Acute conditions for the purpose of determining incidenceare defiied by NHIS as illnesses and injuries that cause either1 day or more of restricted activity or medical attention andwhere onset occurs in the 2 weeks prior to tie interview.Characteristically, acute conditions occur among females withgreater frequency than among males, and incidence rates de-crease with increasing age. As expected, ~ata in table 8 showthat women have a higher incidence of acute conditions thanmen and the highest acute condhion rates are found for personsunder 17 years of age. Further, persons who report their healthas fair or poor have a higher incidence rate of acute condhionsthan do persons tvho report their health as excellent or good.

While the overall incidence rate of acute conditions was218.8 per 100 persons per year, this rate varied appreciablyamong the groups studied. Puerto Ricans had the highest in-cidence of acute conditions of all ethnic and racial groups in-vestigated (table J). The incidence rate among Puerto Ricanswas 1.9 times as great as that of Cuban Americans and 1.4times as high as that of white persons and “other Hispanics,”who had the second highest incidence of acute conditions. Thelow acute condition incidence rate among Cuban Americans,however, is in part the result of the disproportionate number ofolder persons. After adjusting forage, the acute condition ratefor Cuban Americans was similar to the rate for MexicanAmericans and black persons (table 9).

Not only did Puerto Ricans have the highest overall in-cidence rate of acute conditions, but they also appeared to havethe highest rate for each specific kind of acute condition. Becauseof the small cell sizes for some of the specific acute conditioncategories, however, these differences are not statistic~ly sig-nitlcant. Respiratory conditions, such as colds, flu, bronchitis,

and pneumonia account for roughly one-half of all acute con-ditions. The rate of respiratory conditions among Puerto Ricanchildren (285 conditions per 100 persons) was more than twicethe rate among Mexican and Cuban American children, Incontrast, Mexican Americans’ had by far the lowest incidenceof acute infective and parasitic conditions compared with allother Hispanic persons (about 10 versus 24 conditions per 100persons). This raises a question regarding how much thosehigher rates among Puerto Ricans are an indicator of higherincidence of acute illness among this populaticm or whetherthey partially reflect the greater use of medical care by PuertoRicans (one of two criteria used by this Survey to define anacute condition).

While acute condition rates characteristically decline asage increases, incidence rates among elderly Mexican Ameri-cans on the other hand showed a different trend (figure 5),Again this rate among elderly Mexican Americans may reflectthe relatively high utilization of health services by elderlyMexican Americans.

Days of disability

Disability day estimates from the NHIS represent thosedays in which persons restrict their activities because of aninjury or an illness that resulted from either an acute or chroniccondition. The three types of disability day estimates describedin this section are restricted activity, bed days, md work-lossdays. While restricted activity and bed disability estimates arepresented for all persons, work-loss days are limited to the cur-rently employed population 17 years of age and oyer.

Restricted activity days and days spent in bsd because ofillness or injury typically increase with age and are higher for

Table J. Incidence of acute conditions per 100 pereons per year by race, Hispanic origin, and acute condition group: United States, 1979-80

Non-Hispanic Specified Hispanic—

Mexican Puerto Cuben OtherAcute condition group White Black American Ricen American Hispanic

Number of acute conditions per 100 persons per year

All acute conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 224.6 188.1 188.9 321.8 172.5 223.3

infective and/or parasitic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26.2 18.9 “1O.5 39.2 *23.5 18.4Respiratory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115.0 89.5 100.7 165.1 81.1 132,7Digestive . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10.9 13.6 13.2 21.0 *5.4 ‘12<1Injuries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35.5 26.8 30.2 43.4, 30.2Another acute conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

31.337.0 39.3 34.3 53.2 32,3 28,8

700 r —Mexican American

600

500

400

300

200

100

\

\- - p“efi~ Ri~~n

\- . - Cuban American

\ .==. =. Other Hispanic

\

, ‘\

●● \“●● \

s;● \

b

●

●** \●ee

‘*.,*•~~..8

v“,%

%+●**

--$-

++

+,

1 I I I I0 20 40 60 80

Age in years

Figure 5. Incidence of acute conditions per 100 persons per year

by age and Hispanic origin: United States, 1979-80

— Mexican American

== Puerto Rican

--- Cuban American04

=====. Other Hispanic . /

I

1

/

//

I I I I20 40 60 80

Age in years

Figure 6. Daya of restricted activity per person per year by age

, and Hispanic origin: United States, 1978-80

I “3

40

r _ Mexican American

I -- Puerto Rican‘;

I - ■ - Cuban American ‘/

30 –

20

10

■ ===== Other Hispanic /

1 I 1 Io 20 ,40 60 80

Age in years

Figure 7, Days of bed disability par parson per yaar by age and

Hispanic origin: United States, 1978-80

females than for males. On the average, persons had 19 days ofrestricted activity and spent about 1 week in bed during theyear because of health (tables 10 and 11). The number of re-stricted activity days rose ‘from about 11 days per year forchildren, to a high of about 40 days for persons 65 years of ageor older. Children spent an average of 5 days in bed for healthreasons compared with 2 weeks for persons constituting theoldest age group. Overall, females experienced about 1.3 timesmore restricted activity and 1.4 times more bed disability thandid males. Persons with family incomes under $10,000 reportedon the average about twice the number of restricted activityand bed days as did other persons. Further, the number of eachof these types of days tended to decrease as the family’s edu-cational level increased. As expected, persons who were de-scribed as in fair or poor health experienced significantly greaterbed disability and restricted activity days than persons whoassessed their health as excellent or good.

Puerto Ricans had by far the greatest amoun;of restrictedactivity and spent the most time in bed for health reasons whencompared with all other Hispanic and non-Hispanic persons(figures 6 and 7 and table K). Specifically, Puerto ~cans re-ported about 27 days of restricted activity per person. This rateis about 20 percent higher than the rate for black persons whoreported @e second greatest number of restricted activity days.Further, Puerto Ricans on the average spent ahnost 2 weeks in

13

Tabla K. Days of disability par person per year by rata, Hispanic origin, type of disability, family income, and perceived health sfatus: UnitedStates, 1978-80


Type of disability, family income, and Mexican Puerto Cuban otherperceived health status White Black American Rican American Hispenic

RESTRICTED ACTIVITY

All persons . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Family income

Under $10,000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .$10,000 or more . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Perceived health status


BED DISABILITY

Ail persons . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .’ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Family incoma

Under $10,000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .$10,000 or more . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .



WORK LOSS1

Allcurrently employed persons.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fsmily incoma

Under $10,000 . . . . . . . . . . . . ..’...... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$10,000 ormore . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .


Excellent, good . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fair, poor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Disability days per person per year

22.3 15.3 26.7 21.5 19.318.7

31.314.6

11.970.2

6.6

10.65.2

4.224.6

4.8

6.2

4.6

3.914.7

28.316.2

20.212.6

37.415.0

29.118.9

28,614,8

12.265.7

9.4

54.1

15.1

71.614.559,1

12,5

72,1

9.4 6.1 13.4 8.2 7.9

11.77.0

8.04.9

19.17.6

12.86.2

11.46.1

5.327.3

3.721.6

8.432.5

5.423,3

4.931.1

4.3 5.77.7 4.4 7.8

7.7

8.1

5.5

4.1

*7.8

8.0

*6.3

‘3.4

6.4

5.2

6.315.0

3.212.5

6.3

*16.9

*3.5

*15.7 1%lCurrently employed persons 17 years of age and over.

,

bed because of health problems compared with about 9 days byblack persons, again the group reporting the next greatest numberof days. The large numbers (relative to other ethnic or racialgroups) of restricted activity and bed disability days amongPuerto Ricans are somewhat accounted for by high rates ofdisability among Puerto Rican women. For example, PuertoRican women reported 82 percent more bed disability daysthan did Puerto Rican men. In contrast, Mexican Americansas a group had the smallest number of restricted activity days(15.3 days per person) of any racial or ethnic group. The loweraverage estimate of 6.1 bed days per person among MexicanAmericans, however, may be the result of sampling variation.Although ~exican Americans as a group apparently experi-enced the fewest disability days, there was a noticeable increasein days of disability among elderly Mexican Americans whoserate more closely resembled the rate for elderly Puerto Ricans.

Overall, about 5 days are lost from work each year by allcurrently employed persons (table 12). Puerto Rican and blackpersons had somewhat higher rates of work loss than all otherHispanic and non-Hispanic persons. Women tend to haveslightly more work-loss days because of health reasons than do

men, among Puerto Ricans, the work-loss rate for females was1.5 times that of males (9.8 compared with 6.7 days), Regard-less of race or ethnicity, persons reported in fair or poor healthexperienced signitlcantly greater work loss than persons whosehealth was assessed as excellent or good—about 2.5 to 4 timesas many days, on the average.

Activity limitation due to chronicconditions

Whereas the NHIS disability day estimatx are designedto measure temporary reduction of usual activities caused byshort-term health problems, the NHIS limitation of activityconcept identfles long-term reduction in activity from an im-pairment or a chronic disease. Data presentedi in this sectionidenti& the population by two limitation categcjries:

. Persons limited in major activity, including those unable tocarry on their usual activity, whether it is working, keepinghouse, or going to school, and those restricted in the amountor kind of major activity for their age-sex group. ,

14

● Persons limited in any activity, in addition to includinglimitations in one’s major activity, includes restriction ofother activities, such as recreational, civic, church, orother leisure time activities.

$)n the average, chronic conditions or impairment limit one inseven Americans in some of the activities other persons theirage can do (table 13).

Estimates of persons limited by age group are more mean-ingful, however, as the proportion of the population with somekind of activity limitation increases so substantially with age.Specifically, about 4 percent of all children compared withabout 45 percent of elderly persons reported some limitation.About one-half of the children who had a limitation, were, infact, limited in their main activity, that is, either in school or inplay (table 14). Among limited adults, over three-fourths re-ported a limitation in their major activity. A far greater pro-portion of persons with family incomes below $10,000 peryear were limited in their major activity than were persons witha higher family income. Education of family head is also in-

versely related to the proportion of the population with anactivity limitation.

The Cuban American population compared with mostother groups had the greatest proportion of persons (17 percent)with some kind of an activity limitation due to a chronic con-dition (table L). However, this finding results from the largenumber of elderly Cuban Americans. After age-adjustment,Puerto Rican and black persons had the highest proportionswith an activity limitation (table M). White and all other His-panic persons, in contrast, were proportionately equivalentwith respect to activity limitations due to chronic conditions(about 14 percent).

Cuban American and black persons had the highest pro-portions of people limited in their major activity due to a chroniccondition. When these estimates were age adjusted, however,Puerto Rican and black people had the greatest proportion ofpersons who were limited in their major activity (about 15 per-cent). After adjusting for the age differentials, the proportion ofCuban Americans with a major activity limitation instead re-sembled the rates for white and other Hispanic persons.

Table L. Percent of persons with activity limitation due to chronic conditions by race, Hispanic origin, degree of limitation, family income, andeducation of family head: United Statea, 1978-80


Activity limitation, family income, and Mexican Puerto Cuban Othereducation of family head White Black American Rican American Hispanic

ALL LIMITATIONS

All persons . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Family income

Under $10,000 . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$10,000 or more . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .


Under 9 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .; . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9-n years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12years or more . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

LIMITED IN MAJOR ACTIVITY

Ail persons . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...’....

Family income

Under $10,000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$10,000 ormore. o. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .


14.7 15.3

26.9 21.210.6 8.7

30.4 27.017.4 13.711.0 9.0

10.8 12.4

22.0 17.8

7.1 6.4

9.5

13.06.9

11.87.67.4

7.1

10.3

4.9

Percent

14.8

21.08.0 “

19.813.710,6

10.8

16.2

4.9

17.0 10,3

26.8 ‘ 14.712.0 8.0

22.5 14.717.5 11.512.1 8.6

13.6 7.3

22.0 10.99.5 5.2

Under 9 years ., ..,... . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25.6 23.1 9.5 15.6 17.9 10.89-llyeers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13.5 11.1 5.5 10.6 16.8 7.2

12years ormore . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.4 6.7 4.8 6.4 9.0 6.0

15

Table M. Percent of persons with activity limitation dua to chronic conditions by unadjusted arrd aga-adjusted degraa of limitation, rata, andHispanic origin United States, 197S-80

Unadjusted Age *adjustedT

All Limited in All Limitad inRace and Hispanic origin limitations major activity limitations major activity

Non-Hispanic Percent

White . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14.7 10.8 14.1 10.3Black . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15.3 12.4 18.0 14.8

Specifiad Hispanic

Mexican American . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.5 7.1 14.3 11.4Puerto Rican . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .’ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14.8 10.8 19.2 15.5Cuban American . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17.0 13.6 14.1 10.9

Other Hispanic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10.3 7.3 13.3 10.0

lAge-adjusted by the direct method to the age distribution of the civilian noninstitutionalized population of the United States aa of July 1, 1979,

16

References

IF. M. Trevino: Vital and health statistics for the U.S. Hispanic pop-ulation. Am. J. Public Health 72(9):979–982, Sept. 1982.

2R. E. Roberts and E. S. Lea The health of Mexican Americans,evidence from the human population laboratory studies. Am. J. PublicHealth 70(4):375-384, Apr. 1980.

3National Center for Health Statistics, F. M. Trevino and A. J. Moss:Health insurance coverage and physician visits among Hispanic andnon-Hispanic people. Heakh, United States, 1983. DHHS Pub. No.(PHS) 84-1232. Public Health Service. Washington. U.S. Govem-men~Printing Oftice, Dec. 1983.

4National Center for Health Statistics, S. Jack Current estimatesfrom the National Health Interview Survey, United States, 1980. Vitaland Health Statistics, Series 10, No. 139. DHHS Pub. No. (PHS)82-1567. Public Health Service. Washington. U.S. GovernmentPrinting Office, Dec. 1981.

sNational Center for Health Statistics: Health Interview Survey Pro-cedure, 1957-1974. Vital and Health Statistics. Series 1, No. 11.DHE W Pub. No. (HRA) 75-1311. Health Resources Administra-tion. Washington. U.S. Government Printing Office, Apr. 1975.

6National Center for Health Statistics: Health survey procedure: con-cepts, questionnaire development, and definitions in the Health Inter-view Survey. Vital and Health Statistics. Series 1, No. 2. PHS Pub.No. 1000. Public Health Service. Washington. U.S. GovernmentPrinting Oftice, May 1964.

7U.S. National Health Survey, W. R. Simmons: The statistical designof the health household interview survey. Health Statistics. PHS Pub.No. 584-A2. Public Health Service. Washington. U.S. GovernmentPrinting Office, July 1958.

8National Center for Health Statistics, J. A. Beam Estimation andsampling variance in the Health Interview Survey. Vital and HealthStatistics. Series 2, No. 38. PHS Pub, No. 1000. Public Health Serv-ice. Washington, U.S. Government Printing OffIce, June 1970.

‘National Center for Health Statistics, D. A. Koons: Quality controland measurement of nonsampling error in the Health Interview Survey.Vital and Health Statistics. Series 2, No. 54. DHEW Pub. No.(HSM) 73-1328. Herdth Services and Mental Health Administration.Washington.-U.S. Government Printing Otllce, Mar. 1973.

l~ational Center for Health Statistics, E. Balamutk Health inter-

view responses compared with medical records. Vital and HealthStatistics. Series 2, No. 7. PHS Pub. No. 1000. Public Health Service.Washington. U.S. Government Printing Office, July 1965.

1lNational Center for Health Statistics, W. G. Madow: Interview data

on chronic conditions compared with information derived from medicalrecords. ~ital and Health Statistics. Series 2, No. 23. PHS Pub. No.1000. Public Health Service, Washington. U.S. Government PrintingOtllce, May 1967.

12NationalCenter for Health Statistics, C. F. Carmen and F. J. Fowler,Jr.: Comparison of hospitalization reporting in three survey procedures.Vital and Health Statistics. Series 2, No. 8. PHS Pub, No. 1000.Public Health Service, Washington. U.S. Government Printing Ofice,July 1965.

13National Center for Health Statistics, C. F. Cannell, F. J. Fowler,Jr., and K. H. Marquis: The influence of interviewer and respondentpsychological and behavioral variables on the reporting in householdinterviews. Vital and Health Statistics. Series 2, No. 26. PHS Pub.No. 1000. Public Health Service. Washington. U.S. Gow!mmentPrinting Oftice, Mar. 1968.

14u. S. p,ublic Health Service and Health Care Financing Adrrinktm-

tion International C[assl>cah”onof Diseases, 9th Revision, ClinicalModification. DHHS Pub. No. (PHS) 80-1260. Public Health Serv-ice. Washington. U.S. Government Printing Office, Sept. 1980.,15Americarr H&pital Association: Guide to the Health Care Field.AHA catalog no. 2451M. Chicago. 1979.

.

17

List of detailed tables

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

8.

Number of physician visits per person per year by race,Hispanic origin, and selected characteristics: United States,1978-80 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Number of physician visits per person per year for personswith 1 or more visits by race, Hispanic origin, and selectedcharacteristics: United States, 1978–80 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Percent distribution of persons by race, Hispanic origin,and time interval since last physician visit, according toselected characteristics: United States, 1978–80 . . . . . . . . .

Percent distribution of persons by race, Hispanic origin,and time interval since last dental visit, according to selectedcharacteristics: United States, 1978-80 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Unadjusted and age-adjusted percent of persons with short-stay hospital episodes during the past year by race, His-panic origin, and selected characteristics: United States,1978-80 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Unadjusted and age-adjusted number of days in hospital peryear for persons with 1 or more hospitrd episodes by race,Hispanic origin, and selected characteristics: United States,1978-80 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Unadjusted and age-adjusted percent distribution of personshospitalized by race, Hk,panic origin, and number of dayshospitalized in the past 12 months, according to selectedcharacteristics United States, 1978–80 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Number of acute conditions per 100 persons per year byrace, Hispanic origin, and selected characteristics: UnitedStates, 1979-80 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

9. Unadjusted and age-adjusted number of acute conditionsper 100 persons per year by race, Hispanic cmigin,acute

19 condition group, age, and sex United States, 1379-80, ,, ,

10. Days of restricted activity per person per year by race,Hispanic origin, and selected characteristics: United States,

21 1978–80 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... ,,,

11. Days of bed disability per person per year by race, His-panic origin, and selected characteristics: United States,

231978-80 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...<...<

12. Days lost from work per currently employed person peryear by race, Hispanic origin, and selected chs.racteristics:United States, 1978-80 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

?Q-.13. Percent of persons with limitation of activity due to chronic

conditions by race, Hispanic origin, and selected character-istics: United States, 1978-80 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

3514. Percent of persons with limitation in major aciivity due to

chronic conditions by race, Hispanic origin, and selectedcharacteristics: United States, 1978-80 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

15. Population used in computing rates and percentages shownin this publication by race, Hispanic origin, t:nd selected

36 characteristics: United States, 1978-80 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

16. Currently employed population used in computing rates ofwork-loss days shown in this publication by’ race, His-panic origin, and selected characteristics: United Statesx

37 1978–80 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

17. Population used in computing acute condition :~atesshownin this publication by race, Hispanic origin, and selected

40 characteristics: United States, 1979-80 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

42

44

46

48

50

52

54

56

58

18

,Table 1. Number of phyeician visits per person per year by race, Hispanic origin, and selected characteristics: United States, 1978-80

[Data are based on household interviews of the civilian noninstitutionalized population. The survey design, general quali~cations, and information on the reliability of

the astimatas ars given in appandix 1. Definitiona of terms ara given in appandix 11]

Non-Hispanic Spacified Hispanic

Total All All Mexican Puerto Cuban OtherCharacteristic population races~ White Black Hispanic2 American Rican American Hispanic

SEX AND AGE

Both sexes

Allages3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Under 17 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17-44 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .45-64 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .65years andovar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Male

Allage a . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Under 17 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17-44 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .45-64 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .65 years and over . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Female

Alleges, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Under 17 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17-44 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .45-64 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .65yeara and over . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

FAMILY INCOME AND AGE

Under $l0,000

All ages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Under 17 years, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

17-44 years. . . +. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .45-64 years . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .65 years and over . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$10,000 or more

Alleges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Under 17 years, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

17-44 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .45-64 yeare . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .65years snd over . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

EDUCATION OF FAMILY HEAD AND AGE

Under 9 years

All agee . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Under 17 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17-44 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .45-64 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

65 years and over . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

9-11 years

Allagaa . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Under 17yaars . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

17-44 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .45-64 yesrs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .65yeara and over . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

12 yeara or more

Allege s . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Under 17 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17-44 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

46-64 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

65years andovar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

See footnotes and nota at end of table.

4.7

4.24.55.26.4

4.0

4.33.24.65.9

5.4

4.15.65.86.7

5.4

4.15.36.66.4

4.6

4.34.34.96.6

4.6

2.93.85.46.2

4.7

3.74.65.36.1

4.8

4.64.65.16.7

4.8

4.34.55.26.3

4.1

4.43.34.65.8

5.4

4.25.65.76.7

5.5

4.15.36.56.3

4.6

4.44.34.96.5

4.7

3.03.85.3

6.1

4.7

3.74.65.36.1

4,8

4.64.6

5.1

6.6

Number of physicisn visits per person per year

4.8

4.54.55.16.3

4.1

4.6

;:;5.7

5.5

4.45.65.66.6

“5.6

4.65.36.36.2

4.6

4.54.34.96.6

4.8

3.23.85.15.9

4.7

3.94.45.25.9

4.9

4.84.55.16.7

4.6

3.24.85.96.7

3.8

3.23.5

5.06.3

5.2

3.15.86.67.0

5.1

3.35.66.97.2

4.1

3.14.44.95.4

4.7

2.54.16.07.0

4.6

3.25.26.07.8

4.5

3.54.95.65.1

4.4

3.54.25.88.2

3.6

3.3

2.94.6

8.9

5.3

3.75.57.07.6

5.0

3.64.78.08.1

4.3

3.64.15.2

10.9

4.1

2.73.56.48.8

4.6

3.9

4.66.08.1

4.8

4.14.7

5.8

8,7

3.7

2,83.65.39.1

3.0

2.82.44.19.8

4.4

2.74.86.48.5

4.1

2.63.67.39.7

3.6

3.03.74,78.3

3,4

2.1

2.9

5.6

9.0

3.5

2.63.55.2

*1 8.4

4.3

3.64.54.7

‘7,3

6.0

5.85.77.1

*6.6

4.9

4.84.1

7.1

*6.9

7.0

6.87.17.1

*6.2

6.6

5.56.69.3

“8.0

5.4

6.64.85.4

*1.5

6,1

4.95.48.8

“9.9

7.2

6.87.7

“7.0*-

5.3

6.15.0

5.2

*1.5

6.2

3.95.66.0

10,8

5.1

4.14.13.9

11.3

7.1

3.76.97.4

10.6

6.7

*3.66.38.37.7

6.2

4.45.54.3

18.5

6.7

*4.25.18.5

8.9

5.3

*4.2

*4.8*7.2*4.4

6.1

3.55.9

5.1

14.1

4.8

3.94.67.16.2

3.7.

3.63.04,78.1

5.9

4.25.98.94.9

5.5

4.6

5.48.4

‘5.0

4.5

-3.54.26.8

*7.4

4.9

*2.64.86.18.4

5.1

5.44.2

*7.1*5.2

4.8

3.94.6

7,6

*4.2

19

Table 1. Numbar of physician visits per parson par year by race, Hispanic origin, and salected characteristics: Unitad States, 11978-80—Con,

[Data are based on household interviews of the civilisn noninstitutionslized population. The suwey design, general quslificstions, and information on the reliability ofthe estimates are given in appendix 1. Definitions of tarms are given in appendix 11]


Total All All Mexican Puerto Cuban Othar

Characteristic population races~ White Black’ Hispanicz Amarican Rican American Hispanic

PERCEIVED HEALTH STATUS AND AGE

Excallent or good Numbar of physician visits per parson par year

All agas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.9 4.0 4.0 3.5 3,5 2.9 4.7 5.0 4,0

Under 17 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.9 3.9 4.1 2.8 3,2 2.5 5.1 3.8 3.7

17-44 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.9 3.9

45-64 yaars . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.8 3.8

65 years and over ., . : . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.9 4.9

Fair or poor

Alleges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10.3 10.4

Under 17 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.7 12.217-44 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . 10.9 11.045-84 years. . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10.1 10.065years snd over . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.5 9.5

3.9 3.9 3.5 3.0 4.7 5.0 3,6

3.8 3.5 3.8 3.1 3.2 3.9 5.94.9 4.8 6.2 6.5 *4.3 9.2 4.9

0.6 9.3 10.1 9.3 10.9 ‘13,4 11,3

4.1 7.8 8.3 7.5 10.7 ‘78.0 *7.71.4 9.9 9.5 6.2 9.8 ‘11.6 13.70.2 9.7 11.2 10.7 13.4 ‘12,7 10,99.6 8.9 11.5 12.1 *1O.2 15.3 *8.6

llncludea other races and unknown if Hispanic origin.‘Includes unknown specified Hiapanic origin.

31ncludes unknown family income, unknown education of famiIyhead, andunknown perceived health status.

NOTE Theappropriate relative standard erroraofthe estimatea inthiatable araahown inappandix l, figures I-lV.

.

20

Table 2, Number ofphysicien visits perperson peryear for persons with 1 ormorevisits byrece, Hispenic origin, andselected characteristics:United States, 1978-80

[Data are based on household interviews of the civilian noninstitutionalized population. The survey design, general qualification, and information on the reliability of

the estimates are given in appendix 1. Definitions of terms are given in appendix 11]


Total All All Mexican Puarto Cuban OtherCharacteristic population races 1 White Black Hispanic2 American Rican American Hispanic

SEX AND AGE . “

Both sexes

Allages3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Under 17yaers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

17-44 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .45-64 yesrs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .65yaers andovar, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Male

Alleges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Under 17 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... . . .17-44 yeara. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .45-64 years, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .65 years and over, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Female

Ail agas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Under 17 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17-44 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .45-64 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .65 years and over . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .


Under $l0,000

Aliases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Under 17 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17-44 yaara . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .45-64 yeara . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...0..... . . . . .65 years and over . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$10,000 and over

Alleges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Under 17 years, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17-44 yaars. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .45-64 years.,..,,..,...,....,.. . . . . . . .65yeara and over . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .


Under 9 years

All sges ,,, ,., ,, ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Under 17 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17-44 yeara . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .45-64 years . . . . . . . . . . . . ... . . . . . . . . . . . . .65yaars and over, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

9-11 yaars

Alleges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Under 17 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17-44 yeara . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .45-64 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .65 years and over . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

12 years or more

Alleges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Under 17 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17-44 yasrs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .45-64 yaara . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .65years andovar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Sae footnotesand note at end of table.

6.4

5.66.17.18.1

5.8

5.75.06.77.8

6.9

5.56.97.58.3

7.3

5.67.19.08.2

6.1

5.75.96.68.3

6.7

4.75.9

:::

6.5

5.26.57.37.9

6.3

5.86.16.98.4

Number of physician visits per year for persons with 1 or more visits

6.4

5.66.17.08.1

5.8

5.85.06.67.7

6.8

5.56,97.48,3

7.3

5.67.18.88.1

6.1

5.75.86.68.1

6.7

4.75.97.47.9

6.5

5.26.57.37.8

6.3

5.96.16.88.3

6.4

5.86.17.08.0

5.9

5.95.06.67.6

6.9

5.76.97.38.2

7.4

6.07.08.77.9

6.2

5.85.96.68.2

6.7

4.95.87.27.7

6.4

5.46.27.17.6

6.4

6.06.16.88.4

6.3

4.6’6.57.88.7

5.7

4.75.57.28.6

6.7

4.47.18.38.7

7.0

4.87.49.09.3

5.5

4.35.86.56.8

6.8

4.16.38.18.9

6.6

4,77.38.2

10.2

5.8

4.76.27.36.8

6.5

5.26.48.6

10.3

5.7

4.95.17.5

11.7

7.2

5.57.39.49.4

7.2

5.27.1

11.510.0

6.2

5.26.07,5

13,0

6.7

4.56.2

1:::

6.8

5.86.88.7

10.3

6.5

5.46.58.2

10.5

6.0

4.55.98.2

11.8

5.4

4.64.77.3

13.9

6.5

4.56.78.9

10.3

6.5

4.45.9

11.612.4

5.6

4.75.87.0

10.2

5.9

3.95.38.5

11.7

5.7

4.35.58.5

*22.1

6.0

5.06.47.1

“9.0

7.8

7.47.69.5

*7.8

6.8

6.16.2

10.6*8.5

8.6

8.78.68.5

*7,3

8.3

6.66.8

11.9*1O.9

7.2

8.96.47.3

*1.9

8.3

6.57.8

11.9* 12.3

9.7

8.810.7*9.1

*-

6.5

7.36.36.8

“1.6

6.5

5.37.88.7

13.3

7.3

5.66.26.0

13.8

9.4

5.09.0

10.412.9

8.7

‘4.98.4

11.49.1

8.3

5,67.46.3

22.2

9.7

*6.5.8.3

12.710.3

7.3

●6.6*6.5*9.5*6.3

8.1

4.57.97.2

17.2

6.6

5.06.69.97.5

5.4

4.65.17.19.7

7.5

5.47.4

11.86.1

7.6

5.87.8

11.6*6.3

6.1

4.56.09.5

*8.4

7.2

*3.67.98.9

10.4

6.8

6.56.2

*9.5*6.3

6.4

4.96.3

10,5“5.0

21

Table 2. Number of physician viaits per person per year for persons with 1 or more visits by race, Hispanic origin, and selected characteristics:United States, 1978-80—Con.

[Data are based on household interviews of the civilian noninatitutionalized population. The survey design, ganaral qualification, and information on !he reliability of

tha estimates ere given in appendix 1. Definitions of terms ara given in appendix 11]


Total All All Mexican

Characteristic

Puerto Cut5an Otherpopulation races; White Black Hispanic2 American Rican American Hispanic


Excellent or good Number ofphysician visits peryearfor persons with 1 ormorevisk

All sges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.4

Under 17 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.2

17–44 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.4

45-64 years, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.565 years and over . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.5

Fair or poor

All ages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12.2

Under 17 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13.9

17-44 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13.045-64 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.9

65 years and over . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.1

5.4 5.5 4.9 5.4 4.8 6.4 7.0 5.6

5.2 5.4 4.1 4.7 4.1 6.6 4,9 4.75.4 5.4 5.3 5.4 5.0 6.5 7.1 5.35.4 5.5 5.1 6.1 5.5 4.7 6,0 8,86.5 6.5 6.6 8.3 9.5 *5.8 11.9 6.0

2.2 12.4 11.4 12.0 11.5 12.6 14.8 13.0

4.4 15.9 10.2 10.3 9.8 13.0 “18.0 *8.63.1 13.5 12.0 11.6 10.5 11.4 13.0 16.01.8 11.9 11.5 13.0 12.6 15.2 14.3 12.71.0 11.0 10.8 13.1 13.9 ‘10.2 16.7 “1O.O

I Includes other races and unknown if Hispanic origin.

21ncludea unknown specified Hispanic origin.

‘Includas unknown family income, unknown education of family head, and unknown perceivsd health status.

NOTE: The appropriate relative standard errors of tha estimates in this table are shown in appsndix L figures I-IV.

22

----

Table 3. Percent distribution of persons by race, Hispanic origin, and time interval since last physician visit, according to selected characteristics: United States, 1978-80

[Data are based on household interviewa of the civilian noninstitutionalized population. The sufvey design, general qualifications, and information on the reliability of the estimates are given in appendix 1. Definitions of

terms are given in appendix 11]

All persons Non-Hispanic Specified Hispenic

Time interval since last Time interval since last Time intewal since lastphysician visit physician visit , physician visit

.Under 6-11 1 year All Under 6-11 1 year All

CharacteristicUnder 6-1? 1 year

Tots/~ 82 6 months months or more races l‘3 6 months months or more Hispanic ~,2S4 6 months months or more

SEX AND AGE

Both sexes

AIlsges5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Under 17 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17–44 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .45-64 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .65years snd over . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Alleges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . .

Under 17 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17–44 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .45–64 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .65yesrs and over . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Female

Alleges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Under 17 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17–44 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .45-64 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . .65years snd over . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .


Under $10,000

Alleges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Under 17 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17–44 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .45–64yesrs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .65years snd over . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$10,000 or more

All agea . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Under 17 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17-44 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .45-64 yeers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .65yesrs and over, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

100.0

100.0100.0100.0100.0

100.0100.0100.0100.0100.0

100.0

100.0100.0100.0100.0

100.0100.0100.0100.0100.0

100.0

100.0100.0100.0100.0

5B.6

58.555.B59.069.1

53.1

5B.446.254.565.3

63.B

58.565.063.171.7

61 .B

58.’558.862.669.6

57.9

58.955.558.569.5

16.5

17.618.114.B10.6

17.3

17.919.215.211.1

15.8

17.317.114.510.3

14.0

15.516.511.810.0

17.7

18.418.B16.011.5

23.8

22.624.925.319.7

28.3

22.433.129.223.0

19.5

22.8’17.121.717.3

23.1

24.223.724.919.9

23.6

21.724.824.818.5

100.0

100.0100.0100.0100.0

100.0

100.0100.0100.0100.0

100.0

100.0100.0100,0100.0

100.0

100.0100.0100.0100.0

100.0

100.0100.0100.0100.0

Percent distribution

58.9

5B.956.159.169.0

53.4

58.946.554.765.2

64.0

58.965.263.071.6

62.3

59.059.562.769.4

56.1

59.355.758,669.4

16.6

17.B18.314.910.7

17.4

lB.119.415.311.1

15.9

17.617.214.610.4

14.0

15.716.612.010.0

17.8

18.6.18.916.111.5

23.5

22.124.525.119.8

28.0

21.B32.728.923.1

19,3

22.316.821.617.4

22.7

23.723.024.620.1

23.3

21.224.624.718.6

100.0100.0100.0100.0100.0

100.0

100.0100.0100.0100.0

100.0100.0100.0100.0100.0

100.0100.0100.0100.0100.0

100.0100.0100,0100.0100,0

54.6

54.252.157.172.5

48.2

53.741.549.06B.6

60.6

54.761.764.375.5

57.0

55.553.861.174.4

53.8

53.951.B56.673.2

14.8

14.816.012.6

9.2

15.4

15.316.413.9

9.7

14.2

14.3‘15.611.4

8.9

13.4

13.915.0

9.58.6

16.2

16.017.114.210.6

28.1

28.229.328.316.8

33.3

28.23B,234.620.4

23.3

28.321.222.714.0

27.0

27.028.627.915.8

2B,4

28.629,12B.215.2

Sae footnotes and note at end of table.

Nw

N*

Table 3. Percent distribution of persons by rsce, Hispenic origin, and time intervel since last physician visit, according to selected characteristics: United Ststes, 1978-80—Con.

[Data are baaed on household intarviewa of the civilian noninatitutionalized population. The survey design, general qualification, and information on the reliability of the estimatea are given in appendix 1, Definitions of


All persons Non-Hispanic Specified Hispanic

Tima interval since last Time interval since last Time interval since lastphysician visit physician visit physician visit

Under 6-11 1 year All UnderTota11~2 “

6–11 1 yearCharacteristic

All Under6 months

6–11 1 yearmonths or more racesq-3 6 months months or more Hispanic ~,24 6 months months or more


Under 9 years

Alleges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Under 17yesrs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17–44 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .45-64 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .65 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

9-11 yesrs

Alleges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Under 17 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17–44 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .45-64 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .65 years and over . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

12 years or more

All ages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Under 17 years ~.4 .,,.,, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17-44 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .45-64 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .65years arid over, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .


Excellent or good

Alleges .,....... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Under 17 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17-44 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .45-64 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .65 years and over . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fair or poor●

Alleges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

I Inda. 17 ,taa..,- . .--. !.,”--- . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

17-44 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .45-64 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .65 years and over . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

See footnotea and note at end of table.

100.0

100.0100.0100.0100.0

100.0

100.0100.0100.0100.0

100.0

100.0100.0100.0100.0

100.0

100.0100.0100.0100.0

100.04 tlfi, u“. o100.0100.0100.0

57.1

48.849.359.969.0

57.7

55.455.359.668.6

59.3

61.157.058.769.4

55.9

57.754.253.763.7

77.4

~~.~

73.877.981.1

13.1

15.015.5

2.40.0

5.3

6.66.73.80.2

7.7

8.48.86.01.5

28.0

33.632.526.720.4

25.8

26.726.625.820.7

22.2

19.523.524.518.5

17.6 25.4

18.0 23.018.8 26.016.6 28.812.1 23.5

9.3 12.6

~~.~ : 2..s11.5 13.7

8.7 12.87.3 11.2

100.0100.0100.0

00.000,0

00.0

00.000.000.000.0

00.0

00.000.000.000.0

100.0

100.0100.0100.0100.0

100.0; y.100.0100,0100.0


58.3 13.1

49.2 15.550.6 15.960.2 12.568.9 10.0

58.0 15.4

55.5 16.955.5 16,859.8 13.868.5 10.4

59.3 17.7

61.1 18.557.058.769.4

8.96.11.4

27.1

33,131.426.420.5

25.6

26.426,425.720.7

22.2

19.423.424.518.6

56.3 17.7 25.0

58.1 18,2 22.554.5 18.9 25.553.9 16.7 28.563.6 12.1 23.5

77.5 9.2 12.6

-,- . : ~.< . . .IU.1 14.174.2 11.4 13.577.8 8.7 12.980.9 7.4 11.3

100.0100.0100.0100.0100.0

100.0100.0100,0100.0100.0

~00.0

100.0100.0100.0100.0

100.0100.0100.0100.0100.0

100.0.a --1Uu.u

100.0100.0100.0

49.9 13.1 33.4

47.5 13.3 35.445.0 14.1 36.357.3 11.5 29.072.0 9.5 17.7

54,4 14.9 28.9

54.2 14.1 29.252.7 16.4 29.156,0 13.7 29.675.4 *4.6 *1 8.5

58,7 16,6 23.5

60,2 16,9 21.4

56.8 17,5 24.558.8 13,4 26.772,4 12.2 15.3

51.2 15.6 30.7

52.8 15.4 29.149.3 16.5 31.548.6 14.6 35.065.7 10.8 21.5

75.5 9.7 13.3

. . n ---l.l. v 7.7 1Q.u

70.2 12.9 15.280.4 7.5 11.(283.8 6.8 9.0

Table 3. Percent distribution of persons by race. Hispanic origin, and time interval since last physician visit, according to selected characteristics: United States, 1978–80—Con.

[Data are baaed on household interviews of the civilian noninatitutimralized population. The survey design, genersl qualifications, and information on the reliability of the estimates are given in appendix L Definitions of


-White non-Hispanic Black non-Hispanic Mexican American

i7me interval since last . Time intewalsince last Time interval since last

physician visit physician visit physician visit

Under 6-11 1 year Under 6-11 1 year Under 6-11 1 yearCharacteristic TotalJ,2 6 months months or more Total~ 2 6 months months or more Totall,2 6 months months or more

SEX AND AGE

Both sexes

Allages5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Under 17 years, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17–44 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .45-64 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .65 years and over . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Male

Alleges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Under 17 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17-44 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .45-64 years................,.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .65 years and over . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Female

Aliases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Under 17 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17-44 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .45-64 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .65 years and over . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .


Under $l0,000

Alleges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Under 17 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17-44 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .45-64 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .65years and over . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$10,000 or more

Alleges. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Under 17 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17-44 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .45-64 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .65years andovar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

See footnotes and note at end of table.

100.0

100.0100.0100.0100.0

100.0

100.0100.0100.0100.0

100.0

100.0100.0100.0100.0

100.0100.0100.0100.0100.0

100.0100.0100.0100.0100.0

59.1

59.956.058.668.8

53.8

60.046,754.665.1

64.0

59.864.962.471.4

62.8

60.959.361.669.1

56.2

60.055.658.469.5

16.7

18.018.515.110.9

17.5

18.319.415.511.3

16.1

17.817.614.810.6

13.9

15.916.812.110.3

17.8

18.519.016.111.6

23.3

21.024.725.419.7

27.8

20.632.829.023.0

19.1

21.316.922.117.5

22.5

21.723.325.720.2

23.3

20.624.724.818.5

100.0

100.0100.0100.0100.0

100.0100.0100.0100.0100.0

100.0

100.0100.0100.0100.0

100.0

100.0100.0100.0100.0

100.0

100.0100.0100.0100.0


58.7

53.958.463.771.1

51.9

52.945.957.466.0

64.6

54.968.369.074.8

61.2

55.660.667.572.7

57.8

53.158.762.370.5

15.7

17.017.113.2

8.4

17.0

17.419.513.6

9.2

14.6

16.615.212.9

7.8

14.2

15.316.211.6

7.6

18.0

19.718.315.1

9.7

23.8

27.222.521.719.4

28.9

27.931.527.123.5

19.3

26.415.317.116.4

23.2

27.421.719.918.8

22.9

25.621.621.619.5

100.0100.0100.0100.0100.0

100.0100.0100.0100.0100.0

100.0

100.0100.0100.0100.0

100.0

100.0100.0100.0100.0

100.0

100.0100.0100.0100.0

49.8

47.948.653.570.5

43.6

47.838.345.365.1

55.9

47.958.661.475.2

50.9

47.649.056.971.3

50.2

48.949.453.575.4

14.3

14.515.112.6

8.1

14.4

14.715.112.9*7.9

14.2

14.315.212.3*8.3

13.0

12.814.8

9.17.9

15.4

16.015.514.7*6,2

33.1

34,633,232,019,9

38.4

34.242.339.425.4

27.8

34.924.524.815.2

32.6

35.132.432.719.1

32.6

33.633.030.4

“18.5

BTable 3. Percent distribution of persons by race, Hiepanic origin, and time interval since last physician visit, according to selacted characteristics: United States, 1978-80—Con.

[Data are based on household interviawa of the civilian noninatitutionalized population. The survey design, general qualifications, and information on the reliability of the estimates are gi~en in appendix 1. Definitions of


White non-Hispanic Black non-Hispanic Mexican American

Time interval since last Time interval since last 77me interval since lastphysician visit physician visit physician visit

Under 6-11 1 yearCharacteristic

Under 6-11 1 year Under 6-11 1 yearTotal~ S2 6 months months or more TotalJ~2 6 months months or mora Total~ 2 6 months months or more


Under 9 years

Alleges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Under 17 years . ., . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17-44 years, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .45-64 yesrs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .65 years and over . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

9-11 years

Alleges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Under 17 yeara . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17-44 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. >,!.,.. . .45-64 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ,.65 years and over,,.....,..,,.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

12 years or more

Alleges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. !.,..,! ,,, ,., !

Undar 17 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...!...,. . . . . . . . . . . . ,.17-44 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ., !,,.... . . . . . . . . . .,45–64 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...\ . . . . . . . ...! . . . . .65 years and over !....!...!, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

.


Excellent or good

Alleges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Under 17 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17–44 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .45-64 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .65years andovar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fair or poor

All ages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Under 17 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17-44 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .45-64 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .65 years andover . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .


100.0100.0100.0100.0100.0

100.0100.0100.0100.0100.0

100.0

100.0100.0100.0100.0

100.0

100.0100.0100.0100.0

100.0100.0100.0100.0100.0

56.6

50.250.059.268.3

58.2

56.055,259.268.3

59.4

61,956.758.569.5

56.6

59.254.554.063.6

78.1

79.974.777.681.2

13.2

16.016.212.510.3

15.5

17.417.013.910.6

17,7

18.418.916.211.5

17.8

18.419.016.712.3

9.1

9.711.2

8.87.5

27,0

31,832,027.520.8

25.5

25,426,826,220,7

22,2

18,923,724,618,4

24,8

21.425.628.523.4

12.3

9,213.513.111.0

100.0100.0100.0100.0100.0

100,0100.0100.0100.0100.0

100,0100,0100.0100,0100,0

100.0100.0100.0100.0100.0

100.0

100.0100.0100.0100.0


57.9

47,552,664.372,9

57.4’

54.156.963,671.1

59,7

56.460.963.265.9

54.9

53.055.754.363.7

75.5

66.373.279.2

79.6

12.9

14.814,712.5

7.7

15.1

15.6

16.512.2

8.1

17,9

19,018.214,811.6

17.1

17,418.216,1

9.8

9.7

12.411.6

8.46,7

27.2

35.329,322.118,3

25.7

28,824.422.719.6

20.9

22.819.420.721.7

26.1

27.824.127.825,0

13.6

19.513.511.812.9

100.0100.0100,0100.0100.0

100.0

100.0100.0100.0100.0

100,0

100.0100,0100.0100,0

100.0100.0100.0100.0100.0

100.0

-100.01Uu.u100.0100.0

46.1

42.342.355.370.4

49.0

47.349.348.683.3

55.2

55.455.152.767.6

46.4

46.646.244.159.0

72.2

69.7~G.i

77.682.7

12.7

12.713.712.0

7.8

15.0

14.616.313.0

*-

16.5

17.116.5

14.5*13.5

14.9

14.915.313.910.4

10.3

*8.61~.a

8.9*5.5

37,2

40.739,230.520.4

33,9

35.732.137.0

*1 6.7

27.0

25.927.132,3

*21 .6

35.7

35.535.339.827.1

16.4

19.7i 8.712.711.8

Table 3. Percent distribution of persons by race, Hispanic origin, and time interval since last physician vkit, according to selected characteristics: United States, 1978-80—Con.

[Data are baaed on household interviews of the civilian rmninatituticmalized population. The survey design, general qualification, and information on the reliability of the estimates are given in appandix 1. Definitions ofterms are given in appendix 11]

Puerto Rican Cuban American Other Hispanic

Time interval since last 7Yme interval since last Time interval since lastphysician visit physician visit physician visit

Under 6-11 1 year UnderCharacteristic Total!.2

6-116 months

1 year Undermonths

6-11or more Total~,2 6months

1 yearmonths or more Total~z 6 months months or more

SEX AND AGE

Both sexes

Allagess . . . . . . . . ........, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Under 17years . . . . . ..o . . . .. co. . . . . . . . . ..O.17-44 years.....,..,..

. . . . . . .

45-64 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...!... . . . . .65 years And over . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Male

All ages, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Under 17years, . . . . . .. o....... . . . . . . . . . . . . .17-44 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .45-64 years.................:.. -. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .65 years And over . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Female

Allages . . . . . . . . . . . ..o. .. o...... . . . . . . . ..O. . . . . . . .

Under 17 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17-44 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .45-64 yeara . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .65 years and over

. . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .


Under $10,000

All agea . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...!. .

Under 17 yeara . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17-44 yaars . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ““””. . . . . . . . .45-64 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . .65 years and over . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . +<...,..........,..

. . . . . .

$10,000 or more

Alleges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Undar 17 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17-44 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..a. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .45-64 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .65 years and over . . . . . . . . . . . . . .,..W....,0,4,..0,4.


100.0

100.0100,0100.0100.0

100.0

100.0100.0100.0100.0

100.0

100.0100.0100.0100.0

100.0100.0100.0100.0100.0

100.0

100.0100.0100.0100.0

63.4

66.960.763.571.9

55.8

65.049.951.961.5

70.5

68.870.174.478.1

68.3

71.064.471.677.5

58.0

62.155.958.1

*63.6

14.5

12.916.112.4

*12.3

16.5

14.418.015.8

*1 5.4

12.6

11.714.5‘9.0*9.4

12.5

13.513.5*6.3

*1O.O

17.4

12.520.417.1

*1 8.2

20.4

18.021.422.9

*1 5.8

25.8

19.429.230.8

*19.2

15.3

16.614.615.8

*1 2.5

17.5

13.020.622.1

*1 2.5

23.4

24.122.724.8

*1 8.2

100.0

100.0100.0100.0100.0

100.0100.0100.0100.0100.0

100.0100.0100.0100.0100.0

100.0100.0100.0100.0100.0

100.0100.0100.0100.0100.0

61.5

59.1.58.4

58.476.6

55.1

53.851.852.072.7

66.3

63.763.862.879.2

65.1

52.861.260.679.0

60.3

63.258.255.675.0

13,8

15.216.312.5

7.6

15.5

18.916.714.4

“10.4

12.4

12.115.711.7*6.7

13,7

19.416.5

*12,1*8.4

15.5

15.418.014.2*6.7

23,3

23.924.327.214.2

27.4

24.530.232.0

*1 5.6

20.3

23.419.423,913.3

20.5

26.422.323.211.8

23.6

20.623.130.2

*1 6.7

100.0100.0100.0100.0100.0

100.0100.0100.0100.0100.0

100.0100.0100.0100.0100,0

100.0

100.0100.0100.0100.0

100.0100.0100.0100.0100,0

57.9

61.653.061.671.5

51.4

62.241.453.773.2

63,6

61.062.967.971.6

59.4

63.453.165,973.6

57.5

60.753.361.869.6

16.5

17.517.911.312.5

17.2

17.418.713.2

*1 2.5

15.8

17.517.210.3

*12.5

15.2

17.416.6*8.1*8.3

17.4

17.819.012.0

*1 7.9

23.9

19.427.125.015.3

28.9

18.337.030.5

*1 4.3

19.5

20.518.920.515.9

24.5

18.528,925.2

*1 6.7

23.4

20.025.925.5

*1O.7

.Mco

.

I

Table 3. percent distribution of persons by race, Hispanic origin, and time interval since last physician visit, according to selected characteristics: United States, 1978-80—COn.

[Data are based on housshold interviews of the civilian’noninatitutionalized population. The survey design, general qualifications, and information on the reliability of the estimates are given in appendix 1. Definitions of

terms are given in appendix 11]s


Time interval since last Time interval since last Time intewal since last

physician visit physician visit physician visit

Under 6-11 1 year Under 6–11 1 year Under 6-11 1 year

Characteristic Totall,2 6 months months or more Total~,2 6 months months or more Totall,2 6 months months or more


Under 9 years

Alleges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. s . . . . . . . ...”

Under 17 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ......o........c...17-44 years . . . . . . . . . . ..+...... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..s.45-64 yesrs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .65 years and Over . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

9-11 yesra

Alleges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .,..,,....,...,.”.

Under 17 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17-44 years .. #. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ,.,.,....u.v.,u,..45-64 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .....00.,.o..o....65 years and over . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..$ ......... ,C....

12 yeara or more

Alleges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Under 17 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17-44 yeara. ,, . . ..q . . . . .. q.. . . . . ...!.. . . . . . ...! . .45-64 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .65yeara andcwer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...! . . . . . . . . . . ..s.


Excellent or good

Alleges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Under 17 years ... ...,. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17-44 yeara . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .45-64 yeara . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..s. .s65years and over . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fair or poor

All ages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Under 17 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17-44 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . .AC CA ..--.--r.l-u-rycos a. .,,...... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

65 years and over . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

100.0100.0100.0100.0100.0

100.0100.0100,0100.0100.0

100.0100.0100.0100,0100.0

100.0’100,0100.0100.0100.0

100.0100.0100.0?Coo100.0

60.2

62.354.565.075.0

61.9

67.859,156.4

‘50.0

66.8

71.764.965.5

“75.0

v

59.9

65.257.453.362.9

77.2

79.573.080.486.4

14.2

15.016.1*9.2*8.3

13.9

10.215.5

*20.5*33.3

15.2

13.616,6

*11.9*1 6,7

15.7

14.116.715.8

*17.1

10.0

*4.114.0*7 ‘). .-

*4.5

22.8

20.225.124.2

*1 6.7

22.9

19.825.0

*23.1*1 6.7

17.0

14.1

17.621.4

816.7

22.7

18.824.230.3

“20.0

11.5

“13.711.5

*Jj.s

*4.5

100.0

100.0100.0100.0100.0

100.0

100.0100.0100.0100.0

100.0100.0100.0100.0100.0

100.0

100.0100.0100.0100.0

100.0100.0100.0~QrJQ.

100.0


60.6

61.151.056.877.9

58.7

*42.959.663.270.0

62.1

62.260.358,379.2 ~

56.5

59.254.948.472.0

85.6

*83.381.5%7.587.3

11,9

*7.415.0

*11.1*11.8

14.7

“14.3*17.5*1 5.8

“5.0

15.0

17.517.013.1*5.2

15.7

15.618.015.6*8.8

*5,1

*1 6.7

*5.6*4 2

*4.8

25.8

27.833.029.6*8.8

26.6

“46.4*1 9,3“21 .1*25.O

21.7

18.221.827.4

*1 5.6

26.8

24.826.633.818.4

8.2

*-

*11.1*6.Q*6.3

100.0

100.0100.0100.0100.0

100.0100.0100.0100.0100.0

100,0100.0100.0100.0100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0100.0100.0

100.0100.0100.0199.0100.0

55.1

59.547.658.072.4

61.1

64.754.070.682.4

58,1

61.654.361.967.7

55.1

60.250.855.867.7

79.3

65.773.182,8

81.4

12.8

13.513.4

*11.6*10.3

14.7

16.8

15.5*5.9

*-

18.1

18.419.412.7

*1 8.5

17.4

18.118.413.1

*12.1

9.7

*6.113.4“4.3*14.0

29.5

25.735.029.5*15.5

22.7

16.527.6

*23.5*17.6

22.4

18,225.123.4

“13.8

25.7

20.028.929.319.2

9.7

*1O.2

11.2“9.7*4.7

lFigures maynotaddto 100.O because of roundtng. 51ncludes unknown family income. unknown educstion of family head, and unknown perceived health statua.z[nclude~ unknown imerval since last physician viait-

31ncludes other races and unknown if Hisrmnic origin.NOTE The appropriate relative standard errors of the estimates in this table are shown in appandix 1,figures Xl and X11.

41ncludes unknown specified Hispanic or~gin.

.

Table4. Percant distribution ofpersons by race, Hispanic origin, andtime internal since last dental visit, according toselected characteristics: United States, 1978-80

[Data are based on household intewiews of the civilian noninatitutionalized population. The survey design, general qualifications, and information on the reliability of the estimates are given in appendix 1. Definitions of


All persons -Non-Hispanic Specified Hispanic

Tima interval since last dental visit Time intetial since last dantal visit “ Time intewal sinca last dental visit

Undar I-4 5 yearsCharacteristic

All UnderTotal~ .2’

1-4 5 years1 year years

All Underor more Never racas 1‘3 1 year

1-4 5 yearsyears or more Never HispanicJ .2,4 1 year yaars or more Never

SEX AND AGE

Both sexes

All ages 4 years and Overs . . . . . . . . . .

4-16 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17-44 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .45-64 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .65 years and over . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Msle

Allages 4 years And over..... . . . . . .

4-16 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

~7-44years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .45-64 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .65 years and Over . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Female

Allages 4years And over . . . . . . . . . . .

4-16 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

17-44 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .45-64 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .65 years and over . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

FAMILY INCOME’ AND AGE

Under $10,000

Allages 4 years And over . . . . . . . . . . .

4-16 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17-44 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .45-64 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .65 years and over . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$10,000 or more

Allages 4 years And over..... . . . . . .

4-16 yeara . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17-44 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

.45-64 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...3. . .65 years and over . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .


100.0100.0100.0100.0100.0

100.0100.0100.0100.0100.0

100.0100.0100,0100.0100.0

100.0100.0100.0100.0100.0

100.0100.0100.0100.0100.0

52.6

62.454.449.132.6

50.B

61.251.147.831.3

54,2

63.557.650.233.6

38.3

47.645.131.924.7

59.0

67.758.055.046.0

27.7

21.532.627.221.8

28.6

22.433.627.822.2

26.9

20.731.726.621.6

30.6

27.937.230.222.6

26.7

19.531.226.220,6

14.4

2.09.5

21.943.8

14.7

2.211.222.144.6

14.2

1.88.0

21.643.2

24.5

3.312.935.751.2

10.1

1.68.4

17.431.9

4.0

12.91.90.70.6

4.4

13.12.30:80.8

3.6

12.71.50.50.5

5.7

20.23.61.30.7

3.1

10.21.20.40.4

100.0100.0100.0100.0100.0

100.0100.0100.0100.0100.0

100;0100.0100.0100.0100.0

100.0100.0100.0100.0100.0

100.0

100.0100.0100,0100.0


53.4

63.855.649.632.8

51.7

62.652.348.331.3

54.9

65.058.750.733.8

38,6

48.646.632.024.B

59.8

68.958.9!55.446.2

27.4

21.232.326.821.7

28.3

22,033.427.522.1

26.5

20.331.226.221.4

30.4

28.337.130.022.3

26.3

19.130.925.920.4

14.6

2.09.3

21.944.0

14.7

2.210.922.244.9

14.4

1.87.8

21.843.4

25.4

.3.412.636.551.6

10.1

1.68.2

17.431.9

3.4

11.91.40.50,5

3.8

12.01.70.60.6

3.0

11.71.10.40.4

4.7

18.82.50.80.6

2.7

9.40.90.30.3

100.0

100.0100.0100.0100.0

100.0100.0100.0100.0100.0

100.0100.0100.0100.0100.0

100.0

100.0100.0100.0100.0

100.0

100.0100.0100.0100.0

40.4

45.539.638.827.5

37.9

44.835.136,829.6

42.7

46.343.640.526.1

34.6

41.333.731..622.2

45.1

49.843.244.936.9

32.7

25.736.733.927.4

32,4

26.136.533.125.8

32,9

25.436.934.528.7

33.1

25.638.134.029.2

32.7

25.836.533.526.3

12.4

2.112.820.137,6

13.2

1.915.121.135.5

11.7

2.310.819.239.2

15,1

2.614.926.2”40.9

10.4

1.811.916.431.3

12.3

25.38.54.54.7

13.8

25.510.3

5.66.3

11.0

25.16.93.63.5

15.6

29.011.7

7.05.5

10.2

21.86.43.5

*3.5

U

oTable 4. Percent distribution of persons by race, Hispanic origin, and time interval since last dental visit, according to selected characteristics: United States, 1978-80—Con.

[Data are baaed on houashold interviewa of the civilian noninatitutionalized population. The survey design, general qualification, and information on the reliability of the estimataa are given in appendix 1.Definitiona ofterms are given in appendix 11]

All persons Non-Hispanic Specified Hispanic

Time interval since last dental visit 77me interval since last dental visit 7ime interval since last dental visit

Under 1-4 5 years All Under r-4

Characteristic5 years All Under 1-4 5 years

Totall,2 1 year years or more Never racesl’3 1 year years or more Never Hispanic~,z,h 1 year years or more Never

EDUCATION OF FAMILY HEAD

AND AGE

Under 9 yesrs

Allages 4yeara And over . . . . . . . . . . .

4-16 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

17-44 years . . . . . . . . . . . ... . . . . . . . .45-64 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

65yesra snd over . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

9-11 yeara

Allsges 4 years And over . . . . . . . . . . .

4-16 yaars. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17-44 yeers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

45-64 years . .,, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .65 years and over..,......,.,.. . . .

● 12 years or more

Allages 4 years and over . . . . . . . . . . .

4-16 yesrs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

17-44 years . . . . . . . . . .,, ,, ..,. . . . .45-64 years ,, .>....... . . . . . . . . . . ..65 years and over . ., .,..!... . . . . . .

PERCEIVED HEALTH STATUSAND AGE

Excellent or good

AHages4 years And over . . . . . . . . . . .

4-16 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17-44 yesrs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .45-64 yeara . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

65years and over . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fair or poor

Allages 4yesrs And over . . . . . . . . . . .

4-ii3 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

17-44 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .45-64 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

65 years and over . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .


i 00.0

100.0

100.0100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0100.0100.0

100.0

100,0

100.0100.0100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0100,0100,0

100.0

; Go. ~

100.0100.0100.0

30.4

40.534.529.620.3

42.4

51.442.938.329.7

60.9

69,759,559,446.7

55.1

62,955.552.736.8

36.3

~~J

44.036.323.8

29,3

28.736,4

30.321.8

31.6

26.7

37.630.522,8

26,5

18.9

31,225.1

21.5

27,5

21.3

32.3

26.421.5

29.5

~~<-J

36.230.0

22.6

31.1 7.6

4.2 25.3

18.4 8.3

37.3 1.855.9 1.1

19.2

3.0

15.029.646.2

8,9

1,3

7.314.1

30,5

12.1

2.0

9.019.140.3

30.0

3.115.331.7

51.5

5.5

17.72.60.5

“0.3

2.6

9.1

0.8

0.30.2

4.2

12.7

1.80.6

0.5

2.7

:7.3

2.60.9

0.9

100.0

100.0100.0100.0100.0

100.0

100.0100.0100.0100.0

100.0

100.0100.0100.0

, 100.0

100.0

100.0100.0100.0100.0

100.0.e.tmm, ““.”

100.0100.0

100.0


30.6

42.236.5

29.6

20.3

42.5

51.843,538.3

29.7

61.4

70.360.1

59.746.9

56.0

64.4

56.653.337.0

362

c’1 9<t. ”44.6

36.123.7

28.9

29.136.9

29.921.5

31.3

26.8

37.330.222.8

26,2

18.630.9

24.921,3

27.1

21.0

32.026,0

21,3

29.2

.2$.2

36.029.8

22.4

33,5

4.719.0

36.456.5

19.7

3.015.130.0

46.2

8.9

1.37,1

14.1

30.5

12.1

1.9

8.719.140.4

30.9

~.?

15.4

32.2

52.0

5.7

22.8

5.4

1.20.9

5.2

17.1

2.40.4

“0.3

2.4

8.70,7

0.20.2

3.5

11.6

1.3

0.40.4

2.3

15,s

2.2

0.7

0.7

100.0

100.0100.0100.0100.0

100.0100.0100.0100.0100.0

100.0100,0100,0100.0100.0

100,0

100.0100.0100.0100.0

100.0*nnn. ““. -

100.0100.0

1Qo.o

29.5

34.527.5

29.920.8

40.4

47.2

37.236.729.2

50.5

56.048.6

50.938.3

.

41.0

45.5

39.6

39.429.9

37.7

zl~.?

39.138.424.5

31.8

27.034.8

33.929.0

35.5

26.2

41.337.024.6

32.5

24.2

36.632.4

29.1

32.7

25.7

36.7

34.527.9

33.5

9P. K-- .-,38.032.7

27.3

15.9

2.5

16.126.4

40.6

12.4

2.5

14.720.143.1

9.0

1.5

10.1

13.029.6

11.3

2.1

12.718.9

35.8

16.9

*~.A

13.9

23.3

39.9

20.5

34.318.7

8.1

7.1

10.5

23.2

5.3*2.8 ‘

*1.5

6.5

17.43.0

*1.8‘2.0

13.3

25.5

8.94.94.2

7.3

~~.g

5.73.6

5.8

Table 4. Percent distribution of persons by rece, Hispanic origin, and time interval since last dental viait, according to selacted characteristics: United States, 1978–80—Con.

[Data’ are based on household interuiaws of tha civilian noninatitutionalized population. The survey design, general qualifications, and information on tha reliability of the estimates are given in appendix 1. Definitions of

terms are givan in appandix 11]


Time interval since last dantal visit Time intewalsince lastdental visit . Time interval sinca last dental visit

Under 1-4 5 yearsCharacteristic

Under 1–4Total~.2 1 yaar

5 yaarsyears

UnderNever

1–4 5 yearsor more Tota17.2 1 year yaars or more Never Total~ -z 1 year yaars or more Naver

SEX AND AGE

Both sexes

Allages 4yaarsand over5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

4-16 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17-44 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... .O <..

45-64 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .fM years and over, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Male

All ages 4 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

4-16 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17-44 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. 45-64 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .65 years And over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Female

Allages 4 years And over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

4-16 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17–44 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. O..45-64 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .65years answer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..O.


Under $10,000

Allages 4 years And over . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

4-16 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17–44 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .45-64 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .65 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$10,000 or more

Allages 4yaars And over, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

4-16 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . #17-44 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .45-64 years , . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .65 years and over . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

See footnotes and note at and of table.

100.0100.0100.0100.0100.0

100.0100.0100.0

100.0

100.0100.0100.0100.0100.0

100.0

100.0100.0100.0100.0

100.0100.0100.0100.0100.0

55.8

68.058,151.834.4

54.0

66.554.650.332.9

57.5

69.561.653.235.4

40.1

53.349.633.825,9

61.4

71.360.656.847.3

26.2

19.531.125.521.3

27.3

20.532.626.421.5

25,1

18.429.624.721.1

28.9

26.535.927.822,0

25.4

17.9

29.925,020.1

14.4

1.78.8

21.343.1

14.6

1.910.421,644.3

14.2

1.67.2

20.942,3

27.1

3.312.037.151.2

9.9

1.47.9

17.131.2

2.5

9.70.80.30.3

2.8

10.01.00.40.4

2.2

9.30.50.20.2

3.1

16.01.40.60.3

2.3

8.40.60.20.3

100.0

100.0100.0100.0100.0

100.0100.0100.0100.0100.0

100.0

100.0100.0100.0100.0

100.0

100.0100.0100.0100.0

100.0

100.0100,0100.0100.0


36.9

43.539.229.617.5

35.7

43.335,929.817.1

37.9

43.741.929.517.8

33.7

41.137.425.016.5

42.2

47.242.735.725.3

35.4

29.740.437.725.1

35.1

30.239.537.126.7

35.8

29.241.138.224.0

35.5

31.441.038.425.1

36.5

29.340.838.0“25.0

16.5

3.213.1.29.153.4

16.7

3.415.42B.651.6

16.4

3.111.429.654.7

19.8

3.614,934.054.8

12.4

3.111.523.647.4

9.2

22.34.81.72.1

10.2

21.B6.12.32.1

8.3

22.73.71.22.2

9.B

23.05.41.62.1

7.5

19.43.31.4

*lto

100.0

100.0100.0100.0100.0

100.0100.0100.0100.0100.0

100.0

100.0100.0100.0100.0

100.0

100.0100.0100.0100.0

100.0

100.0100.0100.0100.0

34.5

39.033.134.023,2

32.0

38.228.931.727.8

37.0

39.637.236.220.0

27.5

31.826.824.920.2

39.9

44.837.440.532.3

33.0

27.036.634.325.8

32.5

27.536.033.022.2

33.6

26.637.235.829.0

33.0

27.836.932.029.2

33.8

27.037.236.1

“20.0

-13.3

2.215.421.639.1

14.4

1,917.823.035.7

12.3

2.513.120.342.1

16.0

2.917.029.338.B

11.4

1.814.416.341.5

17.4

30.713.1

7.910.3

18.8

30.714.9

9.212.7

16.1

30.711.3

6.6*8.3

22.1

36.417.912.510.7

13.5

25.69.45.5

*6.2

cdN

Table 4. Percent distribution of persons by race, Hispanic origin, and time interval since last dental visit, according to salacted characteristics: United Statas, 1978-80—Ccmt

[Data are baaad on household interviews of the civilian noninstitutiorralized population. The aurvay design, general qualifications, and information on the reliability of the estimates are given in appandix 1. Definitions of

terms ars given in appendix 11]*


Time interval since last dental visit Time interval since last dental visit Time interval since last dental visit

Under 1-4 5 years Under 1-4 5 years Under 1-4Characteristic Total~,2 1 year Never

5 yearsyears or more Tota17~2 f year years or more Never Total~,2 1 year years or more Never


Under 9 yaars

Allages 4yearsand ovar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

4-16years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17-44 yaars . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .45-64 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .65 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

9-11 years


4-16 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17-44 years................,,,. . . . . . . .45–64 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .65years andovar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

12 years or more


4-16 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17-44 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .45-64 years . . . . . . . . . . . . .,, ,, ...,, .,, ,.65 years and over . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .


Excellent or good


4-16 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17-44 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .45-64 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .65 years and over . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fair or poor

Allages 4yearsand ovar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

4-16 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17-44 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .45-64 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .65 years and over . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

See footnotes and note st end of table.

100.0100.0100.0100.0100.0

100.0

100.0100.0100.0100.0

100.0100.0100.0100.0100.0

100.0100.0100.0100.0100.0

100.0

100.0100.0100.0100.0

32.0

47.139.431.021.2

44.1

!35.745.639.630.6

63.1

73.161.961.147.8

58.3

68.459.055.238.4

37.8

57.047.538.125.0

27.7

29.436.428.120.8

30.0

25.335.929.122.7

25.1

17,129.923.921.0

26.0

19.230.825.021.0

27.6

25.434.527.821.8

35,5

4.719.139,456,8

20.8

2.815.430,045.6

8.7

1.16,8

13,830.0

12,0

1.78,3

18.439,5

31.8

2.715.232.751.6

3.7

17.73.20.80.5

3.9

15.01.50.3

‘0.2

1.9

7.60.40.1

*0. I

2.6

9.60.70.20.3

1.4

12.31.20.50.4

100.0100.0100.0100.0100.0

100.0100.0100.0100.0100.0

100.0100.0100.0100.0100.0

100.0

100.0100.0100.0100.0

100.0

100.0300.01mu100.0

Percant distribution

25.4

31.828.623.815.3

35.6

41.735.728.519.6

44.7

50.244.437.626.7

39.0

44.040.031.418.9

29.0

37.735.526.816,3

33.2

28.938.736.925.6

36.5

30.842.037.823.3

36.7

29,940.539,326.4

35,4

29.940.337.024.6

35.8

28.740.73%125.8

27.3

5.119.235.455.1

15.2

3.614.230.753.3

10.4

2,210.720.243.9

13.8

3.212.528.052.5

27.7

4.316.63i.1

54.5

12,1

32,810.1

2.62.7

10.4

22,75.1

“1.0‘1.5

6.6

16,52,6

*loo“0.3

10.0

21.84.81.72.1

5.7

27.04.9; J

2.1

100.0100.0100,0100,0100.0

100,0

100.0100.0100.0100.0

100.0100.0100.0100.0100.0

100,0

100,0100.0100.0100,0

100.0

100.0100.0: ~wi~

100.0

25.9

29.123,827.522.3

37,6

45.032.940.4

*22,2

45.4

50.343.247.3

*32,4

34.7

38.733,033.425.0

33.5

42.633.6. . c.I<.421.3

31.3

27.633.634.025.7

35.2

26.839.937.0

*27.8

34.7

26.838.734.1

“27,0

32.9

26.836.434.927.1

34.2

31.538.822.324.4

15.9

2.917.426.138.3

13.1

‘2.018,016.4

*44.4

9.7

*1.312,114.140.5

12.2

2.115,320.636.1

20.7

*3,716.5~< .2

42.5

24.9

38.822.910.712,1

13,1

25,77.9

*4.8*5,6

9,1

21,54,7

*2.7*2,7

18.6

31.313.5

8.410.4

10.0

21.39.2~.~

“1O.2

Table 4. Percent distribution of persona by race, Hispanic origin, and time interval since last dental visit, according to selected characteristics: United States, 19i’8-80-Con.

.

C.Jw

[Data are based on household interviews of the civilian noninstitutionalized population. The survey design, general qualifications, and information on the reliability of the astimates are given in appendix 1. Definitions of

terms are given in appandix 11]


Time interval since last dental visit Time interval since last dental visit Time interval since last dental visit

Under 1-4 5 yearsCharacteristic

Under 7-4TotalJ,2 1 year

5 yearsyears

Under 1-4Never

5 yearsor more Total~,2 1 year years or more Never Total~ *2 1 year years or more Never

SEX AND AGE

Both sexes

Allages 4yearsand oven . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

4-16 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17-44 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .45-64 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .65years andcwer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..$.

Male

All”ages 4 years And over . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

4-16 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17-44 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...+ . . . . . . . .45-64 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

65 years and over . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Female

Allages 4 years Andover....,.. . . . . . . . . . .

4-16 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17-44 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .45-64 years, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .65 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .


Under $l0,000


4-16 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

17-44 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .45-64 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

65years andotier . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..$.

$10,000 or more


“4-16 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

17-44 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

45-64 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .65 years and over . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

See footnotea and note at end of table.

100.0100.0100.0100.0100.0

100.0100.0100.0100.0100.0

100.0100.0100.0100.0100.0

100.0100.0100.0100,0100.0

100.0100.0100.0100.0100.0

45.6

53.8’44.141.4

*1 9.3

42.9

54.339.0

37.6*23.1

48.2

53,648.6

45.1*1 8.8

45.1

53.843.341,1

“1 5.0

46.9

53.245.743.4

*27.3

32.9

26.236.9

30.533.3

31.9

25.2

36.728.6

*26.9

33.7

26.837.0

31.6*34.4

33.1

24.938,331.6

35.0

32.1

26.935.329.5

*27.3

11.7

*1.412.0

22.943.9

13.4

*1.614.7

27.1*38.5

10.2

*1.7

9.618.846.9

11.7

*1.511.7

25.347.5

12.5

*1.1

13.523.3

*36.4

6.9

17.2

3.6

*1.5“1.8

8.6

17.7

5.8*2.3

*3.8

5.3

16.6*1.7

“0.8*-

7.9

17.64.1

“1.1*2.5

6.3

17.7

“3.0

*1.6*-

100.0100.0100,0

“ 100.0100.0

100.0100.0100.0100.0100.0

100.0100.0100.0100.0100.0

100.0100.0100.0100.0100.0

100.0100.0100.0100.0100.0


45,5

56.851,0

41.027.9

42.4

44.7

49.537.627.3

48.0

67.752,2

43.328.3

33.2

48.237.235.4

20.2

54.2

63.658.245.7

41.7

33.2

24,9

36.735.728.9

35.4

28.238,337.6

31.2

31.6

21.2

35.434.4

27.5

37.8

32.147.139.4

29.4

32.3

23.634.0

35.231.7

15.4

‘1.68.4

20.3

38.1

15.7

*2.4

9.022.437.7

15.1

*1.07.8

18.3

38.3

23.6

*1.813.222.245.4

9.1

*-

5.8

16.7*21 .7

3.1

16.2

“0.8“0.7

*1.O

4,3

22.4

?0.9

“0.8*-

2.2

*1O.I“0.7

“0.6*1.7

*2.8

“16.1*0.8

*1.O“0.8

2.9

12.7

“0.7“0.6

*1.7

100.0100.0100.0100,0100.?

100.0100.0100.0100.0100.0

100.0100.0100.0100.0100.0

100.0100.0100.0100.0100.0

100.0100.0100.0100.0100.0

49.8

58.248.348,134.7

48.6

58.644.349.5

37.5

50.8

57.3

51.647.033.0

43.0

52.441.939.0

31.9

54.1

61.8

51.654.8

37.5

31.7

21.1

36.531.830.6

31.5

22.3

36.731.126.8

31.8

19.8

36.3

.32.131.8

33.1

19.6

38.735,8

27.8

30.7

21.535.6

28.6

30.4

9.6

*2.1

8.815.830.6

9.3

*1.310.0

14.726.8

9.9

*3.1

7.816.7

33.0

13.8

*3.712.722.0

33.3

7.7

*1.6

7.213.1

28.6

6.9

17.1

4.2*2.6*2.8

8.1

16.3

5.6*3.2

*7.1

5.9

18.1

3.1

‘2.1 ,*1.1

8.9

22.8

5.4

*3.3*2.8

5.8

14.0

3.3*2.3

*3.6

“: Table 4. Percent distribution of persons by race, Hispanic origin, and time interval since Iaat dental visit, according to selected characteristics: United States, 1978-80—Con.

[Data are based on household interviews of the civilian noninstitutionalized population. The aurvay design, general qualification, and information on the reliability of the estimates are given in appendix 1. Definitions ofterms are given in appendix 11]


Tima interval since last dantal visit Time interval since last dentql visit Time interval since last dental visit

Under 7-4 5 years Under 1-4 5 years Under 1-4Characteristic TotalJ,2 1 year Never

5 yearsyears or mora Tots/l,2 1 year years or mora Never TotalJ,2 1 year yaars or mora Never


Under 9 years


4-16 yesrs . ., . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

17-44 yesrs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .45-64 yeara . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .65 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

9-11 years

Allages 4yearssnd over . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

4–1 6 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17–44 yeara >...!...!,. . . . . . . . . . . . ., .,,45-64 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .65 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

12 years or more

All ages. 4 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

4-16 yeare . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17-44 years . . . . . . . .. o........ . . . . . . . . .45-64 yesrs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .65 years and over,.,,......,.,,,.. . . . . . .


Excellent or good

Allages 4years Andover......,,,. . . . . . . .

4-16 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17-44 years..............,.. . . . . . . . . . .45-64 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .65 years and over . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fair or poor

All sges 4 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

4–16 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17–44 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .45-64 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..-tibyears ana over . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

100.0100.0100.0100,0100.0

100.0

100.0100.0100.0100.0

100.0100,0100.0100.0100.0

100,0

100.0100.0100.0100.0

100.0

100.0100.0100.0.6A, .1Uu.u

39.2

50.835.535.8

*1 3.9

43.3

53.040.1

*30,8*33.3

54.0

57,253.254,8

“25.0

46.7

54,244.841.8

*22.9

41.8

51.742.041.2

*. -,.1a,u

32.2

26.236,930.038.9

37.2

25,843.538.5

*1 6,7

31.6

27,033.432,1

“25.0

32,7

27.136,430.9

*28.6

34.1

“20.039.529.9

*~~,~

14.1

“0.513.330.841:7

11,2

*2.312,9

*28.2“50,0

9,8

*2.511.5

*10.7“50,0

10.9

“1.412.023.045.7

14,6

*1.712.022.7

*-)* AO“. -

11.7

20.510.8*2.5*2.8

6.6

18.2*1.3

*-*-

3.2

12,6*0.2*1.2

*-

7.4

15.94.2

*1.2*2.9

5.3

26.7*1.5*1.O

*

100.0100.0100.0100.0100.0

100.0100.0100.0100.0100.0

100.0100.0100.0100.0100.0

100.0100.0100.0100.0100.0

100.0

100.0100.0100.0: p~


32.0

40.543.027.2

*1 6.2

42.0

58,343,936,8

“25.0

53,0

62,655.150.035.1

46.8

57.150.840.929.6

41.2

“40.053.744.427.s

35.4

*21.437.039,535.3

37.0

*33.345,6

*3 I .6*25.O

32,7

23,535,635.129.9

35.7

25.139.639.131.2

26.3

“20.025.927.8~y.~

23.0

*2,414.0.27,244.1

18.1*.

*7.O*28.9“50.0

10.1

“1.76.4

13.131.2

13.0

*1.78.2

18,236.0

26,3$.

*1 1.126.441.3

6.2 100.0

33.3 100.0“2.0 100.0*2.5 100.0*1.5 100.0

*1.4 100.0

*8.3 100.0*1:8“ 100.0

*-*-

2.4

12,2‘0,3

*-

*1.3

3.5

15.4“0.7*0.9“0.8

*2.1

‘40.0*1.9

*-

*?.~

100.0100.0

100.0100.0100.0100.0100,0

100.0

100,0100.0100.0100.0

100.0

100,0100.0100.01Q(I.9

36.7

46.134.638.424.1

46.7

53.144.843.1

*35,3

55.3

63.352.954.044,6

50.8

58.548.350.337.4

43.3

51.447.840.9~7.~

31.5

21.737.031.329.3

35.8

22.942,539,2

*29,4

30.9

20,435.330,630,8

31,6

21.036.731.429.3

33,1

*22.935.134,4~Q.~

16.3

*1.712.625.044.8

9.5

*4.28.6

*17.6*23.5

7,4

*1,58.0

11.5‘20.0

8.6

*2.18.6

14.327.3

17.0

*2.911.221.527 ~

12.2

28,711.4*3.6*1.7

6,8

18,8*2.3“2.0*5.9

5.0

13.02,4

*2.4*3.1

7.2

16.84.3

“3.0“3.0

4.9

*22.9*3.7*1.1●Z ~

1~gure~ may not add to 100.0 due to roundin9.

‘Includes unknown interval since last dental visit.

NOTE The appropriate relative standard errors of the estimates in this table are shown in appendix 1,

figures Xl and X11.slncludes other ra~ea and unknown if Hispanic 0ri9in.

41ncludes unknown specified Hispanic origin.

51ncludes unknown family income, unknown education of family head, and unknown perceived health status.

Table 5. Unadjusted and age-adjustedq percent of persons with short-stay hospital epiaodas during the past year by rata, Hispanic origin, andselected characteristics: Unitad Statea, 1978-80

[Data are based on household interviews of the civilian noninstitutionalized population. The auwey design, ganeral qualifications, and information on the reliability of

the estimates ara given in appandix 1. Definitions of terms ara given in appendix 11]


Total All All Mexican Puerto CubanCharacteristic

Otherpopulation races2 White Black Hispanic3 American Rican American Hispanic

Age

Allages4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Under 17 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

17-44 years . . . . .. a. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .45-64 yeara . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .65 years and over . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Sex

Mala . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Female . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Family income

Under $10,000, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$10,000 ormore . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .


Under 9 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

9-n years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12years or more . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .


Excellent orgood . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fair orpoor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Unadjusted percent with 1 or more hospital episodes

10.4

5.311.011.7

18.1

10.5

5.410.811.718.3

10.3

4.812.812.617.3

8.012.4

12.09.0

11.7

10.29.4

7.8

21.1

9.4

4.4

11.610.518.7

8.5

3.7

11.1

9.6

18.5

11.4

7.013.813.2

*1 0.5

8.014.5

14.59.0

12.5

12.110.4

9.020.5

12,9

*5.715.110.520.3

12.113.7

15.4’

13.0

13.9

12.611.9

11.5

21.0

12.2

11.312.5

13,512.6

12.412.911.5

11.122.5

8.8

3.6

10.310.420.8

7.010.4

10.87.9

9.6

9.38.4

7.2

21.0

9.6

8.510,6

11.68.6

9.710.8

?.3

7.819.8

10.4

5.211,011.7.18.1

8.512.1

13.2

9.3

8.6 8.8 6.711.9

5.411.612.1

13.4

12.1

13.9 10.27.5

11.5

8.29.4 9.5

12.7 13.311.5 11.6

9.5 9.5

13.9

12,09.6

9.2

10.49.3

8.1

9.78.8

8.4 8.424.1 24.5

8.6

25.4

7.6

20.2

6.820.1

Age-adjusted percent with 1 or more hospital episodes

10.3 11.1 10.210.3 10.4All persons . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..

Sex

Male . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Female . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Family income

Under $10,000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .$10,000 ormore . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .


Undar9 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9-llyears . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. J.. . . . . . . . .12years ormore . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .


Excellent orgood . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Fair or poor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

9.6 11.5

8.711.9

8.71.9

2.49.8

1.51.79.8

8.6

8.8 8.9 7.81.8 12.8 12.4

2.4 12.9 12.59.8 9.6 9.2

1.6 11.3 10.01.7 11.3 11.69,8 10.3 9.9

8.6 8.5 8.3

6.92.5

8.913,9

12.49.8

1.38.7

15.28.8

13.413.7

8,7

11.211.6

9.8

9.11.09.9

‘ 9.08.5 7.322.3 22.5 23.4 20.0 19.’5 19.3 19,9

‘Age adjustad by tha direct method to tha age distribution of the total civilian noninstitutionalized population of the United States, as of July 1, 1979.Zlncludes other rsces and unknown if Hispanic 0ri9ifl.

31ncludaa unknown spacifiad Hispanic origin.

41ncludea unknown family income, unknown aducation of family head, and unknown percaived health status.

NOTE: The appropriate relative standard arrors of the estimstea in this table are shown in appendix 1, figures Xl and Xii.

35

Table 6. Unadjusted and age-adjustedl number of days in hospital per year for persona with 1 or more hospital episodes by race, Hispsmicorigin, and selected characteristics: United States, 1978-80

[Data are based on houashold interviswa of the civilian noninatitutionalizsd population. Tha suruey dsaign, general qualification, and information on the reliability ofthe eatimatea are given in appendix L Definitiona of terms are given in appendix 11]

Non-Hispanic Specifiad Hispanic

Total All All Mexican Puerto Cubon OtherCharacteristic population races2 White Black Hispanic3 American Rican Americen Hispanic

Age Average number of days in hospital per year for parsons with 1 or more hospital episodes

Allagesq . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.5 9.6

Under 17 yeara . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.5 6.417-44 yaars, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.0 7.045-64 yesrs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12.2 12.365years and over . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14.5 14,6

Male . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..: . . . . 10.9 10.9Female . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.7 8.7

Family income

Under $10,000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . 11.6 11.8$10,000 ormore . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.1 6.2


Under 9 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12.3 12.59-n years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.9 10.012yaars or more . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.4 8.5


Excellent or good . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Fair or poor

7.1 7.2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15.3 15.4

9.4

6.06.7

11.9

14.2

10.58.6

11.68.1

12.29.98.4

7.015.3

11.3

8.28.8

15.3

18.6

14.49.6

12.59.4

13.910.6

9.4

8.415.8

8.6

7.77.3

11.3

13.2

10.67.6

10.06.9

10.68.76.7

6.513.7

7.7

7.2

6.510.2

14.6

9.66.8

9.16.0

9.28.35.7

5.313.1

10.2 10,1 8,7

10.4 *4.9 7,88.4 10.7 6.5

16.1 10.2 11.2“12,2 10.6 16.7

10.2 13.8 11.210.1 7.6 7,3

10.2 14.2 9,88.6 7.2 8.2

13.5 14.0 13.28.8 “10.97.4 7,5 ;::

7.9 8<0 7.114.2 16.0 13,1

Age-adjusted average number of deya in hospital per year for persons with 1 or more hospital episodes

All persona . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.7 8.7 8.4

Sex

Male . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.7, 9.7 9.3Female . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.1 8.1 7.9

Family income

Under $10,000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10.3 10.3 9.9

$10,000 ormore . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.9 8.0 7.8


Under 9 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10.1 10.0 9.49-n years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.3 9.3 8.812years ormore . . . . . . . . . . ...”... . . . . . . . 8.2 8.2 8.1


Excellen torgood . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.0 7.0 6.8Fairer poor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13.7 13.7 13.3

11.0 8.8

13.3 10.4

9,9 8.3

11.8 10.19.6 7.6

11.7 10.511.3 9.8

10.3 7.2

9.0 6.914.8 13.3

8.3 10.9 Wo 8.9

9.6 10,1 13.1 10,7

7.7 11.7 6.6 7.8

9.5 11.5 14.1 9.66.9 9,1 6.7 8,9

9.1 13.6 14’2 11.69.7 9.6 *8LI 8,1

6.7 6.5 C;,7 7%

6.0 8.5 7.3 8.212.8 14.5 I 4,0 12.0

‘Age adjusted by the direct method to the age distribution of tha total civilian noninstitutionalized population of the United States, as of July 1, 1979,‘Includes other races and unknown if Hispanic origin.31ncludea unknown specified Hispanic 0ri9in.

41ncludes unknown family income, unknown education of family head, and unknown perceived health status.

NOTE The appropriate relative standard errors of the estimates in this tabla are ahown in appendix 1,figures V and W.

36

Table 7.7

Unadjusted and age-adjuatedl percent distribution of persons hospitalized by race, Hispanic origin, and number of days hospitalized intha past 12 months, according to selected characteristic: United States, 1978-80 ,.

[Data are baaed on household interviewa of the civilian noninatitutionalized population. The survey dsaign, general qualification, and information on the reliability ofthe estimates are given in appendix L Definitions of terms are given “in appendix 11]

All persons hospitalized Non-Hispanics hospitalized Specified Hispanics hospitalized

Days in hospital in past Days in hospital in past Days in hospital in past12 months 12 months 12 months

Total 1-7 8-14 15 or All 1–7 8-14 15 or AllCharacteristic

1–7 8-14 15 orpopulation days days more days races2,3 days days more days Hispanic 2,4 days days more days

Age

Allagess . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Under 17 yaars . . . . . . .

17-44-yeara. . . . . . . . . .45-64 years . . . . . . . . . .

65 years and ovar , . . . .

Sax

Male . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Female . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Family income

Under $l0,000 . . . . . . .

$l0,000ormora . . . . . .


Under 9yaars . . . . . . . . .9-llyaara, . . . . . . . . . .12years ormora . . . . . .

Parceived health status

Excellent or good. . . . . .

Fair or poor . . . . . . . . . . .

All persons . . . . . . . . . . .

Sex

Male . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Female, . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Family income

Undar$l0,000 ,. ..., ,$10,000 or more . . . . . .


Undar9 years, .,..,...

9-llyaars . . . . . . . . . . .12years ormora . . . . . .

Parceived health status

Excellent or good. . . . . .

Fair or poor,.......,..

100.0

100.0100.0100.0100.0

100.0100.0

100.0100.0

100.0100.0100,0

100.0100.0

100.0

100.0100.0

100.0100.0

100.0100.0100.0

100.0100.0


66.2 18.0

79.8 12.2

78.0 13.0

53.4 24.2

43.8 26.7

62.3 19.168.7 17.3

59.2 19.971.0 16.5

54.1 22.564.4 19.071:0 16.2

75.1 15.4

45.0 24.4

69.9 16.5

67.1 17.171.1 16.3

65.4 17.471,9 16.0

64.9 17.9

67.3 17.971.9 15.9

75.6 15,1

51.8 22.6

15.8

7.9

9.022.4

29.5

18.514.0

20.912.6

23.416.612.8

9.630.6

13.6

15.812.6

17.212.1

17.314.912.3

9.325.5


100.0 65.9’ 18.2 15.9

100.0 80.1 12.2 7.7100.0 78.0 13.1 8.9100.0 53.3 24.2 22.5

100,0 43.6 26.8 29.6

100,0 62.2 19.2 18.6100.0 68.3 17,6 14.2

100.0 58.6 20.3 21.1

100.0 70.7 16.6 12.7

100.0 52.7 23.2 24.1100.0 63.9 19.2 16.9100.0 70.7 16.4 12.9

100.0 74.8 15.6 9.7

100.0 44.4 24.6 30.9

Age-adjusted percent distribution

100.0 69.9 16.6

100.0 67.4 17.0100.0 71.1 16.4

100,0 65.5 17.5100.0 71.8 16.0

100.0 64.6 16.2100.0 67.3 17.9100.0 71.8 15.9

100.0 75,6 15,1100.0 61.5 23.0

13.5

15.712.5

16.912.2

17.2

14.812.3

9,3

25.4

100.0100.0100.0100.0100.0

100.0100.0

100.0100.0

100.0100.0100.0

100.0100.0

100.0

100.0100.0

100.0100.0

100.0

100.0100.0

100.0

100.0

71.3 15.2

76.2 12.678.3 11.756.0 24.3

49.3 24.3

63.5 18.275.5 13.5

66.2 15.877.0 14.3

66.0 16.871.0 15.976.9 13.2

79.2 12.453.0 21.4

70.2 15.6

64.2 18.173.0 14.7

65.0 16.674,9 14.8

67.0 16.268.3 17.374.1 14.7

76.6 13.9

55.1 19.2

13.5

11.210.019.7

26.4

18.011.0

18.08.6

17.212.710.0

8.325.6

14.0

17.512.4

18.310.1

16.6

14.410.9

9.525.7

37

Table 7. Unadjusted and age-adjusted! percent distribution of persons hospitalized by race, Hispanic origin, and number of dsys hospitalized inthe past 12 months, eccording to selacted characteristics: United States, 1978-80—Con.

[Data are baaed on household interviews of the civilian noninstitutionalized population. The suwey design, general qualifications, and information on the reliability ofthe estimates are given in appendix 1. Definitions of terms are given in appendix 1[]



1-7 8-14 15 or 1-7 8–14 15 or 1-7 8-14 15 ofCharacteristic Tota12 days days more days Tota12 days days more days Tota12 days day.~ more days

Age

Allages5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Under 17 years . . . . . . . . .

17-44 years . . . . . . . . . . . .45-64 years . . . . . . . . . . . .65 years and over . . . . . . .

Sex

Male . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Female . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Family income

Under $l0,000 . . . . . . . . .$10,000 or more . . . . . . . .


Under 9yaars . . . . . . . . . .9-n years . . . . . . . . . . . . .12years OrmOre . . . . . . . .


Excellent or good. . . . . . . .Fair or poor . . . . . . . . . . . .<

All persons . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Sex

Msle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Female . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Family incoma

Under $l0,000 . . . . . . . . .

$10,000 or more . . . . . . . .


Under 9 years . . . . . . . . . .9-n years . . . . . . . . . . . . .12years or more . . . . . . . .


Excallent or good. . . . . . . .

Fair or poor . . . . . . . . . . . .

100.0

100.0100.0100.0100.0

100.0100.0

100.0100.0

100.0100.0100.0

100.0100.0

100.0

100.0100.0

100.0100.0

100.0100.0100.0

100.0

100.0

66.4

81.5

79.154.444.2

63.268.6

58.471.0

53.063.671.0

75.044.6

71.1

68.672.2

66.972.5

65.968.372.6

76.3

52.7

17.9

11.3

12.623.726.6

18.817.3

20.316.3

22.919.416.2

15.524.3

16.0

16.515.8

16.815.6

17.517.615.5

14.8

22.3

15.7

7.1

8.321.929.2

17.914.1

21.312.6

24.117.012.8

9.631.1

12.9

14.912.0

16.411.9

16.714.111.9

9.0

24.9

100.0

100.0100.0100.0100.0

100.0100.0

100.0100.0

100.0100.0100.0

00.000.0

61.3

72.2

71.144.036.4

53.965.5

58.466.2

50.465.567.2

72.443.4

20.3 18.4

17.4 10.4

15.8 13.128.1 27.928.9 34.4

21.7 24.319.4 15.1

20.6 21.019.5 14.3

25.3 24.418.1 16.518.2 14.6

16.7 10.926.2 30.3


00.0

00.000.0

100.0100.0

100.0100.0100.0

100.0100.0

62.2

57.163.8

60.764.8

59.763.363.5

69.747.2

20.1

20.720.6

20.020.2

21.318.919.6

18.3

25.9

17.6

22.315.8

19.414.9

19.118.117.0

11.827.1

100.0100.0100.0100.0100.0

100.0100.0

100.0100.0

100.0100.0100.0

100.0100.0

100.0

100.0100.0

100.0100.0

100.0100.0100.0

100.0100.0

75.5

83.7

80.859.648.0

65.879.8

69.481,1

71.174.881.3

83.656.5

73.8

66.975.8

67.479.7

72.671,576.4

80.3

60.1

13.4

*8.2

11.023.6

“24.0

16.611,9

14.412,4

13,214.612.4

0.99.2

4.2

6.23,3

11.3

*9.2

8<516,930.0

17,18,4

16.26.5

16,1

“10,66.2

5.524.4

12,7

16<610.5

15.7 16,513.5 7.7

4

12.3 15.617,1 “1O.315.1 8.5

12.6 7.416’,2 24.0

Sae footnotea and note at end of table.

38

Table 7. Unadjusted and aga-adjustedl parcent distribution of paraons hospitalized by race, Hispanic origin, and numbar of days hospitalized ithe paat 12 months, according to salected characteristics: Unitad States, 1978-80—Con.

[Data are baaed on household interviewa of the civilian noninatitutionalized population. The aurvsy design, general qualifications, and information on the reliability ofthe estimates are given in appendix 1. Definitirms of terms are given in appendix 1[]



1–7 8-14 15 or 1-7 8- ?4 15 orCharacteristic

1–7 8-14 15 orTotalz days days more days Tota12 days days more days Tota12 days days more day

Age

Allages5 . . . . . . . . . . . .

Under 17 years . . . . . . .17-44 years . . . . . . . . .45-64 years . . . . . . . . .

65 yaara and over. . . . .

Sex

Mala . . . . . . . . . . . ..f. .

Female. .,,.......,...

Family income

Under $l0,000. . . . . . .

$10,000 or more . . . . .

Education offamily haad

Under 9yaars . . . . . . . .9-n years . . . . . . . . . .

12years or more . . . . .


Excellent or good . . . . .

Fairer poor. . . . . . . . . .

All persona . . . . . . . . . .

Sex

Male . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Female . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Family income

Under $lO,OOO. . . . . . .

$10,000 or more . . . . .

Education of

family head

Under 9 years . . . . . . . .9-n years . . . . . . . . . .12yeara ormore . . . . .


Excellent or good. . . . .Fairer poor . . . . ...’...

100.0100.0100.0100.0100.0

100.0100.0

100.0100.0

100.0100.0100.0

100.0100.0

100.0

100.0100.0

100.0100.0

100.0100.0100.0

100.0100.0

67.0 17.0

63.6 “20.575.4 11.942.9 *3 I .4

*50.O *1 6.7

62.2 20.370.1 1.5.3

64.2 19.477,8 *11.1

54.1 21.270.9 *1 8.276.7 *11.O

76.5 13.2

50.0 23.8

63.0 18.6

57.7 23.164.8 14.7

59.3 21.576.9 ‘11.3

52.6 22,271.9 *1 9.366.1 *1 2,5

73.8 18.050.2 20.7

16.1

*1 5.911.9

*25.7

*33.3

*1 7.6

15.3

16.4*11.1

23.5*1O.9*1 1.0

10.3

26.3

16.0

*1 9.320.5

19.2*11.O

24.4*1O.4*11.4

13.229.1


100.0 65.8 16.4 16.5

100.0 *76.9 “23.1 *-

100.0 78.4 *8.1 ‘13,5100.0 50.0 *25.O *21 .9

100.0 52.5 *27.5 *20.O

100.0 57.8 *18.8 23.4

100.0 71.6 16.8 *11.6

100,0 58.7 *1 9.0 22.2100.0 71.8 16.5 *11.8

100.0 61.9 *23.8 “14.3100.0 *61 ,1 *1 6.7 *22,2

100.0 72.3 *1 5.7 *1O.8

100.0 70.8 17.7 *11.5

100.0 51.2 *19.5 *29.3


100.0 69.5 17.6

100.0 61.7 *2 I .3100.0 79.6 12.2

100.0 66.6 *1 5.5100.0 70.9 16.3

100.0 63.9 *27.6100.0 “69.6 *1 5.7100.0 76,2 *14.9

100.0 74.7 15.7100.0 43.3 *36.1

12.2

18.6“9.0

18.0“10.0

*9.6‘22.0

*8.9

*9.5*20.6

100.0100.0100,0100.0100.0

100.0100,0

100.0100.0

100.0100,0100.0

100.0100.0

100.0

100.0100.0

100.0100.0

100.0100.0100.0

100.0100.0

67.9

66.774.859.1

46.7

59.8

72.7

65.069.2

54.568,672.4

75.7

47.8

66.4

61.670.0

67.866.8

54.661.669.9

73.046.2

17.1

*1 3.315.4

*1 5.9

*26.7

21.7

14.3

“13.020.0

25.5*17.1

13.8

13.6.

25.4

16.2

22,115.2

811.919.7

23.4*1 8.014.6

15.224.3

15.0

*1 6.7*9.1

*22.7

*26.7

18.5

13.0

22.011.5

*1 8.2“14.3

14.5

10,2

28.4

15.8

18.715.9

22.813.2

*1 9.0“20.4

14.2

12.728.7

lAge.adjuated by the direct method to the age distribution Of the total civilian noninatitutionalizad pOpUkdOII of tha United states, aa of JUIY 1, 1979.2F[gurea may not add to 100.0 bscauae of rounding.

31ncludes other races and unknown if Hispanic origin.41ncludes unknown apacified Hispanic origin.‘51ncludesunknown family incoms, unknown education of family head, and unknown percaived health status.

NOTE The appropriate ralative standard errora of the estimates in this table are shown in sppendix 1,figure Xl and XII.

39

Table 8. Number of acute conditions per 100 persons per year by race, Hispanic origin, and selacted characteristics: United States, 1979-80

[Data are based on household interviews of the civilian noninstitutionalized population. The survey design, general qualifications, and information on the reliability ofthe estimates are given in sppendix L Definitions of terms sre given in appendix 11]


Total All All Mexican Puerto Cuban Other

Characteristic population racesl White Black Hispanic2 American Rican American Hispanic

SEX AND AGE

Both sexes

Allages3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Under 17 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17-44 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .45 years and over . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Male

Alleges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Under 17 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

17-44 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .45 years And over . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Female

Alleges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Under 17 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17–44 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .45 years and over . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .


Under $10,000

Alleges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Under 17 yeara . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

17-44 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .45years andoyer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$10,000 or more

Alleges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .


EDUCATION OF FAMILY HEADAND AGE

Under 9 yesrs

All agea . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .


9-11 years

Alleges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .


12 years or more

Alleges . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .


Ses footnotesand note at end of table.

218.8

319.5220.912B.7

202.8

312.5190.5114.4

233.7

326.8249.7140.7

226.4

323.6268.7129.5

221.4

324.7210.7131.2

156.9

224.5167.0124.5

207.5

304.0208.8122.5

237.3

342.3230.9132.2

219.4

324.6223.2127.5

203.7

318.2192.7113.1

234.0

331.2252.0139.4

225.2

329.5275.4126.0

222.4

328.9212.4130.8

154.3

234.7169.9121.6

206.4

305.0210.8122.7

237.1

343.9231.7131.2

Number of all acute conditions per 100 persons per year

224.6 18B.1

347.4 218.0226.0 200.2127.6 124.1

208.4 174.7

338.3 221.2197.6 164.7113.0 116.1

239.8 199.7

357.0 214.7257.3 22B.8139.8 130.6

229.7 207.8

380.3 237.2289.0 240,5124.9 124.9

227.5 176.9

344.6 203.9216.4 181.8132.1 118.5

158.2 136.1

266.5 160.9179.5 143.4122.2 116.0

209.4 197.0

330.5 244.4215.8 194.3125.2 107.3

240.7 210.8

361.0 229.8234.5 220.2131.0 130.5

210.7

266.7192.8156.2

190.7

252.8162.9141.3

229.6

281.1220.716B.8

238.4

288.0217.3197.1

205.5

267.7184.5142.5

171.7

192.9157.3165.1

220.5

295.9IB9.6116.0

240.2

312.6215.9168.4

18B.9

221.9175.0153.9

167.4

214.3139.2139.9

210.5

229.9210.7167.2

195.3

202.6190.3192.2

190.8

238.1169.7145.6

157.3

183.5139.9145.9

170.8

211.9148.2

*127.8

234.5

264.5221.4199.6

321.8

488.9254.1182.7

314.8

449.9252.4

“202.5

328.5

530.6255,8

*1 63.4

383.4

586.3269.3

‘207.0

285.9

395.4250.0

*1 87.3

272.9

309.7249.1258.2

365,1

526,0270.5

*112.2

352.7

646.5245.2

*144.3

172.5

204.0209.5119.6

157.2

*213.8193,9*82.1

184.6

*195.5223.2144.4

204.3

“127.6*263.2

200.$

165,1

253.5197.1“66<2

148.1

“76<7‘105.1“205.4.

*119cSi

“155.3*87,7

‘1 27.$1

19B.8

269.:1249.3*90.O

223,3

288,5199.0177.6

199.1

271.3166.8

‘142.0

245.2

307<7225.8205,7

245.9

298,9227.6212,2

227.6

316,1190,3169,1

180.6

*191,9183.8

“165.0

270.3

358.5279,4“67<6

222,1

289.9186,1198.8

40

Table 8. Number of acute conditions per 100 persona per year by race, Hispanic origin, and selected characteristics: United States,1979-80—Con.

[Data are baaed on household interviewa of the civilian noninatitutionalized population. The auruey design, general qualifications, and information on the reliability ofthe estimatea are given in appendix L Definitions of terms are given in appendix 11]


Total All All Mexican Puerto Cuban . OthCharacteristic population racesq White Black Hispanic2 American Rican American Hispa


Excellent or good

Alleges.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Under 17 years,............,.. . . . . . . .17-44 yeara . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .45 years and over . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fsir or poor

Allsgea . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Under 17 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

17-44 yaars . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .45 years and over . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

213.4

306.8210.1116.0

256.0

582.7

335,6167.0

214.4

311.4212.5115.6

254.3

607.7

342.3163.8

Number of all acute conditions per 100 persons per year

219.1

332.1216.7115.6

265.0

716.0

369,3166.7

183.7

210.5190.0107,7

211.4

332.6258.2151.1

200.1

257.2179.5126.5

276.9

411.0

280.6222.9

186.0

222.9169.1132,0

214.1

222.7

223.0201.0

301.7

449.7230.5

*118,8

403.1

781.0

343.4271.5

150.6

166.4197.5*68.9

267.3

“671 .4

*273.8*246.9

209

272178172

343

“570.

417“182.

Ilncludea other races and unknown if Hispanic origin.‘Includes unknown specified Hispanic origin.31ncludes unknown family income, unknown education of family head, andunknown perceived health status,

NOTE Theappropriate relative standard erroraof theastimates inthistable areahown inappendix l, figures Vlland Vlll,

Table 9. Unadjusted andage.adjustedl number ofacute conditions perl OOperaons peryear byrace, Hispanic origin, acute condition group,

age, and sex United States, 1979-80

[Data are based on household interviews of the civilian noninstitutionalized population. The survey design, general qualifications, and information on the reliability of

the estimates are given in appendix L Definitions of terms are given in appendix 11]


Total All All Mexican Puerto Cuban OtherAcute condition, age, andsex population races2 White Black Hispanics American Rican American Hispanic

INFECTIVE AND PARASITIC

Age

Alleges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Under 17 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17-44 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .45 years and over . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Unadjusted number of acute conditions per 100 persons per year

25.1

48.1

26.2

52.622.610.8

24.8

27.5

15.0

80.915.664.7

04.125.3

18.9

27.817.4

8.5

13.923.2

89.5

116.286.256.9

85.093.5

16.8 10.5

29.9 18.5

39.2

78.2*22.9

*7.9

43.8*34.7

165.1

284.8108.5“90.3

150.5178.9

*23.5

*39.4‘39.2

*-

*1 2,3*32.4

81.1

*117.386.7

*57.9

83.579.CI

18.4

*32,3“10.6*1 5,1

*21 .2*15,9

132.7

185.4105.5115.1

119.1145.0

24.5

46.5

21.710.5

23.226.8

11.6

69.411.464.1

01.720.8

11,6*6.4

*5.9*5.9

21.010.3

Sex

Male . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Female . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

22.826.1

17.316.3

11,29.8

RESPIRATORY

Age

Alleges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .


111.8

168.4110.0

65.2

100.7

125.483.793.7

14.2

57.692.590.5

Sex

Male . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Female . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .101.6121.2

00.727.0

85.6115.9

DIGESTIVE

Age

Alleges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .


11.4

14.7

12.57.0

11.3 10.9 13.6 13.1 13.2 21.0. *5,4 *12,1

14.8 15.0 13.6 13.6 13.8 *25.6 *H *9,812.3 11.9 15.2 15.5 13.3 *24.6 *13.3 * 18.4

7.1 6.5 10.9 *6.7 ‘11.6 *- *., *=

Sex

Male . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Female . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

10.712.1

10.7 10.4 12.6 11.8 11.7 *1 3.4 “4.0 “15’511.9 11.4 14.5 14.4 14.7 *28.1 *6.6 *9,1

INJURIES

Age

Alleges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .


33.9 34.1 35.5 26.8 31.6 30.2 43.4 30.2! 31<3

38.5 39.5 42.8 25.4 28.6 26.9 “40.5 “37.t3 “26,139.1 39.4 41.0 31.5 35.7 37.0 40.2 “32.0 34.822.8 22.6 22.9 20.7 27.3 *1 7.8 *59.4 *24.() ‘30.8

Sex

Male . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Female . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

39.9 40.1 41.3 34.0 37.2 37.7 56.9 *25.9 31.128.3 28.5 29.9 20.4 26.3 22.7 “30.5 *33.7 31.4

ALL OTHER ACUTE CONDITIONS

Age

Alleges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .


37.2 37.3 37.0 39.3 34.9 34.3 53.2 32.3 28.8

51.4 52.8 56.2 35.1 36.9 37.3 59.8 *9.[i “34.938.3 38.4 36.9 49.9 - 37.5 ‘ 35.2 57.8 *37,7 29.623.3 23.2 22.7 27.2 25.3 “25.0 *25.2 ‘37<7 “16.4

Sex

Male . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Female . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

27.7 28.0 27.9 29.3 23.7 21.2 50.2 *31 .5 ‘12.346.0 46,0 45.6 48.1 45.6 47.5 56.2 *32.8 43.7

Sae footnotes and nets at end of table,

42

TabIe 9. Unadjusted andage-adjuatedl numbarof acute conditions perl OOpersona paryear by race, Hispanic origin, acute condition group,age, and sex: United Statas, 1979-80—Con.

[Data are based on household intewiews of the civilian noninatitutionalized population. The suwey design, general qualification, and information on the reliability of

the estimates are given in appendix 1. Definitions of terms are given in appendix 11]


Total All All Mexican Puerto Cuban OtherAcute condition and sex population races2 White Black Hispanic3 American Rican American Hispanic

ALL ACUTE CONDITIONS .

Both sexes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Male . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Female . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

INFECTIVE AND PARASITIC

Both aexea . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Mafia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Female . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

RESPIRATORY

Both sexes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Male . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Female . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

DIGESTIVE

Both sexas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Male. .,,,...................,,.. . . . . .Female . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

INJURIES

Both sexas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Male . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ., Female . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

ALL OTHER ACUTE CONDITIONS

Both sexes, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Male . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Female . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

219.2

200.0237.0

24.6

22.326.7

112.0

100.2123.1

11.4

10.612.2

33.9

39.528.5

3?.2

27.346.5

Age-adjusted number of acute conditions per 100 persons per year

221.2

202.1238.8

25.4

22.927.7

112.5

100.9123.6

11.4

10,612.1

34.3

39.928.7

37.6

27,846.8

229.4

209.6248.1

27.1

25.029.0

117.6

104.7130,0

11.1

10.411.8

35.9

41.530.3

37.7

28.147.0

181.6

165.0194.8

17.5

11.622.2

85.3

79.390.2

13.4

12,014.5

26.5

33.620.4

38.9

28.4

201.5

180.5221.0

14.9

15.414.5

109.5

95.0123.0

12.3

11.513.1

31.2

35.726.8

33.6

22,947.4 43.7

181.2

159.7202.5

9.3

10.08.5

98.0

81.3114.6

12.9

13.212.7

2B,4

35.421.4

32.6

19.945.3

295.5

290.4301.6

33.2

37.1“29.0

150.5

131.7169.9

17.3

*11.O*23.2

46,2

62.5‘30.2

48.3

47.949.5

180.4

164.9191.5

*27.2

*1 4.7*38.2

86.1

88.683.5

*5.6

“4.0*7.2

31.4

*27.O*33.9

30.1

‘30.9“28.8

216.6

187.4241.7

17.8

“21 .2*1 5.2

130.0

112.9144.1

‘10.4

*13.7*8. 1

31.2

28.333.5

27.0

“11.340.7

lAge-adjuated by the direct method to the age distribution of the total civilian noninatitutiona lized population of the United Statea, as of July 1, 1979.Zlncludea othsr races and unknown if Hiepanic 0ri9in.

31ncludea unknown specified Hispanic origin.

NOTE: The appropriate relative standard arrors of the estimatea in this table are shown in appendix 1, figures Vll and Vlll.

43

‘Table 10. .Days of r&tricted activity per person per year by race, Hispanic origin, and aelectad characteristics: United States, 19178-80

[Data are baaed on household intewiewa of the civilian noninstitutimmlized population. The survey design, general qualifications, and information on tPa reliability ofthe estimatea are given in appendix 1. Definitions of terms are given in appandix 11]


Total All All Mexican Puerto Cuban OtherCharacteristic population races~ White Black Hispanic2 American Rican Amerrcan Hispanic

SEX AND AGE

Both sexes

Allages3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Under 17yaars . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17-44 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .45-64 years, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .65years end over . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Male

All ages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .


45-64 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .65yeara and over . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Female

Alleges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Under 17 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17-44 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .45-64 yesrs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .65years snd over . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .


Under $10,000

Alleges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Under 17 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

17-44 yesrs, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .45-64 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .65yesrs and over . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$10,000 or more

Alleges . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Under 17 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17-44 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .45-64 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .65 years and over . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .


Under 9 years

All ages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .


45-64 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .65 years and over, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

9-11 years

Alleges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Under 17 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . .17-44 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .45-64 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .65 years and over . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

12 years or more

AIl ages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Under 17yesrs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17-44 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

45-64 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .65 years and over . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

See footnotes snd note st end of table.

44

19.0

11.315.026.140.5

16.8

11.013.0

24.0

36.0

21.0

11.616.628.043.6

30.0

13.6

21.349.047.5

14.6

10.713.219.329.6

29.7

11.518.438.2

47.8

21.0

11.917.630.138.4

15.7

11.114.020,633.4

19.0

11.314.925.840.3

16.8

11.013.0

23.6

36.0

21.1

11.516.727.843.3

30.5

13.6

21.348.747.3

14.7

10.713.219.229.4

31.3

11.719.2

38.347.4

21.2

11.917.629.938.6

15.7

11.114.0

20.433.4

Restricted activity daye per person per year

18.7

11.614.224.638.7

16.6

11.512.6

22.8

34.1

20.6

12.015.726.341.8

31.3

15.5

20.347.845.4

14.6

11.012.919.028.9

31.5

13.318.537.0

44.9

21.3

12.716.328.8

37.4

15.7

11.413.6

20.133.3

22.3

9.220.438.356.9

19.0

8.716.6

33.954.3

25.1

9.723.442.158.7

28.3

10.3

24.953.662.5

16.2

8.517.423.5

40.5

31.4

8.621.7

44.7

61.9

21.1

9.922.239.1

53.4

17.2

9.319.0

29.038.3

18.3

11.515.832.046.5

15.9

10.912.7

31.7

37.5

20.5

12.118.632.253.3

25.4

13.5

21.953.755.0

13.9

10.512.522.4

36.0

20.6

11.015.4

37.4

57-1

17.8

12.117.833.330.1

16.2

11.515.4

27.335.2

15.3

10.212.927.652.8

13.6

9.710.8

28.440.3

16.9

10.814.926.963.6

20.2

10.0

17.044.058.8

12.6

10.611.120.3

41.1

16.8

10.011.831.3

54.3

12.8

8.413.718.7

*58.3

14.3

10.714.0

25.648.8

26.7

18.023.152.561.4

20.6

14.215.445.6

“60.6

32.4

22.129.859.460.1

37.4

22,0

33,095.684.0

15.0

12.412.927.9

*3.2

34.2

14.326.6

74.3

94.6

26.2

20.723.073.8

*-

20.7

20.920.9

21,7

*4.5

21.5

10.216,124.243.6

20.3

‘14.615.6

24.4

34.8

22.4

*6.416.524.04S!.3

2~.1

*lCLI

22.234.942<5

18.9

*111.415.320’1

50.0

30.5

*12.62:!,7

30.855.3

21’.2

“7.0*1 5.0*38.9“2!;.2

16,4

*O,814.1

17.337.5

19,3

10.617,236,839,8

16,8

10.914.734,1

*29,1

21,5

10.219,239.046.7

28,6

15.4

23,161.955.3

14.8

8.114.526.3

*25.4

23,6

*8.219<935<7

55.2

26<3

18.227.744.3

*22.6

16.8

9.414.6

36.733.0

Table 10. Days of restricted activity per person per year by race, Hispanic origin, and selected characteristics: United States, 1978-80—Con.

[Data are based on household interviews of the civilian noninstitutionalized population. The aunrey design, general qualification, and information on the reliability ofthe eatimatea are given in appendix 1. Definitions of terms are given in appendix 11]


Total All All Mexican PuertoCharacteristic

Cuban Otherpopulation racesi White Black Hispanic2 Amarican Rican American Hispanic


Excellent or good

Alleges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.8 11.8

Under 17 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.9 9.917-44 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.3 11.345-64 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12.3 12.265yaars and over . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...”.. 20.2 20.1

Fair or poor

Alleges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68.4 69.0

Under 17 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40.2 40.817-44 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54.1 54.645-64 yeara . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75.5 75.465 years and over . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84.8 64.8

Restricted activity days per person per year

11.9 12.2 11.3 9.4 15.1

10.4 7.6 9.8 8.6 14.711.0 13,9 10.6 9.1 13.412.0 14.7 14.9 11.2 18.019,6 27.6 23.3 20.7 *45.1

70.2 65.7 60.7 54.1 , 71.6

45.5 29.3 35.6 38.0 43.354.8 55.5 50.8 40.0 59.775.8 76.1 78.0 69.0 113.183.7 91.3 85.5 89.1 87.2

14.5

9.414.312.328.3

59.1

*43.8“30.0

63.880.0

12,5

9.311.124.6

“13.9

72.1

*29.974.180.196.3

llncludea other races and unknown if Hispanic origin.‘Includes unknown specified Hispanic origin.Slnoludes unknown family income, unknown education of family head, and unknown percaived health status.

NOTE Theappropriate relative atandard errors of theestimatea inthiatable areshown inappendix l, figures lXand X;

45

Table 11. Days of bed disability per person per year by race, Hispanic origin, and selacted characteristics: United States, 1978-aO

[Data ars basad on household intarviewa of ths civilian noninatitutionalized population. Tha sutisy design, general qualifications, and information on tha reliability ofthe estimates are givan in appendix 1. Definitions of terms are given in appendix Ii]



SEX AND AGE

Both sexes

Allages3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Under 17 yeara . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17-44 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .45-64 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .65 years and over . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Male

All ages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Under 17 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17-44 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .45-64 years. . . : . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .65 years and over . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Female

All agea . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .




Under $l0,000

Alleges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Under 17 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17-44 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .45-64 yeara . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

65years and over..............,.. . . . . .

$10.000 or more

Alleges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Under 17 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

17–44 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .45-64 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .65 years and over . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .


AND AGE

Under 9 years

Alleges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Under 17 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

17–44 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Bed disability days par person per year

6.9

5.15.68.5

14.0

6.9

5.05.58.3

13.8

5.8

4.74.27.2

12.7

7.9

5.36.89.4

14.5

10.8

6.38.3

16.015.2

5.3

4.74.76.1

10.6

10.6

6.6

5.15.17.7

12.9

5.5

4.B4.06.7

11.4

7.6

5.56.18.7

13.9

10.6

7.17.3

15.314.1

5.2

4.74.55.9

10.3

10.1

9.4

4.79.0

14.022.9

8.0

4.66.4

12.224.8

10.7

4.811.215.521.5

11.7

5.011.419.324.2

7.0

4.67.49.1

15.9

12.5

4.19.5

15.225.8

9.5

5.910.313.819.8

7.6

4.58.4

12.314.5

7.8

6.06.2

12.020.7

6.4

5.84.3

11.117.2

9.1

6.38.0

12.823.4

11.2

7.59.1

20.425.3

5.5

5.34.67.4

12.4

8.6

5.86.1

13.026.4

6.1

4.74.69.7

26.1

5.0

4.63.29.1

20.2

7.1

4.85.9

10.331.3

8.0

4.65.6

16.029.1

4.9

5.04.26.1

*12.4

13.4

11.811.219.935.7

9.4

8.95.7

17.0*41 .2

17.1

14.916.022.9

“30.2

19.1

13.616.537.749.5

7.6

9.26.3

*9.3*3.2

8.2

*3.1;6.28.7

17,6

7.2

*5.4*6. B*7.9*9.7

8.9

‘2,0*5.8*9,2227

12.8

“1,9*1080*16,3

19.2

6.2

‘4.6*4.9*5.3

*18.7

7.9

6.16.84.01.3*

5.8

4.8

6.3

6.25.3

10.0*6.6

9.3

6.0

1;::*14,3

11.4

7.910.620.7

*14,2

6.1

5,54.8

10.8“9.0

4.27.4

12.6

‘ 8.0

5.46.89.5

14.8

10.9

6.58.4

16.315.5

5.3

4.74.76.1

10.6

10.3

5.17.0

12.216.2

7.8

5.97.19.4

12.1

5.8

5.05.16.8

12.0

6.6 16.5

4.7 10.44.1 12.4

10.8 27.225.1 54.6

10.6

*1.3‘8’.0

1040

“4.89,5

*12.8*20<1

4.97.22.15.8

7.8

5.97.19.22.1

5.8

4.95.16.7

5.36.41.44.1

7.5

5.96.38.61.5

5.7

5.04.86.4

45-64 years. . . . . .65 years and over .

9-

All ages . . . . . . . . .

Under 17 years . . .17-44 vaars. . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

1years

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

*7.6*23.7

7.7

6.37.5

5.8 13.3

4.3 11.56.4 12.3

*5.6 *29.6“30.3 *-

‘7’.9

*5.3

*2,7*18,9

* tjo

8.8

*8.2*7.1

“16,9*7.1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .45-64 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

65years and over . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

12 years or more

Alleges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Undar17yaars . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17-44 years...............,.. . . . . . . . . .45-64 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .65years andovar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Sae footnotes and note at end of tabla.

2.52.0*

6.8

5.96.0

10.712.5

5.3 11.1 fi,4

*4.1

5.9“6.3

*1 2.8

7.1

5.96.0

4.4 14.24.5 10.59.8 *7.7

“29.4 *3.O14.3*5.212.0 11.9

46

Table 11. Days of bad disability par person per yaar by race, Hispanic origin, and aelactad characteristics: United States, 1978-80—Con.

[Data ara baaed on household intewiewa of the civilian noninstitutionalized population. The survey daaign, general qualifications, and information on the reliability ofthe eatimates,are given in appendix 1, Definitions of terms are given in appendix 11]




Excellent or good Bed disability day~per person per year

Alleges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.3 4.3 4.2 5.3 4.8 3.7 8.4

Under 17 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.4 4.4 4.5 3.9 5.0 3.7 9.917-44 yeara . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.2 4.2 4.0 8.0 4.2 3.4 6.945-64 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.7 3.6 3.5 5.2 5.6 4.3 *8.265 years and over . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.0 5.9 5.6 10.1 8.2 *7.3 “19.7

Fair or poor

All ages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25.1 25.0 24.6 27.3 25.7 21.6 32.5

Under 17 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19.8 19.6 21.4 15.1 21.6 22.2 26.917-44 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20.3 20.4 19.1 25.7 19,7 13.1 27.145-64 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25.5 25.2 24.8 27.8 29.1 22.5 40.865 years and over . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31.7 31.2 30.2 37.9 42.0 47.5 *61 .1

5.4

*3.55.3

*4.8“10.0

23.3

*7.7~13.1*2 I .9

35.3

4.9

5.24.27.9

*1.O

31.1

*1 9.830.436.0

*35.4

] Includes other races and unknown if Hispanic origin.21ncludes unknown specified Hispanic origin.sln~lud~~unknown family income, unknown education of family head, and unknown perceived health status.

NOTE Theappropriate relative atandard erroraofthe estimates inthiatable areshown inappendix l, figurealXand X,

.

47

Table’ 12. Daya Ioat from work par currantly employed person per year by race, Hispanic origin, and selected characteristics: United Statea,1978-80

[Data are based on housahold interviews of the civilian noninatitutionalized population. The survey design, general qualification, and information on the reliability ofthe estimates are given in appendix 1. Definitions of terms are given in appendix 11]

Total Non-Hispanic Specified Hispaniccurrentlyemployed All All Mexican Puerto Cuban Other

Characteristic population racesl White Blac$ Hispanic2 American Rican American Hispanic

SEX AND AGE

Both sexes

Allages 17years andover3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

17-44 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .45-64 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .65yaars and over . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Msle

Allages 17years And over . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

17-44 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .45-64 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .65 years and over . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Female

Allages 17yesrs and over . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .



Under $l0,000

Allages 17 years And over . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .


$10,000 or more


17-44 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .45-64 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

65 years and over . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

EDUCATION OF HEAD OF FAMILYAND AGE

Under 9 years

Allagea 17years sndovar ...,... . . . . . . . .

17-44 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .45-64 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

65 years and over . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

9-11 years


17-44 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .


12 years or more



See footnotes and nota at end of tabla.

*5.1

4.85.74.2

4.8

4.55.63.5

5.4

5.35.85.3

-6.4

6.37.74.5

4.8

4.6

5.53.9

6.2

5.77.05.0

6.5

6.2

7.34.9

4.6

4.55.03.5

5.1

4.9

5.74.1

4.8

4.55.63.5

5.4

5.35.75.1

6.5

6.37.74.4

4.6

4:65.43.7

6.3

6.06.85.0

6.6

6.3

7.35.0

4.6

4.55.03.3

Work-loss days per currently employed parson per year

4.8

4.55.54.0

4.6

4.35.53.5

5.1

4.95.64.9

6.2

5.97.74.4

4.6

4.35.33.6

6.3

6.26.74.9

6.0

5.76.84.8

4.4

4.35.03.4

7.7

7.87.8

*4.8

7.1

6.98.2

*3.5

8.3

8.77.4

*6.5

7.7

8.08.0

“4.0

8.1

8.27.8

*6.2

6.4

5.77.3

5.5

9.8

9.311.2

6.8

7.5

7.86.41.7

5.0

4.5

6.4*1 0.4

4.5

4.15.9

*6.1

5.8

5,27.3

*1 9.3

6.2

5.68.4

*8.3

4.7

4.16.4

“17.0

5.5

4.38.4

*6.9

5.1

4.7

*6.7*-

4.8

4.74.5

*21 .7

4.4

3.76.3

*1 3.7

4.3

3.75.9

*11.7

4.5

3.8*7.2

*17.5

5.5

4.8*9.6“4.0

4.1

3.46.0

*44.8

4.5

3.28.5

“3.2

4.9

4.9*5.1

*-

4.0

3.8*2.9

*89.5

7.8

7.0*11.3

*-

6.7

“6.0*9.3

*.

9.8

*8.6*15.1

*-

*7.8

*7.2*1 2.1

*.

8.0

6.9*11.7

*-

10.9

*9.1*1 5.2

*-

*6.5

‘4.9

*16.9*-

6.8

*7.2*4.5

*-

4.3

*3.5*6.O“3.6

“3.0

*2.3*4.7

*-

*5.8

*4.9*7.5

*1O,7

“6.3

*6.8*5.8

*-

“3.4

*2.6*5.2*4.6

*7,3

*7.2

*8.3*-

*3.7

82.0

“7.5*-

“3.3

“2.6“4.8“6.4

5.7

5.6*5,5“9<8

4.9

4,8*5.5*1.3

6.6

“:::“27.0

6.4

*5.9*6.3

*25.3

5.2

5,1*5.9

*.

*6,2

*6.3“4.3

*22,1

*5,1

“5.0“5<7

$.

5.6

5.6*6.2

*.

48

Table 12. Days lost from work percurrently employed pereonper year byraca, Hispanic origin, andaelacted characteristics: United States,1978-80—Con.

[Data are based on household interviews of the civilian noninatitutionalized population. The suwey design, general qualification, and information on the reliability ofthe estimates are given in appendix 1. Definitiona of terms are given in appendix 11]

Total Non-Hispanic Specified Hispaniccurrently

employed All All Mexican Puerto Cuban OtherCharacteristic population racesl White Black Hispanic2 American Rican American Hispanic

PERCEIVED HEALTH STATUSAND AGE ,,

Excellent or good Work-lose daye per currently employed person per year

Allages 17 years And over . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.1 .4.1 3.9 6.3 3.9 3.2 6.3 “3.5 4.6

17-44 yeara . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.1 4,2 3.9 6.6 3.7 3.1 5.9 *2.7 4.545-64 yeara , .,,,.,.,.. . . . . . . . . . . . ,, .,, 4.2 4.2 4.1 5.5 4.6 3.7 *8.3 *5.2 *5.265 years and over . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,0 3.0 2.9 *3.8 *4,6 *8.3 *- “3.6 *I .0

Fair or poor

Allages 17 years And over . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14.6 14.6 14.7

17-44 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... . . . . 14.5 14.6 14.345-64 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15.4 15.4 15.765 years and over . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10.3 9.7 10.2

5.0 14.0 12.5 *1 6.9 *1 5.7 17,6

6.4 12.9 10.1 “14.8 *16.1 *21 .04.4 74.7 16.1 *2 I .9 *1 6.5 *7.67.4 “40.7 *27.2 *- *- *1 62.0

Ilncl”dea other racea and unknown if Hispanic 0ri9in.Zlncludes unknown specified Hiapanic origin.Slncludes unknown family income, unknown education of family head, and unknown perceived health atatus~

NOTE Theapproptiate relative atandard errors of theeatimates inthistable arashown inappendix l, figurealXand X.

49

Table 13. Percant of persons with limitation of activity due to chronic condtiions by race, Hispanic origin, and selected characteristic: lJnitedStates, 1978-80

[Data are based on household interviews of the civilian noninatitutionalized population. The survey design, genersI qualifications, and information on the reliability ofthe estimates are given in appendix 1.Definitions of terms are given in appendix Ii]

Persons with activity limitation

.Non-Hispanic Specified Hispanic

Total All All Mexican Puerto Cuban OtherCharacteristic population racesl White Black Hispanic2 Amarican Rican American Hispanic

SEX AND AGE

Both sexes

Allagess . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Under 17 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

17-44 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .45-64 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .65 years And over . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Male

Alleges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .


Female

All ages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Under 17 yeare . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17-44 yeara . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .45-64 yeara . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .65 years and over . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .


Under $10,000

Alleges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Under 17 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .


$10,000 or more

All agea . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Undar17 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17-44 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .45-64 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

65 years and over . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .


Under 9 years

Alleges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Under 17 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .’. . . . . . . .17-44 yeara . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .45-64 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .65years andovar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

9-11 yeare

Alleges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Under 17 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17-44 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .45-64 yaars . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .65 years and over . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .


14.4

3.98.6

23.945.4

14.6

4.39.2

24.948.7

14.2

3.5

8.122.943.1

24.5

5.013.1

42.950.3

10.3

3.67.3

18.338.9

27.1

4.713.234.752.0

16.1

4.3

10.726.545.3

14.6

3.98.6

23.845.3

14.9

4.49.2

25.048.7

14.4

3.5

8.122.843.0

25.5

5.113.1

43.450.3

10.4

3.77.4

18.438.6

29.4

5.014.335.452.1

16.6

4.3

10.826.645.3

14.7

4.08.5

23.144.3

14.9

4.59.1

24.547.6

14.4

3.57.9

21.841.9

26.9

5.612.842.649.0

10.6

3.77.5

18.538.7

30.4

5.314.434.450.5

17.4

4.4

10.426.044.8

15.3

3.710.3

32.257.2

15.1

4.110.531.760.7

15.4

3.410.1

32.654.6

21.2

4.214.4

47.2

61.0

8.7

3.26.8

18.842.9

27,0

4.414.739.862.0

13.7

4.1

12.531.452.2

Percant of persons

11.1

3.48.6

24.1

47.5

‘1 0.7

3.68.6

23.149.4

11.4

3.28.5

25.045.9

15.6

4.712.736.3

50.0

7.7

2,56.1

18.043.4

13.6

3.79.5

28.849.6

10.1

3.89.8

23.644.6

9.5

3.07.4

23.5

52.4

9.3

3.47.5

21.254.0

9.6

2.57.2

25,651.0

13.0

3.89.9

31.3

54.5

6.9

2.55.8

18.547.7

11.8

3.37.6

26.451.0

7.6

*2.46.2

16.4*61 .1

14.8

6.213.929.7

52.6

13.5

5.312.926.357.7

15.9

6.815.0

33.150.0

21.0

8.221.650.5

57.5

8.0

*3.4

6.717.1

*45.5

19.8

“5.318.340.061.1

13.7

7.913.8

*33.3‘33.3

17.0

*3.5

2:::

42,1

18.5

*6.611.727.240.3

15.9

“0.87.1

20.6

43.3

26.8

*2.814.934.3

47,1

12.0

*4.4

7.118.535.0

22.5

“3.7‘13.0

27.245.6

17.5

~.,

*8.8

*34.2*40.O

10.3

2,97.2

23.6

44.4

9<7

*2,5

7,123.250<0

10.9

*3.37.3

23.9

40’9

14.7

“3.410,439.0

43,1

8,0

*2.6

6,017.044,6

14.7

“2,78,7

27,746,6

11.5

*4,59,8

27,5*35.3

50

Table 13. Parcent of persons with limitation of activity due to chronic conditions by race, Hispanic origin, and selected characteristics: UnitedStates, 1978-80—Con.

[Data are based on household interviews of the civilian noninstitutionalized population. The survey design, general qualifications, and information on tha reliability of

the estimates are given in appendix 1. Definitiona of terms are given in appendix 11]

Persons with activity limitation


Total All All Mexican Puerto Cuban OtherCharacteristic population races 1 White Black Hispanic2 American Rican American Hispanic

EDUCATION OF FAMILY HEADAND AGE—Con.

12 years or more

Alleges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Under 17 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17-44 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .45-64 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .65yeare and over . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .


Excellent or good

Alleges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Under 17 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...’..17-44 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .45-64 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .65yaars and over . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fair or poor

Alleges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Under 17 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .


10.7 10.8

3.6 3.77.6 7.6

19.3 19.338.6 38.5

8.4 8.6

2.9 2.95.9 5.9

12.9 12.931.2 31.1

55.9 56.9

25.6 26.3

37.8 38.363.3 63.776.9 77.1

11.0

3.87.6

19.138,4

8.8

3.16.1

12.9

30.4

58.6

29.1

39.264.577.3

Percent of persons

9.0 8.6 7.4

3.1 3.0 2.97.9 7.4 6.9

23.5 19.4 20.541.8 44.9 59.5

7.2 5.8

2.5 2.15.5 4,8

14.2 11.740.9 33.4

49.9 43.3

19.2 20.6

36.4 !’ 33.661.3 57.376.1 70.9

4.7

2.04.3

11.3

32.6

41.0

19.130.354.874.6

10.6

*5.611.017.9

’41.7

6.7

2.96.7

12.1

40.0

46.0

31.541.560.868.2

12.1 8.6

*4.2 2.57.4 6.4

16.7 20.636,4 46.2

9,1

*2.64.8

11.6

30.4

54.9

*33.340,758.365.1

6.2

2.04.8

13.1

34.3

41.7

*14.329.960.269,8

llncludas other racea and unknown if Hiepanic origin.Zlncludes unknown specifiad Hispanic 0ri9in.

31ncludes unknown family incoma, unknown education of family head, and unknown perceivad health status.

NOTE The appropriate relative standard errors of the estimates in this table are shown in appendix 1, figures Xl and X11.

.

.

51

Table 14. Percent of persons with limitation in major activity due to chronic condition by race, Hispanic origin, and selacted characteriatica:United States, 1978-80

[Data are baaed on household interviews of the civilian noninstitutionalized population. The survey design, general qualifications, snd information on the reliability ofthe estimates are given in appendix L Definitions of terms sre given in appendix 11]

Persons with limitation in major activity


Total All All Mexican Puerto Cuban OtherCharacteristic population racesl White Black Hispanicz American Rican American Hispanic

SEX AND AGE

Both sexes

All agesa . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Under 17 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

17-44 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .45-64 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .65years andcver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Male

Alleges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Under 17yeers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17-44 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .45-64 yesrs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .65 years and over . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Female

Alleges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .



Under $l0,000

All agea . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Under 17 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17-44 yeara . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .


$10,000 or more

All agea . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Under 17 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17-44 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .45-64 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .65yeara and over . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .


Under 9 years

Alleges . . . . . . . . .

Under 17 years . . .17-44 years. . . . . .45-64 years. . . . . .65 years and over .

9-

All ages.......,..

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

1 years

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Under 17 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .



10.8

2.15.4

18.738.8

11.1

2.35.7

20.043.8

10.5

1.8

5.217.535.4

20.1

3.19.2

37.243.2

6.9

1.74.2

13.132.9

22.8

2.710.129.645.5

12.6

2.4

7.621.538.6

11.0

2.15.4

18.638.7

11.3

2.35.7

20.043.7

10.7

1.8

5.117.435.2

20.9

3.19.2

37.643.2

7.0

1.84.2

13.132.7

24.8

2.810.930.245.6

13.0

2.47.7

21.638.5

10,.8

2.0

5.117.837.6

11!2

2.25.4

19.342.5

10.5

1.84.9

16.434.2

22.0

3.38.6

36.841.8

7.1

1.84.2

13.132.6

25.6

2.910.829.344.0

13.5

2.37.1

20.837.9

12.4

2.37.8

27.350.7

12.7

2.58.3

27.956.5

12.2

2.1

7.326.946.5

17.8

2.811.3

41.254.2

6.4

1.84.7

14.936.0

23.1

2.611.734.655.2

11.1

2.6

9.827.346.7

Percent of persons

8.3

2.0

5.619.142.4

8.1

2.15.5

19.145.9

8.5

1.9

5.719.239.9

12.2

2.98.6

31.145.0

5.3

1.43.8

13.238.9

10.8

2.16.9

23.444.9

7.5

2.5

6.818.741.5

7.1

1.85,2

18.346.5

7.0

1.95.4

16.649.2

7.2

1.7

5.019.744.1

10.3

2.17.4

26.347.8

10.8

3.79.4

24.152.6

10.0

*3.87.8

23.357.7

11.6

*3.2

10.824.850.0

16.2

5.615.6

42.157.5

13.6

*2.2

5.719.737.1

14.7

*3.86.8

24J237.7

12,7’

“0.8*4.916.7<36.7

22J3

*1.4*7.430,342.g

7.3

:::17,739.6

7.0

*1.13,8

18.448,2

7.5

“2,0

4.317,134.1

10.9

“2.35.4

34,137,5

4.9 4,9 9’5 5.2

1.5 “0.9 *2.5 *1.43.7 3.5 4.fl 3.6

14.0 13.2 16,CI 9,744.6 “45.5 28.3 41 ,f

9.5 15.6

1.8 *2.85.9 13.6

22.4 32,546.1 61.1

5.5 10.6

*1.8 *5.65.8 10.8

11.0 “28.2*55.6 *33.3

1 7,$)

*.

*9.()21.041,:!

16,8

*.

*8.8*31.6840.0

10.8

*2.7*5,120.537,9

7.2

*1.5

*5.2’21.6*29.4

52

Table 14. Percent of persons with limitation in major activity due to chronic conditions by race, Hispanic origin, and salacted characteristics:Unitad Statas, 1978-80—Con.

[Data are based on household intewiews of the civilian noninstitutionalized population. The auwey design, genersl qualifications, and information on the reliability ofthe estimates are given in appendix L Definitions of terms sre given in appendix 11]

Persons with limitation in major activity


Total All All Maxican Puerto Cuban OtherCharacteristic population racas 1 White Black Hispanic2 American Rican American Hispanic

EDUCATION OF FAMILY HEADAND AGE—Con.

12 years or more

Alleges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Under 17 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17-44 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .45-64 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .65 years and over . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .


Excellent or good

Alleges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Under 17 yeara . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17-44 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .45-64 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .65 years and over . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fair or poor

All agas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Under 17yaara . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17-44 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .45-64 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .65 years and over . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

7.3

1.84.4

14.032.1

5.4

1.33.18.4

24.6

48.3

17,629.755.670.4

,.7.3

1.84.4

14.031.9

5.5

1.33.28.4

24,5

49.3

18.130.256.070.6

7.4

1.84.3

13.831.8

5.5

1.33.18.2

23.8

51.0

20.030.556.770.7

6.7

1.95.6

19.136.5

5.3

1.53.7

10.834.3

43.3

13.229,954.269.8

Parcent of persons

5.8 4,8

1,8 1.84.2 4.3

14.3 13.238.8 45,9

3.7

1.12.67,8

28.1

36.0

14.425.648.966.5

2.9

1.02.66.8

25.0

35.0

13.824.147.970.9

6.4

“3.05.9

*13.7*41.7

4.3

‘1.43.69.7

40.0

36.1

20.531.548.568.2

9.0

*3,5*3.214.329.9

6.7

*1.4*2.4

9.325.6

47.7

*33.327.851.461”.9

6.0

81.53.6

15.943.1

3.8

*1.O2.28.5

30.3

33.2

“10.220.949.562.8

1ln~[”de~ other racea and unknown if Hispanic 0ri9in.

‘Includes unknown specified Hispanic origin.aln~l”dea unknown fami[y income, unknown eduoation of family head, and unknown perceived health status,

NOTE The appropriate relative standard errors of the estimatea in this table are ahown in appendix 1,figures Xl and XII,

53

.

Table 15. Population used in computing rates and percentages ehown in this publication by race, Hispenic origin, and aelectad characteristics:United Statea, 1978-80

[Data are baaed on household interviews of the civilian noninstitutionelized population. The survey design, general qualifications, and information on the reliability of

the eatimetea are given in appendix L Definitions of terms are given in appendix 11]


Total All All Mexican Puerto Cuban CtherCharacteristic population races 1 White Black Hispanic2 American Rican American Hispanic

SEX AND AGE

Both sexes

Allages3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Under 17 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4-16 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

17-44 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .45-64 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .65 years and over . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Male -

Alleges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .


17-44 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .45-64 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .65yeers and over . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Female

“All eges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Under 17 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4-16 years . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . .

17-44 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .45-64 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .65yeers and over . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .


Under $l0,000

Alleges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Under 17yesra . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4-16 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

17-44 yeara . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .45-64 yeers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .65yeaw and over . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$10,000 and over

All ages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .


17-44 years . . . . . . . . .’. . . . . . . . . . . .45-64 yeara . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .65 years and over . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

EDUCATION OF FAMILY HEADAND AGE “

Under 9 years

Alleges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Under 17 years . ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4-16 yaara . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

17-44 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .45-64 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .65years and over . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

9-11 years

All ages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .


17-44 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .45-64 yeara . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .65yeara and over . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

See footnotes and notes at end of teble.

215,825

58,34645,66690,67343,46623,340

104,139

29,76423,26743,98320,776

9,616

111,686

28,58222,39946,69022,69013,724

55,105

13,5279,950

19,8669,079

12,633

140,730

39,70431,63863,99029,495

7,541

36,437

7,9136,5239,5029,4599,564

31,884

9,2607,293

12,1936,8383,593

201,526

53,47742,02484,06741,39022,592

97,212

27,28521,42040,83419,795

9,297

104,315

26,19220,60543,23421,59513,295

49,909

11,6448,576

17,6008,449

12,215

133,246

37,18429,72160,32528,393

7,343

31,242

6,0705,0877,4078,5809,186

29,517

8,3406,624

11,0956,5543,528

173,481

43,83534,54672,36636,83720,443

84,091

22,44117,67535,57217,694

8,384

89,390

21,39416,87136,79419,14312,059

38,126

7,3075,321

13,3136,714

10,791

120,841

33,14926,48854,40026,317

6,976

23,959

4,0043,4295,3396,7967,820

23,611

5,9724,7668,6825,7083,248

Population in thousanda

24,863

8,6926,763

10,1734,0121,986

11,556

4,3783,3974,5101,840

829

13,307

4,3143,3665,6632,1721,158

11,069

4,1363,1183,9461,6391,348

10,332

3,4142,7534,9071,703

308

6,615

1,9301,5521,8991,6831,304

5,620

2,2691,7862,285

796270

14,298

.4,8693,6426,6062,076

748

6,927

2,4791,8483,149

981318

7,371

2,3911,7943,4561,095

429

5,196

1,8831,3732,266

630418

7,484

2,5201,9173,6651,101

198

5,195

1,8431,4362,095

879379

2,367

920669

1,098284

65

7,352

2,6531,9693,499

929271

3,653

1,348992

1,722457126

3,699

1,305977

1,777472145

2,653

979701

1,199’297178

4,077

1,4411,0962,048

52365

3,384

1,209940

1,427541206

1,270

499358607146

18

1,919

628489968266

57

927

320254449133

26

991

308235519133

32

926

355273436

9540

803

232186431129*11

681

247195279120

36

454

177132232

39*6

1,221

230185490305197

530

10685

222125

77

691

12499

268180120

410

7256

12199

119

652

136110294162

60

302

5442

1008168

143

2824573820

2,786

836607

1,382424144

1,312

436319630190

56

1,474

400288752234

88

,

923

265189463123

72

1,643

506372822259

56

572

148115254112

58

375

13396

1745117

54

Table 15. population used in computing retes and percentages shown in this publication by race, Hispanic origin, and selected characteristics:United States, 1978-80—Con.

[Data are based on household interviews of the civilian noninatitutionalized population. The suwey design, general qualification, and information on the reliability ofthe estimatea are given in appendix 1. Definiticna of terms are given in appendix 11]


Total All All Mexican Puerto Cuban OtherCharacteristic population racesl White Black Hispanic2 American Rican “Amarican Hispanic


AND AGE—Con.

12 years and over

Alleges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Under 17 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

4-16 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

17-44 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

45-64 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

65yeara and over . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

PERCEIVED HEALTH STATUS

AND AGE

Excellent or good

All ages . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Under 17 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

4-16 yeara . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

17-44 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

45-64 yeara . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

65 years and over . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fair or poor

Alleges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .


17-44 years, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .45-64 yeare . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .65 years and over . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

144,115

40,31531,14167,89726,306

9,598

187,662

55,35143,33182,51833,84015<954

27,024

2,6322,0557,8169,3827,195

138,056

38,33429,70164,756

25,5659,401

175,508

50,83739,95376,81532,35616,500

25,015

2,3061,8106,9738,8196,917

123,873

33,33325,90157,74323,820

8,976

152,602

41,943

33,07666,87629,46114,322

20,061

1,6291,265

5,2617,2035,967

Population in thousands

11,823

4,3083,2815,8031,375

337

20,079

8,001

6,2038,5462,4721,059

8

4,625

630512

1,5831,505

907

6,059

1,9811,4393,141

741196

12,154

4,5133,3785,7031,483

455

2,009

326245843562278

2,569

901638

1,410220

37

6,359

2,4881,8543,064

664144

960

152108423259127

705 700 1,805

198 143 550-159 115 392410 312 939

84 168 252*I2 77 65

1,513

55442875916535

391

7360

2009722

985

218175417225125

195

*6*5547263

2,452

784571

1,241328

99

319

4935

1349343

1ln~lude< other races and unknown if Hispanic 0ri9in.

‘Includes unkrrownapecified Hiapanic origin.31ncludes unknown family income, unknown education of family head, and unknown perceived heakhatatus.

NOTES: Theappropriate relative atandard errors of theestimatea inthistable areshown inappendix l, figurealllandlV.

Thenumber ofpersona ineachage-sex catego~ofthe total population iaadjusted tooticial Bureau of the Cenauafigures andisnot subject to sampling error.

Foroficial population estimates formore genaral use, sea Bureau of the Canausrepofla on the civilian population cfthe Unitad Statas, in Current Population Reports,

Sariss P-20, P-25, and P-60.

55

Table 16. Currently employed population used incomputing rates ofwork-loss days shown inthispublication byrace, Hispanic origin, andselacted characteristics: United Statas, 1978-80

[Data are baaed on household interviews of the civilian noninatitutionalized population. The survey design, general qualification, and information on the reliability ofthe estimates are given in appandix 1. Definitions of terms are given in appendix 11]

Total Non-Hispanic Specified Hispaniccurrently —employed All All Mexicen Puerto Cuban Other

Characteristic population races; White Black Hispanic2 American Rican American Hispanic

SEX AND AGE

Both sexes

Allages 17years andover3 . . . . . . . . . . . .

17-44 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .45-64 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .65 years and over . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Male

Allages 17years And over . . . . . . . . . . . . .


Female

Allages 17 years And over . . . . . . . . . . . . .



Under $10,000

Allsges 17 years And over . . . . . . . . . . . . .


$10,000 and over

Allages 17 years And over . . . . . . . . . . . . .

17-44 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

45-64 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .65 years and over . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .


AND AGE

Under 9 years

Allages 17ye5rs And over . . . . . . . . . . . . .

17-44 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .45-64 years, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

65 years and over, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

9-11 years

Allages 17years And over . . . . . . . . . . . . .

17-44 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .45-64 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .65years And over, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

12 years and over

Allages 17 years and over . . . . . . . . . . . . .


See footnotes and notes at end of table.

95,744

64,91827,613

3,214

55,458

36,90216,536

2,020

40,286

28,01611,076

1,194

16,688

11,5803,7711,338

71,396

48,991

20,9931,412

11,624

5,6964,898

1,031

12,578

7,8944,174

510

70,585

50,83918,125

1,620

90,582

60,92026,509

3,152

52,368

34,53315,858

1,977

38,21 k

26,38710,652

1,175.

15,231

10,4073,5161,307

68,098

46,44320,265

1,390

9,897

4,4744,429

994

11,805

7,2764,023

506

68,016

46,74217,671

1,603

Currently employed population in thousands

79,985

53,44923,684

2,852

46,849

30,71014,334

1,805

33,136

22,739

9,3501,047

12,222

8,3582,7301,133

61,897

41,90818,676

1,313

7,730

3,4153,491

824

9,923

5,9713,495

457

61,697

43,74016,427

1,530

9,183

6,4392,463

281

4,711

3,2431,308

160

4,472

3,1961,155

121

2,789

1,888734167

5,150

3,7691,314

67

2,017

965

887

165

1,772

1,229494

49

5,188

4,151978

59

5,163

3,9971,103

62

3,090

2,369679

43

2.073

,629425

20

,458

1,172255

31

3,298

2,548728

23

1,727

1,221469

37

773

618151

*3

2,569

2,097454

18

2,894

2,300561

32

1,803

1,416367

21

1,090

885194*I1

832

682131

20

1,835

1,465363

*8

1,196

872299

25

472

380

91*1

1,178

1,014159

‘4

552

441109

“2

342

26972*2

209

17237*-

176

15124*1

340

26278*-

163

11449*1

127

107

18*1

253

21340*-

401

261130

*9

219

14171*7

182

12159*3

96

5638“3

268

18082*7

98

55

39*4

35

24*11*-

262

17978*5

1,2T3

923272

18

662

5(01149*I2

550

442122

“6

325

26157“7

801

E03190

*8

:!42

‘163

71

*8

124

9727*I

B28

552167

*9

56

Table 16. Currantly employed population used in computing rates of work-loss daya shown in this publication by rata, Hispanic origin, andsalected characteristics: United States, 1978-80—Con. ‘.

[Data are based on housshold interviewa of the civilian noninstitutionalized population. The survey design, general qualifkationa, and information on the reliability ofthe eatimatea are given in appendix 1. Definitions of terms are given in appendix 1!]

Total Non-Hispanic Specified Hispanic

fcurrently

employed All All Mexican Puerto Cuban OtherCharacteristic population races~ White Black Hispanic2 American Rican American Hispanic


Excellent or good Currently employed population in thousands

Allagas 17 years And over . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86,899 82,305 73,329 7,685 4,594 2,560 468 371 1,105

17-44 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60,441 56,821 50,204 5,6.57 3,620 2,078 381 243 85545-64 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23,792 22,871 20,72865 years and over . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,665 2,613 2,398

Fair or poor

Allages 17 years And over . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8,520 7,975 6,401

17-44 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,292 3,935 3,10145-64 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,695 3,517 2,86065 years and over . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 533 523 441

,830 921 459 85 119 234197 52 23 “2 *9 16

,458 545 323 81 27 103

765 357 213 57 16 65611 178 101 24 *lo 37

82 *lo *9 *- *-*1

1includes other racas and unknown if Hispanic 0ri9ifl.

‘Includes unknown specified Hispanic origin,

31ncludea unknown family income, unknown education of family head, and unknown perceived health atatus.

NOTES: Thaappropfiate relstive atandard erroraofthe estimatea inthistable areahown inappsndi$ l, figures lllandlV,

Forofflcial population estimates formore genaraluae, aee Bureau of the Census reporra on the civilian population of the United Statea, in Current Population Reports,Sedea P-20, P-25, and P-60; and Bureau of Labor Statiatica monthly repom, Employment and Earnings.

8

57

Tabla 17. Population usadincomputing acute condition rates shown intMspublication by race, Hispanic origin, andaelactad characteristics:United States, 1979-80

[Data are baaed on household intewiewa of the civilian noninatitutionalized population. The survey design, general qualifications, and information on fhe reliability ofthe estimates are given in appendix 1.Definitiona of terms are given in appendix 11]


Total All All Mexican Puerto Cuban OtherCharacteristic population racesq White Black Hispanic2 American Rican Amarican Hispanic

SEX AND AGE

Both sexes

Allages3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Under 17 yaars . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .“Under 6 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6-16 yeara . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

17-44 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .45 years and over . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

45-64 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .65 years and over . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Male

Alleges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Under 17 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .i7-44 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .45 years and over . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Female

Alleges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Under 17 yeara . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17-44 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .45 years and over . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .


Under $10,000

All ages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Under 17 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17-44 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

45years and over . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$10,000 and over

All ages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Under 17 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17-44 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .45 years and over . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .


AND AGE

Under 9 years

All ages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Under 17 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

17-44 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .45 years and over . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

9-11 years

Alleges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Under 17 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17-44 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .45 years and over . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

12 years and over

All ages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Under 17 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17-44 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

45 years and over . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

216,822

58,01218,85639,15791,69767,11343,49523,618

104,619

29,59744,498

30,524

112,202

28,41547,19836,589

52,645

12,67118,998

20,976

144,537

40,29565,95038,292

36,043

7,634

9,48218,928

31,755

9,04212,25910,454

145,799

40,51568,910

36,374

201,936

52,97217,01235,95984,75764,20841,36322,845

97,362

27,03041.146

29;186

04,574

25,94243,61135,021

47,622

10,878‘16,79819,946

136,374

37,53561,92736,912

30,737

5,7737,30817,655

29,252

8,06611,09510,091

139,412

38,42965,592

35,391

173,735

43,35613,78129,57572,90957,47036,78820,682

84,162

22,20135,80726,154

89,573

21,15537,10231,316

36,330

6,77012,66116,899

123,283

33,24855,70234,332

23,627

3,794

5,26614,567

23,350

5,7628,6598,930

124,859

33,29058.41833;’


24,836

8,6062,8775,73010,246

5,9843,9911,993

11,581

4,3494,5642,668

13,256

4,2585,6823,316

10,552

3,9023,7812,870

10,875

3,6105,1552,111

6,594

1,8301,8452,919

5,595

2,2002,2991,097

12,087

4,4085.933

50 1;746

14,886

5,0411,8443,1976,9402,9052,132

773

7,258

2,5683,3521,338

7,628

2,4733,5881,568

5,023

1,7932,2001,030

8,163

2,7604,0231,380

5,307

1,8612,1731,273

2,502

9761,164

363

6,387

2,0863,318

983

7,881

2,9071,1041,8033,7111,263

958304

3,945

1,4761,853

616

3,936

1,4301,858

647

2,651

1,0061,181

464

4,582

1,6492,278

654

3,627

1,3371,510

780

1,401

555

176

2,733

9741,480

279

1,982

669231439995318264

54

966

345464157

1,016

324530161

882

343410129

903

285476142

668

238277153

482

204237

41

752

226429

97

1,293

24965

183525520318202

568

116245207

725

133280313

416

76117222

684

144310231

308

6099

149

156

385761

2,956

939340599

1,449568429139

1,404

495659250

1,552

444790

939

282468189

1,790

583884324

573

148265160

381

142170

68

760 1,970

150 644349 999261 327

See footnotes and notes at end of table.

58

Tabla 17. Population used in computing acute condition ratea shown in this publication by race, Hispanic origin, and selectad characteristic:United States, 1979-80—Con.

[Data are based on household interviews of the civilian noninstitutionalized population. The survey design, general qualification, and information on the reliability of

the estimates are given in appendix I. Definitions of terms are given in appendix II]


Total All All Mexican Puerto Cuban Other

Characteristic population races~ White Black Hispanic2 American Rican American Hispanic

PERCEIVED HEALTH STATUS

AND AGE

Excallent or good

Alleges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Under 17yaars . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17-44 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

45 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fak or poor

All agea . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Under 17 yeara . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

17-44 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

45 years and over . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

188,331

55,04983,389

49,893

27,341

2,636

7,94416,760

175,778

=50,37077,400

47,948

25,233

2,3007,071

15,862

152,634

41,46167,326

43,844

20,308

1,660

5,35413,294


20,086 12,613 6,813 1,543 1,021 2,613

7,9;2 4,679 2,722 590 235 880

8,609 5,988 3,250 778 435 1,311

3,516 1,946 841 176 350 422

4,587 2,108 1,035 420 214 324

586 337 172 79 “7 55

1,590 873 448 205 61 1302,411 898 415 137 145 140

Ilncludes other races and unknown if Hiapaniccwigin.

Zlncl”des unknown specified Hispanic origin.qlnclude~ unknown familY income, unknown education of family head, and unknown perceived health StatUS.

NOTES: Theappropriate relative standard errors of theestimates inthistable areahown inappendix l, figures lllandlV.

The number of persons in each age-aex catego~ of the tctal population is adjusted to official Bureau of the Census figures and is not subject to sampling error.

For official population estimates for more general use, see Bureau of the Census reports on the civilian population of tha United Statea, in Current POpu/atiOrr ~ep~~s.

Seriaa P-20, P-25, and P-60.

59

Appendixes

D

Contents

I.

II.

III.

Technical notes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61Background of this report . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61Statistical design of NHIS.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61General qualifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62Reliability of estimates. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . 63

Definitions ofterrns . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77Terms relating to conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77Terms relating todisability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77Terms relating to hospitalization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78Terms relating todental visits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79Terms relating tophysician visits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79Demographic andotherterrns. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79

Questionnaireitems andflashcardsused inthesurvey . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81Disability day questions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . , . . . 81Physicianvisitquestions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82Dental visit questions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83Health status question . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .* . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ,. 83Activity limitation questions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . , . . . . . 84Hospitalprobe questions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85Detailedhospitalization questions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85Detailed condition questions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86Family income, education, andcurrent employmentstatus questions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87Hispanic originquestion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . #, 88

List ofappendix figures

I.11.III.IV.v.VI.VII.VIII.IX.

x.

XI.Xn.

Relativestandardemors fornumberofphysician ordentalvisitsbased ona2-weekreference periodfornon-Hispanics ,.,.Relative standard errors fornumber ofphysicianordental visits basedona2-week reference period for Hispanics . . .Relative standard errors forpopulation characteristics fornon-Hispanics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Relative standard errors forpopulation characteristics for Hispanics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . , . . . . , . . . . .Relative standard errors forshoti-stay hospital days based on a12-month reference periodfornon-Hispanics . . . . . . .Relative standard errors forshort-stay hospital days based on a12-month reference periodforHispanics . . . . . . . . . . .Relative standard errors fornumber ofacute conditions orpersons injured fornon-Hispanics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Relative standard errors fornumber ofacute conditions orpersons injured forHispanics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Relative standard errors for days of restricted activity or bed disability (A) and for days lost from work or school (B)fornon-Hispanics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Relative standard errors for days of restricted activity or bed disability (A) and for days lost from work or school (B)forHispanics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Relative standard errors of percent of population characteristics for non-Hispanics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Relative standard errors ofpercent ofpopulationcharacteristics forHispanics.. . . . . . . . . . ..’ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

6566676869707172

73

747576

,

60

Appendix 1Technical notes

Background of this report

This report is one of a series of statistical reports preparedby the National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS). It isbased on information collected in a continuing nationwidesample of households in the National Health Interview Survey(NHIS).

NHIS utilizes a questionnaire that obtains information onpersonal and demographic characteristics, illnesses, injuries,impairments, chronic conditions, and other health topics. Asdata relating to each of these various broad topics are tabulatedand analyzed, separate reports are issued that cover one ormore of the specific topics.

The population covered by the sample for NHIS is thecivilian noninstitutionalized population of the United Statesliving at the time of the interview. The sample does not includemembers of the Armed Forces or U.S. nationals living in foreigncountries. It should also be noted that the estimates shown donot represent a complete measure of any given topic during thespecified calendar period because data are not collected in theinterview for persons who died during the reference ‘period.Formany types of statistics collected jn the survey, the referenceperiod covers the 2 weeks prior to the interview week. For sucha short period, the contribution by decedents to a total inventoryof conditions or services should be very small. However, thecontribution by decedents during a long reference period (forexample, 1 year) might be sizable, especially for older persons.

Statistical design of NHIS

General plan

The sampling plan of the survey follows a multistageprobability design that permits a continuous sampling of thecivilian noninstitutionalized population of the United States.The sample is designed in such away that the sample of house-holds interviewed each week is representative of the targetpopulation and that weekly samples are additive over time.This feature of the design permits both continuous measure-ment of characteristics of samples and more detailed analysisof less common characteristics and smaller categories of health-related items. The continuous collection has administrativeand operational advantages as well as technical assets becauseit permits fieldwork to be handled with an experienced, stablestaff.

The overall sample was designed so that tabulations canbe provided for each of the four major geographic regions andfor selected places of residence in the United States.

The first stage of the sample design consists of drawing asample of 376 primary sampling units (P SU’S) from approx-imately 1,900 geographically defined PSU’S. A PSU consistsof a county, a small group of contiguous counties, or a standardmetropolitan statistical area. The PSU’S collectively cover the50 States and the District of Columbia.

With no loss in general understanding, the remaining stagescan be combined and treated in this discussion as an ultimatestage. Within PSU’S, then, ultimate stage units called segmentsare defined in such a reamer that each segment coritains anexpected four households. Three general types of segments areused.

● Area segments, which are defined geographically.. List segments, using 1970 census registers as the frame.. Permit segments, using updated lists of building permits

issued in sample PSU’S since 1970.

Census address listings were used for all areas of the countrywhere addresses were well defined and could be used to locatehousing units. In general, the list frame included the larger u}banareas of the United States from which about two-thirds of theNHIS sample was selected.

The usual NHIS sample consists of approximately 12,000segments containing about 50,000 assigned households, ofwhich 9,000 were vacant, demolished, or occupied by personsnot in the scope of the survey. The 41,000 eligible occupiedhouseholds yield a probability sample of about 110,000 persons.

During 1978, 1979, and 1980 the sample comprised about122,000 eligible occupied households of which about 118,000were interviewed. The interviewed households contained about323,000 persons living at the time of the interview. The totalnoninterview rate was 3.4 percent, of which 1.9 percent wasdue to respondent refusal.

Descriptive material on data collection, field procedures,and questionnaire development in the NHIS have been pub-1ishedj5$as well as a detailed description of the sample designand the estimation procedure.”s

Collection of data

Field operations for the survey are performed by the U.S.Bureau of the Census under specifications established byNCHS. In accordance with these specifications the Bureau ofthe Census participates in survey planning, selects the sample,

NOTE: A list of references follows the text,

61

and conducts the field interviewing as an agent of NCHS. Thedata are coded, edited, and tabulated by NCHS.

Estimating procedures

Because the design of NHIS is a complex multistageprobability sample, it is necessary to use complex proceduresin the derivation of estimates. Four basic operations are in-volved.

1.

2,

3.

4.

Injlation by the reciprocal of the probability of selection—The probability of selection is the product of the probabili-ties of selection from each step of selection in the design(PSU, segment, and household).Nonresponse adjustment—The estimates are inflated by amultiplication factor that has as its numerator the numberof sample households in a given segment and as its de-nominator the number of households interviewed in thatsegment.First-stage ratio adjustment—Sampling theory indicatesthat the use of auxiliary information that is highly correlatedwith the variables being estimated improves the reliabilityof the estimates. To reduce the variability between PSU’Swithin a region, the estimates are ratio adjusted to the1970 populations within 12 race-residence classes.PoststratlXcation by age-sex-race—The estimates are ratioadjusted within each of 60 “age-sex’race cells to an inde-pendent estimate of the population of each cell for the sur-vey period. These independent estimates are prepared bythe Bureau of the Census. Both the first-stage and post-stratified ratio adjustments take the form of multiplicationfactors applied to the weight of each elementary unit (per-son, household, condhion, and hospitalization).

The effect of the ratio-estimating process is to make thesample more closely representative of the civilian noninstitu-tionalized population by age, sex, race, and residence, whichthereby reduces sampling variance.

As noted, each week’s sample represents the populationliving during that week and characteristics of the population.Consolidation of samples over a time period, for example, acalendar quarter, produces estimates of average characteristicsof the U.S. population for the calendar quarter. Similarly, pop-ulation data for a year are averages of the four quarterly figures.

For prevalence statistics, such as number of persons classi-fied by time interval since last physician visit, figures are firstcalculated for each calendar quarter by averaging estimates forall weeks of interviewing in the quarter. Prevalence data for ayear are then obtained by averaging the four quarterly figures.Similarly an estimate for 3 years is obtained by averaging 12quarterly figures.

For other types of statistics-namely those measuring thenumber of occurrences during a specified time period-such asincidence of acute condhions, number of disability days, ornumber of visits to a doctor or dentist, a similar computationalprocedure is used, but the statistics are interpreted dtierently.For these items, the questionnaire asks for the respondent’sexperience over the 2 calendar weeks prior to the week of inter-view. In such instances the estimated quarterly total for thestatistic is 6.5 times the average 2-week estimate produced by

62

the 13 successive samples taken during the period. The annualtotal is the sum of the four quarters. Thus the experience ofpersons interviewed during a year—experience that actuallyoccurred for each person in a 2-calendar-week interval prio’rtoweek of interview-is treated as though it measured the total ofsuch experience during the year. Such interpretation leads tono significant bias.

Explanation of hospital recall

The survey questionnaire uses a 12-month-recall periodfor hospitalizations. That is, the respondent is asked to reporthospitalizations that occurred during the 12 months prior to theweek of interview. Information is also obtained as to the date ofentry into the hospital and duration of stay. Analysis of thisinformation, and also the results of special studies, has shownthat there is an increase in underreporting of hospitalizationswith increase in time interval between the discharge and theinterview. Exclusive of the hospital experience of decedents,the net underreporting with a 12-month recall is in the neigh-borhood of 10 percent, but underreporting of discharges within6 months of the week of interview is estimated to be less than5 percent. For this reason hospital discharge data are based onhospital discharges reported to have occurred within 6 monthsof the week of interview. Because the interviews were evenlydistributed according to weekly probability samples throughoutany interviewing year, no seasonal bias was introduced bydoubling the 6-month-recall data to produce an annual esthnatefor that year of interviewing. Doubling the 6-month data ineffect imputes to the entire year preceding the interview therate of hospital discharges actually observed during the 6 monthsprior to interview. However, estimates of the number of personswith hospital episodes (as opposed to estimates of the numberof hospital discharges) are based on 12-month-recall data be-cause a person’s 12-month experiences cannot be obtained bydoubling his most recent 6-month experience.

General qualifications

Combining data years

When 3 years of data are used, as in this report, the sum ofthe annual estimates is divided by 3 to obtain an average annualestimate for the statistic.

Nonresponse

Data were adjusted for nonresponse by a procedure thatimputes to persons in a household who were not interviewedthe characteristics of persons in households in the same?seg-ment who were interviewed.

The interview process

The statistics presented in this report are based on repliesobtained in interviews with persons in the sample households.Each person 19 years of age and over present at the time of theinterview was interviewed individually. For children and foradults not present in the home at the time of the interview, theinformation was obtained from a related household membersuch as a spouse or the mother of a child.

Rounding of numbers

The original tabulations on which the data in this reportare based show all estimates to the nearest whole unit. Allconsolidations were made from the original tabulations usingthe estimates to the nearest unit. In the final published tables,the figures are rounded to the nearest thousand, although theyare not necessarily accurate to that detail. Devised statisticssuch as rates and percent distributions are computed after theestimates on which these are based have been rounded to thenearest thousand.

Population figures

Some of the published tables include population figures forspecified categories. Except for certain overall totals by age,sex, and race, which are adjusted to independent estimates,these figures are based on the sample of households in NHIS.These are given primarily to provide denominators for ratecomputation, and for this purpose are more appropriate for usewith the accompanying measures of health characteristics thanother population data that may be available. With the excep-tion of the overall totals by age, sex, and race mentioned above,the population figures differ from figures (derived from differentsources) published in reports of the Bureau of the Census. Of-ficial population estimates are presented in Bureau of theCensus reports in Series P–20, P–25, and P–60.

Reliability of estimates

Because the statistics presented in this report are based ona sample, they will differ somewhat from the figures that wouldhave been obtained if a complete census had been taken usingthe same schedules, instructions, and interviewing personneland procedures.

As in any survey, the results are also subject to reportingand processing errors and errors due to nonresponse. To the“extent possible, these types of errors were kept to-a minimumby methods built into survey procedures.g Although it is verydifficult to measure the extent of bias in the National HealthInterview Survey, a number of studies have been conducted tostudy this problem. The results have been published in severalreports.’0-13

The standard error is primarily a measure of samplingvariability, that is, the variations that might occur by chancebecause only a sample of the population is surveyed. As cal-culated for this report, the standard error also reflects part ofthe variation that arises in the measurement process. It doesnot include estimates of any biases that might be in the data.The chances are about 68 out of 100 that an estimate from thesample would differ from a complete census by less than thestandard error. The chances are about 95 out of 100 that thedifference would be less than twice the standard error and about99 out of 100 that it would be less than 2% times as large. Thestandard errors shown in this report were computed using abalanced half-sample replication procedure.

NOTE: A list of references foIlowsthe text.

Standard error charts

The relative standard error of an estimate is obtained bydividing the standard error of the estimate by the estimate itselfand is expressed as a percent of the estimate. For this report,asterisks are shown for any cell with more than a 30-percentrelative standard error. Included in this appendix are chartsfrom which ,tie relative standard errors can be determined forestimates shown in the report. To derive relative errors thatwould be applicable to a wide variety of health statistics and,which could be prepared at a moderate cost, a number of ap-proximations were required. As a result, the charts provide an’estimate of the approximate relative standard error rather thanthe precise error for any specific aggregate or percentage.

“Three classes of statistics for the health survey are identi-fied for purposes of estimating variances.

1.

2.

3.

Narrow range—This class consists of (1) statistics thatestimate a population attribute; for example, the numberof persons in a particular income group, and (2) statisticsfor which the measure for a single individual during thereference period used in data collection is usually either Oto 1 and, on occasion, may take on the value 2 or veryrarely 3; for example, the number of acute conditions.Medium range—This class consists of other statistics forwhich the measure for a single individual during the refer-ence period used in data collection will rarely lie outsidethe range O to 5; for example, the number of visits to adentist.Wide range—This class consists of statistics for which themeasure for a single individual during the reference periodused in data collection can range from O to a number inexcess of 5; for example, the number of days of bed dis-ability.

In addition to classifying variables according to whetherthey are narrow-, medium-, or wide-range, statistics in the sur-vey are further classified as to whether they are based on areference period of 2 weeks, 6 months, or 12 months.

General rules for determining relative

standard errors

The following rules will enable the reader to determineapproximate relative standard errors from the charts for esti-mates presented in this report. Theie charts represent standarderrors of NHIS data. They should be used in preference to thecharts that have appeared in all previous Series 10 publications.

Rule 1.

Rule 2.

Estimates of aggregates: Approximate relative stand-ard errors for estimates of aggregates, such as thenumber of persons with a given characteristic, are ob-tained from appropriate curves (figures I–X). Thenumber of persons in the total U.S. population or in anage-sex-race class of the total population is adjusted toofticial Bureau of the Census figures and is not subjectto sampling error.Es~imates ofpercents in a percent distribution: Rela-tive standard errors for percents in a percent distribut-ion of a total are obtained from appropriate curves

63

(figures XI and XII). For values that do not fall onone of the curves presented in the chart, visual interpo-lation will provide a satisfactory approximation.

Rule 3. Estimates of rates where the numerator is a subclassof the denominator: This rule applies for prevalencerates or where a unit of the numerator occurs, with fewexceptions, only once in the year for any one unit inthe denominator. For example, in computing the rateof visual impairments per 1,000 population, the nu-merator consisting of persons with the impairment is asubclass of the denominator, which includes all personsin the population. Such rates, if converted to rates per100, may be treated as though they were percents andthe relative standard errors obtained fro’mthe percentcharts for population estimates. Rates per 1,000, or onany other base, must fust be converted to rates per100; then the percent chart will provide the relativestandard error per 100.

Rule 4. Estimates of rates where the numerator is not a sub-class of the denominator: This rule applies where aunit of the numerator often occurs more than once for@y one unit in the denominator. For example, in thecomputation of the number of persons injured per 100currently employed persons per year, it is possible thata person in the denominator could have sustainedmore than one of the injuries included in the numerator.Approximate relative standard errors for rates of thiskind may be computed as follows:a. Where the denominator is the total U.S. population

or includes all persons in one or more of the age-sex-race groups of the total population, the relativeerror of the rate is equivalent to the relative error

of the numerator, which can be obtairmd directlyfrom the appropriate chart.

b. In other cases the relative standard ewor of thenumerator and of the denominator can be obtainedfrom the appropriate curve. Square each of theserelative errors, add the resulting values, and ex-tract the square root of the sum. This ]orocedurewill result in an upper bound on the standard errorand will overstate the error to the extent that thecorrelation between numerator and denominatoris greater than zero.

Rule 5. Estimates of dl~erence between two statistics (mean,rate, total, and so forth): The standard error of a dif-ference is approximately the square root of the sum ofthe squares of each standard error considered sepa-rately. A formula for the standard error of a difference,

d= X1– X2

is

Ui= /(x,~x.)2 + (x2~x2)2

where Xl is the estimate for class 1, Xz is the estimatefor class 2, and VX1and VX2are the relative errors ofXl and X2, respectively. This formula will representthe actual standard error quite accurately for the dif-ference between separate and uncorrelated characteri-stics although it is only a rough approximation in mostother cases. The relative standard error of each esti-mate involved in such a difference can be determinedby one of the four previous rules, whichever is appro-priate.

64

100

::706050

40

30

50

40

30

20

65

4

3

2

0.:0.80.70.60.5

0.4

0.3

0.2

0.1

20

10

5

4

3

2

:.90.80.70.60.5

0.4

0.3 ‘

0.2

0.1A 2 3 456789A 2 3 456789A 2 3 456789A 2 3 4 56789A 2 3 4 56789A10 100 1,000 10,000 100,000 1,000,000

Size of estimata (in thousands)

lThis curve represents estimates of relative stsndard errors baaed on 12 quarters of data collection for medium-range eatimatea of aggregataa using a 2-week reference period.

EXAMPLE OF USE OF CHART: An estimate of 10,000,000 dental visits (on scale at bottom of chart) haa a reiativa standard error of 6 percent (read from acala at left sid~ of chart), or a standard error of

600,000 (6 percent of 10,000,000).

—.0)Ur Figure 1. Relative standard errors for number of physician or dental vieits based on a 2-week raference period for non-Hispanicsl

.

0)m

u&

-0cm%

1cm9080706050

40

30

20

1:

8765

4

3

2

1

~:;

0:60.5

0,4

0.3

0.2

0,1

10090

%6050

40

30

20

1098765

4

3

2

:,9

::;0,60..5

0.4

0,3

0.2

0.1A 2 3 456789A 2 3 456789A 2 3 4 56789A 2 3 456789A 2 3 456789A

10 100 1,000 10,000 100,000 1,000,000

Size of estimate (in thousands)

lThi~ ~uwe ~epre~ent~ ~~timate~ of relative standard errOrs based on 12 quarters of data collection for medium-range estimatea of aggregate using a 2-week refarenG3 period.

EXAMPLE OF USE OF CHART An estimate of 10,000,000 dental visits (on scale at bottom of chart) hss a relative standard error of 6.5 percent (read from scale at left aide of chart), or a standard error of

650,000 (6.5 percant of 10,000,000).

Figure Il. Relative standard errors for number of physician or dental visits based on a 2-week reference period for Hispanicsl

.

m

1009080706050

40

30

20

1098765

4

3

2

0.;0.80.70.60.5

0.4

0.3

0.2

0.1

1009080706050

40

30

20

1098765

4

3

2

;.90.80.70.60.5

0.4

0.3

0.2

0.1A 2 3 466789A 2 3 456789A 2 3 4 56789A 2 3 456789A 2 3 456789A

70 100 1,000 10,000 100,000 1,000,000


lThis curve represents estimates of relstive standard errors based on 12 quarters of data collection for narrow-range estimates of population characteristics or narrow-range estimates using a 12-month

reference period.

EXAMPLE OF USE OF CHART: An estimate of 1,000,000 parsons with an antkal family income of less than $10,000 (on scale at bottom of chart] has a relative standard error of 3.8 percent (read from scale

at left side of chart), or a standard error of 38,000 (3.8 percent of 1,000,000).

m4 Figure Ill. Relative standard errors for population characteristics for non-Hispanicsl

mm

.

100 LJu , ,,8 , ,

90 , , , ! , II I 1 , I [ ,4, ,8

. MJ,, r 1 , , , , , I

50II I 1 I I I I I I I 1111111111 I I I I I I I I In-l Ill

II II 1 i 1 1 I 111111111 ! I I 1 1 1 1 t 1 1 I 1! 11111

40 I II I I I 1111111111111 I30 ‘.

I

I 1\ I I I I I I 111111111111 I

“

5

4

3

2

I I I I I I II1111

I I ! I I1!11! it= =!=

20

1:

87G

0.:

::;0.60.5

, , ,,I I I I I Illllllllliitt

0.4

0,3

0.2

0.1

50

40

30

20

7098765

4

3

2

1

0,5

0.4

0.3

0.2

0.1

A 2 3 4 56789A 2 3 45 f3789A 2 3 4 56789A. 2 3 456789A 2 3 456789A

10 100 1,000 10,000 100,000 1,000,000

Size of estimete (in thousands)

lThiS curve represents estimates of relative stsndard errqrs based on 12 quarters of data collection for narrow-range estimates of population characteristics or narrOw-ran9e estimates using a 1 z-month

reference period.

EXAMPLEOF USE OF CHART An estimate of 1,000,000 persons with ~“nual family income of leSS than $10,000 (on ~cale at bottom of chart) has a relative standard error of 6,0 percent (read from scale at left

side of chart), or a standard error ot tW,UWU 16.u percem of T,UUU,UUU].-------

Figure IV. Relative standard errors for population characteristics for Hiapanicsl

.

A 2 3 456789A 2 3 456789A 2 3 4 56789A 2 3 4 56789A 2 3 456789A

10 100 7,000 10,000 100,000 7,000,000


l.This curve represents estimates of relative standsrd errors based on 12 quarters of date collection for wide-range estimates of aggregates using a 12-month reference period.

EXAMPLE OF USE OF CHAR~ An estimate of 1,000,000 days of hospitalization in the psst year (on scale et bottom of chart) hss a relative standard error of 15.1 percent (resd from scale at left side of chart),

or a atandsrd error of 151,000 (1 5.1 percent of 1,000,000),

“,CD Figure V. Relative standard errors for short-stay hospital dsys basad on a 12-month reference period for non-H ispanicsl

.

*

100

%706050

40

30

20

! ! I

, , 1I

I I 1

H!!!!!ll, , ,, , I r

1 I 1 1 II[ I Itll

H5 t 1Illp.1L._

4

3 7—

1009080706050

40

30

20

1098765

4

3L ,, I.u

2 - 2

10.90.80.70.60.5

0.4

I 1 I I I I I I I 11111 I

I I I I I 111111111 I I I I I I

II I 1111111~

0.3

0.2

0.1

0.5

0.4

0.3

0.2

0.1

A 2 3 456789A 2 3 456789A 2 3 456789A 2 3 4 56789A 2 3 456789A

10 100 1,000 10,000 100,000 1,000,000


lThis curve represents estimates of mlstive stsndard errors based on 12 quarters of data collection for wide-range estimates of aggregates using a 12-month reference period.

.-”... ”,,- ,-.~ ,,~~ ~= -U AQT. A.. _.:_... -~ , C.M rmn A.... ..* I....,,1:.A~~A~~ ;“ +k~ ~.=t U~W !Qn SCa15 at hqrmm “f char-t) has a cefativq starrrfwd. erWC qf 2rM percent (read from scale at left side of chart,-1”1, &l. “r ueb “, “., -! (,. . . . “C..,,,, ”.” “! , ,”..”,””” ““, - -, ..--F ..-. .._- . . . . . . . . . . . . ---. . . .

or a standard error of 205,000 (20.5 percent of 1,000,000).

-.. .. . . .. . . .Figure V1. Iielatwe standard errors for short-stay hospital days based on a 12-month reference period for Hispanics!

.

10090

%6050

40

30

20

1098765

4

3

0

1 I ! 1 1 1 1 1111111 1 1 I 1 1 1 1 1 I 1 Ilrlll!l 1

I 111111 !111111 I I I I I 1111111111111 I

I , I

I I Iiiiilllili I I I I I Illtliliill I

I I I I 1111111111 \ I I I I I I I 11111111111 I

1 I 1 1 1 I I Ill

\

L \

I I i i i{ihiiilliii I I 11111111111Iii Hlllllllml

0.;0.80.70.60.5

0.4

0.3

0.2

0.1

1009080706050

40

30

20

10

:765

4

3

2

&90.8

M0.5

0.4

0.3

0.2

0.1

A 2 3 456789A 2 3 456789A 2 3 456789A 2 3 456789A 2 3 456789A

10 100 1,000 10,000 100,000 . 1,000,000

Size of estimete (h thousands)

lThis curve represents estimates of reletive standard errors based on 8 quarters of data collection for narrow-range estimates of aggregatea using a 2-week reference period.

EXAMPLE OF USE OF CHARfi An estimate of 1,000,000 acute respiratory conditions (on scale at bottom of chart) has a relative standard error of 17.9 percent (resd from scale at left sida of chart), or a

standard error of 179,000 (1 7.9 percent of 1,000,000).

4 Figure WI. Reletive standsrd errors for number of acute conditions or persons injured for non-Hispanicsl

.

10090

100

8070

g

6050

6050

40 40

30 30

20 - 20

109

;65

4

3

2

1I r-l!!!!! u-r!!!! , , , , 1 , , 1 , 1111$1 ) 1 1 1 1 I 1 1 1 ! 1 111! 111 1 I 1 I ILLLLLL-LLLI I I I

0,90.80,70.60,5

0.4

0.3

0.2

0.1

1098765

4

3

2

0,5

0.4

0.3

0.2

0.1A 2 3 456789A 2 3 4 56789A 2 3 456789A 2 3 456789A 2 3 4 56789A

10 100 1.000 10,000 100,000 1.000,000


Irk:. . ... .----------- . . . ..._-+-- ~. --,-.,.. -.! (,0 bu, .” ,oplgQ”,i.. ee....sg.-s “, lgca,t.e sta,-,ddf.~ gr,~[~ fi~~~~ ~1-,s ~uafieis of tia~~ coliecti~r( fc? fiaiir,-...iafi~a SStim61as ~f a~~ia~~las .u.Si~~G- .. . . .. . -.-.-..”. ~------‘1 ,.. --.L . ..4-.’... ”.3 “-,;*A

EXAMPLE OF USE OF CHART. An estimate of 1,000,000 acute [e~piratoq conditions (on SCaIeat bottom of chart) has a relative atandara error of 18.6 percent (read from scale F3tleft aide of chart). or astandard error of 188,000 [1 8,6 percent of 1,000,000).

Figure VII]. Relative standard errors for number of acute conditions or persons injured for Hispanicsl

-H I 1 I I I 1 I I I 111111111 I

I I 111111111111 I I I l-l I

U..J , , 1 , 1 1 1 1 { 1 1 11111

I I 1111111111111 I I I I I 1111111111111 I I i I l\

I0.2

0.1

6050

40

30

20

1098765

4

3

2

$90.80.70.60:5

0.4

0.3

0.2

0.1A 2 3 456789A 2 3 456789A 2 3 456789A 2 3 456789A 2 3 456789A

100 1“,000 10,000 100,000 1~ooo,ooo 10,000,000


lThese curves represent estimstes of relstive stsndard errors based on 12 quartera of data collection for wide-range estimates of aggregatea using a 2-week reference period.

EXAMPLE OF USE OF CHART An estimate of 10,000,000 days of restricted activity (on scale at bottom of chart) has a relative standard error of 13.6 percent (resd from curve A on scale st left side of chart),

or a standerd error of 1,360,000 (1 3.6 percent of 10,000,000).

: Figure IX. Relative standard errors for days of restricted activity or bed disability (A) and for days lost from work or school (L?)for non-Hispanicsl

10090 ~ {.~,;:~;:: ;:: : ; : ~ qf’’——~

1-.Hi-Hi-H,~ ,;, ! ,80 . I , 1t, 1 1

70 I 1 ! I I 1 1II II , I [ 1 1iI L- 1 1 I 1111 1

60 . I I I. I I+/?- ~-- ,,+ ;, j,, I I. . Iql I

I I I I I I I t 1111 1111I I I I I ! { I 1 I 111111~% I I I I I I I I 11111111[ I

. I

50 I I I I I I I

40 I 1 I 1 Ill

, , ,,, ,! ( ! I I , , ! I , I I

I I I I 111111111111 I I lllllltHt-1111111111111 I I I 1111111111111I I , ,

4

3

I I I I I I I 1111111111 I I I I I I I I 1111111111

I [ I I I I I 111 [111111 I I I I I I i I [111111111

109;

65

2

10,90.80.70.6

1098765

4

3

2

0.50,5

0.4 0,4

0.3 0.3

0.2 0.2

0.1 0.1

A 2 3 456789A 2 3 456789A 2 3 456789A 2 3 456789A 2 3 456789A

100 1,000 10,000 100,000 1,000,000 10,000,000


I-rh.q -,,-,n” .,.,,.Aen-. -...: . . . . . -s .,.,”.:., - . . . ...4--.4 ----- k...l-..l --, -1 -..-& ---- -. .4..-..-,,--..:-- ‘-- . . ..,,, L.”” -“,.”” . -p,.””... -“.. !,,... s “, ,.., ”.,.” s.., ,””,” “,, ”,s ““O.. = “,, ,L q“”, .”,+ “. “,,,. .,”, ,”.,,,”,, ,“, .,, ”s-, a,, ge “0.,, ,,a, g= “, a~!j,u~e,=a uo,r:~ a z-,wgv~ ,“, G, O,,,. U p.,,,””.

-!- ----- -..: —---- -. ----------- ..-:--- - a . ..--1. --------- -... -:...J

EXAMPLE OF USE OF CHART: An estimate of 10,000,000 days of restricted activity (on scale at bottom of chart] has a ralative standard error of 13.2 percent (read from cuive.4 on scale at left side of .ahtwt),or a standard error of 1,320,000 (13.2 percent of 10,000,000).

Figure X. Relative standard errors for days of restricted activity or bed disability (A) and for days lost from work or school (B) for Hispanicsl

>

-0

1%-ucmz

100908070

60

60I I I I I I I 1111111 I I I I I I I I I I I I lll~j

40

30

20

10

;7

6

5

4

I 111111111 I I I I I I I I I 11111111

. , I , u , , , I I 1 1 l+, , 1 , 1 , , 1 , , , 1 , 1 1 , I

2

0.;0.80.7

0.6

0.5

0.4

0.3

0.2

0.1

100908070

60

50

40

30

20

10

:7

6

5

4

3

2

1

0.90.80.7

0.6

0.5

0.4

0.3

0.2

0.1A 2 3 4 56789A 2 3 4 56789A 2 3 4 56789A-

1 10 100

Estimated percent

lThese curves represent estimates of relative standard errora of percent of population characteristics baaed on 12 quarters of data collection for

narrow-range estimates.

NOTE 8ase of percent shown on curves in millions.

EXAMPLE OF USE OF CHARfi An estimate of 20 percent (on scale at bottofn of chart) baaed on an estimate of 10,000,000 haa a relative standard error

of 2,3 percant (read from the scala at left side of chart), the point at which the curve for the base of 10,000,000 intersects the vertical line for 20 percent.

The standard error in percentage pointe is equal to 20 percent X 2.3 percent, or 0.46 percentage points.

Figure Xi. Relative standard errors of percent of population characteristics for non-Hiepanicsl

75

100908070

60

50

40

30

20

10967

6

5

4

3

2

0.:0.80.7

0.6

0.5

0.4

“0.3

0.2

0.1

A 2 3 4561

t,1

I

I

t!!!!!! I I I I I I I I

I

w. I w. IN I

\ I I ‘i. I xld-

I100908070

60

50

40

30

114

3

2

1).90.80.7r

c

c

).4

),3

Ilil

0.2

0.1789A 2 3 45

10

Estimated percent

6769A 2 3 4 567’ 69A

100

lThese cuwes represent estimates of relative standard errors of percent of population characteristics bssed on 12 quarters of data collection fur

narrow-range estimstes.

NOTE Bsse of percent shown on curve in millions.

EXAMPLE OF USE OF CHART An estimate of 20 percent (on scale st bottom of chart) bssed on an estimate of 10,000,000 has a relative standard error

of 2.2 percent (read from the scale at left side of chart),. the point at which the curve for the base of 10,000.000 intersects the vertical line for 20 percent.

The standard error in percentage points is equal to 20 percent X 2.2 percent, or 0.44 percentage points.

Figure X11. Relative standard errors of percent of population characteristics for Hispanicsl

76

Appendix IIDefinitions of terms

Terms relating to conditions

Condition—A morbidity condition, or simply a condition,is any entry on the questionnaire that describes a departurefrom a state of physical or mental well-being. It results from apositive response to one of a series of “medical-disability im-pact” or “illness-recall” questions. In the coding and tabulatingprocess, conditions are selected or classified according to anumber of different criteria (such as whether they were medicallyattended, whether they resulted in disability, or whether theywere acute or chronic) or according to the type of disease, injury,impairment, or symptom reported. For the purposes of eachpublished report or set of tables, only those conditions recordedon the questionnaire that satisfi certain stated criteria areincluded.

Conditions except impairments are classitled by type ac-cording to the ninth revision of the International Classz~catz”onof Diseases,’4 with certain modifications adopted to make thecode more suitable for a household interview survey.

Acute condition—An acute condition is defined as a con-dition that has lasted less than 3 months and that has involvedeither medical attention or restricted activity. Because of theprocedures used to estimate incidence, the acute conditionsincluded in this report are the conditions that had their onsetduring the 2 weeks prior to the interview week and that involvedeither medical attention or restricted activity during the 2-weekperiod. However, excluded are some conditions that are alwaysclassified as chronic even though the onset occurred within 3months prior to the week of the interview, The codes refer tothe ninth revision of the International Class@cation ofDiseases, 14as moditied by the NHIS Medical Coding Manual.

Acute condition groups—In this report all tables with dataclassified by type of condition employ a five-category regroup-ing plus several selected subgroups.

Incidence of conditions—The incidence of conditions isthe estimated number of conditions that have their onset withina specified time period. As previously mentioned, minor acuteconditions that involve neither restricted activity nor medicalattention are excluded from the statistics. The incidence datashown in some reports are ilu-ther limited to various subclassesof conditions, such as “incidence of conditions involving beddisability.”

Onset of condition—A condition is considered to havehad its onset when it was first noticed. This could be the time

NOTE: A Iist of references follows the text.

the person first felt sick or became injured, or it could be thetime when the person or family was first told by a physicianthat the person had a condition of which he or she had beenpreviously unaware.

Activity-restricting condition-An activity-restricting con-$tion is one that had its onset in the 2 weeks prior to interviewand that caused at least 1 day of restricted activity during the 2calendar weeks before the interview week. (See “Restricted-activity day” under “Terms relating to disability.”)

Medically attended condition—A condition with onset inthe 2 weeks prior to interview is considered medically attendedif a physician had been consulted either at its onset or at anytime thereafter. However, when the fwst medical attention for acondition does not occur until after the end of the 2-week period,the case is treated as though there was no medical attention.Medical attention includes consultation either in person or bytelephone for treatment or advice. Advice from the physiciantransmitted to the patient through the nurse is counted, as wellas visits to physicians in clinics or hospitals. If during the courseof a single visit the physician is consulted about more than onecondition for each of several patients, each condition of eachpatient is counted as medically attended.

Discussions of a child’s condition between the physicianand a responsible member of the household are considered asmedical attention even if the child was not seen at that time.

For the purpose of this definition the term “physician”includes doctors of medicine and osteopathic physicians.

Terms relating to disability

Disability-Disability is the general term used to describeany temporary or long-term reduction of a person’s activity asa result of an acute or chronic condition.

Disability day—Short-term disability days are classifiedaccording to whether they are days of restricted activity, beddays, hospital days, work-loss days, or school-loss days. Allhospital days are, by definition, days of bed disability; all daysof bed disability are, by definition, days of restricted activity.The converse form of these statements is, of course, not true.Days lost from work and days lost from school are specialterms that apply to the working and school-age populationsonly but these too are days of restricted activity. Hence “daysof restricted activity“ is the most inclusive term used to de-scribe disability days.

Restricted-activity day—A day of restricted activity is one

77

on which a person cuts down on his or her usual activities forthe whole of that day because of an illness or an injury. Theterm “usual activities” for any day means the things that theperson would ordinarily do on that day. For children underschool age, usual activities depend on whatever the usual pat-tern is for the child’s day, which will in turn be affected by theage of the child, weather conditions, and so forth. For retired orelderly persons, usual activities might consist of ahnost noactivity, but cutting down on even a small amount for as muchas a day would constitute restricted activity. On Sundays orholidays, usual activities are the things the person usually doeson such days—going to church, playing golf, visiting friends orrelatives, or staying at home and listening to the radio, reading,looking at television, and so forth. Persons who have perma-nently reduced their usual activities because of a chronic con-dition might not report any restricted-acti;ity days during a2-week period. Therefore, absence of restricted-activity daysdoes not imply normal health.

Restricted activity does not imply complete inactivity, butit does imply onIy the minimum of usual activities. A specialnap for an hour after lunch does not constitute cutting down onusual activities, nor does the elimination of a heavy chore suchas cleaning ashes out of the furnace or hanging out the wash. Ifa farmer or housewife carries on only the minimum of the day’schores, however, this is a day of restricted activity.

A day spent in bed or a day home from work or schoolbecause of illness or injury is, of course, a restricted-activityday.

Bed-disability day—A day of disability is one on which aperson stays in bed for all or most of the day because of aspecific illness or injury. All or most of the day is defined asmore than half of the daylight hours. All hospital days for in-patients are considered days of bed disability even if the patientwas not actually in bed at the hospital.

Work-1oss day—A day lost from work is a day on which aperson did not work at his job or business for at least half of hisnormal workday because of a specitic illness or injury. Thenumber of days lost from work is determined only for persons17 years of age and over who reported that at any time duringthe 2-week period covered by the interview they either workedat or had a job or business. (See “Current.Iy employed” personsunder “Demographic and other terms.”)

School-loss day—A day lost from school is a normal schoolday on which a child did not attend school because of a specificillness or injury. The number of days lost from school is de-termined only for children 6-16 years of age.

Person-day—Person-days of restricted activity, bed dis-ability, and so forth are days of the various forms of disabilityexperienced by any one person. The sum of days for all personsin a group represents an unduplicated count of all days of dis-ability for the group.

Chronic activity limitation—I?ersons are classified intofour categories according to the extent to which their activitiesare limited at present as a resuk of chronic conditions. Becausethe usual activities of preschool children, school-age children,housewives, workers, and other persons differ, a ditTerent set ofcriteria is used for each group. There is a general similaritybetween them, however, as will be seen in the following de-

scriptions of the four categories:

1. Persons unable to carry on major activity for their group(Major activity refers to ability to work, keep house, orengage in school or preschool activities)a. Preschool children inability to take part in ordinary

play with other children.b. School-age children inability to go to school.c. Housewives: inability to do any housework,d. Workers and all other persons: inability to work at a

job or business.2. Persons limited in amount or kind of major activity per-

formed (major activity refers to ability to work, keep house,or engage in school or preschool activities)a.

b.

c.

d.

Preschool chddren limited in amount or kind of playwith other childreq for example, need special restperiods, cannot play strenuous games, or cannot playfor long periods at a time.School-age children liited to certain types of schoolsor in school attendance for example, need specialschools or special teaching or cannot go to school fulltime or for long periods at a time.Housewives: limited in amount or kind of houseworlqfor example, cannot lift children, wnsh or iron, or dohousework for long periods at a time,Workers and all other persons: limited in amount orkind of worlq for example, need special working aidsor special rest periods at work, carmot work full timeor for long periods at a time, or cannot do strenuouswork.

3. Persons not limited in major activity but otherwise limited(major activity refers to ability to work, keep house, orengage in school or preschool activities)a. Preschool children not classified in this category.b. School-age children: not limited in going to,school but

limited in participation in athletics or other extracur-ricular activities.

c. Housewives: not limited in housewcwkbut limited inother activities such as church, clubs, hobbies, civicprojects, or shopping.

d. Workers and all other persons: not limited in regularwork activities but limited in other activities such aschurch, club, hobbies, civic projects, sports, or games,

4. Persons not limited in activities (includes persons whoseactivities are not limited in any of the ways describedabove).

Terms relating to hospitalization

Hospital—For this survey a hospital is defined as any in-stitution meeting one of the following criteria;(1) named in thelisting of hospitals in the current Amen-can Hospital Associa-tion Guide to the Health Care Field15 or (2) found on theMaster Facility Inventory List maintained by the NationalCenter for Health Statistics.

Short-stay hospital—A short-stay hospital is one in which

NOTE A list of references follows the text.

78

the type of service provided by the hospital is general; maternity;eye, ear, nose, and throa~ children’s; or osteopathic; or it maybe the hospital department of an institution.

Hospital day—A hospital day is a day on which a personis confined to a hospital. The day is counted as a hospital dayonly if the patient stays overnight. Thus a patient who entersthe hospital on Monday afternoon and leaves Wednesday noonis considered to have had 2 hospital days.

Hospital days during the year—The number of hospitaldays during the year is the total number for all hospital episodesin the 12-month period prior to the interview week. For thepurposes of this estimate, episodes overlapping the beginningor end of the 12-month period are subdivided so that only thosedays falling within the period are included.

Hospital episode—A hospital episode is any continuousperiod of stay of 1 night or more in a hospital as an inpatientexcept the period of stay of a well newborn infant. A hospitalepisode is recorded for a family member whenever any part ofhis hospital stay is included in the 12-month period prior to theinterview week.

Hospital discharge—A hospital discharge is the comple-tion of any continuous period of.stay of 1 or more nights in ahospital as an inpatient except the period of stay of a well new-born infant, A hospital discharge is recorded whenever a presentmember of the household is reported to have been dischargedfrom a hospital in the 12-month period prior to the interview

Physician visits for services provided on a mass basis arenot included in the tabulations. A service received on a massbasis is defined as any service, involving only a single test (forexample, test for diabetes) or a single procedure (for example,measles inoculation) when this single service was administeredidentically to all persons who were at the place for this purpose.Hence obtaining a chest X-ray in a tuberculosis chest X-raytrailer is not included as a physician visit, However, a specialches~ X-ray given in a physician’s office or in an outpatientclinic is considered a physician visit.

Physician visits to hospital inpatients are not included.If a physician is called to a house to see more than one

person, the call is considered a separate physician visit for eachperson about whom the physician was consulted.

A physician visit is associated with the person about whomthe advice was sought, even if that person did not actually seeor consult the physician. For example, if a mother consults aphysician about one of her children, the physician visit is ascribedto the child.

Interval since Iastphysician visit—The interval since thelast physician visit is the length of time prior to the week of ‘interview since a physician was last consulted in person or bytelephone for treatment or advice of any type whatever. Aphysician visit to a hospital inpatient may be counted as thelast time a physician was seen.

week. (Estimates were based on discharges which occurredduring the 6-month period prior to the interview.)

Demographic and other terms

Length of hospital stay—The length of hospital stay is theduration in days, exclusive of the day of discharge, of a hospitaldischarge. (See definition of “hospital discharge.”)

Average length of stay—The average length, of stay perdischarged patient is computed by dividing the total number ofhospital days for a specified group by the total number of dis-charges for the same group.

Terms relating to dental visits

Dental visit—A dental visit is defined as any visit to adentist’s office for treatment or advice, including services by atechnician or hygienist acting under a dentist’s supervision.

Interval since last dental visit—The interval since the lastdental visit is the length of time prior to the week of interviewsince a dentist or dental hygienist was last visited for treatmentor advice of any type.

Terms relating to physician visits

Physician visit—A physician visit is defined as consulta-tion with a physician, in person or by telephone, for examination,diagnosis, treatment, or advice. The visit is considered a phy-sician visit if the service is provided directly by the physician orby a nurse or other person acting under a physician’s supervi-sion. For the purpose of this definition “physician” includesdoctors of medicine and osteopathic physicians. The term“doctor” is used in the interview rather than “physician” be:cause of popular usage. However, the concept toward which allinstructions are directed is that which is described here.

Age—The age recorded for each person is the age at lastbirthday. Age is recorded in single years and grouped in a varietyof distributions depending on the purpose of the table.

Currently employed—Persons 17 years of age and overwho reported that at any time during the 2-week period coveredby the interview they either worked at or had a job or businessare currently employed. Current employment includes paidwork as an employee of someone else; self-employment in bus-iness, farming, or professional practice; and unpaid work in afamily business or farm. Persons who were temporarily absentfrom a job or business because of a temporary illness, vacation,strike, or bad wea&er are considered as currently employed ifthey expected to work as soon as the particular event causingthe absence no longer existed.

Freelance workers are considered currently employed ifthey had a definite arrangement with one employer or more towork for pay according to a weekly or monthly schedule. eitherfill time or part time.

Excluded from the currently employed population are per-sons who have no definite employment schedule but work onlywhen their services are needed. Also excluded from the cur-rently employed population are ( 1) persons receiving revenuefrom an enterprise but not participating in its operation.(2) persons doing housework or charity work for which theyreceive no pay, (3) seasonal workers during the portion of theyear they were not working, and (4) persons who were notworking, even though having ajob or business, but were on layoffor looking for work.

The number of currently employed persons estimated fromthe Nationai Health Interview Survey (NHIS) will ditYerfrom

79

the estimates prepared from the Current Population Survey(CPS) of the U.S. bureau of the Census for several reasons. Inaddition to sampling variability they include three primary con-ceptual differences, namely: (1) NHIS estimates are for persons17 years of age and ove~ CPS estimates are for persons 16years of age and over. (2) NHIS uses a 2-week reference period,while CPS uses a l-week reference period. (3) NHIS is a con-tinuing survey with separate samples taken weekly CPS is amonthly sample taken for the survey week that includes the.12th of the month.

Income of family or of unrela~ed individuals—Eachmember of a family is classified according to the total incomeof the family of which he or she is a member. Within the house-hold all persons related to each+other by blood, marriage, oradoption constitute a family. Unrelated irdhiduals are classi-fied according to individual incomes.

The income recorded is the total of all income received bymembers of the family (or by an unrelated individual) in the12-month period preceding the week of interview. Income fromall sources is included for example, wages, salaries, rents fromproperty, pensions, and help from relatives.

Education—The categories of education status show theyears of school completed. Only years completed in regularschools, where persons are given a formal education, are in-cluded. A “regular” school is one that advances a person towardan elementary or high school diploma or a college, university,or professional school degree. Thus education in vocational, .trade, or business schools outside the regular school system isnot counted in determining the highest grade of school completed.

Education of head of family or of unrelated individuak-

Each member of a family is classified according to the educa-tion of the head of the family of which he or she is a member,Within the household all persons related to each other by blood,marriage, or adoption constitute a family. Each unrelated in-dividual is classified according to his or her own education.

Race—For this report, the two racial groupfi shown-whiteand black—are based on interviewer observation. The race ofthe respondent is used as the race of all other related personsunless the interviewer learns otherwise. Interviewers assignchiIdren of racial mixture to the race of the father. If race cannotbe determined, interviewers ask the respondent for the person’srace. Incomplete entries are assigned to the race of anotherhousehold member or, if not available, to white,

Hispanic origin-A person is Hispanic if any of the fol-lowing groups describes his or her national origin or ancestry—Puerto Rican, Cuban, Mexican, Mexicano, Mexican American,Chicano, other Latin American, other Spanish. Respondentsmake thk determination by looking at a flashcard that containsthe above-listed Hispanic groups and deciding if any of themare the person’s national origin or ancestry. The Hispanicpopulation includes all Hispanic people regardless of race.

Non-Hispanic—For this report, persons not classified asHkpanic are non-Hispanic. This includes persons whose His-panic status is unknown.

Health status—This is a subjective measurement of a per-son’s overall health as perceived by the respondent, For thksurvey, respondents are asked to assess their health (or that ofother family members) in comparison with other persons of thesame age. Speci13cally,the categories used to describe a person’shealth status are excellent, good, fair, or poor.

.

80

Appendix II 1Questionnaire items andflash cards used in the survey

.O.M. B. NO. 68-R 1600: A!xwoval Expires March 31, 198 I-.

NOTICE - Information contained on this form which would pwmlt Identification of any individual or establishment has been COIIected with a guarantee 1.that It will be held in strict confidence, will be used only for purposes stated for this study, and will not be disclosed or released to others withoutthe consent of the individual or ths establishment in accordance with section 308(d) of the Public Health Service Act (42 uSC 242m).

Book —Of — books

FoRM HIS -1 (1980) 2. R.O. number 3. Sample 4. Segment type 5. Control number,0.1 7.70)

~] Area

U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE Psu Segment SerialE)UREAU OF THE CENSUS ❑ Permit

ACTING AS COLLECTING AGENT FOR THE

U.S. PU9LlC HEALTH SERVICE “ ❑ Address %Kq Cen-Sup

U.S. HEALTH INTERVIEW SURVEY U Special Place

/

Disability day questions

This survey is being conducted to collect information on the Notion’s health. I will ask about visits todoctors and dentists, illness in the family, and other health related items. (Hand calendar)

The next few questions refer to the past 2 weeks, the 2 weeks outlined in red on that calendar,

beginning Monday, (date) , and ending this past Sunday, (date) .

So, During those 2 weeks, did -- stay in bed because of any illness or iniury?------------------------------ ----------- _____________________________________

b. During that 2-week period, how many days did -- stay in bed all or most $ the day?

6. During those 2 weeks, how mony days did illness or iniury keep -- from work?(For females): not counting work around the house?

7, During those 2 weeks, how marry days did illness or iniury keep -- from school?

If one or more days in 5b, ask 8; otherwise go to 9

8. On how many of these -- days lost from( Q+. 1 ‘id ‘-

stay in bed 011 or most of the day?

L J

{

in bed9a. (NOT COUNTING the day(,)

}lost from work )lost from school

Were there any (other) days during the past 2 weeks that -- cut down on the things

he usually does because of illness or iniury?__- _- —__________________________________________ ------------------------------

{

in bedb. (Again, not counting the day(s)

}lost from work )lost from school

During that period, how many (other) days did he cut down for as much as o day?

If one or more days in 5-9, ask 10; otherwise go to next person.

10a. What condition caused -- to

{%:Z’}

during the past 2 weeks?

---- ____ —______________________________________ -------------- . -------------- -_

{

stay in bed

b. Did ony other condition cause him tomiss work

)during that period?

miss schoolL cut down j_____________________________________________________________________________

c. What condition?

P Fill item C, (BED DAYS), from 5b for all persons.

—

5.--

b—6.

r

—

8.

—

90,

--

b,

—

Oa

--

b

--

-J

—

Y (5b)

00 N

--}

If age:17+ (6)6-16 (7)’

Days Under 6 (9)

_ WL days (8)

00 ❑ None (9)

_ SL days

00 ❑ None (9)

Days000 None -

lY

2 N (10)

---- _--_ -_-__ —____

Days

00 ❑ None

Enter condition in Item CAsk 10b

------------ ------- .Y

N (NP)

------------------ .Enter condition in item C (lOb)

NOTE: Source of questions and flash cards is reference 4.

81

Physician visit questions

4

4. During the past 2 weeks (the 2 weeks outlined in red on that calendar) how many times did -- see a medical doctor? 14. 00 ❑ NO.e

Do not count doctors seen while a patient in a hospital.

NP_ Numbw of vrsIcs

1

(Besides those visits)

50, During that Z-week period did anyone in the family go to a doctor’s office or Y

clinic for shots, X-rays, tests, or examinations? N (16) I. ..- ..- ---- . . . .. . ---------------------------------------------- ------ -- ---- ---- ---- ---- ----

b. Who was this.? – Mark “Doctor v!s!t’ box in person’s column.-. -.

15b. ~ Doctor vtslc. . . . . ------- . --------------- ----- ----- -------------------- --------- - .-””. - ”. -” . . . . . . . . . . . . -

c. Anyone else? Y (Reask 15b and c1

N---- . . . . . ---------- --------------- ------------------------— ---- ----- -.”. . ---- ---

If “Doctor vIs It,”’ ask:

d. How many times did –- visit the doctor during that period? d. _ Number of v,s, ts (Npj

60, During that period, did anyone i“ the family get any medical odvice from Y

a doctor over the telephone? N (17)----- -- . . . . . . . . . ------------------ -------------------- --------- ---------------- .- ------ *.. -+ ”. -”-.”---- . . .

b. Who was the phone coil about? - Mark “Phone call” box [n person’s column. 16b. D Phone call----- . . . . . . . . . . ------ .,--------- ----------- --------- . ------------------------—

c. Any calls about anyone else?-“. ”---- .“... ----””-” ----

Y (Reask 16b and c)

N. ------- .-. . . . . . ------- -------- __________________________________________ .- ../- .- . . ...’..”- ----- ---

If “Phone call,’” ask:

d. How many telephone calls were made to get medical advice about -- ? d. _Numbef of caffs (NP)

i

} Fill item C, (DV), from 14-16 for all Persons.❑ Cond#t&on ~;~NC17d)

Ask 17a for each person with vlslts In DV box. ❑ Preg.2 .CY [17@)

170. For whet condition did -- see or talk to a doctor during the past 2 weeks? 17.. ~] No cord,tmn. . . . . -------- . ----------- -------- --------------------- -- ------ ------ ---------

6. Did -- see or talk to o doctor about any specific condition? b. Y N (NPI. . . . . -------- ----------------------------------------------- ----------- -- --------------------

C. What condition?Enter co,:~/:/y7~ /fern C

c.. . . . . . . . ------------ ------- ------------------------------------- - -- ------------ ---------

d. During that period, did -- see or talk to a doctor about any other condition? d. Y (17.2) N (NP) .------ .---------- --------------------------------------------------------------- -- ------------ -------.

e. During the post 2 weeks was -- sick because of her pregnoncy? oe. Y N (17dJ

-------- ------ ----------------------------------------------------------------- -- .------------- ------

f. What was the motter? f. Enter condition M Item C (f7d)

I

8a. During the post 12 months, (that is since (date) o yeor ago), about how many times did -- see or 180. 000 ❑ Only when m hosp!!al

talk to a medical doctor? (Do not count doctors seen while a patient in a hospitol.) 000 ~1 None

(Include the -- visits you already told me about.) r Number of VISIIS-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- ______ ----- .- +------

—

b. ABOUT how long has it been since -- LAST saw or talked to a medical doctor? b.Include doctors seen while a patient in a hospital.

1 ~ 2-we~k DV

z U PasI 2 weeksnot reported(14 aod 17)

3 L~2 wks,-6 mos.

.$ ~J Over 6-[2 mos,

5 cl I ye:r

6 ~ 2–4 years

7 U 5+ y,:ars

e ❑ Never

Dental visit questions

i I20, During the past 2 weeks, did anyone in the family

go to the dentist? Y N (13]------------- :----------------------------------------------------------------- --- -----------------------

b. Who wos this? - Mark “Dental visit’” box in person’s column.------_ ---------.. _-----------------_ -_.. -_--_ --__ -____ --_-__ -__-_ -.._ --_--_ -_7-_ !!2 _.-JJ_Y::!:::________

c. During the past 2 weeks, did anyone else in the family go to o dentist? Y (Reask 12b and c) N------------------------ .. _ - __ - _ - __ -- _ --_--_--’ L _________________________________ --- ---------- ----- -----

If “Dental visit, ” ask:

d. During the past 2 weeks, how many times did -- go to a dentist? d. _No. of dental v,sits (NP)

Do not ask for children I yr. old and under. .

Mark box or ask: 13. 1 ~] 2-week dental visit

3. ABOUT how long has it been since -- LAST went to a dentist?

------------------ ---

2 ~ Past 2 weeks notreported (12)

3 a 2 weeks -6months

4 ~ Over 6-12 months

5 n I year

6 ~-] 2-4 years

7 ~] 5+ years

8 ~] Never/age I or under

Health status question

33. Compared to other persons --’s oge, would you say that his health is excellent, good, fait, or poor? 33. IE “2G3F4P

& i i

83

Activity limitation questions

19.. What was -- doing MOST OF THE PAST 12 MONTHS - (For males): worhg or doing something else? T9.

If “something else,” ask: (For femal.%): keeping house, working, or doing Jr ~ Workirtg (24aJ

Ages b. What was -- doing? something else?2 ❑ Keeping hoy$e (Z4b)

17+ If 45+ years and was not “working,” “keeping house, ” or “going to school, ” ask:3 ❑ Rettred. health (23)

c. Is -- retired?

d. If “retired, ”

40 Retired, other (23)

ask: Did he retire because of his health? 5 ❑ Going to sch>ol (26)---------- ____________________________________ ____________________________________

200. What was -- doing MOST OF THE PAST 12 MONTHS - going to school or doing something else?6 ❑ 17+ somethw,g else (23)

Ages6-16

If “something else,” ask: 7 ❑ 6-16 something e!se (25,

b. What WOS -- doing?---------- ------------------------------------------------------------------------- —-- ------------- ------

Ages 0 ❑ I -5 years (21J

under 6 0 I_J U rider I (22)

!la, Is -- able to take port at all in ordinary play with other children?_______________________________________________________________________________ :1 ~ Y I N (28J

b. Is he limited i“ the kind of ploy he can do because of his health?

-- —-- _____________ -,

b. z Y (26) N------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---- -— ------- ----------

c. Is he limited in the amount of olay because of his health? c. 2 Y (26) N (27)

!20. Is -- limited in any way because of his health? 220. lY------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---- _ - ... ------------- _____

5 N (NP)

b. In what way is he limited? Record limitation, not condition. b. — (28)

!30, Does -- health now keep him from working? 230. I Y (28) N--------- —--- ------------------------ -- —- —---------- —--------------------------- ---- ---------- ------- ___

b. Is he limited in the kind of work he could do because of his health? b. 2 Y (28)----------- —------- :----------------------------------------------------------- ---- ----------- -------- -

N

c. Is he limited in the amount of work he could do because of his health?-------------------- _-__ -.-_ --______ . ______ - _ - _________ - _ - ____ - _ - ___ - _ -,-------- .-:-

2 Y (28) N

d. Is he Iimit<d in the kind or amount of other activities because of his health?

___________ _________

d. 3 Y (26) t4 [27)

’40. Does -- NOW have o iob? 24.. Y [24c)------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ----- ----------- ---------

N

b. In terms of health, is -- NOW able to (work – keep house) at all? b. Y------------------------- ______________________________________________________ _- ___________ ,---- ----

1 N (26)

c. Is he limited in the kind of (work - housework) he can do because of his health?--------- —----------------------------------- ~ - —------------------------------- . .-:- ___________ .. L------

2 Y (26) N

d. Is he limited in the amount of (work - housework) he con do because of his health? d.----------- :____________________________________________________________________ . ---- ----- ------ .--------2 Y (28) N

e. Is he Iirnited in the kind or amount of other activities because of his health? e. 3 Y (28} N (27)

‘5. In terms of health would -- be able to go to school? 25. Y, f N (28)

6a. Does (would) -- hove to go to o certain type of school because of his health? 26.. 2 Y (28)------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---- - —________________ -,

N

b. Is he (would he be) limited in school attendance because of his health? b. 2 Y (28)_______________________________________________________________________________ ____ ___________________ N

c. Is he limited in the kind or amount of other activities becouse of his health? c. 3 Y (28) N

!70. Is -- limited in ANY WAY because of o disability or health? 270. 4Y 5 N (NP)------------------------------------------------------------------------------- . ---- -------------------

b. In what”way is he limited? Record limitation, not condition. b.

{

been limited in --’89. About how long has he been unable to --

}

000 n Less than I month280.

had to go to o certain type of school?-______ -_-____ -___________ -____ -.-_ -,___________________________________________ -_ __l_--~::___ -2_=-y~

b. What (other) condition causes this Iimitotion? b. Enter condition III Item C

If “old age” only, ask: Is this limitation caused by any specific condition?

Ask 28Cn Old age only (NP)

------------------------------------------------------------------------------- . ---- ------- _— ------- ----

c. Is this limitation caused by any other condition?Y (Reask N

28b and c)------------------------------------------------------------------------------- . ----

c,________ . . ______ ------

Mark box or ask:❑ Only I condtttcm

d. Which of these conditions would YOU soy is the MAIN cause of his limitation? d. Enter rnai” condtcio”

84

Hospital probe questions

29a. Was -- 0 potierrt in a hospital at any time since (date) 0 year ago? 290. Y N (Item C)

------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --- -------------------

b. How many times was -- in a hospital since (date) a year ago? b. _ T,mes (Ilem C)

\

Detailed hospitalization questions

HOSPITAL PAGE 1.

YOUsaid thot -- was in the hospital (nursing home) during the post year.

When did -- ●nter the hospital (nursing home) (the last time)?USE YOUR CALENOAR

Make sure the YEAR IS correct 2.

What is the name and address of this hospital (nursing home)?

. How many nights was -- in the hospital (nursing home)?

Complete 5 from entries in 2 and 4; if not clear, ask the questions.

m. How mony of these -- nights were during the past 12 months? .---------- A -------------------------- ----------------------------

b. How many of these -- nights were during the past 2 weeks?--------- . . . . . . . . . ---------- . . . . . -...--_----------

C. Was -- still in the hospital (nursing home) lost Sunday night for this hospitolizotion (stay)?

, For ~hot ~cnditio” did -- enter the hospi~l (ngrsi”g home) - do you know the medicol name?

If medical name unknown, enter an adequate description.

For delivery ask:

1 ! Show CAUSE, KINO, and

Was this a normal delivery? If “NO,” ask: 1 PART OF BODY in same!

For newborn, ask: What was the matter? Idetal I as r,equired for the

Was the baby normal at birth?Condition page.1

1I

3.

4.

,50,---- ---

b.---- ---

c.

6.

a. Were any operations performed on -- during this stay at the hospital (nursing home)? I70.----------------------- ------------------ ------ ------- ----- ----- --

b. What wok the name of the operation? b.

If name of operation is not known, describe. what was done.------------ -------------------------------------------------- -----1 --

c. Any other operations during this stay? c.

Person number

Ionth Date Year

19_

4ame Ikreet

:Ity (orcounty) scam

N,gh[s

{Nights

-------------------------------{

Nights-------------------------------

Y N

~ Normal delivery ~ Normal at birth:ond, t,c.n

------------------------------:,nd

------------- —----------------‘art of body

Y o N (Next Hosp)------------------------------

,------- ----- ----- -----Y (Descrfbe)

7“

85

Detailed condition questions

CONDITION 1. person“umber Name of condition

1

!. When did --last see or talk to o doctor about his . . .?

ID ~e~~rvlew I a Past 2 wks. (Item C)so 2–4 yfS.

Z,O 2 wks. -6 mos. SD 5+ yrs.(Reosk 2)

3R Over 6-12 mos. 7 ❑ Never

40 I yr.so OK !f Or. seen

Sm OK when Or. seen—Examine “Name of condition” entry and mark

Al ~ Color bli”d”ess (NC) ~ ~g,~e7($a~2)

- Accident or Injury (AZ)

If “Doctor not talked to, ” transcribe entry from Item 1.if “Doctor talked to, ” ask:

1.. What did the doctor soy it was? - Did he give it o medical name?

. ---- —-------- ..-----—-- --------- ——------------ —----Do not ask for Cancer u On Card C (A2)

b. What was the cause of . . .?

~J Accident or Injury (A2) .----------------------- -------- ---__ -. ---- —---—---

If the entry In 3a or 3b includes the words:

Ailmen? C.andi?ion Disorder Rupture

Anemia Cys? Growth Trouble

Asthma Defect Measles Tumor

}

Ask C’:

Attack Disease Problem Ulcer

c. What kind of . . . is it?

.—---__ —___-——--—-—-----___—_______________________For allergy or stroke, ask:

d, HOW does the allergy (stroke) affect him?

_--_.—___—.—--——--————————---—---——---——--—-———-—-.If in 3a–d there is an impairment or any of the following entries:

Abscess

Ache (.xcept head or ●ar)

BleedingBlood clotBoil

COn.er

Cramps (exceptmenstruol)

cyst

Damage

Growth

Hemorrhage

lnfe.tio.

In flmnmotion

N=urolgia

Ne.ritis

Pain

Pcdsy

PorOlysis

Rupture

SOre(ness)

Stiff (rmss)

Tumor

\

Ask I

UlcerVaricose veinsWeok(ness)

e. What part of the body is affected?Specify

Show the followinz detsil:

Heed . . . . . . . ..~ . . . . . . . . . . . ..- . . . . . . . . . . . ..sk”ll..sc”lp~ ‘aceBack/spine/vertebrae . . . . . . . . . . . . -. . ., - . . . . . . upper, m!ddle~ 10werSide . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..-. .-. .left “rrightEar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ....... .inner or outer; left, righ?, or both

Eye . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..-. ..left. right. “rb”th

Arm . . . . . . . . . . . . shoulder, upper, elbow, lower or wrist; left, right, or both

Hand . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . entire hand or ffngers only; left, right, or both

Leg . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . hip, upper, knee, lower, or ankle: left, right, or both

Foot . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . entire foot, arch, or toes only; left, right, or both

Except for eyes, ears, or internal organs, ask if there arI: any ofthe following entries in 3a-d:

Infection S ore Soreness

f. What part of the (part of body in 3e) is affected by the (infection/sore/soreness) - the skin, muscle, bone, or some other part? SPeclfY~

________——--__--——------------- —------ ---------- -Ask if there are any of the following entries in 3a-d:

Tumor cyst Growth

g. Is this (tumor/cyst/growth) malignant or benign?

t ❑ Malignant z U Benign 9 a DK.

I

I/42 ‘sk:~~;$,q”es’innsa:~[p::te‘“r ‘hec::;y yred in:. .zmQ.3a SUQ.3C 6 C]Q. 3e

1

4. During the past 2 weeks, did his . . . cause himto cut down on the things he usuolly does? lY 2 N (9)

RZ:’i. During that period, how many days did he cut

i. During that 2-week period, how many days did

keep him in bed all or most of the day?

-z:’. during that 2-week p;rio&. (For females): not

counting work around the house?

3. How mnny days did his . . . keep him fromschool during that 2.week period?

1-—

9. When did -- first notice his . . .?

I ❑ Last week 4D 2 weeks-~ months

20 Week before S0 Over 3-12 months

31_J Past 2 weeks–OK which en More than 12 months ago

(WrIs it during the past 12 months or before that time?)

(Was it durinq the past 3 months or before that time?)

(Was it durin~ the past 2 weeks or before that time?)

t ❑ Not an eye cond. (AA) 3 ❑ First eye cond. (6+ Yrs.)

A3 2 ❑ First eye cond.(10)

(under 6) (AA) 4 m Not first (lye cond, (AA)I -

10. Can -- see well enough to read ordinary newspaper printWITH GLASSES with his (Ieft ~ eye? . ..l Y ZN

L)FOOTNOTES

86

Family income, education, and current employment status questions

Hand Card I.

12. Which of those income groups represents your total combined family income for the past 12 months -thot is, yours, yow --’s, etc. ? Include income fro,m all sources such 05 wages, salaries, social

security or retirement benefits, help from relatives, rent from property, and so forth.

CARD I

Under $1,000 (including loss) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. Group A

$ 1,000 -$ 1,999 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. Group B

$ 2,000 - $ 2,999 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Group C

$ 3,000 -$ 3,999 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. Group D

$4,000 –s 4,999 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. Group E

$ 5,000-$ 5,999 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..Group F

$ 6,000 -$ 6,999 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. Group G

$ 7,000-$ 9,999 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. GroupH

$10,000-$14,999 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. GroupI

$15,000 -$24,999 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. Group J

$25,000 and over . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. Group K

FORM“,s.s0, ,,s,,, ,,,.,..,,,

P.ze 18

Mark box or ask:

a. What is the highest grade or year -- attended in school?

_______________________________________________________________________________b. Did --finish the --grade (yea”r)?

12.

—

20,

--

b.7CJ Under 17 (NP)

IO c] None (3)

Elem: 12345678

High: 9 10 II 12

Cotlege: [ 2 3 4 5 6+___________________

lY 2N

1-Mark box or ask: ❑ Under17 (NP)

- 6a. Did-- work at any time last week or the week before -_________________________ _______________________________________________ ::not counting work around the house? 1 Y (7) 2N

b. Even though --did network during these 2 weeks, does -- havea job or business?

_—__________________b. ,Y

2N

87

Hispanic origin question

Hand Card O - Mark box or askI

U Under 17 (NP)

a. Are any of those groups -- ‘s national origin or ancestry?

(Where did --’

}1

50, , ~

s ancestors come from?)

2 N (NP)

------------------------------------------------------- ---- . ------ . . . . ------

b. Pleose give me the number of the group.

----------- ----------

b.

Circle all that apply.

I – Puerto Rican 4 – Mexicano 7- Other Latin Amertcan 12345678

2 – Cuban 5 – Mexican-American 8- Other Spanish

3 – Mexican 6 – Chicano

I

L i I

5C

I

CARD O

I. Puerto Rican

2. Cuban

3. Mexican

4. Mexicano

5. Mexican-American

6. Chicano

7. Other Latin American

8. Other Spanish

FORM“1,.,,, ,,,,,, ,,,.,O .,,,

Page 16

88

U.S. DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES

Public Health Senoce NatIonal Center for Health Statistics 3700 East-West HIghway Hyattswlle, Maryland 20782

OFFICIAL BUSINESS PENALTY FOR PRIVATE USE, $300

DHHS Publlcatlon No. (PHS) 84-1576, Series 10. No 148

s Health Indicators fc Hispanic, Black, an White AmericansHispanic, Black, and White Americans....

Documents

Transcript of s Health Indicators fc Hispanic, Black, an White AmericansHispanic, Black, and White Americans....