Russian Jet Fuel market update – October 2015 Files/7th Aviation Fuel... · Russian Jet Fuel...
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Russian Jet Fuel market update – October 2015
Kevin WrightVice PresidentAsia, Petroleum Products
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• 2014 - Jet prices in NWE were significantly higher than spot prices in Russia, due to oversupply
• 1 January 2015 jet export duty decreased from 65% to 48%• 1Q2015 - After the price in Europe dropped oil companies were
trying to minimize sales under formula because it became unprofitable.
• 2Q2015 – Refiners reduced the production of jet and increased the export volume available
• 3Q2015 - Jet fuel suppliers introduced premium to formula prices of jet sold to foreign airlines on long-term contracts in Russia.
• Demand is expected to decline further
Highlights of recent history
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Indicators Unit 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 (Jan‐Aug)
Change 2014/2015 (Jan‐ Aug), %
Passenger kilometres billion pkm 147 167 196 225 241 158 96
International billion pkm 88 100 124 147 153 90 86
Domestic billion pkm 60 66 71 78 88 67 113
Passengers carried million people 57 64 74 85 93 64 100
International million people 28 31 39 45 47 28 86
Domestic million people 29 33 35 39 46 35 115
Cargo and mail carried 000 tonnes 926 981 988 1,001 1,036 685 105
International 000 tonnes 663 685 674 685 736 524 112
Domestic 000 tonnes 263 297 315 317 300 161 86
Russian air transport market
Source: Federal Air Transport Agency of the Russian Federation
• Domestic traffic shows growth • International traffic is declining • Total traffic remains stable
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Russian air transport market
Source: Federal Air Transport Agency of the Russian Federation
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Ranking of Russian Airlines Passenger traffic (billion pkm)
Total passenger traffic International traffic Domestic traffic
2013 2014 2013 2014 2013 2014Aeroflot – Russian
Airlines 60.2 67,1 40,6 42,7 19,6 24,4Transaero 47.0 47,1 36,6 35,1 10,5 12
Siberia (S7) 19,6 21,1 7,2 7,6 12,4 13,5
Utair 16,8 20,2 8,3 12,1 8,4 8,1
Rossiya 9,2 10,1 5,6 4,9 3,6 5,3Others 72,4 75,8 49 50,1 23,4 25,6
Total 225,2 241,4 147,3 152,6 77,9 88,9
• Founded in 1990, Transaero had a fleet of 104 airplanes and an outstanding debt of 260 billion rubles ($4.1 billion)
• In September, Aeroflot offered to purchase a 75 percent stake in Transaero for a symbolic 1 ruble, but the deal fell through
• Transaero is expected to go bankrupt
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Price dynamics
300.000
400.000
500.000
600.000
700.000
800.000
900.000
1000.000
Jet cif NWE, USD/t
Jet fit Moscow, USD/t
Sellers have a good marginoffering discounts toEuropean prices
Sellers want premiums to European prices
$/t
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Jet output in Russia*
* – without including Novatek production
Reduction in production led to price increases
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Jan-Aug 2014 Jan-Aug 2015
• Supply has decreased in Russia not only because of decline in production, but also as a result of export growth
• “Tax manoeuvre” implementation from 1 January 2015 -jet export duty decreased from 65% to 48%
Export growth
Export of jet, 000 t*/month
* – without including Novatek export
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• The Ust-Luga Complex owned by Novatek processes stable gas condensate into petroleum products like light and heavy naphtha, jet, heating oil and gasoil for export
• It has tripled its jet export since 2014
Jet export from Ust-Luga, 000t
Novatek triples export volume
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Jan–Aug 2014 Jan–Aug 2015
Production ‘000t 7430 6604
Export ’000t 385 511
Domestic market ‘000t 7045 6093
Domestic market supply cut
Source: CDU TEK and industrial data
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• Transaero, the second-largest airline in Russia, may be facing bankruptcy over an estimated $4.1-billion debt
• Ban on all flights between Russia and Ukraine. 3.5 million people traveled between Russia and Ukraine in 2014, according to International Air Transport Association
• A significant weakening of the ruble, which decreased demand for international travel and flights
• Russian aviation market continues to be hit by economic weakness
Passenger traffic by Airlines in 2014 , million people
Factors affecting demand
Source: Transport Clearing House
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• In summer 2015 sellers offer premium at $30-70/t to prices in NWE for long-term contracts which is about $100/t higher than spot jet prices in the domestic market.
• Oil companies gained bargaining power with stable jet demand in line with decline in supply
• Airlines operating in the Russian market intend to stop buying fuel on formulas based on European prices and instead prefer to use spot market
• High exchange rate volatility combined with large premiums have significantly reduced the advantages of formula pricing usage.
Impact on the market
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• Russian jet market liquidity and price transparency are relatively low
• The government recognizes the lack of competition in the aviation fuel market and often advises suppliers on appropriate price levels.
• Airlines, government entities and suppliers are looking for a fair price index for Russia that they can use for local transactions
• Since 2011 Argus has published spot and formula assessments for Moscow airport junction, which represents over half of the jet fuel market in Russia
• Argus clients have understanding of international and Russian domestic jet markets and may take decisions using both instruments
Argus Russian Jet Fuel Prices
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Argus jet fuel prices history
• The daily spot assessments are based on information on deals done, bids and offers collected from suppliers, traders and airlines
• The formula price index is based on Argus cif price quotation in northwest Europe netted back to Moscow refinery via the port of Ventspils. The index is published in Russian Roubles (including VAT) and US dollars (excluding VAT)