Rwanda Cambodia

8/9/2019 Rwanda Cambodia

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Genocide again:in Rwanda

Genocide: Thedeliberate murder ofa religious or racialgroup.


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Tutsi: A member of a Bantu-speaking people in habiting Rwandaand Burundi where they are one of

the minority ethic groupsHutu: Also Bantu-speaking but themajority ethnic group in Rwanda and

Burundi.


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Listen to the history of this situation

What similarities are there with the

Holocaust in WW2


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Between April and June 1994, an estimated 800,000 Rwandans werekilled in the space of 100 days.

Most of the dead were Tutsis - and most of those who perpetratedthe violence were Hutus.

The genocide was sparked by the death of the Rwandan presidentJuvenal Habyarimana, a Hutu, when his plane was shot down aboveKigali airport on 6 April 1994.

Within hours of the attack, a campaign of violence spread from thecapital throughout the country, and did not subside until threemonths later.

In August 1993, after several attacks and months of negotiation, apeace accord was signed between Habyarimana and the RPF, but itdid little to stop the continued unrest.

When Habyarimana's plane was shot down at the beginning of April1994, it was the final nail in the coffin.

Exactly who killed the president - and with him the president ofBurundi and many chief members of staff - has not been established.


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Ethnic tension in Rwanda is nothing new. There

have always been disagreements between the

majority Hutus and minority Tutsis, but the

animosity between them has grown substantially

since the colonial period.

The two ethnic groups are actually very similar -

they speak the same language, inhabit the same

areas and follow the same traditions.

But when the Belgian colonists arrived in 1916,

they saw the two groups as distinct entities, and

even produced identity cards classifying people

according to their ethnicity.


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Encouraged by the presidential guard and radio

propaganda, an unofficial militia group called the

Interahamwe (meaning those who attack together) wasmobilised. At its peak, this group was 30,000-strong.

Soldiers and police officers encouraged ordinary citizens

to take part. In some cases, Hutu civilians were forced to

murder their Tutsi neighbours by military personnel.

Participants were often given incentives, such as moneyor food, and some were even told they could have the

land of the Tutsis they killed.

On the ground at least, the Rwandans were largely left

alone by the international community. UN troopswithdrew after the murder of 10 soldiers.

Finally, in July, the RPF captured Kigali. The government

collapsed and the RPF declared a ceasefire.


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Some of the scullsbelonging to Tutsis

recovered after theGenocide


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How was this similar to the Holocaust?

Using the timelines match them up tofind similarities


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And again: Cambodia

On April 17th 1975, Khmer Rouge forces entered Phnom

Penh, Cambodia and defeated the ruling Lon Nol Army.

The taking of Phnom Penh marked the beginning of the

Cambodian genocide. SurvivorSophal Leng Staggremembers: On the night of April 16, 1975 we were

awakened by the terrible sounds of bombs and guns,

close at hand. The explosions were so near that our

house shook with each burst. To the mind of a terrified

nine-year-old girl, it seemed that the gunfire was aimeddirectly at me I soon learned that the people I loved

the most would begin to experience the worst horrors

imaginable. We knew our lives would be changed

forever.


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Cambodian timeline

1975 - Lon Nol is overthrown as the Khmer Rouge led by

Pol Pot occupy Phnom Penh. Sihanouk briefly becomes

head of state, the country is re-named Kampuchea.

All urban dwellers are forcibly evacuated to thecountryside to become agricultural workers. Money

becomes worthless, basic freedoms are curtailed and

religion is banned. The Khmer Rouge coin the phrase

"Year Zero".

Hundreds of thousands of the educated middle-classesare tortured and executed in special centres. Others

starve, or die from disease or exhaustion. The total

death toll during the next three years is estimated to be

at least 1.7 million.


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1977 - Fighting breaks out with Vietnam.

1978 - Vietnamese forces invade in a lightning assault.

1979 January - The Vietnamese take Phnom Penh. PolPot and Khmer Rouge forces flee to the border region

with Thailand. The People's Republic of Kampuchea is

established. Many elements of life before the Khmer

Rouge take-over are re-established.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=k2M-BXvw7Ng


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And again: Darfur


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To stop it happening again

We need to see what each

has in common

On the next slide are some

words

Put them in a venn diagram

Holocaust, Rwanda,

Cambodia, or in a box Other

if they dont fit in the venn

diagram

Other:


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Words:

Freedom

Inequality

Discrimination

Politics

Diversity

Tolerance

Ideal

Scape goats Religion

Race

Greed

Murder

Inaction (no action)

Poverty

Propaganda

Power

War

Innocent

Guilty

Equality

If you

have

time addsome

words of

your own


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Homework:

Based on your box other create a piece

of art anything creative (including poetry

/ song) that educates others to ensure

genocide does not happen again

Extension research religious beliefs

about equality and include them

Rwanda Cambodia

Documents

Transcript of Rwanda Cambodia