Russian Avant-Garde
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RUSSIAN AVANT-GARDE
Revision
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Movements
• There are three main movements, belonging all of them to the same period of time: – Constructivism, – Suprematism – and Rayonism.
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Influences
• The three of them had connection with other movements of the time as– Cubism, – Neo-Plasticism – and Bauhaus.
• Other of their common characteristics is the depiction of abstract form or figurative but with a great influence of Cubism.
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Constructivism
• Constructivism was first created in 1913 when the sculptor Tatlin discovered the works of Braque and Picasso in Paris.
• Back in Russia he began producing assemblages but abandoning any precise subject of themes.
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Constructivism
• The Constructivist art refers to the optimistic, non-representational relief construction, sculpture, kinetics and painting.
• The artists did not believe in abstract ideas, rather they tried to link art with concrete and tangible ideas.
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Constructivism
• The artists did not believe in abstract ideas, rather they tried to link art with concrete and tangible ideas.
• Their depicted art was mostly three dimensional, and they also portrayed art that could be connected to their proletarian believes.
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Constructivism
• Artists belonging to this movement are:– Rodchenko, – Tatlin, – Gabo, – Pevsner, – El Lissitzky, – Malevich.
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Suprematism
• Suprematism is considered the first systematic school of purely abstract pictorial composition in the modern movement, based on geometric figures
• It was the expression of the supremacy of pure sensation in creative art.
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Suprematism
• The movement was founded by Malevich in Moscow, parallel to Constructivism
• The project was above all the brainchild of the painter and theoretician.
• According to him, to liberate art from the ballast of the representational world.
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Suprematism
• The work of the painter no longer involved representing and creating chromatic harmonies or formal compositions, but rather attaining the limits of painting.
• It consisted of geometrical shapes flatly painted on the pure canvas surface.
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Suprematism
• The pictorial space had to be emptied of all symbolic content and all content signifying form.
• It had to be decongested and cleared so as to show a new reality where thought was of prime importance.
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Rayonism
• Rayonism represents one of the first steps toward the development of abstract art in Russia and was founded by Larionov and Goncharova.
• The style was a synthesis of Cubism, Futurism and Orphism and it is also known as Cubo-Futurism
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Rayonism
• They turned their back on all manner of technical formulation and all kinds of erudite cultural references.
• They produced works made up of diagonal beams of colour.
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Rayonism
• Blocky Cubist shapes are closely packed in a dynamic Futurist rhythm across a surface also marked by a series of sharp diagonals.
• Some paintings featured one predominant colour.
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Rayonism
• These compositions were worked out in an autonomous way: only the rhythms and harmonies then guided the painter in his attempt to make the dynamic radiation of the colours perceptible.