RYMUN 2012 CTC Topic A

7/31/2019 RYMUN 2012 CTC Topic A

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COUNTER-TERRORIM COMMITTEE

TOPIC A : INFLUENCE OF TERRORISM IN AFGHANISTAN AND

PAKISTAN

Background of the Comittee:

The United Nations Counter-Terrorism Committee was established after

the events of September 9th, 2001. The CTC is assisted by the

Counter-Terrorism Committee Executive Directorate (CTED), which

carries out the policy decisions of the Committee, conducts expert

assessments of each Member State and facilitates counter-terrorism

technical assistance to countries.

It requires its member States to take steps to deny terrorists safe

havens, prohibit the raising or transferring of funds, freeze assets and

share information about possible terrorists activities. While the

ultimate aim of the Committee is to increase the ability of States to

fight terrorism, it is not a sanctions body nor does it maintain a list of

terrorist organizations or individuals. The obligations are generic rather

than aimed at any particular group, state or incident. These features

have made it easier for member states to accept the work of the

Counter-Terrorism Committee.

Topic Overview:

The intenationally accepted definition of terrorism is as follows:

Acts committed with the aim of seriously intimidating a population,

forcing a government or international organization to abstain from

performing any act, or seriously destabilizing or destroying the

fundamental political, constitutional, economic or social structures of acountry or an international organization.

Pakistan and Afghanistan are, according to recent surveys, viewed as

the "hubs" of terrorism, whether state-sponsored or otherwise. The

most notorious terrorist groups are said to have originated in either of

these two states. Some of these groups include Al-Qaeda and Tehreek-


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e-Taliban Pakistan (TTP). It is apparent that these two states are

heavily effected by terrorism, and it is the aim of this committe to

research, analyze and reach a conclusion regarding the influences of

terrorism in these states, since the presence and spread of terrrorism

in these countries has had, and will have, a massive global impact.

It has forced the state to station many divisions of army for law and

order at the cost of earning the opprobrium of use of force against

terroists in SWAT and FATA. The loss of foreign direct investment and

tourism. Visa and job opportunities for Pakistan is from these areas to

the Middle East are being increasingly curtailed.

Delegates need to discuss the social, economical, structural,

strategical, and environmental impact of terrorism in Pakistan and

Afghanistan, and the ultimate purpose of the committee should be to

find and discuss long-term and short-term solutions to the problemsfaced by these states due to terrorism.

Steps taken by the United Nations:

The Counter-Terrorism Committee Executive Directorate (CTED) has

launched a global initiative aimed at helping Member States set up

effective mechanisms to freeze terrorist assets in accordance with

their obligations under Security Council resolution 1373 (2001). The

initiative was launched at an expert meeting, hosted on 22 October by

the Central Bank of the Netherlands in Amsterdam. The expert meeting

will be followed by a series of regional workshops to be held in various

regions of the world.

Member States; international, regional and subregional organizations;

and the private sector were represented at the three-day Amsterdam

event. The participants (mainly legal and financial experts) discussed

the freezing provisions of resolution 1373 (2001) and the challenges

they face in implementing those provisions. They examined the meritsand limitations of various freezing regimes; identified good national

practices that could be shared with other States; and agreed to

incorporate the outcomes of the meeting into the planned regional

workshops. Through its country visits on behalf of the Counter-

Terrorism Committee and other assessment work, CTED has found that

many States do not have a designation process in place; that their laws


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do not always include provisions for immediate freezing; and that

guidance and communication with the financial sector are often

insufficient.

As a facilitator of technical assistance, our goal is to help States

overcome these and other challenges linked to the implementation ofresolution 1373, said Mr. Hassan Baage, Deputy Head of CTEDs

Assessment and Technical Assistance Office. We believe an effective,

fair and balanced asset freezing mechanism is an important

component of a national counter-terrorism strategy.

Security Council resolution 1373 (2001) requires Member States to

freeze without delay funds and other financial assets of people who

commit, or attempt to commit, terrorist acts. The assets of those who

participate in, or facilitate the commission of such acts must also be

frozen in order to disrupt terrorism financing. In order to comply withthe resolution, States are required to set up a national designation

mechanism that respects due process and be able to review and

respond to international freezing requests.

While the sharing of best practices is interesting, this forum served as

a place for an open discussion on the dilemmas and complications we

face in freezing assets, whether they be about due process concerns,

the challenge of inter-agency cooperation or information exchange

without overstepping privacy and data sharing concerns, Ms. Fenke

de Vries, Department Director of the Supervision Expertise Centres at

the Dutch Central Bank, underlined in her opening remarks.

The regional workshops will give participants a vital opportunity to

discuss a range of issues (including their respective States legislative,

institutional and operational challenges) and to identify solutions.

Eighteen universal instruments (fourteen instruments and four

amendments) against international terrorism have been elaborated

within the framework of the United Nations system relating to specific

terrorist activities. Member States through the General Assembly havebeen increasingly coordinating their counter-terrorism efforts and

continuing their legal norm-setting work. The Security Council has also

been active in countering terrorism through resolutions and by

establishing several subsidiary bodies. At the same time a number of

programmes, offices and agencies of the United Nations system have

been engaged in specific activities against terrorism, further assisting


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Member States in their counter-terrorism efforts.

To consolidate and enhance these activities, Member States in

September 2006 embarked upon a new phase in their counter-

terrorism efforts by agreeing on a global strategy to counter terrorism.

The Strategy marks the first time that all Member States of the UnitedNations have agreed to a common strategic and operational framework

to fight terrorism. The Strategy forms a basis for a concrete plan of

action: to address the conditions conducive to the spread of terrorism;

to prevent and combat terrorism; to take measures to build state

capacity to fight terrorism; to strengthen the role of the United Nations

in combating terrorism; and to ensure the respect of human rights

while countering terrorism. The Strategy builds on the unique

consensus achieved by world leaders at their 2005 September Summit

to condemn terrorism in all its forms and manifestations.

For complete information regarding past UN resolutions, delegates are

required to visit

http://www.un.org/terrorism/sc-res.shtml

Points to keep in mind while debating:

What is the history and cause of terrorism in Pakistan and

Afghanistan?

How has the interntional community been effected by the presence

of terrorist groups in these two states?

How effective have UN laws and resolutions been?

What are the ways in which we can rehabilitate the victims of

terrorism?

What are the log-term and short-term solutions to the global

problem of terrorism?

Research and websites:

http://www.un.org/terrorism/strategy-counter-terrorism.shtml
http://www.un.org/terrorism/sc-res.shtmlhttp://www.un.org/terrorism/strategy-counter-terrorism.shtmlhttp://www.un.org/terrorism/strategy-counter-terrorism.shtmlhttp://www.un.org/terrorism/sc-res.shtml


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http://www.muimun.org/wp-content/uploads/2012/03/SCstudyguide.pdf

http://www.eurojournals.com/ejss_13_1_15.pdf

http://www.satp.org/satporgtp/countries/pakistan/terroristoutfits/group_list.htm

http://www.insightonconflict.org/conflicts/afghanistan/?gclid=CIfigZSct7MCFc2R3godqmYAWQ

http://www.cssforum.com.pk/css-compulsory-subjects/essay/essays/32893-terrorism-pakistan-causes-effects-solutions.html
http://www.muimun.org/wp-content/uploads/2012/03/SCstudyguide.pdfhttp://www.eurojournals.com/ejss_13_1_15.pdfhttp://www.satp.org/satporgtp/countries/pakistan/terroristoutfits/group_list.htmhttp://www.satp.org/satporgtp/countries/pakistan/terroristoutfits/group_list.htmhttp://www.insightonconflict.org/conflicts/afghanistan/?gclid=CIfigZSct7MCFc2R3godqmYAWQhttp://www.insightonconflict.org/conflicts/afghanistan/?gclid=CIfigZSct7MCFc2R3godqmYAWQhttp://www.cssforum.com.pk/css-compulsory-subjects/essay/essays/32893-terrorism-pakistan-causes-effects-solutions.htmlhttp://www.cssforum.com.pk/css-compulsory-subjects/essay/essays/32893-terrorism-pakistan-causes-effects-solutions.htmlhttp://www.muimun.org/wp-content/uploads/2012/03/SCstudyguide.pdfhttp://www.eurojournals.com/ejss_13_1_15.pdfhttp://www.satp.org/satporgtp/countries/pakistan/terroristoutfits/group_list.htmhttp://www.satp.org/satporgtp/countries/pakistan/terroristoutfits/group_list.htmhttp://www.insightonconflict.org/conflicts/afghanistan/?gclid=CIfigZSct7MCFc2R3godqmYAWQhttp://www.insightonconflict.org/conflicts/afghanistan/?gclid=CIfigZSct7MCFc2R3godqmYAWQhttp://www.cssforum.com.pk/css-compulsory-subjects/essay/essays/32893-terrorism-pakistan-causes-effects-solutions.htmlhttp://www.cssforum.com.pk/css-compulsory-subjects/essay/essays/32893-terrorism-pakistan-causes-effects-solutions.html

RYMUN 2012 CTC Topic A

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