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With a land area of 6.5 million sq. miles,Russia is the largest country in the world

Population estimates 148 millionpeople

Russia is one of the most sparselypopulated countries in the world

The population is predominantly urban

Russia is so large, that the climate variesgreatly throughout the country

Russia has 11 time zones

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Russia is bounded by the Arctic and Pacific Oceans

Ural mountains divide Eurasian continent andRussia - to Europe and Asia (78% live west of Urals)

Boundaries with 13 countries

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Central Russia has a continental climate Summers are hot and short, while the winters

are cold and long.

A Russian winter is famous for its frigid

temperatures. Much of Russia is covered by snow six months

of year.

It has to be lived through to be reallyappreciated. Winter starts in October and

continues through March (November-Januaryare the darkest months)

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862 founding of Kievan Rus by VikingRurik, the birth of what became the Russianstate

Mid-13thcentury Mongol Horde invasion 1480 Moscow liberated from Tatar

(Mongol) yoke 1613 Rurik dynasty ended, Romanov

dynasty begins (ends 1917) 1812 Napoleon failed in his attempt to

conquer Russia (after occupying Moscow)

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October 1917 Bolsheviks seized control(led by Lenin)

1922 USSR established 1941-1945 WWII (Great Patriotic War),

Russia loses 1/6 of its population (~ 30 mln)

Stalins purges an additional 20 to 40 mln 1991 USSR is formally dissolved, Yeltsin

became the new president; CIS is formed 2000 Putin is elected president of Russia

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CLIMATE

AVERAGE WEATHER CONDITIONS FOR A GIVEN

AREA OVER AN EXTENDED PERIOD OF TIME

WEATHER

REFERS TO THE ATMOSPHERIC CONDITIONS AT A

SPECIFIC PLACE AND TIME

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Affected by 3 natural

conditions:-- Latitudinal Position-- Continental Position-- Location of majormountains

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Tundra Treeless plain along the Arctic

Moss, lichen, grass

Taiga Coniferous (pain) forests south of the Tundra,

extending over Siberia (sleeping land) Steppe

Like our Prairie with short grasses that are foundin dry areas that have hot summers and coldwinters

http://earth.jsc.nasa.gov/EarthObservatory/KulundaSteppe,WesternSiberia,Russia.htmhttp://earth.jsc.nasa.gov/EarthObservatory/KulundaSteppe,WesternSiberia,Russia.htmhttp://earth.jsc.nasa.gov/EarthObservatory/KulundaSteppe,WesternSiberia,Russia.htm

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THE URAL MOUNTAINS

The north-south length covers 2500 kms.

The highest points are in the Northern

Urals-2000 meters in places.

Ural forests and minerals have been thebasis for industrialization and boast at least

twenty different commercially usable

minerals.

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SOVIET LEGACY Revolution (1905-1917) Bolsheviks majority) versusMensheviks

minority)

The Red Army v. the White Army

V.I. Lenin(Vladimir Ilyich Ulyanov) Capital: Petrograd to Moscow (1918)

FEDERATION/FEDERAL STRUCTURE USSR(Union of Soviet Socialist Republics) -1924

RUSSIFICATION

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Czarism

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Lenin 1918 - 1927)

Introduced Marxist philosophy

Developed national economic plans

Established Soviet political structure based onethnic identities

Stalin 1927 - 1953)

All assets nationalized

Collectivized farming sovkhoz)

SOVIETLEADERS

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Kruschev 1953 - 1964)

Greater emphasis on agriculture

Breshnev 1964 - 1982)

Height of the Cold War

Military/industrial economy Economic stagnation (agriculture)

SOVIET LEADERS

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Gorbachev 1985 - 1991)

Initiated economic and political reform PERESTROIKA

Intended to produce major changes to boththe economic and political system

Economic aim: to catch up with westerneconomies

Political aim: reform of the Communist Party

GLASNOST

Policy of encouraging greater openness inboth internal and external affairs

SOVIETLEADERS

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A sharp declinein agricultural & industrialproduction

Intensification of ethno-cultural nationalism&separatism

Unity of the Soviet Union (macro) & unity of republics(micro) threatened

COLLAPSE OF THE SOVIET UNION(Conditions in 1990 & 1991)

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The emergence of a commonwealth ofSlavic countries to replace the Soviet Union

Commonwealth of Independent States

The resignation of President Gorbachev

COLLAPSE OF THE SOVIET UNION(Conditions in 1990 & 1991)

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RUSSIAS ADMINISTRATIVE DIVISIONS

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Orthodox

Muslim

Protestant

Roman Catholic

Jewish

Other

55%

18%

10% 7% 5% 5%

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