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Rules for the Certification of Lifting Appliances onboard

Ships and Offshore Units

October 2011

Rule Note NR 526 DT R01 E

Marine Division 92571 Neuilly sur Seine Cedex – France

Tel: + 33 (0)1 55 24 70 00 – Fax: + 33 (0)1 55 24 70 25 Marine website: http://www.veristar.com Email: [email protected]

�� 2011 Bureau Veritas - All rights reserved

ARTICLE 1

1.1. - BUREAU VERITAS is a Society the purpose of whose Marine Division (the "Society") is the classi-fication (" Classification ") of any ship or vessel or structure of any type or part of it or system therein col-lectively hereinafter referred to as a "Unit" whether linked to shore, river bed or sea bed or not, whetheroperated or located at sea or in inland waters or partly on land, including submarines, hovercrafts, drillingrigs, offshore installations of any type and of any purpose, their related and ancillary equipment, subseaor not, such as well head and pipelines, mooring legs and mooring points or otherwise as decided by theSociety.

The Society:• prepares and publishes Rules for classification, Guidance Notes and other documents (“Rules”);• issues Certificates, Attestations and Reports following its interventions (“Certificates”);• publishes Registers.

1.2. - The Society also participates in the application of National and International Regulations or Stand-ards, in particular by delegation from different Governments. Those activities are hereafter collectively re-ferred to as " Certification ".1.3. - The Society can also provide services related to Classification and Certification such as ship andcompany safety management certification; ship and port security certification, training activities; all activi-ties and duties incidental thereto such as documentation on any supporting means, software, instrumen-tation, measurements, tests and trials on board.

1.4. - The interventions mentioned in 1.1., 1.2. and 1.3. are referred to as " Services ". The party and/or itsrepresentative requesting the services is hereinafter referred to as the " Client ". The Services are pre-pared and carried out on the assumption that the Clients are aware of the International Maritimeand/or Offshore Industry (the "Industry") practices.1.5. - The Society is neither and may not be considered as an Underwriter, Broker in ship's sale or char-tering, Expert in Unit's valuation, Consulting Engineer, Controller, Naval Architect, Manufacturer, Ship-builder, Repair yard, Charterer or Shipowner who are not relieved of any of their expressed or impliedobligations by the interventions of the Society.

ARTICLE 22.1. - Classification is the appraisement given by the Society for its Client, at a certain date, following sur-veys by its Surveyors along the lines specified in Articles 3 and 4 hereafter on the level of compliance ofa Unit to its Rules or part of them. This appraisement is represented by a class entered on the Certificatesand periodically transcribed in the Society's Register.

2.2. - Certification is carried out by the Society along the same lines as set out in Articles 3 and 4 hereafterand with reference to the applicable National and International Regulations or Standards.

2.3. - It is incumbent upon the Client to maintain the condition of the Unit after surveys, to presentthe Unit for surveys and to inform the Society without delay of circumstances which may affect thegiven appraisement or cause to modify its scope.2.4. - The Client is to give to the Society all access and information necessary for the safe and efficientperformance of the requested Services. The Client is the sole responsible for the conditions of presenta-tion of the Unit for tests, trials and surveys and the conditions under which tests and trials are carried out.

ARTICLE 33.1. - The Rules, procedures and instructions of the Society take into account at the date of theirpreparation the state of currently available and proven technical knowledge of the Industry. Theyare not a standard or a code of construction neither a guide for maintenance, a safety handbookor a guide of professional practices, all of which are assumed to be known in detail and carefullyfollowed at all times by the Client.Committees consisting of personalities from the Industry contribute to the development of those docu-ments.3.2. - The Society only is qualified to apply its Rules and to interpret them. Any reference to themhas no effect unless it involves the Society's intervention.3.3. - The Services of the Society are carried out by professional Surveyors according to the applicableRules and to the Code of Ethics of the Society. Surveyors have authority to decide locally on matters re-lated to classification and certification of the Units, unless the Rules provide otherwise.

3.4. - The operations of the Society in providing its Services are exclusively conducted by way ofrandom inspections and do not in any circumstances involve monitoring or exhaustive verifica-tion.

ARTICLE 4

4.1. - The Society, acting by reference to its Rules:• reviews the construction arrangements of the Units as shown on the documents presented by the Cli-

ent;• conducts surveys at the place of their construction;• classes Units and enters their class in its Register;• surveys periodically the Units in service to note that the requirements for the maintenance of class are

met.

The Client is to inform the Society without delay of circumstances which may cause the date or theextent of the surveys to be changed.

ARTICLE 55.1. - The Society acts as a provider of services. This cannot be construed as an obligation bearingon the Society to obtain a result or as a warranty.5.2. - The certificates issued by the Society pursuant to 5.1. here above are a statement on the levelof compliance of the Unit to its Rules or to the documents of reference for the Services providedfor.In particular, the Society does not engage in any work relating to the design, building, productionor repair checks, neither in the operation of the Units or in their trade, neither in any advisory serv-ices, and cannot be held liable on those accounts. Its certificates cannot be construed as an im-plied or express warranty of safety, fitness for the purpose, seaworthiness of the Unit or of its valuefor sale, insurance or chartering.5.3. - The Society does not declare the acceptance or commissioning of a Unit, nor of its construc-tion in conformity with its design, that being the exclusive responsibility of its owner or builder,respectively.

5.4. - The Services of the Society cannot create any obligation bearing on the Society or constitute anywarranty of proper operation, beyond any representation set forth in the Rules, of any Unit, equipment ormachinery, computer software of any sort or other comparable concepts that has been subject to any sur-vey by the Society.

ARTICLE 66.1. - The Society accepts no responsibility for the use of information related to its Services which was notprovided for the purpose by the Society or with its assistance.

6.2. - If the Services of the Society cause to the Client a damage which is proved to be the directand reasonably foreseeable consequence of an error or omission of the Society, its liability to-wards the Client is limited to ten times the amount of fee paid for the Service having caused thedamage, provided however that this limit shall be subject to a minimum of eight thousand (8,000)Euro, and to a maximum which is the greater of eight hundred thousand (800,000) Euro and oneand a half times the above mentioned fee.The Society bears no liability for indirect or consequential loss such as e.g. loss of revenue, lossof profit, loss of production, loss relative to other contracts and indemnities for termination of oth-er agreements.6.3. - All claims are to be presented to the Society in writing within three months of the date when the Serv-ices were supplied or (if later) the date when the events which are relied on of were first known to the Client,and any claim which is not so presented shall be deemed waived and absolutely barred. Time is to be in-terrupted thereafter with the same periodicity.

ARTICLE 77.1. - Requests for Services are to be in writing.

7.2. - Either the Client or the Society can terminate as of right the requested Services after givingthe other party thirty days' written notice, for convenience, and without prejudice to the provisionsin Article 8 hereunder. 7.3. - The class granted to the concerned Units and the previously issued certificates remain valid until thedate of effect of the notice issued according to 7.2. here above subject to compliance with 2.3. here aboveand Article 8 hereunder.

7.4. - The contract for classification and/or certification of a Unit cannot be transferred neither assigned.

ARTICLE 88.1. - The Services of the Society, whether completed or not, involve, for the part carried out, the paymentof fee upon receipt of the invoice and the reimbursement of the expenses incurred.

8.2. Overdue amounts are increased as of right by interest in accordance with the applicable leg-islation.8.3. - The class of a Unit may be suspended in the event of non-payment of fee after a first unfruitfulnotification to pay.

ARTICLE 9

9.1. - The documents and data provided to or prepared by the Society for its Services, and the informationavailable to the Society, are treated as confidential. However:• clients have access to the data they have provided to the Society and, during the period of classifica-

tion of the Unit for them, to the classification file consisting of survey reports and certificates whichhave been prepared at any time by the Society for the classification of the Unit;

• copy of the documents made available for the classification of the Unit and of available survey reportscan be handed over to another Classification Society, where appropriate, in case of the Unit's transferof class;

• the data relative to the evolution of the Register, to the class suspension and to the survey status of theUnits, as well as general technical information related to hull and equipment damages, are passed onto IACS (International Association of Classification Societies) according to the association workingrules;

• the certificates, documents and information relative to the Units classed with the Society may bereviewed during certificating bodies audits and are disclosed upon order of the concerned governmen-tal or inter-governmental authorities or of a Court having jurisdiction.

The documents and data are subject to a file management plan.

ARTICLE 1010.1. - Any delay or shortcoming in the performance of its Services by the Society arising from an eventnot reasonably foreseeable by or beyond the control of the Society shall be deemed not to be a breach ofcontract.

ARTICLE 1111.1. - In case of diverging opinions during surveys between the Client and the Society's surveyor, the So-ciety may designate another of its surveyors at the request of the Client.

11.2. - Disagreements of a technical nature between the Client and the Society can be submitted by theSociety to the advice of its Marine Advisory Committee.

ARTICLE 1212.1. - Disputes over the Services carried out by delegation of Governments are assessed within theframework of the applicable agreements with the States, international Conventions and national rules.

12.2. - Disputes arising out of the payment of the Society's invoices by the Client are submitted to the Courtof Nanterre, France.

12.3. - Other disputes over the present General Conditions or over the Services of the Society areexclusively submitted to arbitration, by three arbitrators, in London according to the ArbitrationAct 1996 or any statutory modification or re-enactment thereof. The contract between the Societyand the Client shall be governed by English law.

ARTICLE 1313.1. - These General Conditions constitute the sole contractual obligations binding together theSociety and the Client, to the exclusion of all other representation, statements, terms, conditionswhether express or implied. They may be varied in writing by mutual agreement.13.2. - The invalidity of one or more stipulations of the present General Conditions does not affect the va-lidity of the remaining provisions.

13.3. - The definitions herein take precedence over any definitions serving the same purpose which mayappear in other documents issued by the Society.

BV Mod. Ad. ME 545 k - 17 December 2008

MARINE DIVISION

GENERAL CONDITIONS

RULE NOTE NR 526

Rules for the Certification of Lifting Appliancesonboard Ships and Offshore Units

SECTION 1 GENERAL PROVISIONS

SECTION 2 CONSTRUCTIONAL ARRANGEMENTS

SECTION 3 DATA FOR CALCULATION

SECTION 4 DESIGN ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA

SECTION 5 LOOSE GEAR AND REMOVABLE ACCESSORIES

SECTION 6 ROPES

SECTION 7 WINCHES

SECTION 8 ELECTRICAL INSTALLATIONS AND HYDRAULIC SYSTEMS

SECTION 9 CONTROL AND SAFETY OF LIFTING APPLIANCES

SECTION 10 CONSTRUCTION, SURVEY, TESTING AND MARKING

SECTION 11 MAINTENANCE

APPENDIX 1 CALCULATION OF FORCES DUE TO WIND ON STRUCTURES

APPENDIX 2 EFFICIENCIES OF SHEAVES AND TACKLES

October 2011

Unless otherwise specified, these rules apply to ships and lifting appliances forwhich contracts are signed after October 1st, 2011. The Society may refer tothe contents hereof before October 1st, 2011, as and when deemed necessaryor appropriate.

2 Bureau Veritas October 2011

NR 526 Rules for the Certification of Lifting Appliancesonboard Ships and Offshore Units

Section 1 General Provisions1 General 9

1.1 Application1.2 Scope of Bureau Veritas intervention1.3 Rules to be applied1.4 Definitions1.5 Measuring units

2 Certification 11

2.1 Scope2.2 Bureau Veritas certification2.3 Certification in compliance with special national rules

3 Classification 11

3.1 General3.2 Class notations3.3 Construction marks3.4 Criteria for granting ALP, ALM or ALS class notations3.5 Criteria for granting (ALP), (ALM) or (ALS) class notations

4 Cargo Gear Register 13

4.1 General4.2 Criteria for issuance of Bureau Veritas Cargo Gear Register

5 Various interventions 14

5.1 General

6 Documents to be submitted 15

6.1 General6.2 Lifting appliances6.3 Supporting structure of the lifting appliance

Section 2 Constructional Arrangements1 Materials 16

1.1 General1.2 Steel plates and sections1.3 Weldings1.4 Steel forgings1.5 Steel castings1.6 Iron castings1.7 Bolting

2 Constructional arrangements 18

2.1 Minimum thickness2.2 Diameter/thickness ratio for crane pedestals of circular cross-section2.3 Width/thickness ratio of plane walls2.4 Means of access2.5 Constructional arrangements2.6 Local scantlings of attachment decks

October 2011 Bureau Veritas 3

Section 3 Data for Calculation

1 Data 20

1.1 General1.2 Duty categories1.3 Dead weights

2 Influence of self motions 21

2.1 General2.2 Influence of slewing motion of cranes

3 Influence of external conditions 21

3.1 General3.2 List and trim3.3 Environmental conditions3.4 Coefficients determination

4 Standard calculation load cases 23

4.1 Design loading4.2 Loading cases to be considered4.3 Particular case: lifting of submarine craft

Section 4 Design Acceptance Criteria

1 Stability and strength criteria 25

1.1 General1.2 Check of functional stability of crane jib1.3 Strength criteria1.4 Calculation of buckling coefficient for beams1.5 Verification of plate panels against buckling

2 Calculations for special components 27

2.1 Crane pedestals2.2 Slewing rings2.3 Bolting of cranes2.4 Structural axles and hinges2.5 Crane jibs

3 Hull connections 33

3.1 General3.2 Direct calculations

4 Equipment and machinery 34

4.1 Ropes and steel wire ropes4.2 Diameter of block sheaves4.3 Accessories4.4 Winches4.5 Electrical installations and hydraulic systems4.6 Safety devices


Section 5 Loose Gear and Removable Accessories

1 General 36

1.1 Definition of loose gear and other removable accessories1.2 Materials1.3 Constructional arrangements

2 Definition of the individual SWL of items of loose gear 37

2.1 General2.2 Definition of the individual SWL

3 Particular items of loose gear 38

3.1 Blocks and head fittings3.2 Shackles3.3 Triangle plates3.4 Other removable accessories (not submitted to individual tests)

4 Lifting beams 42

4.1 General4.2 Determination of scantlings

Section 6 Ropes

1 General 44

1.1 Application1.2 General

2 Materials and manufacture of steel wire ropes and fibre ropes 44

2.1 Steel wire ropes2.2 Fibre ropes

3 Running rigging 44

3.1 General3.2 Safety coefficients3.3 Cargo runners3.4 Span ropes3.5 Slewing guy ropes

4 Wire and fibre rope terminals accessories 45

4.1 General4.2 Spliced terminal loops4.3 Thimbles4.4 Rope terminations with sockets4.5 Clamps4.6 Accessories

5 Slings and grommets 45

5.1 General5.2 Materials and construction5.3 SWL and utilization coefficients


Section 7 Winches

1 General 48

1.1 Application1.2 Drums1.3 Seatings

2 Winches 50

2.1 Hand winches and winches not to be operated under load2.2 Powered winches and winches operated under load

3 Tests 51

3.1 General provisions3.2 Prototype tests3.3 Tests of standardized winches

Section 8 Electrical Installations and Hydraulic Systems

1 General 53

1.1 Application1.2 General1.3 Documentation to be submitted

2 Electrical installations, hydraulic and pneumatic systems 53

2.1 Electrical installations2.2 Hydraulic systems2.3 Hydraulic cylinders2.4 Pneumatic equipment

Section 9 Control and Safety of Lifting Appliances

1 General 56

1.1 Application

2 Control and safety devices 56

2.1 Control devices2.2 Safety equipment

3 Additional requirements 57

3.1 Additional requirements applicable to offshore operations3.2 Additional requirements applicable to personnel hoisting3.3 Additional requirements applicable to lifting of submarine crafts

4 Secondary structure and means of access 58

4.1 General4.2 Structural calculation4.3 Means of access

Section 10 Construction, Survey, Testing and Marking

1 General provisions 59

1.1 Application


2 Welding 59

2.1 General2.2 Butt welds2.3 Fillet welds and angle welds2.4 Heat-treatment

3 Inspection at work 61

3.1 Inspection of materials and welding at works3.2 Inspection of welds3.3 Dimensional checking and visual inspection3.4 Non-destructive examinations3.5 Repair of defects and final decision

4 Construction survey of the lifting appliances and of their accessories 62

4.1 Survey of the elements within the scope of ship classification4.2 Survey of the components outside ship classification

5 Inspection and testing at works of ropes 63

5.1 Steel wire ropes5.2 Fibre ropes

6 Final inspection and testing at works prior to fitting onboard 63

6.1 Final inspection prior to fitting onboard6.2 Tests prior to fitting onboard6.3 Loose gear6.4 Locking devices6.5 Cylinders and hydraulic equipment6.6 Other equipments

7 Testing and inspection of loose gear prior to fitting onboard 64

7.1 General7.2 Proof loads7.3 Blocks7.4 Chains7.5 Ramshorn hooks7.6 Lifting beams, lifting frames and similar lifting aids (spreaders)7.7 Thorough examination after testing

8 Survey of fitting onboard 66

8.1 General

9 Overall testing prior to putting into service 67

9.1 General9.2 No-load testing and preliminary checking9.3 Overload testing9.4 Operational testing9.5 Inspections after testing

10 Marking 68

10.1 General10.2 Recommendations of marking equipments or accessories10.3 Marking of equipments after construction survey or final inspection10.4 Marking of loose gear10.5 Marking of the lifting appliance prior to putting into service


Section 11 Maintenance

1 General provisions 71

1.1 Application1.2 Survey requirements for the fixed part of the lifting appliances in scope of ship

classification1.3 Validity of Bureau Veritas Cargo Gear Register and Maintenance of additional

class notations for lifting appliances 1.4 Postponements of surveys or examinations1.5 National regulations

2 Six-monthly or annual thorough examinations 72

2.1 General2.2 Fixed parts and connections with hull2.3 Removable structures and fittings2.4 Loose gear2.5 Wire and fibre ropes2.6 Winches2.7 Operation and safety devices

3 Quinquennial thorough examinations 74

3.1 General3.2 Systematic checking of the location and marking of loose gear3.3 Thickness measurements3.4 Systematic dismantling3.5 Re-testing

4 Repairs and criteria to replace equipment or accessories 75

4.1 General4.2 Wear limits and criteria for replacement4.3 Rope discard criteria4.4 Repairs4.5 Tests after repairs or replacements

5 Occasional interventions after damage or conversion 77

5.1 Survey after damage5.2 Conversion

Appendix 1 Calculation of Forces due to Wind on Structures

1 General 79

1.1 Application1.2 Wind pressure

Appendix 2 Efficiencies of Sheaves and Tackles

1 General 80

1.1 Application1.2 Efficiency of sheaves1.3 Efficiency of the tackles


NR 526, Sec 1

SECTION 1 GENERAL PROVISIONS

1 General

1.1 Application

1.1.1 This Rule Note is applicable to lifting appliances fit-ted on ships, floating supports, fixed or mobile offshoreplatforms, and used:

a) at harbour for loading or unloading cargoes, equip-ments, spare parts or consumables

b) in offshore conditions for various lifting operationsexclusive of the appliances mentioned in item a)

c) at sea for launching and recovering diving devices.

Note 1: Lifting appliances used in harbour or in similar conditionsfor lifting operations other than ships loading or unloading are con-sidered as of type a).

1.1.2 This Rule Note does not deal with handling apparatussuch as derricks, movable or lifting platform, cargo ramps,passenger and cargo lifts, lift trucks and lifeboat davits.However when application is requested, considered as pos-sible and reasonable, this Rule Note may be used wholly orpartly by the Society upon special request of the Owner orBuilder for appliances not listed in [1.1.1].

1.1.3 The scantlings of constituent parts of cargo gear, spe-cially those of loose gear, are given either in tables or by for-mulae. However, the components which comply withnational or international standards or with specificationsconsidered as equivalent may be accepted.

1.1.4 Bureau Veritas may modify this Rule Note, add newones or accept others considered as equivalent, if deemednecessary or advisable. In particular, Rule requirements ofNR184 Lifting Appliances, applicable to derricks and unionpurchase, are still valid and applicable.

1.2 Scope of Bureau Veritas intervention

1.2.1 This Rule Note covers the following services relatingto the appliances as per [1.1.1]:

a) Issuance of Class Notations (see [3]):

granting a ship or offshore unit, classed to the Society,one or several class notations and mark notations as per[3], stating that the lifting appliances are under full sur-vey and comply with the requirements of [2.4] or [2.5].

b) Issuance of certification (see [2]):

• Bureau Veritas certification of lifting appliances onthe basis of the international regulations mentionedin [1.2.3] and [1.2.4] (see [2.2])

• certification of lifting appliances in accordance withspecial national regulations on behalf of NationalAuthorities (see [2.9])

c) Isssuance of Cargo Gear Register (see [4])

d) various interventions at the Owner’s or Builder’s request(see [2.10]).

1.3 Rules to be applied

1.3.1 Some requirements of this Rule Note are extractedfrom NR467 Rules for Steel Ships and NR445 Rules for Off-shore Units.

As the rules may be revised, the attention is drawn to thefact that, in case of discrepancy, the text to be applied is theone of the edition in force of the relevant rules and regula-tions, taking into account updated amendments, if any.

1.3.2 The Rules for Steel Ships and the Rules for OffshoreUnits deal with the scantlings of the fixed parts of the liftingappliances (see [1.2.2], Note 1) and their connections withthe ship or offshore unit structure. But they do not deal withthe scantlings of movable parts of these appliances, thechecking of which is outside the normal scope of classifica-tion.

Note 1: The fixed parts of lifting appliances, considered as integralpart of hull, are the structures definitively connected by welding toship hull or offshore unit structure (for instance crane pedestals,masts, derrick heel seating, etc...to the exclusion of the cranesthemselves, derrick booms, ropes, rigging accessories, and, gener-ally, any dismountable parts).However, the shrouds of the mastsfixed in the ship structure are considered as fixed parts.

1.3.3 Provisions of this Rule Note are generally in accor-dance with those of:

• Convention n° 32: Protection against Accidents (dock-ers) Convention (revised), 1932

• Convention n° 152: Occupational Safety and Health(Dock Work) Convention, 1979, and

• the relevant Recommendation n° 160 adopted by theInternational Labour Organization (l.L.O.)

regarding the protection of workers employed in loadingand unloading ships when applied to appliances used forloading/unloading ships at harbour.


NR 526, Sec 1

1.3.4 Provisions of this Rule Note are generally in accor-dance with Resolution A-414 (Xl) of the International Mari-time Organization (l.M.O.) as amended: Code for theConstruction and Equipment of Mobile Offshore DrillingUnits, 1979 (MODU code). They also take into account thecode of practice of the International Labour Office (I.L.O.):Safety and Health in the Construction of fixed OffshoreInstallations in the Petroleum Industry (edition 1981) whenapplied to apparatus used in offshore conditions.

1.3.5 The provisions of this Rule Note consist in ruleswhich reflect either from the application of the internationalregulations mentioned in [1.3.3] and [1.3.4], from theiraccepted interpretation or from special requirements of theSociety.

1.3.6 The Owners’ and Builders’ attention is drawn to thefact that it is their responsibility to check that the legal pro-visions and the national rules of the flag country of the shipor the working unit and those of the competent authoritieson operational site are complied with.

1.4 Definitions

1.4.1 The term lifting appliance is used herein to designatethe whole of the elements used for suspending, raising orlowering loads or moving them from one position toanother while suspended or supported, for instance a craneand the whole of its mechanisms, etc.

1.4.2 The safe working load (SWL) of a lifting appliance isthe maximum mass which may be lifted vertically by thisappliance at the hanging point of the load (hook or liftingring) and which may be moved in operation.

So, when a special lifting aid, not permanently attached tothe apparatus, is used (lifting beam, for instance) the maxi-mum mass which may be hung to this device is equal to theSWL of the appliance less the own mass of this device andof the slings used.

A lifting appliance may have several values of SWL depend-ing on its use.

The safe working force (SWF) of a lifting appliance is thestatic force corresponding to its SWL.

A lifting appliance is not to be used to pull obliquely anyobject whatever it may be (for example to shift a cargo) ifthis appliance has not been specially designed to do so.

1.4.3 Loose gear includes all items not permanentlyattached to the structure of the lifting appliances and whichare to be tested separately in compliance with the provi-sions of Sec 10, [7].

So these items may be interchanged between various liftingappliance. Items of loose gear are the following:

• blocks

• hooks

• shackles

• swivels

• chains

• rings

• rigging screws

• slings• lifting beams• hand operated tackles with pitched chains, rings, hooks,

shackles and swivels permanently attached to• other movable items having similar use that items listed

hereabove.

1.4.4 The safe working load (SWL) of an item of loose gearis the maximum mass which may be borne vertically to it(see Sec 5 for the single sheave blocks).The safe working force of an item of loose gear (SWF) is thestatic force corresponding to its SWL.

1.4.5 The test load of a lifting appliance is the mass to beapplied vertically upon testing onboard the ship or offshoreunit.The test force of a lifting appliance is the static force corre-sponding to its test load.

1.4.6 The test load of an item of loose gear is the mass to beapplied upon its separate testing when test consists in verti-cal applying of a mass.The test force of an item of loose gear is either the staticforce corresponding to its test load or the force to beapplied when test consists in application of a force.

1.4.7 The breaking load of an element is the minimummass which causes its breaking when applied vertically.The breaking force of an element is either the static forcecorresponding to its breaking load or the minimum forcewhich causes its breaking.

1.4.8 The terms normal slewing system mean conventionalhandling process of a load by means of a single crane.According to this process, the horizontal handling phase isperformed by the slewing device of the crane.

1.5 Measuring units

1.5.1 The units used in this Rule Note are those of the Inter-national System SI.

1.5.2 SWL and test loads of lifting appliances and loosegear are expressed in tones (t). Breaking loads are alsoexpressed in t (1 t = 1 000 kg).

1.5.3 SWF and test forces of lifting appliances and loosegear are expressed in kilo newtons (kN). Breaking forces arealso expressed in kN.

1.5.4 The value of the gravity acceleration g is equal to9,807 m/s2

However, in order to simplify, the following value may beconsidered:

g = 10 m/s2

Taking into account the latter value of g, the relationbetween the loads (mass) P, in t, and the correspondingstatic forces F, in kN, is as follows:

F = 10 P

1.5.5 Tensile strengths and yield stresses as well as thestresses are in N/mm2.


NR 526, Sec 1

1.5.6 Lengths and dimensions are expressed either inmetres (m) or in millimeters (mm).

1.5.7 Angles are expressed in degrees (°), 1° = π/180 radians.

2 Certification

2.1 Scope

2.1.1 The certification procedures of the lifting appliancesare defined in [2.2] or [2.9], as the case may be.

Certification results in issuance of the Cargo Gear Registerand of test certificates mentioned in [2.6.2] or [2.9.2], as thecase may be.

Certification does not result in the granting of additionalclass notations. It is not mentioned in the Register of Shipsof the Society.

2.2 Bureau Veritas certification

2.2.1 The certificates issued by the Society on behalf of theadministrations correspond to the forms of certificates rec-ommended by the International Labour Office for enteringthe appliances in the Cargo Gear Register.

2.2.2 Complete certification of a lifting appliance of a shipor an offshore unit includes:

• approval of the drawings and examination of the docu-ments listed in [4]

• the test and survey certificates prior to the first use of theitems of loose gear such as blocks, hooks, shackles,swivels, chain cables, rings, rigging, lifting beams, etc.

• the test and survey certificates prior to the first use of thesteel wire ropes and fibre ropes

• the test and survey certificates prior to the first use of thewinches

• survey of the fitting onboard in accordance with Sec 10,[8]

• survey and certification of the general tests prior to firstuse in accordance with Sec 10, [9].

• delivery of Bureau Veritas Cargo Gear Register (see[2.7]).

2.2.3 The test certificates as per [2.2.2] are also used whenperiodical re-tests are carried out and when tests are re-per-formed after repair, conversions or changes in elements.

2.3 Certification in compliance with specialnational rules

2.3.1 It is reminded that certification of lifting appliances incompliance with specific national regulations can be deliv-ered by the Society only when it is authorized to do so bythe competent National Authorities.

2.3.2 The forms used for the test certificates and the CargoGear Register are those prescribed by the specific nationalregulations.

If the specific national regulations have not defined specialforms of wording, the forms of the Society may be used. Inthis case, the following is to be specified:

• the precise references of the regulations to be applied

• the fact that the Surveyor of the Society acts as a compe-tent person recognized by the Authorities concerned

• the test procedures required by the specific national reg-ulations if different from the procedures provided on theform used for the certificate.

2.3.3 The Cargo Gear Register is delivered if the interven-tions specified in [2.7.1] have been carried out to the Soci-ety satisfaction, considering the special requirements of thenational regulations, even if some of the above mentionedinterventions are not required by the regulations to beapplied. But if the specific national regulations include pro-visions in addition to those in [2.7.1], these provisions areto be complied with.

2.3.4 When provisions of the national regulations cannotbe complied with or when their interpreting is not clear, it isthe responsibility of the Owner or the Builder to take thenecessary steps with the competent authorities to obtain therequested derogations or explanations, and to inform theSociety accordingly.

2.3.5 The attention of Owners and Builders is drawn to thefact that the choice of the construction mark may be, insome cases, implicitly prescribed by the national regula-tions applied, specially when the latter require inspection ofmaterials.

2.3.6 When the test load or the test conditions prescribedby the national regulations for the lifting appliances or theiraccessories are more severe that the provisions of this RuleNote, they are to be taken into account by the designer todetermine the scantlings.

2.3.7 When lifting appliances already in service are con-cerned, and with the same reserves as those stated above,the minimum interventions required are to be equivalent tothose specified in [2.7.1].

3 Classification

3.1 General

3.1.1 Ships or offshore units fitted with lifting appliancesmeeting the requirements of [2.3] may be assigned the fol-lowing additional class notations as mentioned in [2.2].

Classification results in issuance of the Cargo Gear Register.

3.1.2 In accordance with the provisions of Part A,Chapter 1, of the Rules for Steel Ships or Part A, Chapter 1of the Rules for Offshore Units, and considering the provi-sions in [2.3], the construction marks {, [ or µ are associ-ated with the class notations as per [2.2].


NR 526, Sec 1

3.2 Class notations

3.2.1 The class notations are as follows:

• ALP or (ALP) for appliances for lifting at harbour, as per[1.1.1], item a)

• ALM or (ALM) for appliances for lifting in offshore con-ditions, as per [1.1.1], item b)

• ALS or (ALS) for appliances for lifting submarine craft,as per [1.1.1], item c).

3.2.2 One of the additional notations listed in [3.2.1] canbe granted only if the ship or offshore unit is or will be reg-istered in the Register of ships of the Society and, as a rule,if all the appliances for lifting comply with the criterias togrant the corresponding notations.

The criterias for granting the above mentioned class nota-tions are defined in [2.4] or [2.5].

3.2.3 The granting of one or several class notations ALP,ALM or ALS normally leads to the delivery of Bureau Veritascertificates on the basis of the international regulationsmentioned in [1.3.3] and [1.3.4]. It results, in particular, inthe issuance of the Bureau Veritas Inspection Cargo GearRegister (see [2.7]).

The Bureau Veritas Inspection Cargo Gear Register and thecorresponding certificates are, in most cases, acceptedinternationally; however, upon special request of theOwner, additional certification in compliance with specialnational regulations may be delivered, provided the Societyis duly authorized to do so by the relevant National Author-ities. The opinion of the Society is to be required in thisrespect. This additional certification does not result in thegranting of a special notation. As a rule, in the case of dis-crepancy between the requirements of the national regula-tions and those of this Rule Note, the more severe of both ofthem apply. If there is a doubt, the opinion of the Societymay be required.

3.3 Construction marks

3.3.1 The construction mark { is assigned when liftingappliances have been surveyed by the Society during theirconstruction, in accordance with the procedure detailed in[2.4.1].

3.3.2 The construction mark [ is assigned when liftingappliances are classed after construction, in compliancewith the procedure detailed in [2.4.2] and it is changingclass from an IACS Society at the time of the admission toclass.

3.3.3 The construction mark µ is assigned to lifting appli-ances where the procedure for the assignment of classifica-tion is other than those detailed in [3.3.1] and [3.3.2], buthowever deemed acceptable and in compliance with[2.4.5].

3.4 Criteria for granting ALP, ALM or ALSclass notations

3.4.1 When a lifting appliance is surveyed by the Societyduring construction, it is submitted to the following require-ments to grant the supporting ship or offshore unit one orseveral of the class notations ALP, ALM or ALS:

• approval of drawings and examination of documentsrequired in [4]

• inspection at works of materials in accordance with Sec10

• construction survey and inspection at works of equip-ments in accordance with Sec 10

• survey of tests at works prior to fitting onboard, in par-ticular certification of the loose gear in accordance withSec 10, [7]

• survey of fitting onboard in accordance with Sec 10, [8]

• survey and certification of the general tests before theappliance is put into service, in accordance with Sec 10,[9]

• issuance of the Bureau Veritas Cargo Gear Register (see[2.7]).

Lifting appliances are to be submitted to examinations, andperiodical tests according to App 1 are required to maintainthe class notations.

3.4.2 When a lifting appliance has been surveyed by anIACS Society during its construction and is requested to beadmitted to class, it is subject to the following requirementsto grant the supporting ship or offshore unit one or severalof the class notations ALP, ALM or ALS:

• examination of the drawings and documents required in[4] and submitted for information (see [2.4.2], Note 1)

• examination of materials inspection certificates, con-struction survey attestations, test certificates at works forequipments and loose gear, and, if any, of the existingCargo Gear Register

• survey of the lifting appliance concerned (see [2.4.2],Note 2)


Throrough examinations and periodical tests according toApp 1 are required for the class notations to be maintain.

Note 1: As a Rule, these drawings are to be marked with the stampsof the organization by which they were approved upon construction.

Note 2: The extent of this survey depends on the existing condi-tions of certification, on the general maintenance conditions andon the age of the lifting appliances. As a rule, general tests are notrequired if the existing certification for these tests (tests prior to firstuse and/or quinquenal renewal of tests) is valid.


NR 526, Sec 1

3.4.3 When the procedure adopted does not comply withthat detailed in [3.4.1] or [3.4.2] but the Society deems thatit is acceptable for the assignment of class, the constructionmark µ is assigned and the interventions to be carried out inorder to grant one or several class notations ALP, ALM orALS are as follows:

• approval of the drawings and examination of the docu-ments required in [4] (see [2.4.3], Note 1)

• examination of the certificates delivered after testing atworks of loose gear, and, possibly, of the existing CargoGear Register

• survey of the lifting appliance concerned (see [2.4.3],Note 2)


• examinations and periodical tests according to App 1 inorder to maintain the additional classification classnotations.

Note 1:

• Upon agreement of the Society, the approval of drawings maynot be required if proof is given that these drawings have beenpreviously approved by a recognized organization. In such acase, the hereabove mentioned drawings and documents are tobe submitted for information.

• When some drawings and documents are not available, theSociety is to appreciate whether it is possible to grant therequested class notations, considering the fact that a CargoGear Register has possibly been delivered by a recognizedorganization or a National Authority. Particular measurementsor controls carried out aboard, and witnessed by a Surveyor ofthe Society, may be required.

• The documents mentioned in [2.8.2], to be annexed to theCargo Gear Register, are to be submitted.

Note 2: The extent of this survey is to be defined according to thestate of the existing certification, the general state of maintenanceand the age of the lifting appliances. As a rule, a re-testing is notrequired if the existing certification relating to these tests (tests priorto first use and/or quinquenal renewal of tests) is valid. Checking ofthicknesses of structural elements is to be carried out on the liftingappliances the age of which is greater than, or equal to, 12 years.

3.4.4 The classification certificate, the test certificates, theCargo Gear Register and its attached documents are to bekept onboard the ship or the offshore unit and available tothe Surveyor of the Society at his request.

3.4.5 When the lifting appliances are built under the surveyof the Society in accordance with the provisions of [3.4.1],except for the provisions regarding inspection of materialsand equipments at works, one or several of the additionalmarks ALP, ALM or ALS may be granted to the ship or theoffshore unit.

In such a case, the Builder has to prove that the materialsand equipments used comply satisfactorily with the provi-sions of this Rules. The Surveyor may possible require tocheck it at random.

3.5 Criteria for granting (ALP), (ALM) or(ALS) class notations

3.5.1 Provisions of [3.4] are, as a rule, to be complied withto obtain one or several class notations (ALP), (ALM) or(ALS). However when national regulations include provi-sions which do not agree with those of this Rule Note, theprovisions of the national regulations are normally to beapplied.

3.5.2 Attention is drawn to provisions from [2.3.4] to[2.3.6] to be applied.

3.5.3 The periodical surveys are to be carried out by theSociety in compliance with the requirements of the nationalregulations.

4 Cargo Gear Register

4.1 General

4.1.1 Bureau Veritas Inspection Cargo Gear Register is adocument which allows mainly:

• to list all the lifting appliances of the ship or offshoreunit which have been certified

• to record the periodical examinations and tests requiredin App 1 as well as the occasional inspections or tests

• to write down the possible remarks of the Surveyor

• to check the certification validity for the lifting appli-ances concerned.

4.1.2 The following documents or equivalent are to beattached to the Inspection Register:

• general sketch showing lay-out and reference marks ofthe lifting appliances of the ship or offshore unit

• document showing the main characteristics of each lift-ing appliance (SWL, minimum and maximum workingradius or load capacity chart, working area, etc.) and itsworking conditions (list and trim angles, maximumwind in service, sea condition, etc.), stamped by theSociety

• force diagram for each lifting appliance in every work-ing condition (different methods for hoisting, union pur-chase, etc.) showing the maximum forces applied to theitems of loose gear and main structures

• for each lifting appliance, sketch giving useful particu-lars for correct reeving of ropes and position of everyitem of loose gear

• for each lifting appliance, list of steel wire and fibreropes giving their characteristics (specially their mini-mum breaking load) and list of every item of loose gearwith its SWL and its test load

• for complex or special type lifting appliance, a workingand maintenance manual prepared by the Builder.


NR 526, Sec 1

In addition to the above-detailed attachments to the CargoGear Register, the manual relating to the lifting appliance isto include the following information:

• design criteria

• design standards

• list of elements heavily loaded in service

• material specifications

• construction standards

• inspection report during fabrication

• sheaves design standards

• cable specifications

• description and maintenance instruction of brake system

• design standards of pipings and electrical circuits

• diagrams of the latter

• description of safety devices

• instruction for operating, mounting, dismounting andtransportation

• instruction for maintenance.

This latter manual is to be kept near the appliance it isrelated to.

4.2 Criteria for issuance of Bureau VeritasCargo Gear Register

4.2.1 The appliance may be put down on Bureau VeritasCargo Gear Register when the following interventions arecarried out to the Society’s satisfaction:

• Approval of the drawings and examination of the docu-ments listed in [6].

• examination of the test certificates at works of the itemsof loose gear such as blocks, hooks, shackles, swivels,chain cables, rings, rigging, lifting beams, etc

• examination of the test certificates at works of the steelwire ropes and fibre ropes

• survey of the fitting onboard in accordance with Sec 10,[8]

• survey and certification of the general tests prior to firstuse in accordance with Sec 10, [9].

When lifting appliances already in service are concerned,the following interventions are carried out to the Society’ssatisfaction:

• examination of the drawings and documents required in[4] which are to be submitted for information (see [2.7.1],Note 1)

• examination of the certificates delivered after testing atworks of loose gear, and possibly of the existing CargoGear Register

• survey of the lifting appliances concerned (see [2.7.1],Note 2).

Note 1:

• If the ship has not a Cargo Gear Register delivered by a recog-nized organization or a National Authority, the hereinabovementioned drawings are to be approved by the Society.

• Upon agreement of the Society, the approval of drawings maynot be required if these drawings have been previouslyapproved by a recognized organization. In such a case, thehereabove mentioned drawings and documents are to be sub-mitted for information. Particular measurements or controlscarried out aboard, and witnessed by a Surveyor of the Society,may be required.

• The documents mentioned in [4.1.2], to be annexed to theCargo Gear Register, are to be submitted in any case.

Note 2: The extent of this survey is to be defined according to thestate of the existing certification, the general state of maintenanceand the age of the lifting appliances. As a rule, a re-testing is notrequired if the existing certification relating to these tests (testingprior to first use and/or qinquenal renewal of tests) is valid. Checkingof thicknesses of structural elements is to be carried out on the liftingappliances the age of which is greater than or equal to 12 years.

4.2.2 The Bureau Veritas Cargo Gear Register can also beissued on the basis of intervention as per [2.2.2] or [3.4].

5 Various interventions

5.1 General

5.1.1 Upon special request of a Builder or the Owner, theSociety may carry out complete or partial certification of aparticular lifting appliance or of a special equipment. Inparticular, general approvals may be carried out when stan-dardized equipments are concerned.

These requests are to specify clearly whether special regula-tions are to be applied. In the absence of definite instruc-tions, the Society’s own rules as stated in this Rule Note areto be applied.

5.1.2 The requests for certification of a lifting appliance orof a category of lifting appliances fitted aboard a ship or anoffshore unit which is not classed with the Society are to bespecially examined.

5.1.3 On ships classed or not with the Society, the Survey-ors of the Society may carry out the periodical surveysrequired either by international regulations or by specificnational regulations when the Society is authorized to doso, issue certificates and stamp the Cargo Gear Register ofthe ship or of the offshore unit, provided that the generalmaintenance condition of the lifting appliances proves, sat-isfactory enough, that the various existing test certificatesare shown to the Surveyor and that the documents attachedto the Register are available in order.

5.1.4 At the Builder’s or Owner’s request, the Society may,in some cases, perform verification calculations throughtheir own processes, using for instance their structure analy-sis software for forces and stresses analysis.

5.1.5 Upon special request, the Surveyors of the Societymay also witness particular tests, ascertain damages orrepairs, or deliver attestations.

5.1.6 The above interventions normally result in issuanceof technical notes, attestations or certificates, as the casemay be.


NR 526, Sec 1

6 Documents to be submitted

6.1 General

6.1.1 The drawings and documents listed in [6.2] and [6.3]are to be submitted for approval. The material specificationsare to be shown on construction drawings.

6.1.2 Relevant additional drawings and calculations maybe requested by the Society in complement to the hereaftermentioned documents.

6.2 Lifting appliances

6.2.1 The following drawings and documents are to be sub-mitted:

a) General sketch of the ship localizing the lifting appli-ances and showing the working areas of each of them.

b) Rigging drawings for each lifting appliance showingclearly the reeving of the ropes and the number of partsin purchase tackles.

All the items of loose gear are to be marked and num-bered on these drawings. The type of the blocks used(blocks with plain bearings or roller-bearings) is to bespecified.

c) Force diagrams for each lifting appliance, in serviceconditions.

When the forces are determined by calculation, the rel-evant calculations are to be submitted for informationand the maximum forces determined in the various ele-ments are to be written schematically for each liftingappliance on a sketch regarded as the force diagram.

The force diagrams and the sketches mentioned aboveare clearly to show the maximum forces applied to allthe loose gear items.

d) Drawings of structural parts of lifting appliances: struc-ture carrying the luffing tackle and the hinged pin of thejib, jib structure, structure of crane post.

The scantlings and the steel grade of the connectingbolts with the crane post are to be specified. The rele-vant calculations of the Manufacturer are to be attachedto these drawings, for information. When calculationshave been computed, they are to be supplied both withcomputer data and with sufficient explanations to allowto check the calculation process.

Upon special request, a general approval of a standard-ized production may be granted by the Society to theManufacturer.

e) List of steel wire and fibre ropes giving constructiontype, nominal diameter, minimum effective breakingload and, possibly, the reference standard.

The metal cross-sectional area of the wire ropes used forshrouds and stays is also to be specified.

f) List of all items of loose gear, marked in accordancewith the drawings requested in item b) specifying theSWL and the test load of each item.

The construction drawings of items of loose gear as per[1.4.3] and of the other stationary or movable accesso-ries for which no separate test is asked are not requiredif their scantlings comply with national or internationalstandards, or with approved specifications. In such acase, the standards used are to be specified and the cor-responding elements are to be designated according tothese standards with mention of steel grade as per Sec2, [1.1.6]. Upon special request, a general approval ofthe standards of the Manufacturers may be granted bythe Society. The drawings showing specially designedelements are to be submitted for approval in each par-ticular case.

6.2.2 Specifications of winches

Construction drawings of winches are not required whenstandardized production is concerned, provided referencesof use in service are supplied to the Society satisfaction.

When prototype is concerned, a technical file is to be sub-mitted for information. This file is to include a detailed tech-nical specification, an operating manual, a general drawing,the constructional drawings of the main items and completecalculations of the Manufacturer. The test programme con-templated is to be sent for approval.

6.2.3 Hydraulic and/or electric schemes

The scantling drawings of load carrying hydraulic cylinders(for instance the luffing cylinders of an hydraulic crane) areto be submitted for approval (see Sec 8, [1.3]).

6.2.4 Description of safety devices (limit switches, overloadcut-out devices, alarms, etc.) is to be submitted for approval(see Sec 8, [1.3]).

6.3 Supporting structure of the lifting appliance

6.3.1 The following drawings are to be submitted:

a) Drawings of the structural parts of the ship or offshoreunit supporting the lifting appliance and carrying theforces to the hull structure.

b) Drawings of the structural parts of the ship or offshoreunit located in way of the fixing points of the shrouds,stays and other fastening fittings.

c) Drawings of the lifting appliance and the winch founda-tions.


NR 526, Sec 2

SECTION 2 CONSTRUCTIONAL ARRANGEMENTS

1 Materials

1.1 General

1.1.1 The provisions of this Section are applicable mainlyto lifting appliances used in port conditions.For lifting appliances used in offshore conditions, the provi-sions of this Section are to be applied, as the case may be.

1.1.2 The requirements of this Section are based on adesign temperature not less than −10°C. Other cases are tobe subject to special consideration of the Society.

1.1.3 The materials used to manufacture the fixed parts ofthe lifting appliances, and their connections with the shipstructure (crane posts, masts, seatings, etc.), as well as thoseused locally to reinforce this structure, are to comply withthe requirements of NR216 Materials and Welding.However, the use of materials complying with internationalor national standards and the characteristics of which areequivalent to those required by NR216 Materials and Weld-ing may be accepted by the Society on a case by case basis.

1.1.4 The use of steel with very high mechanical character-istics (minimum specified yield stress greater than355 N/mm2) is to be examined by the Society on a case bycase basis.In such a case, a detailed technical specification stating themanufacturing process, mechanical and chemical charac-teristics, utilization conditions (ability for welding and form-ing) and the possible heat-treatments is to be submitted tothe Society.

1.1.5 Materials used to manufacture primary elements ofhigh capacity lifting appliances such as heavy derrickbooms, jibs and main load carrying structures of cranes andgantry-cranes, lifting beams, are to comply with NR216Materials and Welding.However the materials used to manufacture elements otherthan those as per [1.1.3] may be chosen according to inter-national or national standards or to approved specifications.The selection of materials is to be submitted to the Societyfor acceptance.

1.1.6 For the construction of certain elements, reference isto be made to the special requirements of Articles dealingwith these elements. In particular for steel wire ropes andfibre ropes, the requirements of Sec 6, [2.1] and Sec 6, [2.2]apply respectively.

1.1.7 No component part of a lifting appliance and noaccessory is to be manufactured in wrought iron.

1.1.8 The use of non-ferrous or synthetic materials is to beespecially examined by the Society.

1.2 Steel plates and sections

1.2.1 Steel plates and sections used to manufacture com-ponents which are within the scope of interventions of theunit are normally in hull steel grades as defined in NR216Materials and Welding. Their minimum yield stress is as fol-lows:

• 235 N/mm2 for ordinary hull steel grades A, B, D or E

• 315 N/mm2 for high tensile steel grades AH32, DH32 orEH32

• 355 N/mm2 for high tensile steel grades AH36, DH36 orEH36.

The above values are valid for thicknesses up to 100 mm.

1.2.2 The hull steel grades to be used for manufacturingstructural elements as per [1.2.1] (plate welded structures ortubes made out of welded rolled up plates) are defined inTab 1 according to the plate thicknesses.

Table 1 : Hull steel grades for plates

1.2.3 As a rule, the requirements in [1.2.2] are applicableto sections (angle bars, flat bars, etc.) which form the loadcarrying structures and to those used to stiffen plates whenthey contribute to the general structural strength.

1.2.4 Steel grades of seamless pipes and welded pipes areto be selected based on the same principles as those givenfor plates and opened sections.

1.2.5 The use of grades as per Ch 2, Sec 1, [9] of NR216Materials and Welding, is to be considered for areas subjectto high stresses in through thickness direction.

1.2.6 The specifications of the materials used are to beshown on the construction drawings submitted forapproval. Failing this, the steel used would be supposed tobe normal strength hull steel grade A, as defined in NR216Materials and Welding.

1.2.7 When plates of thickness e are cold formed, the fold-ing radius r is not to be, as a rule, lower than the followingvalue:

• r = 2,5 e when ordinary hull steel is concerned

• r = 3,0 e when high tensile steel is concerned.

Plate thickness e, in mm Hull steel grade

e ≤ 2020 < e ≤ 2525 < e ≤ 40

40 < e

A or AHB or AHD or DHE or EH


NR 526, Sec 2

1.2.8 When plates are highly stressed in the through thick-ness direction, the Society may require, in special cases, theuse of plates of grade Z quality complying with Ch 2, Sec 1,[9], of NR216 Materials and Welding in order to minimizethe risk of lamellar tearing.

1.3 Weldings

1.3.1 Selection of materials in welded construction takesinto account:

• the degree of importance in the whole structure of theconsidered element

• the design temperature of the element

• the thickness of the element

• the stress relieving treatment performed after welding.

1.3.2 Hull steel grades to be used for structural part sup-porting the appliance and welded to the ship structure areto be selected in accordance with Pt B, Ch 4, Sec 1, of theRules for Steel Ships.

1.3.3 Structure is usually to be considered as not beingstress relieved.

1.4 Steel forgings

1.4.1 The provisions of Ch 2, Sec 3, of NR216 Materialsand Welding, apply to steel forgings considering the partic-ulars of [1.4.2] and [1.4.3].

1.4.2 The minimum guaranteed values for tensile strengthand yield stress are to be specified on the drawings submit-ted for approval. Other characteristics are to comply withthe requirements of Ch 2, Sec 3, of NR216 Materials andWelding.

1.4.3 The chemical composition and especially the carboncontent of the forged parts intended to form a weldedassembly are especially defined in Ch 2, Sec 3, of NR216Materials and Welding.

1.5 Steel castings

1.5.1 The provisions of Ch 2, Sec 4, of NR216 Materialsand Welding apply to steel castings, considering the partic-ulars of [1.5.2] to [1.5.4].

1.5.2 The minimum guaranteed values for tensile strength andyield stress are to be specified on the drawings submitted forapproval. Other characteristics are to comply with the require-ments of Ch 2, Sec 4, [1.8], of NR216 Materials and Welding.

1.5.3 The chemical composition and especially the carboncontent of the steel castings intended to form a weldedassembly are especially defined in Ch 2, Sec 4, [1.6.4], ofNR 216 Materials and Welding.

1.5.4 Highly stressed steel castings are to be submitted toappropriate non-destructive examination.

1.6 Iron castings

1.6.1 The provisions of Ch 2, Sec 5, of NR216 Materialsand Welding apply to iron castings, considering the particu-lars of [1.6.2] to [1.6.4].

1.6.2 As a rule, the use of grey iron, malleable iron or sphe-roidal graphite cast iron with either combined ferritic/per-litic structure or perlitic structure is allowed only formanufacturing block sheaves or low stressed elements ofsecondary importance.

1.6.3 The use of spheroidal graphite cast iron (SG iron)instead of cast steel may be accepted by the Society, pro-vided that:

• concerned part is not intended to be part of a weldedassembly

• requirements of NR216 Materials and Welding for SGirons are complied with

• tensile properties are specified on the drawing submit-ted for approval.

1.6.4 As a rule, welding is forbidden on iron castings, evenfor repair of casting defects.

1.7 Bolting

1.7.1 When standardized bolts are used for load carryingconnections in the manufacturing of lifting appliances, thescrews and nuts are to be of the steel quality grades definedin Tab 2 in accordance with the requirements of the ISO898-june 09. For the screws, this table specifies also thenominal tensile strength R and the yield stress Re which areto be taken into account in strength calculations.

Table 2 : Steel quality grade marksfor screws and nuts

1.7.2 In a bolt (screw + nut), the quality grade mark of thenut is to be the one corresponding to the first figure of thedesignation symbol of the quality grade mark of the screw,assuming the nut is of normal height (0,8 times the nominaldiameter of the screw).

1.7.3 The designation symbol of the steel quality grademark is to be indicated on each screw and nut used.

Quality grade marks for screws

6.8 8.8 10.9 12.9

Nominal tensile strength of screws, in N/mm2 600 800 1 000 1 200

Yield stress of the screws, in N/mm2 480 640 900 1 080

Quality grade marks for nuts

6 8 10 12

Note 1: Alternatively, other steel quality grades defined by national standards may be accepted


NR 526, Sec 2

1.7.4 For assemblies with prestressed high strength bolts,the quality grade marks of the screws are to be 8.8, 10.9 or12.9 and the quality grade marks of the nuts 8, 10 or 12respectively. The quality of the washers are to be appropri-ate to the quality grade marks of the screws and nuts.

Screw threading is to be obtained by rolling, exclusive ofany other process.

An attestation for conformity of the bolts and screws withrecognized national or international standards may berequired.

2 Constructional arrangements

2.1 Minimum thickness

2.1.1 Thickness of crane pedestals is to be not less than thatdefined in Tab 3 with respect to the SWL P of the crane.

2.1.2 Thickness of the component plates of the load carry-ing structural parts of the cranes is to be not less than 6 mm.

When tubular structures are concerned, tube thickness is tobe not less than 4 mm (except for crane pedestals, the mini-mum thickness of which is given in Tab 3).

Table 3 : Minimum thickness of crane pedestals

2.2 Diameter/thickness ratio for crane pedestalsof circular cross-section

2.2.1 For crane pedestals of circular cross-section, D/e ratiobetween the external diameter D, in mm, and the thicknesse, in mm, of each considered cross-section is not to exceedeither 150 nor the value given in Tab 4 according to theSWL P of the crane and the design yield stress Re , inN/mm2, of the crane pedestal as defined in [1.3.1].

Table 4 : Crane pedestals of circular cross-section:D/e ratio

2.2.2 For structural elements of circular cross-section(exclusive of crane pedestals), D/e ratio is not to exceed2/3 of the value required in [2.2.1].

2.2.3 When the maximum combined stress σcb , defined bythe strength criteria as per Sec 4, [1.3.1], is lower than theallowable stress η Re given in Sec 4, [1.3.1], D/e ratio fromTab 4 may be increased in ratio:

2.3 Width/thickness ratio of plane walls

2.3.1 Ratio b/e between the width b, in mm, of an unstiff-ened plane wall (or spacing between the stiffeners of thiswall) and its thickness e, in mm, is to be not greater than:

2.3.2 When the maximum combined stress σcb defined bythe strength criteria as per Sec 4, [1.3.1] is lower than theallowable stress η Re (see Sec 4, [1.3.1]), the b/e ratio maybe taken equal to the following maximum value:

Ratio b/e is not to exceed 100.

2.3.3 If the requirements as per [2.3.1] to [2.3.2] do notentirely comply with the strength of plates and associatedstiffeners, local buckling is to be justified by calculations, tothe satisfaction of the Society (see Sec 4, [1.5]).

2.4 Means of access

2.4.1 All lifting appliances and equipment are to be pro-vided with means of access.

2.4.2 Vertical and slightly sloped ladders (angle of slopewith the vertical < 15°) may be provided with single rungs25 mm minimum in diameter (circular section rungs) or22 x 22 mm2 minimum in section (square section rungs).

Vertical ladders over 3 m in height are to be provided withguard hoops.

2.4.3 Ladders whose angle of slope with the verticalexceeds 15° are to be fitted either with steps or with pairs ofrungs, the clear gap of twin rungs being 5 cm maximum.

Such ladders are to be provided with suitable hand-rails.

2.4.4 Ladder uprights are to extend 1 m at least above land-ing platform.

2.4.5 Catwalks and landings are to be fitted with guard-rails 1 m in height minimum and manrope at mid-height.

2.4.6 Access ladders and catwalks are to be firmly securedat sufficiently close intervals.

SWL of crane P, in t Minimum thickness emin , in mm

P ≤ 11 < P < 5

P ≥ 5

6,03/8 (P + 15)

7,5

SWL of the crane P, in t D/e ratio

P ≤ 5

5 < P < 160

P ≥ 160

23500Re

----------------

47000PRe P 5+( )------------------------

45600Re

----------------

ηRe

σcb

---------

be--- 720

Re

----------≤

be--- 900

Re

---------- ηRe

σcb

---------= when σcb 0 63ηRe,≤

be--- 1610

Re

------------- 1 0 8σcb

ηRe

---------,–= when σcb 0 63ηRe,>


NR 526, Sec 2

2.5 Constructional arrangements

2.5.1 As a rule, the crane structures are to be strengthenedlocally by means of additional stiffeners, transverse webplates, connecting brackets or by local increase in thicknessin way of the concentrated applied forces and at places sub-jected to concentrated stresses due to discontinuity inshape.

2.5.2 As far as possible, strength continuity of the structuralparts subjected to tensile stresses is to be ensured by contin-uous plates or by butt welding. Strength continuity of suchstructures by means of fillet welds on transverse plate is tobe avoided. Use of Z quality plate is recommended for suchtransverse plate.

In accordance with the above, the crane pedestal structuresare to be continuous through the uppermost attachmentdeck, unless otherwise accepted by the Society.

2.5.3 Drain holes or other draining arrangements are to beprovided in the structural parts where sea water or rain maystagnate.

All the structural parts are to be designed to allow inspec-tions and are to be accessible for painting except whensmall dimensions make it impossible. In the latter case,closed and watertight constructions are to be provided.

2.6 Local scantlings of attachment decks

2.6.1 As a rule, the local thickness, in mm, of the decks onwhich the pedestal is attached is to be not less than:

where:

E : Local spacing, in m, of the deck stiffeners

Re(d) : Minimum yield stress, in N/mm2, of the deckplate steel.

2.6.2 In addition, for crane pedestals of circular cross-sec-tion, the local thickness, in mm, of the upper and lowerattachment decks is to be not less than the greater of thetwo values:

t3 = 0,5 e

where: e, D : Thickness, in mm, and external diameter, in m,

respectively, of the pedestal at the uppermostdeck level

Re(c) , Re(d): Minimum values of the yield stress, in N/mm2,of, respectively, the pedestal plate and the deckplate

H’ : Clear height, in m, between the two attachmentdecks.

The value of t2 is given assuming that the crane is attachedin the middle of a deck area. If the crane is attached to afree edge of deck or connected to it by large brackets, thevalue of t2 as obtained hereabove is to be multiplied by two.

If the crane is fixed to a strip of deck of length ld, in m, bothsides of which are free and at a distance d, in m, from thefarthermost end of this strip of deck, the value t2 is to bemultiplied by 2d/ld ratio.

2.6.3 In some cases, checking of the scantlings of theattachment decks by direct calculations may be required,considering the provisions of Sec 4, [3.2].

2.6.4 When the thickness of the attachment decks is notsufficient to meet the requirements given in [2.6.1] to[2.6.3], a thick plate is to be inserted in the deck plating.The dimensions of this inserted plate are not to be lowerthan twice the dimensions of the cross-section of the cranepedestal. As a rule, use of doubling plates is not permitted.

2.6.5 In addition to the provisions as per [2.6.1] to [2.6.4]and with respect to the longitudinal strength of the ship andto the local stress concentrations, the Society may requirelocal increase of deck thickness and/or fitting of a dia-phragm plate inside the crane pedestal where the latter ispassing through the deck.

1 2E 235Re d( )

--------------,

t2 0 8e DH′-----

Re c( )

Re d( )----------,=


NR 526, Sec 3

SECTION 3 DATA FOR CALCULATION

1 Data

1.1 General

1.1.1 Scantlings of shipboard lifting appliances are to becalculated taking into account the static and dynamic loadsapplied under contemplated operating conditions.

1.1.2 Strength calculations of the various components ofcranes are to be made under operating conditions takinginto account the forces due to:

• SWL as per Sec 1, [1.4.2] increased by the dead weightof the lower purchase block and permanent attachmentsprovided to hook loads (hook, shackle, permanent lift-ing beam, spreader or similar lifting aid, etc.)

• dead weight of crane structure and accessories

• ship’s static list and trim

• ship’s dynamic list in operating conditions

• dynamic amplification factor due to operating conditions

• vertical dynamic effect due to hoisting of load (theeffects of vertical accelerations due to lifting motionsand the effects of vertical oscillations due to snatch andputting down of load are assumed to be included in thevertical dynamic effect

• in addition to the above, and depending on the type ofappliance, other significant effects are to be taken intoaccount (for example, horizontal tangential accelerationdue to slewing motion). Radial (centrifugal) accelerationdue to slewing motion may be disregarded in case ofslewing crane.

1.1.3 Operating conditions and main characteristics ofcranes are to be specified, in particular:

• duty category depending on kind and rate of servicecontemplated

• SWL or diagram of lifting capacity according to jib radius

• maximum permissible list and trim angles

• dead weight of crane component parts and position ofrespective centres of gravity, in particular weight oflower purchase block and hook, weight of crane jib andweight distribution over jib length, weight of counter-balance, if applicable, and total weight of crane

• hoisting speed

• horizontal tangential acceleration at jib head with craneat maximum radius due to slewing motion, or, alterna-tively, angular slewing speed and minimum braking time

• maximum wind speed authorized during operation

• type of block sheaves (sheaves with plain or roller bearings)

• dynamic amplification factor.

1.1.4 Efficiency of sheaves and tackles is to be taken intoaccount as specified in App 2, [1.2] and App 2, [1.3] todetermine the maximum forces in hoisting and toppingropes.

1.2 Duty categories

1.2.1 Depending on the nature of their duty and the rate ofoperation, the appliances are divided into four duty catego-ries:

• category I: appliances very seldom used at their nomi-nal capacity, such as cranes intended for the handling ofspare parts, stores or equipment (appliances intendedfor the handling of flexible hoses onboard oil tankers orof discharging equipment onboard gas carriers oronboard ships carrying dangerous chemicals belong tocategory II)

• category II: appliances regularly used for loading andunloading cargoes and frequently operated at less than75% of their nominal capacity, such as multi-purposecranes

• category III: appliances extensively used for loadsapproaching their maximum capacity, such as appli-ances intended for the handling of containers whentheir lifting capacity is approximately that of the weightof containers handled

• category IV: grab appliances used for handling of looseor granulated products.

1.2.2 The nature and the intensity of intended crane dutyare taken into account in calculations by increasing theloads considered (excluding wind loads) using the coeffi-cient ψ0 defined in Tab 1 and depending on the duty cate-gory indicated in [1.2.1].

Table 1 : Coefficient ψ0

1.3 Dead weights

1.3.1 Builders and manufacturers are to state the dead-weights which are to be considered in the calculations.

1.3.2 For usual low capacity lifting appliances, the weightof the cargo tackle may be disregarded to determine themaximum tension in the cargo runner.

Duty categories ψ0

IIIIIIIV

1,001,031,061,25


NR 526, Sec 3

2 Influence of self motions

2.1 General

2.1.1 Influence of appliances self motion is described bymean of Ψ coefficients:

• ΨG factors express the effects on dead weights of accel-eration/decelerations due to motions, such as revolvingand luffing for cranes or sudden start/stop with bumpingfor travelling gantries

• ΨC factors express in particular acceleration/decelera-tion effects of functional motions of hoisted load.

2.1.2 For cranes, ΨGX , ΨGY , ΨGZ ,ΨCX, ΨCY and ΨCZ may beevaluated as indicated in [2.2] and [2.1.3].

2.1.3 Influence of hoisting motion

• Besides, ΨCZ may be evaluated as follows:

ΨCZ = 1 + 0,3 a V

where:

a : for structures supported by ropes or hydrau-lic jacks (cranes): a = 1

for rigid structures (gantries or overheadtravelling cranes): a = 2

V : Maximum hoisting speed of service load, inm/s, which is to be taken neither greaterthan 1,0 nor less than:

• 0,50 when P ≤ 50 t

•

• 0,333 when P ≥ 60 t

• 0,25 when a = 2

• ΨGZ = 1

2.2 Influence of slewing motion of cranes

2.2.1 The effect of horizontal tangential accelerations dueto slewing (starting and braking), on service loads and cranejib are to be considered.

2.2.2 If acceleration γ0, in m/s², at the jib head is unknown,the following value is to be applied:

where:

x0 : Maximum radius, in m, of the crane (see Fig 2)

N : Maximum slewing speed, in r/min, at maximumradius x0

t : Braking time, in s, of slewing motion when thecrane withstands the SWL corresponding toradius x0.

Acceleration γGi affecting jib dead weight may be deter-mined as follow for xi = x1:

where xi is the distance, in m, between the centre of gravityof the dead weight of item n°i and the vertical crane axis(see Fig 2).

2.2.3 The horizontal tangential acceleration effect oncrane’s jib and SWL may be taken into account by consider-ing the following dynamic coefficients:

2.2.4 Radial (centrifugal) acceleration due to slewingmotion may be disregarded. (See [1.1.2]).

3 Influence of external conditions

3.1 General

3.1.1 Influence of external operation conditions isdescribed by mean of α coefficients:

• αG factors express the effects on dead weights of accel-erations due to ship motion and accelerations in con-templated environment/sea state

• αc factors express in particular influence of environmen-tal conditions on hoisted load.

3.1.2 αCX , αCY on the one hand and αGX , αGY , αGZ on theother hand may be calculated as per [3.4] on the basis of:

•

where l and θ are respectively static list and trim anglesas per [3.2]

• λd dynamic list in contemplated operation conditions

• αCZ coefficient (see [3.3]).

3.2 List and trim

3.2.1 Lifting appliances are to be designed to operate safelyin the following possible conditions, as a minimum, for har-bour operations:

• positive trim of 2° (fore part of the ship raised)

• negative trim of 1° (aft part of the ship raised)

• list of ± 5°

whatever the position of the load.

P 100+6P

------------------- when 50 t < P < 60 t

γ02π60-------

Nx0

t----------=

γGi γ0xi

x0

-----=

ΨGXiπ2N2

9000-------------xi=

ΨGYi1g---γGi=

ΨCX ΨGX=

ΨCY1g---γ0=

λS l2 θ2+=


NR 526, Sec 3

3.2.2 Values for list and trim must be specified either by theOwner or the Builder. They are to be determined in takinginto account the stability calculations made considering allthe lifting appliances to be used at the same time as well asthe ballasting capabilities of the ship. It will be consideredthat these values do not exceed those as per [3.2.1], ifunspecified.

Ballasting capabilities of the ship in this present Rule Note,it is assumed that enable to limit the list of the ship to 12°.

3.2.3 If the actual values of static list and trim are lowerthan or equal to the values as per [3.2.1], the latter are to beconsidered as minimum values unless otherwise agreedwith the Society.

3.2.4 Values different from those defined for list and trimangles may possibly be accepted by the Society providedthat special arrangements are made to ensure that they arenot exceeded in operation and provided suitable instruc-tions are attached to the ship’s Cargo Gear Register.

3.3 Environmental conditions

3.3.1 In addition to acceleration effects on appliance deadweight and lifted load due to gravity and functional motionsof the appliance, environmental effects and special operat-ing conditions are to be taken into account.

Those environmental conditions and the support character-istics are described by dynamic amplification factors, ofwhich values depend on environmental conditions. Thesevalues should be supported by theoretical calculations ormodel test results when the lifting appliance is anticipatedto work in areas with unreliable environmental conditionsor when motions of support cannot be reliably assessed.

However, it can be accepted, lacking information, to con-sider, for normal operating conditions, following provisionalvalues of αcz coefficient (taken out of curves Fig 1, withrespect to Tab 2) as representative for support kind of opera-tion and sea conditions.

Table 2 : Determination of αCZ curve

3.3.2 For harbour conditions (still water), Fig 1 is to be dis-regarded, and αcz is to be taken equal to 1.

3.4 Coefficients determination

3.4.1 Factors αCX and αCY may be evaluated as the maxi-mum value of:

α1CX = [sin (λS + λd)] (0,75 + 0,25 αCZ)

α2CX = sin(λS) + 0,30 (αCZ − 1)

α1CY = [sin (λS + λd)] (0,75 + 0,25 αCZ)

α2CY = sin (λS) + 0,30 (αCZ − 1)

Factors αG depend on same parameters as factors αC.

For supply cranes on fixed platforms, αGZ is equal to 1.

Figure 1 : Dynamic amplification factor αCZ

OperationsBeaufort

seaconditions

Curve number

Fixed platforms

Mobile platforms

Barges Ships

Approvisionment Max 5 4 4 5 6

Work4 2 3 4 5

2 1 2 3 4

Internal handling Max 5 (αcz = 1) 1 2 3


NR 526, Sec 3

For the other lifting appliances, for normal operating condi-tions and for a preliminary design, αGX and αGY may be con-sidered as the maximum of:

α1GX = sin (λS + λd)

α2GX = sin (λS) + 0,15 (αCZ − 1)

α1GY = sin (λS + λd)

α2GY = sin (λS) + 0,15 (αCZ − 1)

Factor αGZ may be evaluated as:

αGZ = 0,55 + 0,45 αCZ

3.4.2 Fitting of shock absorbing devices are to be speciallyconsidered, in view of a reduction of provisional αcz coeffi-cient introduced in [3.3].

4 Standard calculation load cases

4.1 Design loading

4.1.1 Structure scantlings and characteristics of cables andloose gears are based on the design loading.

4.1.2 Directions of loads to be considered are defined inrelation to a system of orthogonal axes (X, Y, Z) related tothe lifting appliance axes X and Z defining longitudinal ver-tical plane.

For cranes, for example, axes X and Z defined a verticalplane where jib axis is included as per Fig 2.

Figure 2 : Main dimensions loads and axes

4.1.3 There are four types of loads to be considered:

• type SX: SX0 and SXi forces acting along X axe, andrespectively applied on hoisted load and on each deadweight

• type SY: SY0 and SYi force acting along Y axe

• type SZ: SZ0 and SZi forces acting along Z axe

• type SV: forces due to maximum permissible wind inoperating condition, may be evaluated as per App 1.

4.1.4 The global loading cases without considering thewind effect are stated as following:

• On hoisting point

- vertical load SZ0, in kN:

SZ0 = αCZ ΨCZ (F + G0) along Z

- horizontal loads SX0 and SY0, in kN:

SX0 = [αCX + ΨCX + (ΨCZ - 1) sinλ](F + G0) along X

SY0 = [αCY + ΨCY + (ΨCZ - 1) sinλ](F + G0) along Y

λ is either λs or λd whichever is most critical

• On dead weight of item n°i

- vertical load SZi, in kN:

SZi = (αGZ * ΨGZi) Gi along Z

- horizontal loads SXi and SYi, in kN:

SXi = (αGX + ΨGX) Gi along X

SYi = (αGY + ΨGY) Gi along Y

where:

αC and αG: Dynamic amplification factors describing envi-ronmental operating conditions (see [3.3] and[3])

ΨC and ΨG:Dynamic amplification factors describing influ-ence of appliance’s self motions (see [2])

F : SWF corresponding to SWL, in kN

G0 : Additional force equal to the weight of lowercargo purchase block and permanent attach-ments provided to hang the load, in kN (see[1.1.2])

Gi : Static dead weight of item n°i of the liftingappliance, in kN.

4.2 Loading cases to be considered

4.2.1 Scantlings of crane components are to be determinedtaking into account the most severe results of loading casesdefined in Tab 3, under service conditions and with respectto loads as per [4.1].

Table 3 : Loading cases

Loading case N° Combination of loads (see (1))

Ia

IbII

ψ0 (SZ + SX)ψ0 (SZ − SX) ψ0 (SZ + SY)

(1) for the direction of loads considered, in particular SX type loads, see Fig 2.


NR 526, Sec 3

4.2.2 In each loading case defined in [4.2.1] the efficiencyof sheaves and tackles in the hoisting and lowering condi-tions is to be considered see [1.1.4].

4.2.3 When calculations taking into account the maximumpermissible wind in service condition are required, gener-ally only loading case N° II needs to be considered withwind in same direction as SY type loads, that is, along Yaxis.

4.3 Particular case: lifting of submarine craft

4.3.1 (SWL) is to be considered as the weight of the subma-rine craft.

The possible overweight of water and solids swept alongduring ascent so as suction resistance due to the sea groundis to be taken into account.

4.3.2 The category of duty is to be determined according to[1.2] and to whether the submarine craft is manned (catego-ries II to IV) or not (I to III).

4.3.3 The dynamic amplification factor to be consideredmay be evaluated as indicated in [3.3] for work offshoreunits, considering, for all the appliances handling subma-rine craft - manned or not -, the curve the number of whichis immediately above.As a rule, quantity (αCZ ΨCZ) is not to be taken less than1,50.

For certification of a low capacity model, the curve number6 is to be used.

Regarding anti-swinging cables design, a minimumdynamic tension of 20% of the SWF is to be considered.

If no anti-swinging system is provided, dynamic amplifica-tion factors αCX or αCY equal to 50% of αCZ determined asindicated before, are to be considered.

Systems provided with cursor are to be specially considered.


NR 526, Sec 4

SECTION 4 DESIGN ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA

1 Stability and strength criteria

1.1 General

1.1.1 Based on the loads and loading cases defined in Sec3 determination of forces and stresses applied on constitu-ent parts of cranes is carried out in order to ascertainwhether sufficient safety is ensured with respect to the fol-lowing risks:• functional instability of crane jib (danger of jack-knifing,

i.e. risk of inopportune jib-raising)• exceeding the yield stress of materials used• loss of stability due to overall or local buckling of struc-

tures or local buckling of plates.

1.1.2 Structures are safe with respect to risks of excessiveyielding and of overall or local buckling (see [1.1.5]) whenstrength criteria defined in [1.3.2] and [1.3.3] are compliedwith.

1.1.3 Structures are safe with respect to local buckling ofplate panels when constructional arrangements defined inSec 2, [2.3] are complied with.If, exceptionally, the above arrangements are not satisfied,safety with regard to local buckling is to be checked accord-ing to the criteria defined in [1.5].

1.1.4 Strength criteria defined in the present Article areapplicable only if overall tests of cranes are carried out incompliance with Sec 10. Should more severe testing berequired by National Authorities, scantlings are to be deter-mined accordingly. It is to noted that especially in this case,compliance with structural arrangements as per Sec 2would not be considered sufficient to guarantee construc-tion safety.

1.1.5 Note that “buckling” refers to beams and is used toindicate the loss of elastic stability of an entire structure butit is also used to indicate the loss of elastic stability of a sub-structure or a part thereof.For instance, the strength of a crane jib partly made of twoseparate lattice legs (see Fig 1) is to be checked with respectto:

a) buckling of the entire jib structure

b) individual buckling of the sub-structure consisting ofone leg, taking into account additional stresses due tothe buckling of the entire jib structure

c) local buckling of a constituent member of the leg, takinginto consideration both the buckling of the entire jiband the buckling of the leg.

The compressive stress σc (to be multiplied by the bucklingcoefficient ω - [1.4.3]) for the structure “a” of the entire jibis calculated on the basis of the overall compressive forceapplied on the jib.

The compressive stress σc for the structure “b” of the jib legis calculated on the basis of the compressive force appliedon the considered jib leg, determined according to the over-all compressive force and bending moments applied on thejib, that is, according to the jib heel pin response to theforces applied.

The compressive stress σc for the constituent member “c” iscalculated on the basis of the compressive force applied onthis member, determined according to the compressiveforce and bending moments applied on the jib heel.

The herebefore verifications are only indicated as examplesand need not be performed unless they are found necessarydue to the slenderness ratio of the element concerned anddue to the calculated compression stresses.

1.2 Check of functional stability of crane jib

1.2.1 The risk of inopportune raising of the crane jib (jack-knifing) exists mainly for cranes in which the lifting rope isreeved in one or several parts of rope between the jib headand the upper part of the crane, thus relieving the luffingforce required to maintain the jib in a balanced position inthe vertical plane.

If there is such a danger, then verifications required in[1.2.2] or [1.2.3], as applicable, are to be made.

1.2.2 For rope supported jib cranes, it is to be checked thatthe tension in the luffing tackle remains positive for loadingcase lb replacing loading SX0 by loading SX’0 so that:

Note 1: For the application of the present requirement the value ofψz , determined as per Sec 3, [2.1.2], is to be taken not less than:

• 1,25 when P ≤ 20 t

• 1 + 5 / P when 20 t < P < 50 t

• 1,10 when P ≥ 50 t.

Figure 1 : Verification with respect to buckling

SX ′0 1 0 047,ψx

----------------+ SX0=


NR 526, Sec 4

Normally, this calculation is to be made with the jib at theminimum radius (maximum topping angle) and taking intoconsideration the efficiency of the lifting tackle sheaves inthe “hoisting” condition.

In a number of special cases, calculations may neverthelesshave to be made under different conditions, to the satisfac-tion of the Society.

1.2.3 For hydraulic jack supported jib cranes it is to bechecked, taking into account the requirements of [1.2.2],that the thrust in the luffing jack remains positive.An exemption to this requirement is, however, possible ifthe Builder can prove that with the existing arrangementsthere is no danger of jack-knifing of the jib and they aresuch that if a pulling force is applied to the jack instead of acompressive force, there is no danger of false maneuver.

1.3 Strength criteria

1.3.1 The following notations are used concerning strengthcriteria:

a) Stresses, in N/mm2, calculated in a particular point:σt : Normal tensile stress due to an overall ten-

sile force (σt ≥ 0)

σc : Normal compressive stress due to an overallcompressive force (σc ≤ 0)

σf : Normal bending stress due to a bendingmoment (σf ≥ 0 when tensile stress, σf ≤ 0when compressive stress)

τ : Total tangential shear stresses due to shearforces and torsional moment: τ = τx + τy + τ0

b) Coefficient η, defined as follows:• for calculation of load carrying structures (crane

pedestal excluded):η = 0,67 for loading cases specified in Sec 3η = 0,75 when effects of wind permitted in serviceare taken into account

• for calculation of crane pedestal (see [2.1]):η = 0,63 for loading cases specified in Sec 3η = 0,71 when effects of wind permitted in serviceare taken into accountη = 0,5 for overhead cranes

c) Re, in N/mm2, is the design yield, taken equal to:

• Re = Re 0,2 if Re 0,2 < 0,7 Rr

• Re = 0,417 (Re 0,2+Rr) if Re 0,2 ≥ 0,7 Rr

where Re 0,2 is the yield stress at 0,2% strain and Rr is thetensile strength.

1.3.2 Stresses indicated in [1.3.1] are determined by classi-cal calculation methods of strength of materials, within theelastic field.

1.3.3 The following strength criterion is to be compliedwith in each considered cross-section of structures or struc-ture components which are not subject to an overall com-pressive force:

1.3.4 Structure or structural components subject to an over-all compressive force are to comply with the followingstrength criteria at point(s) M corresponding to the middleof the effective length of buckling (see Fig 3):• when σf ≤ 0

• when σf > 0

• when σf < 0

where: ω : Buckling coefficient specified in [1.4.3]v : Distance, in mm, from the neutral axis of the

considered cross-section, to the farthest point ofthis section

v’ : Distance, in mm, between neutral axis and thepoint opposite to the one at distance v (see Fig 2).

Verification of criterion (1) is sufficient when the sectionunder consideration is symmetrical with respect to neutralaxis or when the bending moment compresses the farthestpoint at distance v in case of asymmetrical section.

Criteria (2) and (3) are to be checked in case of asymmetri-cal section only when the bending moment compresses thepoint at distance v’. (Criterion (1) is then not applicable insuch a case).

The points of the cross-section (at distance v or v’) subject tothe combined stress specified by strength criteria (1), (2) or(3) are indicated in Fig 2.

Strength criteria (1), (2) and (3) can be applied at any pointat a distance x, in m, from the end of the buckling length(see Fig 3) by replacing ω with:

where:

l : Buckling length, in m. defined in [1.4.1].

Figure 2 : Asymmetrical cross-section

σt σ f+( )2 3τ2+ ηRe≤

ωσc σ f+( )2 3τ2+ ηRe≤

σc 2 ω–( ) σ f+[ ]2 3τ2+ ηRe≤

σc 1 v′

v---- ω 1–( )+ σf+

2

3τ2+ ηRe≤

1 ω 1–( ) 180xl

-------------sin+


NR 526, Sec 4

Figure 3 : Effective length of buckling

1.4 Calculation of buckling coefficient forbeams

1.4.1 Effective length of buckling

The effective length of buckling l is defined in Fig 3 withrespect to the length L of the component under consideration.

1.4.2 Slenderness ratio

Slenderness ratio of the beam is equal to the followingvalue:

where:

l : Buckling length, in m, defined in [1.4.1]

l : Moment of inertia, in cm4, of the consideredcross-section

S : Cross sectional area, in cm2.

1.4.3 Buckling coefficient

The buckling coefficient ω is determined with the followingformula:

where:

with:

Re : Design yield stress, in N/mm2, defined in [1.3.1]

λ : Slenderness ratio defined in [1.4.2]

(where λ < 30 (235/Re)1/2, ω = 1 may be applied)

ζ : 0,1 for closed cross-section beams (tubes. boxbeams, etc.)

ζ : 0,17 for open cross-section beams (latticebeams, angle bars, I, T or U-shape sections,etc.).

For convenience, the values of ω for closed cross sectionbeams are listed in Tab 1 and those for open cross-sectionbeams in Tab 2. These ω values are calculated with a slen-derness ratio λ‘ corrected according to the yield stress Re ofthe steel used:

1.5 Verification of plate panels against buckling

1.5.1 As a rule, the verifications of plane plate panels areonly required when the constructional arrangements as perSec 2 are not complied with.

In such a case, strength against buckling of plane plate pan-els and of their possible stiffening is to be proved by rele-vant calculations which can be made in accordance withapplicable provisions of Part B, Ch 7, Sec 1, [5] of the Rulesfor Steel Ships.

Strength criteria as defined in Part B, Ch 7, Sec 1, [5] of theRules for Steel Ships above are to be applied multiplying by1,20 the stresses σ and τ determined in the considered ele-ment.

Other verification methods in compliance with recognizedstandards or codes may be accepted.

1.5.2 As a rule, cylindrical plate panels need not to beespecially checked. For these plates, the constructionalarrangements as per Sec 2, [2.2] are to be complied with.

2 Calculations for special components

2.1 Crane pedestals

2.1.1 Scantlings of crane pedestals are to be determinedtaking into account the calculation conditions indicated inSec 3 and strength criteria in [1.3].

It is to be noted that crane pedestals are, in any case, con-sidered as part of the normal ship classification.

2.1.2 Alternatively, it may be verified that any cross-sectionof the crane pedestal complies with the following condi-tion:

where:

W : Bending modulus, in cm3, of the consideredcross-section

λ 100lSI---=

ω B B2 A–+=

A 112 8x10 6– λ2 Re

235----------,=

B 0 5 A 1+( ), ζ A 0 2,–( )+=

λ′ λ Re

235----------=

1000 MW------ Q

S-----+

0 60Re,≤


NR 526, Sec 4

Table 1 : Buckling coefficient ω for beams with closed cross-section

S : Cross sectional area, in mm2, of the consideredcross-section

ψ0 SXi, SZi: Defined in Sec 3

xi zi : Distances, in m, defined in Sec 3, Fig 2

z : Distance, in m, from the considered cross sec-tion to the uppermost supporting deck.

This method of verification can only be applied if the heightH + h of the crane, in m (see Sec 3, Fig 2), is less than0,01D(235/Re)1/2, where D, in mm, is the external diameterof the crane pedestal. Other case may be considered spe-cially by the Society.

2.2 Slewing rings

2.2.1 The slewing ring bearings are to be given scantlingstaking into account the overturning moment M and thecompressive force Q calculated as per [2.1.2] at the ringlevel in working conditions.

2.2.2 It is the responsibility of the crane builder to give anattestation from the ring manufacturer fixing the maximumpermissible values for overturning moment and verticalforce in the working conditions. These values are not to belower than those calculated in [2.1.2].

The maximum permissible slewing torque is also to bespecified.

2.3 Bolting of cranes

2.3.1 The steel quality of bolts used for connecting cranesto crane pedestals or for connection of slewing rings is to benot less than grade (property class) 8.8.

The threading of screws is to be formed by rolling.

An attestation is to be handed over to the Surveyor certify-ing that bolts and nuts used are in compliance with recog-nized national or international standards.

2.3.2 The effective cross-sectional area (nominal stressarea), in mm2, of the threaded part of a bolt will be taken asequal to the following value:

Corrected slenderness ratioλ’ = λ (Re/235)1/2

Values of ωλ′ + 0 λ′ + 1 λ′ + 2 λ′ + 3 λ′ + 4 λ′ + 5 λ′ + 6 λ′ + 7 λ′ + 8 λ′ + 9

203040

1,0031,0261,054

1,0051,0291,057

1,0071,0321,061

1,0091,0341,064

1,0121,0371,067

1,0141,0401,071

1,0171,0431,074

1,0191,0451,078

1,0211,0481,082

1,0241,0511,086

506070

1,0901,1361,202

1,0941,1421,210

1,0981,1481,218

1,1021,1541,226

1,1071,1601,235

1,1111,1661,244

1,1161,1731,254

1,1211,1801,263

1,1261,1871,273

1,1311,1941,284

8090100

1,2951,4241,593

1,3061,4391,613

1,3171,4541,632

1,3291,4701,652

1,3421,4871,673

1,3541,5031,693

1,3671,5211,714

1,3811,5381,736

1,3951,5561,758

1,4091,5751,780

110120130

1,8032,0482,325

1,8262,0742,354

1,8492,1012,383

1,8732,1282,413

1,8972,1552,444

1,9212,1822,474

1,9462,2102,505

1,9712,2382,536

1,9962,2672,567

2,0222,2962,599

140150160

2,6302,9633,322

2,6632,9983,359

2,6953,0333,397

2,7283,0683,435

2,7603,1043,473

2,7943,1403,511

2,8273,1763,549

2,8613,2123,588

2,8953,2483,627

2,9293,2853,666

170180190

3,7064,1144,546

3,7464,1564,590

3,7864,1984,635

3,8264,2414,680

3,8664,2844,725

3,9074,3274,771

3,9484,3704,816

3,9894,4144,862

4,0304,4584,908

4,0724,5024,955

200210220

5,0015,4805,983

5,0485,5306,034

5,0955,5796,086

5,1435,6296,138

5,1905,6796,190

5,2385,7296,243

5,2865,7796,295

5,3345,8306,348

5,3835,8806,401

5,4325,9316,455

230240250

6,5087,0577,628

6,5627,1137,687

6,6167,1697,745

6,6707,2267,804

6,7257,2837,863

6,7807,3407,922

6,8357,3977,982

6,8907,4548,042

6,9457,5128,102

7,0017,5708,162

Note 1: Intermediate values can be obtained by linear interpolation.

M ψ0= SZixi SXi zi z–( )+[ ]i 0=

i 2=

∑

Q ψ0 SZi

i 0=

i 2=

∑=

Sbπ4--- db 0 94p,–( )2=


NR 526, Sec 4

Table 2 : Buckling coefficient ω for beams with open cross-section

where:

db : Nominal bolt diameter, in mm

p : Thread pitch, in mm.

If the diameter of the screw body is less than db - 0,94p thenominal stress area of the bolt is to be taken as equal to thecross-sectional area of the screw body.

If the thread pitch is not indicated, it is assumed that it is anISO metric threading complying with the ISO standard898/1-1978: Mechanical properties of fasteners - Part I:Bolts, screws and studs the pitch values (coarse thread) ofwhich are specified in Tab 3 according to the nominaldiameter of the bolt.

Table 3 : ISO metric thread value of thread pitch

2.3.3 The nominal stress area Sb, in mm2, of each bolt is tobe not less than the following value (see [2.3.2]):

where: M : Maximum overturning moment of the crane, in

kN.m, calculated as indicated in [2.1.1] or[2.1.2]

Q : Maximum vertical force, in kN, calculatedunder the same conditions as M

Dp : Pitch circle diameter of bolts, in mmn : Total number of bolts assumed regularly distrib-

uted on the pitch circle diameter Dp

Re : Yield stress of bolts, in N/mm2 (see Sec 2,[1.7.1]).

2.3.4 The tightening of bolts is to be checked by suitablemeans and the prestress applied is to be between 70% and80% of the yield stress of the bolts used.When the tightening is checked by measuring the torqueapplied, then the value of this torque is to be specified. Ifthe value, in daN.m, is not included between the minimumvalue Cmin and the maximum value Cmax, given hereunder,relevant explanations may be requested:

Cmin = 0,14 10-4SbDbRe

Cmax = 0,16 10-4SbDbRe

Corrected slenderness ratioλ’ = λ (Re/235)1/2

Values of ωλ′ + 0 λ′ + 1 λ′ + 2 λ′ + 3 λ′ + 4 λ′ + 5 λ′ + 6 λ′ + 7 λ′ + 8 λ′ + 9

203040

1,0041,0451,092

1,0081,0491,097

1,0121,0541,102

1,0161,0581,108

1,0201,0631,113

1,0241,0671,119

1,0281,0721,125

1,0321,0771,131

1,0361,0821,137

1,0411,0871,143

506070

1,1491,2231,319

1,1561,2321,330

1,1631,2401,341

1,1701,2491,353

1,1771,2581,365

1,1841,2681,377

1,1911,2771,390

1,1991,2871,403

1,2071,2981,416

1,2151,3081,429

8090100

1,4431,6011,793

1,4571,6181,814

1,4721,6371,836

1,4871,6551,858

1,5021,6741,880

1,5181,6931,902

1,5341,7121,925

1,5501,7321,948

1,5671,7521,972

1,5831,7721,996

110120130

2,0202,2792,568

2,0442,3062,598

2,0692,3342,629

2,0942,3622,660

2,1202,3912,691

2,1462,4202,723

2,1722,4492,755

2,1982,4782,787

2,2252,5082,819

2,2522,5382,852

140150160

2,8853,2293,599

2,9183,2653,638

2,9523,3013,676

2,9863,3383,715

3,0203,3743,754

3,0543,4113,794

3,0883,4483,834

3,1233,4863,873

3,1583,5233,914

3,1943,5613,954

170180190

3,9954,4144,858

4,0354,4584,904

4,0774,5014,950

4,1184,5454,996

4,1604,5895,043

4,2014,6335,089

4,2444,6785,136

4,2864,7235,183

4,3284,7685,231

4,3714,8135,278

200210220

5,3265,8186,333

5,3745,8686,385

5,4235,9196,438

5,4715,9706,492

5,5206,0216,545

5,5696,0726,599

5,6186,1246,653

5,6686,1766,707

5,7186,2286,761

5,7686,2806,816

230240250

6,8717,4328,017

6,9267,4908,077

6,9817,5488,137

7,0377,6058,197

7,0937,6648,257

7,1497,7228,318

7,2057,7818,379

7,2627,8398,440

7,3187,8988,501

7,3757,9588,563

Note 1: Intermediate values can be obtained by linear interpolation.

Nominal diameter db of the bolt, in mm

Thread pitch (coarse thread) p, in mm,

10121418243036

1620273339

22

1,51,75

22,53

3,54

Sb2150nRe

------------- 4000MDp

------------------- Q– =


NR 526, Sec 4

where:

Sb : Nominal stress area, in mm2, of the bolt as per[2.3.2]

db : Nominal diameter, in mm, of the bolt

Re : Yield stress, in N/mm2, of the bolt correspond-ing to its steel quality grade (see Sec 2, [1.6.1]).

Hereabove values for tightening torques are valid for bolts(screws, nuts and washers) suitably cleaned, without dust orrust, and slightly oiled.

2.4 Structural axles and hinges

2.4.1 The axles and hinges are calculated by direct calcula-tion. Arrangements are thus to be submitted to the Societyfor examination.

2.4.2 The allowable stresses for axle pins are given in Tab 4

Table 4 : Allowable stresses for axle pins

2.4.3 For simple arrangement, as shown on Fig 4, the bend-ing moment and shear stress may be calculated as follow:

where:

D, v, j, s : Dimensions in mm, as per Fig 4

F : Maximum force, in kN, acting on the axle pin.

2.4.4 The mean diametrical bearing pressure of axle pin onhinges should not exceed the yield stress in test loadingconditions of the appliance (bearing without rotation andsecured).

Figure 4 : Axle pin

2.4.5 Tensile stresses σ and τ are equal to:

where:F : Maximum tensile force acting on the hinge, in

operational conditions, in kNs, b, t : Dimensions in mm, as per Fig 5.

Figure 5 : Hinge

2.5 Crane jibs

2.5.1 Scantlings of crane jibs are to be checked in accor-dance with the calculation conditions specified in Sec 3and strength criteria specified in [1.2].

2.5.2 The risks of buckling of the jib is to be considered onthe vertical plane (plane XZ of Sec 3, Fig 2) and on theplane perpendicular to XZ including the longitudinal axis ofthe jib. In the first case, the jib will be considered hinge supportedat both ends and in the second case, fully constrained (bothagainst rotation and translation) at heel.

2.5.3 When the moment of inertia of the jib is not invari-able, the buckling coefficient ω defined in [1.4] can be cal-culated using a fictitious moment of inertia if obtained asfollows:If = ξlmwhere:

•

with q = (cos 90 ν)when the jib is as shown in figure (a) of Tab 5

• ξ = ξb = (0,2.10-3 + µ)q with q = 0,27 (1 - ν)2,2

when the end constraint conditions and form of the jibare as shown in figures (b) or (c) of Tab 5.

In these two formulae, the values µ and ν are as follows:

where:l1 : Moment of inertia, in cm4, at one end of the jib

length L, in mlm : Moment of inertia, in cm4, which is considered

as constant on jib part of length Lm (see Tab 5).

For both cases considered herebefore, the numerical valuesof ξ are given in table with respect to the values of µ and ν.

Allowable stresses, in N/mm2

Bending Shear

0,65Re 0,34Re

M F4--- s 2j v

2---+ +

=

τ 16 8( )F3πD2

------------------103=

σ F2bt---------103 0.65Re<=

τ F2st--------103 0.34Re<=

ξ ξa 1 µ–( )20 0255, 4

µln( )2----------------+

= =

q

µ l1

lm

----= and ν Lm

L------=


NR 526, Sec 4

Table 5 : Crane jib with variable inertia - Coefficient ξ

The slenderness ratio of the jib is calculated by the follow-ing formula:

where Sm is the cross sectional area, in cm2, of the jibassumed to be constant over the whole length Lm.

2.5.4 For calculation of jibs with lattice webs in the buck-ling plane, distortions due to shear forces are to be takeninto consideration.

In that case, the calculation methods given in [2.5.5] to[2.5.8] can be applied.

2.5.5 There are two examples of cross-sections of beams withlattice webs in Fig 6. The longitudinal elements are hereaftercalled members (elements of cross sectional area s or S).

2.5.6 The slenderness ratio λ of the entire jib is calculatedwith the following formula:

where:

A : Sectional area, in cm2, of the fictitious solid webequivalent to the two lattice webs with regard tojib distortions due to shear forces. Tab 6 givesthe value of a, in cm2, of the area of the fictitioussolid web equivalent to the lattice web depend-ing on the type of lattice. Generally, when thejib is made up of two identical lattice webs,A = 2a. When the two lattice webs are not iden-tical, A = a1 + a2 with a1 and a2 being the valuesof a, respectively, for each of the two webs

S, s : Sectional areas, in cm2, defined by Fig 6

Jibs as per figure (a) - Values of ξa

µ ν 0 0,2 0,4 0,5 0,6 0,7 0,8 0,9 1,0

0,010,020,03

0,1730,2110,240

0,2120,2540,284

0,3570,4010,431

0,4790,5200,549

0,6290,6630,685

0,7840,8060,820

0,9110,9210,927

0,9830,9850,986

1,01,01,0

0,040,060,08

0,2630,3030,336

0,3080,3480,382

0,4560,4950,526

0,5710,6050,632

0,7020,7290,749

0,8310,8470,859

0,9320,9390,944

0,9870,9880,989

1,01,01,0

0,100,150,20

0,3650,4270,480

0,4110,4720,523

0,5520,6060,649

0,6540,6990,734

0,7660,7980,823

0,8690,8880,903

0,9480,9560,962

0,9900,9920,993

1,01,01,0

0,300,400,50

0,5700,6470,716

0,6090,6810,745

0,7180,7740,822

0,7890,8330,869

0,8620,8910,915

0,9250,9410,955

0,9710,9770,982

0,9950,9960,997

1,01,01,0

0,600,801,00

0,7800,896

1,0

0,8030,907

1,0

0,8640,937

1,0

0,9010,955

1,0

0,9360,971

1,0

0,9660,985

1,0

0,9870,994

1,0

0,9980,999

1,0

1,01,01,0

Jibs as per figure (b) and (c) - Values of ξb

µ ν 0 0,2 0,4 0,5 0,6 0,7 0,8 0,9 1,0

0,010,020,03

0,2900,3490,389

0,4690,5250,561

0,6690,7100,736

0,7640,7950,814

0,8480,8690,882

0,9160,9280,935

0,9650,9700,973

0,9920,9930,994

1,01,01,0

0,040,060,08

0,4200,4680,506

0,5880,6290,659

0,7540,7810,801

0,8280,8480,862

0,8910,9040,913

0,9400,9480,953

0,9750,9780,980

0,9950,9950,996

1,01,01,0

0,100,150,20

0,5370,5990,648

0,6840,7310,767

0,8170,8470,868

0,8740,8950,910

0,9210,9340,944

0,9570,9640,970

0,9820,9850,987

0,9960,9970,997

1,01,01,0

0,300,400,50

0,7230,7810,829

0,8200,8600,892

0,9000,9230,941

0,9320,9480,960

0,9580,9680,975

0,9770,9830,987

0,9910,9930,995

0,9980,9980,999

1,01,01,0

0,600,801,00

0,8710,942

1,0

0,9190,964

1,0

0,9560,981

1,0

0,9700,987

1,0

0,9820,992

1,0

0,9900,996

1,0

0,9960,998

1,0

0,9990,999

1,0

1,01,01,0

λ 100L Sm

lf

------= λ 100l

r-------------

2

26S s+A

-----------+=


NR 526, Sec 4

Figure 6 : Cross-sections of beams with lattice webs

l : Effective length of buckling of the jib, in m, cor-responding to the buckling plane under consid-eration (see [2.5.2])

r : Radius of gyration of the jib, in cm, equal to:

• when moment of inertia of the jib is invari-able over its whole length:

• when moment of inertia of the jib is invari-able (see [2.5.3])

h : Pseudo-height, in cm, of the lattice web equalto the distance between the neutral axes of themembers

lf : Fictitious moment of inertia, in cm4, calculatedas indicated in [2.5.3] according to the momentof inertia in cm4

of the jib for the length Lm (see Tab 5).

2.5.7 The members are to satisfy the following strength cri-teria at the middle of the effective buckling length of the jib

where:

ω : Buckling coefficient of the entire jib calculatedas specified in [1.4] for open cross-sectionbeams (see Tab 2) according to the slendernessratio λ defined in [2.5.6]

ωs and ωS: Individual buckling coefficients of the memberswith, respectively, sectional areas s and S. Thesecoefficients are determined, as indicated in

[1.4], considering an effective buckling lengthequal to (see Tab 6) and the minimum momentof inertia of the member considered

F : Overall compressive force, in kN, applied to jib

Mf : Bending moment, in kN.m, calculated at themiddle of the effective buckling length of the jib

h : Pseudo-height, in cm, of the web of the cross-section considered (see Fig 6)

S, s : Sectional areas, in cm2, of members as definedin the Fig 6

η, Re : Defined in [1.3.1].

Verification of criterion (1) is sufficient when the sectionconsidered is symmetrical with respect to neutral axis (S = s)or when the bending moment compresses the members ofarea s at distance v, in case of an asymmetrical section.

Criteria (2) and (3) are to be checked only in case of asym-metrical section when the bending moment compresses themembers of area S at distance v’ (then criterion (1) is notapplicable in this case).

Strength criteria (1), (2) and (3) can be applied at any pointat a distance x, in m, from the end of jib buckling length(see Fig 6), by replacing ω with:

where l is the buckling length, in m, defined in [1.4.1].

2.5.8 Forces F1 and F2, in kN, in lattices (diagonals or struts)with areas S1 and S2 respectively (see Tab 5) are determinedby means of the following formulae at ends of the effectivebuckling length of the jib:

• for diagonals with area s1 of all types of lattices:

• for diagonals with area s2 of asymmetrical V shape lat-tices:

• for struts with area s2 of N and K shape lattices:

where:

Fc, h, s and S: are defined in [2.5.7]

l : Effective buckling length, in m, of the jib

T : Shear force, in kN, in the section considered

θ1, θ2 : Angles defined in Tab 6.

The following strength criteria is to be met:

r hS s+----------- Ss=

r 4S s+-----------=

lmh2SsS s+-----------=

1 ) 10FcωS s+

----------------1000Mf

hs--------------------+

ωs ηRe≤

2 )10Fc ω 2–( )

S s+------------------------------

1000Mf

hS-------------------- ηRe≤+

3 ) 10Fc

S s+------------ 1 s

S---+ ω 1–( ) 1000Mf

hS--------------------+

ωs ηRe≤

1 ω 1–( ) 180xl

-------------sin+

F1Tf T+

θ1sin--------------=

F2Tf T+

θ2sin--------------=

F2 Tf T+=

TfπFc ω 1–( )hs100l S s+( )

----------------------------------=

10Fiωi

si

----------------- πRe≤


NR 526, Sec 4

Table 6 : Area a of the solid web equivalent to a lattice web

where:

Fi : Force, in kN, calculated as specified above, forlattice with area Si

ωi : Individual buckling coefficient of the diagonalor strut considered. This coefficient is calcu-lated, as specified in [1.4], with an effectivebuckling length equal to li (or h for struts: seeTab 6) and the minimum moment of bendinginertia of the lattice concerned

η, Re : Defined in [1.3.1].

3 Hull connections

3.1 General

3.1.1 The ship structure is to be suitably reinforced in thearea of crane attachments in order to avoid excessive localstresses or possible buckling of the deck plating.

Type of lattice Value of a, in cm2

or a = 1,3 s1 sin 2 θ1 sin θ1

or

or

or

a 1 3h2lm,=

s1

l13

----

a 2 6h2lm,=

s1s2

s1l23 s2l1

3+--------------------------

a 2 6 θ1 θ2+( )s1s2sin2θ1sin2θ2

s1sin3θ1 s2sin3θ2+-------------------------------------------------sin,=

a 2 6h2lm

s1s2

s1h3 s2l13+

---------------------------,=

a 1 3 2θ1s1s2sinθ1

s1sin3θ1 s2+--------------------------------sin,=

a 10 4h2lm

s1s2

s1h3 8s2l13+

------------------------------,=

a 2 6 2sin θ1s1s2 θ1sin

s1sin3θ1 s2+--------------------------------,=


NR 526, Sec 4

3.1.2 Crane pedestals are normally to be attached to twodecks at least or to one deck and a deckhouse. In the lattercase, the deckhouse is to be of substantial construction andstrongly attached to the ship structure in order to give effi-cient fastening to the crane in all directions.Efficient supports are to be provided at the lower part of thecrane pedestals to withstand the vertical forces acting onthem. For this purpose it is recommended to fit cranes inway of a transversal or longitudinal bulkhead.

3.1.3 As indicated in Sec 2, [2.5.2] the structure of cranepedestals should be continuous through the uppermostdeck where they are attached.

3.2 Direct calculations

3.2.1 When direct calculations are made to check thescantlings of the local structures to which the crane isattached, the following strength criterion is to be met:

or, with the wind effect:

where: σ : Normal stress, in N/mm2, calculated consider-

ing the bending moments and the tensile andcompressive forces

τ : Shear stress, in N/mm2, calculated consideringthe torsional moment and the shear forces

Re(d) : Yield stress of the local structure concerned.

3.2.2 The overturning moment Md, in kN.m, is to be takenequal to the value of M calculated as indicated in [2.1.2].

3.2.3 The total compression force C, in kN, exerted by thepedestal on the ship structure is to be taken equal to the fol-lowing value, as applicable:

Q value determined as indicated in [2.1.2] increased by thedead weight of the crane pedestal (the dead weight, in kN,of the crane pedestal may be taken equal to 0,3HDe.10-3

where H, D and e are defined in [2.1.2]).

3.2.4 The horizontal reaction Rd, in kN, exerted by eachattachment deck is to be taken equal to:

where H’ is, in m, the tweendeck height.

3.2.5 As a rule, the reaction force of the deck is to consid-ered as entirely transmitted to the crane pedestal by shearforces.

In such a case and when crane pedestal of circular cross-section is concerned, in order to calculate the shear stress inthe deck (or in the weld) a deck (or weld) sectional area ofefficient length equal to 2/3 the external diameter of thecrane pedestal is to be considered on both sides of the latter.

4 Equipment and machinery

4.1 Ropes and steel wire ropes

4.1.1 The guaranteed effective breaking force of a wirerope is to be not less than:

where:

η : Safety coefficient defined in Tab 7

T : Maximum rope tension, in kN, calculated onthe base of loads and loadcases defined in Sec 3

Ψcz : Defined in Sec 3, [2.1.2].

Ψ0 : Defined in Sec 3, [1.2.2].

Table 7 : Safety coefficient for ropes

σ2 3τ2+ 0 63Re d( ),≤

σ2 3τ2+ 0 71 Re d( ),≤

RdMd

H ′-------=

ηTΨCZΨ0

-----------------

ConditionsMaterial

Steel Synthetic

Harbour No lifting of personnel

P = SWL(t) P < 10t 10t < P < 160t P > 160t

4,5Running rigging 5,0 3,0

Standing rigging 4,0 2,7

OffshoreLifting of personnel 4,0 5,0

No lifting of personnel 3,0 4,5

Lifting of submarine crafts

Manned craft 4,0 5,0

Unmanned craft 3,5 4,5

Note 1:The attention of the owners, the Operators and the Manufacturers is drawn to the fact that National regulations may includemore stringent provisions in this respect. In particular, French Flag Authorities have the following requirements for utilization of syn-thetic ropes:• for d ≤ 12 η = 12• for 12 < d ≤ 17 η = 10 • for 17 < d ≤ 23 η = 8• for 23 < d ≤ 39 η = 7• for d > 39 η = 6

10000 885P, 191+------------------------------------

10000 85P, 242+---------------------------------


NR 526, Sec 4

4.2 Diameter of block sheaves

4.2.1 As a rule, the diameter D of block sheaves measuredto the base of the rope groove is to be not less than thevalue indicated in Tab 8 according to the nominal diameterd of the rope and the duty category of the crane (see Sec 3,[1.2]).

4.2.2 When the coefficient of utilization η’ of a ropereeved on a block is greater than the minimum value ηrequired by Tab 8, the minimum diameter Dmin of thesheaves can be reduced to:

Dmin = D (η/η’)1/2

where:Dmin : minimum diameter in mm, η’ : coefficient of utilization of a rope reeved on a

block

(η/η’)1/2 is not to be taken less than 0,89.

Table 8 : Diameter of block sheaves

4.3 Accessories

4.3.1 Accessories used for cranes are to be in compliancewith the applicable requirements of Sec 5.

4.3.2 The individual SWL of items of loose gear can bedetermined on the basis of the most severe results of theloading cases Ia and lb as defined in Sec 3, [4.2.1], takinginto account that coefficients Ψo and ΨCZ are equal to 1except for grab cranes for which coefficient Ψo will be takenequal to 1,20 and G0 = 0.

4.4 Winches

4.4.1 Winches used are to be in compliance with the appli-cable requirements of Sec 7.

4.4.2 When winches are manufactured by a sub-contractorof the crane manufacturer, they are to be tested accordingto Sec 7 at the sub-contractor’s works, unless otherwiseagreed with the crane manufacturer.

The individual tests of the winches do not relieve from thenecessity of carrying out the tests required in Sec 10 whenthe winches are fitted on the crane.

4.5 Electrical installations and hydraulicsystems

4.5.1 Electrical installations and hydraulic and pneumaticsystems are to be in compliance with the requirements ofSec 8.

4.5.2 In particular, the scantlings of the hydraulic luffingcylinders are defined in Sec 8, [2.3].

4.6 Safety devices

4.6.1 In accordance with the general principle specified inSec 9, cranes are to be designed so that any damage topump, motor, monitoring system, electrical or hydraulicfluid supply will not cause the load to drop or the applianceto be out of control and thus endanger the life of operatorsor of the personnel onboard.

In particular, cranes are to be fitted with automatic devicesto maintain them in position in the case of electrical powerfailure or rupture of any hydraulic fluid pipe under pressure.In such a case means shall be provided to lower the load atcontrolled speed.

Duty category Diameter D of block sheaves

IIIIIIIV

17d18d19d20d


NR 526, Sec 5

SECTION 5 LOOSE GEAR AND REMOVABLE ACCESSORIES

1 General

1.1 Definition of loose gear and otherremovable accessories

1.1.1 Loose gear includes all items not permanentlyattached to the structures of the lifting appliances andwhich must be tested separately in compliance with theprovisions of Sec 10, [7].

These items may be interchangeable amongst various appa-ratus. Items of loose gear are the following:

• blocks

• hooks

• shackles

• swivels

• chains

• triangle plates

• rings

• rigging screws

• slings

• lifting beams

• hand operated tackles with pitched chains, rings, hooks,shackles and swivels permanently attached to

• other movable items having a similar use to items listedabove.

1.1.2 Other removable accessories are those which are notsubmitted to individual tests prior to fitting onboard, forexample span trunnions, goosenecks, etc.

1.2 Materials

1.2.1 If materials used for the construction of loose acces-sories are not in compliance with the specification, theymust comply with international or national standards orwith other approved specifications.

The choice of materials is to be submitted to the Society foracceptance.

1.2.2 The steel used to manufacture the chains for liftingpurposes fall into five quality grade marks shown in Tab 1according to the provisions of ISO standard 1834 - 1980.

1.2.3 For other items of loose gear, the mean breakingstress of which cannot be defined, the quality grade marksare shown on Tab 2.

Table 1 : Steel quality grade marks of chains for liftingpurposes according to ISO 1834 - 1980

Table 2 : Steel quality grade marks of items of loosegear (chains excluded)

1.2.4 For inspection of materials at works, refer to provi-sions of Sec 10, [3.1].

1.3 Constructional arrangements

1.3.1 The welding of items of loose gear of lifting appli-ances (in case of welded accessories) is to be in accordancewith the provisions of Sec 10, [2]. The inspection of weldingis to be made in compliance with the provisions of Sec 10,[3.2] to Sec 10, [3.5].

1.3.2 Loose gear and other accessories are to be designedand built to reduce stress concentration factors as much aspossible.

1.3.3 Lubrication of all bearings is to be provided foraccording to manufacturer’s instruction.

1.3.4 It is recommended to use the same dimensions forsimilar items as much as possible, whatever their position inthe rig may be in order to facilitate their checking and inter-changeability.

Furthermore, after each examination, it must be ensuredthat items are used in the position for which they were orig-inally designed.

Quality grade mark

Steel gradeMean breaking stress σm

of a chain sample,in N/mm2

LMPST

Mild steelHigh tensile steelAlloy steelAlloy steelAlloy steel

315 ≤ σm < 400400 ≤ σm < 500500 ≤ σm < 630630 ≤ σm < 800800 ≤ σm < 1 000

Quality grade mark

Steel gradeTensile strength R,

in N/mm2

LMPSTV

Mild steelOrdinary steelHigh tensile steelVery high tensile steelSpecial steelSpecial steel

R < 400400 ≤ R < 500500 ≤ R < 630630 ≤ R < 800800 ≤ R < 1 000 R ≥ 1 000

Note 1: These quality grade marks are only defined for mark-ing of items of loose gear as stated in Sec 10, [10].


NR 526, Sec 5

2 Definition of the individual SWL ofitems of loose gear

2.1 General

2.1.1 As a rule, loose gear are to chosen in compliancewith recognized national or international standards.

2.1.2 The following items of loose gear:

• blocks and head fittings

• shackles

• triangle plates

may be calculated using the rules defined in [3].

2.2 Definition of the individual SWL

2.2.1 As indicated in Sec 1, [1.4.4], the SWL (safe workingload) of an item of loose gear is the maximum mass that it isdesigned to carry vertically, except for single sheave blockthe SWL of which is defined as indicated in [2.2.3], withregard to [2.2.2].

2.2.2 It is recommended that the SWL of all blocks, espe-cially that of single sheave blocks and the SWL of associ-ated shackles be determined considering that the haulingpart of rope is parallel to other rope parts even if this theo-retical disposition does not correspond exactly to theactual.

When this recommendation is complied with, it is unneces-sary to take into account the efficiency of the block to deter-mine its SWL.

Note 1: However, the SWL of blocks and associated shackles maybe determined on the basis of vectorial composition of forcesexerted by all rope parts reeved on the block by considering themost unfavorable direction of the hauling part. Attention is drawnto the disadvantage of this procedure that, if, for any reason, thedirection of the hauling part of rope is to be modified later (forexample, moving of a lead block for reasons of space), the SWL. ofblock and associated shackle may become insufficient.

2.2.3 Single sheave blocks

a) The SWL of a single sheave block (with or withoutbecket) is defined as being equal to half of the maxi-mum mass that the block is designed to carry vertically,when this mass is attached to the head fitting of theblock, as shown in Fig 1 (a) and Fig 2 (a).

Note 1: If the recommendation in [2.2.2] is not carried out, i.e.when the direction of the hauling part of rope is not consideredparallel to the other parts of rope, the SWL of a single sheaveblock is not to be less than half of the maximum load exertedon its head fitting.

Note 2: Generally, the head fitting of a block is considered as a partof the block end consequently it is not necessary to assign anindividual SWL However, it should be noted that this item is tobe given scantlings for a load equal to double the SWL of theblock, in the case of a single sheave block.

b) In the case of a single sheave block without becket, Fig1(b) shows that it is only permitted to lift a mass equal tothe SWL of the block, when this mass is attached to oneof the ends of the rope fitted to the block and when thehauling part of rope is parallel to the rope part support-ing the load.

c) In case of a single sheave block with becket (SWL = M),Fig 2(b) shows that it is possible to lift a load equal to 4/3M, when the load is applied on two parts of the ropereeved on the block and when the hauling part of rope isparallel to the two parts supporting the load. The becketis to be assigned an individual SWL equal to 2/3 M.

Note 3: If the recommendation in [2.2.2] is not carried out, that iswhen the hauling part of rope is not considered parallel to theother parts, the becket is to be assigned a SWL equal to themaximum load exerted by the rope.

Note 4: Attention is drawn to the existence of definitions concern-ing single sheave blocks with becket which unfortunately differfrom the one of the present Rules.

Consequently, before using a single sheave block with becket.it is necessary to make sure that the block is suitable for theintended service, by checking on the force diagrams that themaximum force which will be applied to it, is compatible withthe test load indicated on the test certificate. A simple check ofthe SWL stamped on the block is insufficient.

If a different definition is in force under national regulations inthe country of ship registry, this latter may be used.

Figure 1 : Load which can be lifted with a singlesheave block without becket


NR 526, Sec 5

Figure 2 : Load which can be lifted with a singlesheave block with becket

Figure 3 : Blocks

2.2.4 The SWL of a multiple sheave block is equal to themaximum resultant load admissible on its head fitting (seethe recommendation formulated in [2.2.2]).

In case of a multiple sheave block with a becket, an individ-ual SWL is to be assigned to the becket. It is normallydefined, taking into account the efficiency of the sheaves byusing tension to as defined in App 2, Tab 1, in loweringcondition.

2.2.5 The SWL of a lifting beam, spreader or similar liftingaid is the maximum load that the device is able to lift.

Consequently, these elements are to be used at full loadonly on lifting appliances for which the SWL is at leastequal to the SWL of the item under consideration increasedby the weight of the lifting beam.

Some lifting beams may have several SWL corresponding todifferent modes of suspending the load and/or correspond-ing to different lifting systems.

An individual SWL is to be assigned to constituent items,such as hooks, shackles, rings, chains or slings.

3 Particular items of loose gear

3.1 Blocks and head fittings

3.1.1 GeneralThe head fittings of blocks may be double lugs, oval eyes,round eyes. For scantling rules, see [3.1.2].

As a rule, the safety coefficient of the different elementsmaking up the block with regard to the breaking strength isnot to be less than 4 when the item is supporting its SWL.For the definition of the SWL, see [2.2].

Some elements (pins, straps bearings, head fittings, etc.), asper Fig 3 and Fig 4, may be calculated by applying rulesdefined in [3.1.3].

Figure 4 : Blocks


NR 526, Sec 5

3.1.2 Constructional arrangementsa) Diameter of sheave measured to the base of the rope

groove.Sheave diameters depend on rope diameters.The ratio between the sheave diameter and the ropediameter is defined in Sec 4, [4.2].For masts and posts with derrick booms used for loadingand unloading of ships, the sheave diameter is, at least,equal to 14 times the diameter of the wire rope whenthe wire rope is operated under load.This ratio is to be at least equal to 9 when the wire ropeis not operated under load (for example in case of der-rick systems where topping is not adjusted under load).In the case of blocks for use with fibre ropes, the sheavediameter is at least equal to 5 times the diameter of thefibre rope used.

b) Groove of sheavesThe groove must be free of defects liable to damageropes.Its depth is normally to be equal to the diameter of theassociated rope.The groove radius must be at least 8% greater than theradius of the wire rope. Where fibre ropes are used, thegroove depth of the sheave is not to be less than one thirdof the diameter of the fibre rope. The groove radius mustbe at least 8% greater than the radius of the fibre rope.

c) Axle pins are to be secured against rotation and lateralmovement.

d) Blocks must be designed to prevent ropes from jammingbetween sheaves and they must be designed to preventropes from slipping off the sheave.

e) Blocks with hook-type head fittings are not allowed.

f) Provision is to be made for ensuring good lubrication ofall bearings.

3.1.3 Scantling rulesa) In reeving calculations, a loss due to friction of 5% for

sheaves with bushed bearings and 2% for sheaves withroller bearings must be used. (See App 2).

b) Sheave bearingsAs a rule, the diametrical pressure on the sheave bear-ings is not to be greater than 0,15 times the yield stress,in operational condition.

c) Sheave axlesThe sheave axles are calculated by direct calculation.The bending moment is:

with v not taken as greater than 2D.The shear stress is:

where:s, v, j, D, F: Dimensions, in mm, as per Fig 5F : Maximum force, in kN, acting on the axle

pin in operational condition.

The allowable stresses for the axle pins are:

• Bending stress:

when F ≤ 250: 0,45 Re

when F ≥ 1600: 0,68 Re

• Shear stress:

F < 250: 0,34 Re

250 < F < 1600: 0,36 Re

F ≥ 1600: 0,38Re

Re is the design yield stress.

The formulae given before are suitable in the case ofconstructional arrangements, as shown before and maybe used to other items of similar design. Substantiallydifferent arrangements are to be submitted to the Soci-ety for special examination.

d) Side plates of blocks

The mean diametrical bearing pressure of axle pin onthe side plates of blocks is not, as a rule, to exceed theyield stress, in test loading conditions (bearing withoutrotation and secured), where:

F : the tensile force acting on the side plate, inkN

s, b, t : Dimensions in mm, as per Fig 6.

Figure 5 : Axle pin

Dimension b, L and t in mm

Figure 6 : Hinge

MfF4--- s 2j v

2---+ +

10 3–=

τ 16F3πD2--------------103=

when 250 < F < 1600: 0 45 F0 6F, 100+-----------------------------

Re,


NR 526, Sec 5

• The tensile stress σ, equal to:

is to be not greater than:

when F ≤ 250: 0,25 Re

when F ≥ 1600: 0,38 Re

• The shear stress τ, equal to:

is to be not greater than:

when F ≤ 250: 0,20 Re

when F ≥ 1600: 0,30 Re

e) Block head fittings

These components are to comply with national or inter-national standards.

For guidance, these components can be as shown in Fig 7,Fig 8, Fig 9 and be calculated as follows:

If F is the total tensile force applied to the head fitting,corresponding to its SWL, it can be checked that:

D is the minimum bolt diameter at bottom of threads, inmm:

D = Do − 1,227 p

where Do and p are, in mm, the nominal diameter andthe thread pitch, respectively.

These formulae are for mild steels. They can be reducedwhen using high tensile steel, by multiplying the her-ebefore formulae by:

The design yield stress Re , in N/mm2, is defined in Sec 4,[1.3.1].

Nuts are to have dimensions adequate for bolt diametersand be fitted with efficient locking devices. The depth ofnuts will be about equal to their diameter.

Figure 7 : Oval eye

D : As calculated in this item e)

H = 0,8 k2/3 d

G = 1,1 d + 4

B = 3,1 d + 4

A = B + 2 H

r = 0,15 d

k : Defined in this item e)

d : Diameter of the associated shackle pin deter-mined as indicated in [3.2.6] for mild steel.

Figure 8 : Round eye


d1 = 1,07 d + 3

d2 = d1 + k d

b = k d

r = 0,15 d



σ F2bt---------103=

when 250 < F < 1600: 0 25 F0 6F, 100+-----------------------------

Re,

τ F2st--------103=

when 250 < F < 1600: 0 20 F0 6F, 100+-----------------------------

Re,

for F 250 kN:≤ D 4 7 F,≥

for 250 kN < F < 1600 kN: D 4 7 0 6F, 100+,≥

for F 1600 kN:≥ D 3 8 F,≥

k 235Re

----------=


NR 526, Sec 5

Figure 9 : Double lugs


d1 = 1,07 d + 3

d2 = d1 + k d

b = 0,5 k d

c = 1,1 d + 4

l = 0,6 k d

h = 1,15 d + l + 5

r = 0,15 d



f) Beckets

The beckets as per Fig 10 may be calculated as follows:

d1 = 1,07 d + 3

d2 = d1 + k d

a = k d

where:

k : Defined in item e)

d : Diameter of the associated shackle pindetermined as indicated in [3.2.6] for mildsteel.

The dimension b is to be in accordance with the breadthof the sheave and at least equal to the value a definedabove.

Figure 10 : Beckets

3.2 Shackles

3.2.1 The SWL is defined in [2.2].

3.2.2 The pin may be screwed into the eye of the shacklebody or consist of a bolt with head and nut or a pin with asecuring pin.

Pins must be properly secured.

3.2.3 Pins of bolt type should be used for fastening thecargo blocks, span blocks, guy blocks, as well as the ropeends to the derrick head fittings. beckets and mast eyes (forstayed masts).

3.2.4 Bow shackles may be used as cargo shackles.

3.2.5 Shackles used for cargo hooks and cargo hook swiv-els should have, as a rule, pins without nuts screwed in theshackle body.

3.2.6 The scantlings of the straight shackles and of the bowshackles are given hereunder, where:

F : SWF of the shackle, in kN.

a) Straight shackles as per Fig 11

The following formulae are given for mild steels(Re = 235 N/mm2):

d : Diameter of the shackle pin, equal to:

when 250 kN < F < 1600 kN:

d1 = 0,9 d

a = 1,4 d (see [3.2.7])

b = 3,6 d

d2 = 1,01 d + 1

d3 = 2 d

r = d with d, d1, d2, d3, a, b and r in mm.

Figure 11 : Straight shackle

when F 250 kN:≤ d 4 4 F, 2+=

d 4 4 F 0 6, 100F

----------+3

2+,

235Re

----------×=

when F 1600 kN:≥ d 3 9 F,=


NR 526, Sec 5

b) Bow shackles as per Fig 12

The following formulae are given for mild steels(Re = 235 N/mm2):

d : Diameter of the shackle pin, equal to valuesgiven in a) above for straight shackles

d1 = d

a = 1,4 d (see [3.2.7])

b = 4 d

d2 = 1,01 d + 1

d3 = 2 d

r = d

r1 = 0,8 a (see [3.2.8])

r2 = r1 + d1

with d, d1, d2, d3, a, b, r, r1 and r2 in mm.

When using high tensile steel, values d, d1, d2 and d3 maybe reduced in the proportion (235/Re)1/3.

The design yield stress Re, in N/mm2, is defined in Sec 4,[1.3.1].

Figure 12 : Bow shackle

3.2.7 When the width of jaw is greater than the value agiven in [3.2.6] (a > 1,4 d), the diameter d of the shacklepin, determined as indicated in [3.2.6], is to be increased inthe proportion (a/1,4 d)1/3.

Other shackle dimensions are obtained using the formulaegiven in [3.2.6] in terms of the so increased diameter d.

3.2.8 When the inside width radius of a bow shackle bodyis greater than the value r1 given in [3.2.6] (r1 > 0,8 a), thediameter d1 of the shackle body, determined as indicated in[3.2.6] and possibly in [3.2.7], is to be increased in the pro-portion (r1/0,8 a)1/3.

3.3 Triangle plates

3.3.1 The triangle plates, as per Fig 13, may be calculatedas follows.

F : SWF of the triangle plate, in kN

d : Diameter of the associated shackle pin deter-mined as indicated in [3.2.6] for mild steel interms of SWF F.

The formulae are given for mild steels:

d1 = 1,1 d + 3

a = 0,7 d + 2

b = 2,5 d + 20

r = 0,5 d1 + 0,8 d

with d, d1, a, b and r in mm.

When using high tensile steel, the value a may be reduced.

Figure 13 : Triangle plate

3.4 Other removable accessories (not sub-mitted to individual tests)

3.4.1 Loose accessories not submitted to tests, such as spantrunnions, goosenecks, etc., will be chosen, as a rule, inaccordance with national or international standards.

4 Lifting beams

4.1 General

4.1.1 Constructional drawings of lifting beams are to besubmitted to Society for approval, in compliance with therequirements of Sec 1, [6]. SWL and test loads are to beshown on these drawings.

4.1.2 The SWL of a lifting beam is the maximum load thatthe lifting beam is able to lift.

4.1.3 It is recommended, if possible, to distribute loads uni-formly, between the different lifting points.

4.1.4 Steels used in construction are to be shown on thescantling drawings. They are to be in accordance with therequirements of [1.2]. Welding and its inspection mustcomply with the requirements of Sec 10, [3] to Sec 10, [2].

4.1.5 Lifting beams are to be designed such as to reducestress concentration factors as much as possible.

4.2 Determination of scantlings

4.2.1 Lifting beam scantlings are determined by direct cal-culation. They must take into account the weight and anglesof the slings. If the slings are oblique the stresses due to thehorizontal component are to be combined with bendingstresses.


NR 526, Sec 5

4.2.2 The combined stress at any point on the lifting beamis not to exceed the values in Tab 3.

The design yield stress Re is defined in Sec 4, [1.3.1].

4.2.3 The strength of lifting beams against buckling is to bejustified mainly for lifting beams in high tensile steel.

For verification of the lifting beam with respect to bucklingof the whole structure, the strength criteria defined in Sec 4,[1.3.4] can be applied. The coefficient η used in these crite-ria will be taken equal to σa/Re.

For verifications with respect to local buckling, provisionsof Sec 4, [1.5] can be applied.

Table 3 : Allowable stresses

SWL of the lifting beam, in t Allowable stress σa

SWL ≤ 1010 < SWL < 160

SWL ≥ 160

0,40 Re

(0,002 SWL + 0,430) Re

0,75 Re


NR 526, Sec 6

SECTION 6 ROPES

1 General

1.1 Application

1.1.1 This Section deals with the manufacture of the wireand synthetic fibre ropes used in various parts of the cargogear which form the subject of this Rule Note.

1.2 General

1.2.1 In this Section all wire and fibre ropes which arereeved through blocks, wound on winches or belayed oncleats are considered as part of the running rigging even ifthey are not moved under load.

1.2.2 Ropes which are not part of the running rigging suchas shrouds, stays, guy pendants and preventer guys, belongto the standing rigging.

1.2.3 Lengthening of ropes by splicing or clamps is not per-mitted; they are to be made in one continuous length.

1.2.4 The diameter of a wire or fibre rope is the diameter ofthe circumscribed circumference about its cross-section.

1.2.5 The utilization coefficient of a wire rope or fibre ropeis equal to the actual breaking force of the wire rope or fibrerope (which is to be proved by breaking tests) divided by themaximum tensile force calculated in accordance with therequirements of Sec 3 (especially in taking into account theefficiency of the sheaves and tackles as mentioned in Sec 3,[1.1.4].

1.2.6 It is the responsibility of the manufacturer of the lift-ing appliance to select the type of wire ropes or fibre ropesaccording to the contemplated use, the diameters of theblocks and winch drums, the number of turns on the drums,the instructions of the manufacturer and to the requirementsand recommendations of this section.

1.2.7 Use of wire ropes or fibre ropes, the materials, manu-facturing or characteristics of which are not entirely inaccordance with the requirements of this section may beaccepted subject to special examination by the Society.

2 Materials and manufacture of steelwire ropes and fibre ropes

2.1 Steel wire ropes

2.1.1 Steel wire ropes are to be in accordance with require-ments of Ch 4, Sec 1, [4] of NR216 Materials and Welding.

2.2 Fibre ropes

2.2.1 Fibre ropes are to be in accordance with Ch 4, Sec 1,[5] of NR216 Materials and Welding.

3 Running rigging

3.1 General

3.1.1 For the running rigging, it is recommended to usesteel regular lay ropes with parallel wires (Seale, War-rington, Filler or Warrington-Seale ropes).

3.1.2 The ropes must consist of six strands at least laidaround a centre core. This core is usually made of fibres;however, if the rope is to be wound around the winch drumin more than two or three layers, the use of a rope withmetal core is recommended.

3.1.3 The number of wires in each strand is not to be lessthan 19 for ropes with fibre core and 31 for ropes withmetal core.

3.1.4 The tensile grades 1570 and 1770 are recommended.The tensile grade 1960 are to be reserved for large diameterropes.

3.2 Safety coefficients

3.2.1 Steel wire ropesThe coefficient of utilization η of a wire rope used in run-ning rigging of a lifting appliance of SWL P is not to be lessthan the value indicated in Sec 4, [4.1].

When a lifting appliance has several different SWL, forexample P1 and P2, the breaking force of a steel wire ropeused in running rigging of this appliance is not to be lessthan:• η1 T1 if the wire rope is stressed by the SWL P1 only

• η2 T2 if the wire rope is stressed by the SWL P2 only

• the greater of the two above mentioned values if thewire rope may be stressed either by the SWL P1 or SWLP2, unsimultaneously

• η2 (T1 + T2) if the wire rope may be stressed simulta-neously by the SWL P1 and P2, in considering P2 ≥ P1

3.3 Cargo runners

3.3.1 The cargo runners are to consist of steel regular layropes.

3.3.2 The use of Lang lay ropes having one layer of strandsonly is not permitted.

3.3.3 Preformed wire ropes are to not be used for singlerope lifting.


NR 526, Sec 6

3.3.4 Non-rotating ropes are to be used only if necessary(see [2.2]).

3.3.5 The length of the cargo runner is to be sufficient inany circumstances to allow the appliance to lower thecargo down to the bottom of the hold and also down to thesea level, the crane jib being at the maximum authorized orpracticable topping angle. In such conditions at least threesafety turns of rope are to remain on the cargo winch drum.

3.4 Span ropes

3.4.1 The span tackle ropes must consist of steel wireropes.

3.4.2 The length of the span tackle rope is to be such that,when the crane is at its maximum outreach position, at leastthree safety turns of rope remain on the span winch drum.Two safety turns are sufficient in stowed position.

3.5 Slewing guy ropes

3.5.1 Synthetic fibre ropes may be used in the slewing guytackles if the slewing winches are not motorized or if theforce applied on the guy unit does not exceed 40 kN. Forhigher forces steel wire ropes are to be used.

4 Wire and fibre rope terminals acces-sories

4.1 General

4.1.1 All rope terminations are to be spliced on thimbles orfitted with sockets or equivalent except for terminations ofwire or fibre ropes connected to winch drums and exceptfor terminations of fibre ropes belayed over cleats or bol-lards which may be fitted with packing or with pressedsleeves.

4.2 Spliced terminal loops

4.2.1 Normally, the splices of termination loops of wire orfibre ropes are to include at least five tucks among whichthree (or four) are to be carried out with all the strands priorto cutting half of them; the two (or single) following tucksbeing carried out with the remaining half of the strands. Thesplice terminations are to be strongly tied up by a seizing orby a sleeve.

4.2.2 When cable-laid ropes are concerned, specially forthe termination loops of single slings, the splices are to bemade as per [4.2.1] with the unit ropes of the cable-laidrope instead of the strands.

4.2.3 Terminal loops with splices carried out by othermethods or with pressed sleeves or terminated by a combi-nation of splice and sleeve may be accepted provided theyare equivalent in strength. Breaking tests may be requiredon a sample of such loops. In such a case, breaking is not tooccur under a load lower than 0,9 times the guaranteedbreaking load of the wire or fibre rope.

4.3 Thimbles

4.3.1 Used thimbles are to be in compliance with recog-nized standards and suited to the diameter as well as to thebreaking load of the associated wire or fibre rope.

They are to be galvanized.

4.3.2 Solid thimbles are recommended when they are con-nected with straight pins (e.g. shackle pin).

4.3.3 Heart-shaped thimbles with open or welded point arerecommended for connection with curved parts (e.g.shackle body).

4.3.4 Normally, individual tests of thimbles are notrequired but, when provided, they are to comply with therequirements for loose gear (see Sec 10, [7]).

4.4 Rope terminations with sockets

4.4.1 Terminations of ropes with sockets are to complywith recognized standards. The safe working force of asocket is not to be lower than the maximum tension deter-mined in the associated wire or fibre rope.

Sockets or similar end connections (either through sleevingand/or jamming) which do not comply with standards are tobe submitted to the Society for approval. Breaking tests on asample may be required.

4.4.2 As a rule, the termination sockets are to be tested asrequired for loose gear (see Sec 10, [7]). If these tests are notcarried out, a breaking test may be required for one socketof each size in order to prove that the ultimate strength ofthe connection is not less than 0,9 times the required actualbreaking force of the associated wire or fibre rope.

4.5 Clamps

4.5.1 Normally, rope termination pressure connectionswith rope fasteners or other clamps are not permitted in thevarious parts of the lifting appliances dealt with in this RuleNote, without special agreement of the Society which mayrequire special tests to be carried out to make sure of theefficiency of the connection.

4.5.2 The use of rope fasteners to lengthen a rope is forbid-den.

4.6 Accessories

4.6.1 Accessories for wire or fibre rope connections suchas shackles, chains, rings, swivels, beckets, rigging screws,etc. are to comply with the requirements of Sec 5 and are tobe tested separately as per Sec 10, [7].

5 Slings and grommets

5.1 General

5.1.1 Slings of usual type are shown on Fig 1.

5.1.2 Special type slings are to be specially considered bythe Society.


NR 526, Sec 6

Figure 1 : Usual types of slings

5.1.3 The SWL of a sling or grommet is equal to the maxi-mum mass it can carry vertically in a straight line.

5.1.4 When they are not used in a straight line, for exampleto surround a load, the slings and grommets are not to be incontact with sharp edges.

5.1.5 The type of slings, the material used, its constructionand its SWL are to be suited to the contemplated use and tothe shape of the package to be slung up. In particular, inorder to determine the SWL of the sling, the angles formedby the sling and the vertical and the fording radii or theparts of the sling in contact with the slung load are to betaken into account.

5.1.6 The end loops of the single slings may be providedwith heart shaped thimbles or solid thimbles. When theloops are not provided with thimbles, they are not to beconnected to pins of diameter lower than the diameter ofthe wire rope or cable-laid wire rope forming the sling.

The end loops of the double slings and grommets are not topass on pins of diameter less than six times the diameter ofthe constitutive wire rope or cable-laid wire rope.

Other parts of the single slings, double slings or grommetsare not to be folded on pins of diameter lower than fourtimes the diameter of the constitutive wire rope or cable-laid wire rope. Moreover, the double slings are to be bentonly in the plane perpendicular to the plane of the endloops.

When the requirements of the two above paragraphs cannotbe complied with, the slings or grommets used are to have aSWL higher then the one resulting from the force diagram inorder to compensate strength loss due to bending.

5.1.7 Slings and grommets are considered as loose gearand as such, are to be tested separately in compliance withthe requirements of Sec 10, [7].

5.2 Materials and construction

5.2.1 Slings and specially the ones intended to be bentaround a load or a pin are to be of a flexible construction.They may be made of wire ropes, fibre ropes or cable-laidropes (cable-laid rope is a regular lay rope obtained by clos-ing six unit ropes around a seventh one or, more scarcely,around a fibre core), these latter ropes complying with therequirements of [2.1] and [2.2] as applicable.

5.2.2 When the slings or grommets consist of a single wirerope, usually the rope is to be of the regular lay type with 6or 8 strands including at least 19 wires and laid around ametal or fibre core.

5.2.3 The single slings of heavy SWL may consist in cable-laid ropes made of 6 ropes of regular lay or Land lay type.The use of Lang lay ropes for the making of cable-laid ropesis recommended due to their greater flexibility for equiva-lent diameter.

5.2.4 Grommet lay, i.e. lay of a single strand turned sixtimes upon itself (or of a single rope to make a cable-laidrope) are to be used to make double slings and grommets toobtain so-called invisible splices. In such a case, it is, how-ever, to be noted that the strand forming the centre core (orthe centre rope when a cable-laid rope is concerned) is dis-continuous and is not to be taken into account to determinethe breaking load. The place where the ends or the metalcore are butted together is to be located on the grommetopposite to the place where the ends of the strand (or rope)are inserted inside the cable-laid rope. These places are tobe marked to prevent the grommets from being bent in wayof these weak points.Core is to be butted and ends of strand (or rope) insertednear seizing of end loops of double slings (see Fig 2).

Figure 2 : Double sling

5.2.5 Splices of end loops of single slings are to complywith the requirements of [5.2].

5.3 SWL and utilization coefficients

5.3.1 The SWL of a single sling consisting of a wire rope,fibre rope or cable-laid rope is not to be greater than theguaranteed breaking load (proved by a test on a sample) ofthe constitutive wire rope, fibre rope or cable-laid ropedivided by the utilization coefficient η as per [5.3.4] or[5.3.5] for a wire or fibre sling respectively.


NR 526, Sec 6

When the breaking load of a cable-laid rope is not provedby a breaking test on a sample of the completed cable-laidrope, its breaking load shall be considered as equal to 0,85times the total of the guaranteed breaking loads of the con-stituent wire ropes. These guaranteed breaking loads are tobe proved by breaking tests (the coefficient 0,85 representsthe strength loss due to spinning of the cable-laid rope).

5.3.2 The SWL of a double sling or of a grommet made asper [5.2.4] (grommet lay) is to be considered as equal to 10times the breaking load of the outer strand or rope divided bythe utilization coefficient as per [5.3.4] or [5.3.5] for a steelor fibre sling, respectively (coefficient 10 takes into accountthe strength loss due to spinning and to grommet lay).

5.3.3 SWL of slings or grommets the making of which doesnot comply with the requirements of this Section will bespecially considered by the Society.

5.3.4 The utilization coefficient η of slings or grommetsmade of steel wires, with respect to their SWL Q, is shownin Tab 1.

5.3.5 The utilization coefficient η of fibre slings or grom-mets, with respect to their diameter φ and their SWL Q, isdown in Tab 2.

Table 1 : Utilization coefficients of steel slings

Table 2 : Utilization coefficients of fibre slings

Q = SWL, in t Q ≤ 25 25 < Q < 150 Q ≥ 150

η 5 3,33

φ = sling diameter,

in mm

φ < 24

24 ≤ φ < 40

φ ≥ 40

Q = SWL, in t

Q ≤ 2525 < Q <

150Q ≥ 150

η 8 7 6 4

3 50Q------+

3 6, 60Q------+


NR 526, Sec 7

SECTION 7 WINCHES

1 General

1.1 Application

1.1.1 This Section deals with winches used to operate lift-ing appliances excluding the other winches (for examplemooring winches) which are not part of the lifting appli-ances and are not considered in this Rule Note.

The documents to be submitted to the Society are listed inSec 1, [6.2.2].

Note 1: Other winches (mooring, towing or tugging winches, ...)are considered as a separate equipment. However, when applica-tion is considered as possible and reasonable, this Section may beapplied for these equipments.

1.1.2 Each winch must be designed taking into account:

• the maximum rope tension that can occur when oper-ated in the worst service conditions

• the maximum holding force it has to withstand in staticservice conditions

• the stalling force corresponding to the maximum torqueof the motor

• the total number of turns of ropes and the correspondingmaximum number of rope layers on drums (attention isto be paid to the fact that for an assumed constant ropetension, the applied torque is at a maximum when therope is at the uppermost layer).

The calculations of scantlings are to be carried out in com-pliance with, either international or national standards, orrecognized codes or specifications.

Winches which should not fully comply with the require-ments of the present Section shall be specially considered.

1.1.3 The nominal force at the rope drum of a winch (orSafe Working Force, SWF, of the winch) is the maximumrope tension, in kN, that the winch can haul at the upperwinding layer, in normal service conditions, when the drumrotates at its maximum service speed (nominal recoveryspeed).

To determine the nominal force at the drum, the efficiencyof the purchase tackles and of the sheaves on which therope is wound is to be taken into account.

The rated winch capacity is usually defined as equal to themaximum mass that the winch can lift vertically on a singlepart of rope and at the upper winding layer when the drumrotates at its nominal recovery speed and when the rope isreeved on two single sheave blocks. In such a case, therated capacity of the winch, in t, is equal to 0,09 times itsSWF.

1.1.4 Every winch must be designed to operate with arecovery overload as shown in Tab 1, considering the maxi-mum number of rope layers on the drum, but irrespective ofspeed conditions.

Table 1 : Overload for winch operation

1.2 Drums

1.2.1 Capacity of the drums are to be sufficient to allowthree layers of rope to be wound at a maximum; unless sat-isfactorily winding may be proved with a greater number oflayers.

1.2.2 For safety’s sake, three complete turns of rope mustremain on the drum in every case, except in stowed condi-tion, where two safety turns of rope may be considered assufficient.

1.2.3 The diameter of the winch drums must be determinedby the builder depending on the use provided for the liftingappliance (intensive or occasional use, frequent or rare useat full capacity, fast or slow recovery speed, etc.) and on thenature of the wire or fibre rope provided (number of strands,steel or fibre core) in order to ensure a sufficient useful lifefor the rope.

The values shown in [2.1.5] and [2.2.5] for steel wire ropesare given for guidance but they must be considered as mini-mum for lifting appliances regularly used for loading andunloading cargoes and frequently operated at less that 75%of their maximum capacity (for example multipurposecranes).

For a very rare and/or not intensive use at maximum capac-ity (for example derrick or crane for spare parts or supply)the indicated ratio between the drum diameter and the ropediameter may be reduced by 2 units.

On the contrary, for appliances used intensively under loadsnear to or equal to their maximum capacity (for example,cranes for containers or grab cranes to unload dry cargoes inbulk) it is recommended to adopt greater drum diameters.

For synthetic fibre ropes, the values indicated for the steelwire ropes may be divided by 2 considering the two previ-ous paragraphs.

SWF of winch, in kN Overload, in kN

SWF < 200 200 kN ≤ SWF ≤ 500 SWF > 500

25 % 50 kN10 %

Note 1: Attention is drawn to the fact that if more severe test conditions than those provided in Sec 10 are required by the purchaser or special National Regulations, it is necessary to ascertain that the above mentioned overload is sufficient to lift the test load provided for the lifting appliance.


NR 526, Sec 7

1.2.4 The drums are to be flanged at both ends so that therope may be wound or unwound without risk of over-ridingthe end flanges. For this purpose, the flange height shouldbe such that it projects beyond the outermost rope layer atleast by 2,5 times the rope diameter when the rope is fullyreeled on the drum in service, test and stowed condition ofthe lifting appliance. This requirement may not be compliedwith if the drum is fitted with a special device to avoid over-riding of the end flanges by the rope.

1.2.5 Arrangements are to be such that a reasonably evenreeling of the rope is obtained, whatever be the position ofthe derrick boom or crane jib. For this purpose, it is recom-mended that:• the fleet angle of the rope is as small as possible (see

Note) and does not exceed 4° in any working position (Fig 1 gives the fleet angle when the guide block is in afixed position)

• the drum diameter is as great as practicable (see[1.2.3], [2.1.5] and [2.2.5])

• the drum is grooved according to the diameter providedfor the rope

• a coiling device is provided if need be.

Note 1: When a single rope layer is provided, the drum axis may beshifted by a ε angIe (1° approximately) equal to the slope of the spi-ral formed by the rope (see Fig 1) in order to reduce the maximumfleet angle which would be increased by ε without this shifting as itis the case when several reeling layers are provided (see Fig 2).

1.2.6 The end of the rope is to be attached to the winchdrum in an effective manner in order to withstand withoutdamage twice the maximum rope tension in service condi-tions.

Figure 1 : Fleet angles

•

•

• Fleet angle at block: δ1

Figure 2 : Reeling

•

• Fleet angle at block: δ1

Initial angle shift, in degree: ε 18 2 dD d+--------------,=

Fleet angle at winch, in degree: δ1 28 6 l

L---,=

Fleet angle at winch: δ2 δ1 ε+= δ2 28 6 l

L---,= 18 2 d

D d+--------------,+


NR 526, Sec 7

1.3 Seatings

1.3.1 The seats of the winches of closed box constructionare to be watertight to avoid internal corrosion.

In case of open constructions, the design is to be such thateasy access for painting and maintenance be allowed.

If the seats are bolted to the ship, fitted bolts are to be used,unless efficient stop plates are provided to protect the boltsagainst shear forces.

As requested in Sec 1, [6.3], the drawings of the winchfoundations and local ship structure in way of them are tobe submitted for approval.

1.3.2 Cargo winches are normally self-powered.

1.3.3 Motors, electric and hydraulic equipment, controland safety devices are to comply with the. requirements ofSec 2.

2 Winches

2.1 Hand winches and winches not to beoperated under load

2.1.1 The use of hand winches is normally limited to thepositioning without any loading.

2.1.2 Topping winches of the lightly powered type arethose which operate only when the lifting appliance boomis not loaded (not operated under load).

2.1.3 Drums of hand winches, of indirect driven winchesand of lightly powered winches as per [2.1.1] and [2.1.2](or similar winches intended for other purposes) are to befitted with locking pawls and ratchet wheels or equivalentarrangements such as irreversible worms. Such lockingdevices are to be designed to withstand a holding force atleast equal to 1,5 times the maximum pull applied to whenthe derrick boom is loaded in the most severe service con-ditions.

When not held in open position by hand, pawls must fall,immediately and automatically, into the locked position.

The locking device of the indirect driven winches and of thelightly powered winches must be connected to the winchcontrol so that the derrick boom may not be lowered beforeunlocking of the drum.

An instruction plate in appropriate language (language cor-responding to the ship flag and English language is recom-mended) is to be attached near to the controls of thesewinches to inform they must not be operated when the der-rick is loaded (e.g. in French/English language: NE PASMANOEUVRER SOUS CHARGE/DO NOT ADJUST WHENLOADED).

2.1.4 The lightly powered winches must be fitted with abrake applied automatically and progressively to the drivingmotor when the winch control is on “off” position and incase of power failure.

This brake must be capable to keep the drum in position inwithstanding a force equal to 1,5 times the maximum ropetension corresponding to topping with no load at the derrick.

Such a brake is not required on the indirect driven winchesprovided this brake is fitted to the driving powered winch.

2.1.5 The diameter of the drums is not to be less than 12times the diameter of the steel wire rope. However forwinches driven by a separate powered winch, the diameterof the drum (or of the drum part) where the auxiliary drivingrope is wound, is not to be less than 16 times the diameterof the wire rope used.

2.2 Powered winches and winches operatedunder load

2.2.1 All the self-powered winches which can be operatedunder load must be provided with an efficient brake capa-ble of withstanding a force at least equal to the one shownon Tab 2 when the test conditions of the lifting appliancecomply with the requirements of Sec 10.

Table 2 : Minimum braking force

2.2.2 The brake required in [2.2.1] must be automaticallyapplied when the drive is on “off” position or on the neutralposition if there is a change-speed gear box. Its action mustbe progressive in order to avoid too sudden dynamicshocks.

This brake is also to be applied automatically in the case ofpower failure in the supply to the motor or control device.In such a case, the cargo winches must be provided with anemergency device allowing lowering of the suspendedload. This device must allow lowering of a load likely toexert on the drum a pull equal to the SWF of the winchincreased by the overload as per Tab 1.

2.2.3 A hand-operated emergency stop must be providedto cut off power supply and to bring the brake rapidly intooperation.

2.2.4 On the indirect driven winches which may be oper-ated under load, the braking device as per [2.2.1] is notrequired provided there is such a device on the drivingpowered winch.

But, the indirect driven winches must be provided with adrum locking device capable to withstand a force at drumat least equal to 1,5 times the SWF of the winch.

SWF of winch, in kN Minimum braking force

SWF < 200200 kN SWF ≤ 500 SWF > 500

1,5 SWF 1,2 SWF + 60 kN

1,32 SWF


NR 526, Sec 7

2.2.5 The diameter of the drums is not to be lower than thefollowing value:

• 18 times the diameter of the wire rope used for thecargo winches of the derrick booms, the winches ofcranes and travelling cranes

• 16 times the diameter of the wire rope used for the spanand slewing winches of derrick booms.

Note 1: In general, the reduction by 2 units as per [1.2.3] (3rd para-graph) of the ratio between the drum diameter and the rope diame-ter applies to the winches of derrick booms.

3 Tests

3.1 General provisions

3.1.1 All the winches either directly or indirectly power-operated must be tested at the manufacturer’s prior to fittingto the lifting appliance and must be tested aboard the ship.

The indirectly driven winches must be tested with this exter-nal drive.

3.1.2 The tests to be carried out at the manufacturing plantare defined:

• in [3.2] when prototypes are concerned

• in [3.3] when standardized winches are concerned, thetype of which has already been submitted either to proto-type tests as per [3.2] or to tests considered as equivalent.

3.1.3 Testing methods different from those described in thisSection may be accepted provided they are recognized asequivalent by the Society.

3.1.4 Tests aboard the ship are defined in Sec 10.

3.2 Prototype tests

3.2.1 Dynamic tests include running tests with no load,running tests under nominal force at rope drum and over-load tests (see [3.2.2], [3.2.3] and [3.2.4]).

Static tests concern braking and locking devices when theyare fitted (see [3.2.5] and [3.2.6]).

3.2.2 The running test with no load is carried out at maxi-mum speed and in continuous operation for 5 min in eachdirection of rotation and for each gear change.

During testing, good operation of control device and oiltightness are checked.

3.2.3 The running test under nominal force at rope drum(SWF) applied to the first reeled layer is carried out at nomi-nal speed for 30 min while hoisting and lowering a loadcorresponding to the SWF (as a rule, the rated capacity asper [1.1.3]) through a height of 10 m. The pause betweentwo consecutive cycles should not exceed 20 s.

Moreover, if the winch is fitted with fixed ratio change-speed gear, good operation of the winch are to be checkedfor 5 min for each speed ratio with the maximum working

load corresponding to each ratio. Upon each speed change-over, automatic application of the brake are to be checkedwhen the control lever is on the neutral position.

If the winch is fitted with a continuous speed variator, a testof speed variation is to be carried out over the whole rangeof the possible speeds.

After these tests, several dynamic tests of the operation ofthe brake (at least two when the winch is recovering andtwo when the winch is rendering) are to be carried out atthe maximum service speed.

A cut off in the power supply to the motor and the controldevice is to be simulated and the coming into operation ofthe braking device is to be checked in both cases.

The emergency stop is to be tested when the test load islowered at its maximum speed.

During testing, the following elements are checked or mea-sured:

• satisfactory operation

• oil-tightness

• bearing temperature

• power input

• actual speeds for recovering and rendering

• efficient working of the braking device which mustoperate without sudden shocks.

3.2.4 The overload test is carried out during two hoist-ing/lowering cycles at least, without speed condition, with aload equal to the SWF increased by the overload shown inTab 1. The brake will be applied to the load which will bestopped at least once during each lowering phase.

For the cargo winches, an emergency stop test is to be car-ried out and the test load will be lowered in using the emer-gency device described in [2.2.2].

3.2.5 For the statical test of the braking system, a forceequal to the minimum braking force as shown on Tab 2 is tobe applied for 5 min to the first reeled layer.

Drum does not rotate during testing.

3.2.6 For the statical test of the locking device, a forceequal to 1,5 times the maximum holding force of the winchis to be applied to the first reeled layer for 2 min.

The test is to be repeated under the same conditions withanother engaged tooth.

3.3 Tests of standardized winches

3.3.1 When prototype tests are not required, i.e. when thesupplier may prove that a winch of the type concerned hasbeen tested as a prototype as per [3.2] or has been submit-ted to tests considered as equivalent by the Society, eachwinch must be tested in the presence of a Surveyor of theSociety under the conditions as per [3.3.2].


NR 526, Sec 7

3.3.2 Each winch must be submitted to a running test withno load at nominal speed and in continuous operation for15 min in each direction of rotation.

During testing, the following elements are checked or mea-sured:

• satisfactory operation

• oil tightness

• bearing temperature

• power input

• actual speeds for recovering and rendering.

Good operation of the brake is to be demonstrated when itis normally driven and in case of cut off in the power supplyto the motor and the control device.

If the winch is fitted with fixed ratio change-speed gear,good operation of the winch is to be checked for 5 min foreach speed ratio. Upon each speed change-over, automaticapplication of the brake is to be checked when the controllever is on the neutral position.

If the winch is fitted with a continuous speed variator, a testof speed variation is to be carried out over the whole rangeof the possible speeds.


NR 526, Sec 8

SECTION 8 ELECTRICAL INSTALLATIONS AND HYDRAULIC

SYSTEMS

1 General

1.1 Application

1.1.1 The requirements of this Section are considered asminimum requirements for the classification or certificationof lifting appliances. The attention of Owners or Builders isdrawn to the fact that national regulations may includeadditional provisions, in particular for the safety of workers.It is the responsibility of the parties concerned to see that allapplicable requirements are satisfied.

1.2 General

1.2.1 Power operated lifting appliances are to be sodesigned that any damage to pump, motor, monitoring sys-tem, electrical or hydraulic fluid supply will not cause theload to drop, or the appliance to be out of control and thusendanger the life of operator or of the personnel onboard.

Lifting appliances are to be fitted with automatic devices tomaintain them in position in the case of power failure orrupture of hydraulic fluid pipe and means are to be pro-vided to lower the load at controlled speed.

1.2.2 The normal power networks of the appliances han-dling manned submarine craft is to be supplemented byemergency ones.

Drawings showing these provisions are to be submitted.

1.3 Documentation to be submitted

1.3.1 The documents listed in Tab 1 and Tab 2 are to besubmitted.

The list of documents requested is to be intended as guid-ance for the complete set of information to be submitted,rather than an actual list of titles.

The Society reserves the right to request the submission ofadditional documents in the case of non-conventionaldesign or if it is deemed necessary for the evaluation of thesystem, equipment or components.

Plans are to include all the data necessary for their interpre-tation, verification and approval.

Unless otherwise agreed with the Society, documents forapproval are to be sent in triplicate if submitted by the Ship-yard and in four copies if submitted by the equipment sup-plier.

Documents requested for information are to be sent induplicate.

In any case, the Society reserves the right to require addi-tional copies when deemed necessary.

2 Electrical installations, hydraulic andpneumatic systems

2.1 Electrical installations

2.1.1 Electrical installations of the lifting appliances are tocomply with the requirements stipulated in Pt C, Ch 2 of theRules for Steel Ships, applicable to them and speciallyregarding:

• general environmental conditions

• distribution systems

• rotating electrical machines

• transformers

• semiconductors converters

• switchboards

• electrical cables

• electrical accessories

• installation

• testing;

2.1.2 For the application of requirements stipulated in Part CChap 2, of the Rules for Steel Ships, the electrical equipmentand systems are not to be considered as assuming an ‘essen-tial service’ except those fitted on lifting appliances coveredby a class notation ALP, ALM or ALS.

2.1.3 For lifting appliances not covered by a class notation,the electrical equipment and systems will be accepted sub-ject to submission of the individual works’ certificatesissued by the manufacturers and satisfactory performancesduring the testing of the lifting appliances.

2.1.4 Electric motors, equipment and cables are to be dulyprotected against:

• overcurrent

• ingress of liquids, depending on their location

• ingress of solid foreign bodies, depending on theirintended use

• moisture and corrosion in sea water atmosphere

• accidental shocks, depending their on location.

2.1.5 The index of protection against ingress of liquids andsolid bodies of electrical equipment, in relation to theirlocation is generally that specified in Pt C, Ch 2, Sec 3,Tab 2 of the Rules for Steel Ships.


NR 526, Sec 8

Table 1 : Electrical documents to be submitted

Table 2 : Drawings, information and data to be submitted for hydraulic system and pressure vessels(hydraulic cylinders, accumulators)

2.1.6 As general rule, no electrical equipment is to beinstalled within areas considered as hazardous due to gen-eration, formation or accumulation of explosive gas orvapours or flammable particles. When for operational pur-pose, this requirement cannot be satisfied electrical installa-tions are to comply with requirements specified in Pt C,Ch 2, Sec 3 [3.10] of the Rules for Steel Ships.

2.1.7 Cables are to be carefully protected against mechani-cal damage. Cables and protective supports are to beinstalled to avoid strain and chafing and to allow free dis-placement during operation of the lifting appliance.

2.1.8 Unless otherwise accepted by Society, all exposednon current carrying conductive parts are to be earthed.

2.1.9 The electrical installations are to be made and testedonboard the ship to the satisfaction of the Surveyor of theSociety.

The tests are to be performed in accordance with require-ments of Pt C, Ch 2 Sec 15 of the Rules for Steel Ships.

Moreover, good operation of the motors, of their variousmonitoring circuits and of their protective devices are to be

proved with the various source of power utilized. Also,good operation of the safety equipment fed with electricpower are to be checked.

2.1.10 Black-out test of main power source is to be madeunder real or simulated conditions to check that it will notresult in an immediate danger for the lifting gear operatorsor crew (see [1.2.1]).

2.2 Hydraulic systems

2.2.1 Hydraulic installations of the lifting appliances are tocomply with the applicable requirements of Pt C, Ch 1, Sec3 and Part C, Ch 1, Sec 10 of the Rules for Steel Ships takinginto account in [2.2.3] to [2.2.7].

2.2.2 Except for lifting appliances covered by a class nota-tion ALP, ALM or ALS, pumps and hydraulic motors need notbe inspected by the Society at the manufacturer’s works pro-vided that they are produced in series and manufacturedaccording to a recognize standard. In addition, the accep-tance of these equipments is subject to submission of manu-facturer’s test certificates and satisfactory performance duringthe testing of the lifting appliances.

N° I/A (1) Documents to be submitted

1 A Single line diagram of the power distribution system

2 A Schematic diagrams of the motor starter cabinet(s) and control/safety system

3 A General arrangement diagram of the lifting appliance showing all essential electrical equipment (electric motor, control panels, limit switch, etc.…) with regards to hazardous area when applicable

4 A Detailed specification of the safety system

5 A Justification of the safety character of electrical equipment located in hazardous areas (when applicable)

6 A (2) General arrangement of the operator cabin and workstation

7 A (2) The list of the monitored parameters for alarming/monitoring and safety systems

8 I Risk analysis of radio control system (when applicable)

(1) A: Documents to be submitted for approvalI: Documents to be submitted for information

(2) For crane whose SWL exceeds 50 tons

N° A/I (1) Item

1 A Diagram of hydraulic system

2 I General arrangement plan, including nozzles and fittings

3 A Sectional assembly

4 A Safety valves (if any) and their arrangement

5 A Material specifications

6 A Welding details, including at least:• typical weld joint design,• welding procedure specifications,• post-weld heat treatments.

7 I Design data, including at least design pressure and design temperatures (as applicable)

8 I Type of fluid or fluids contained

(1) A: Documents to be submitted for approval in four copiesI: Documents to be submitted for information in duplicate


NR 526, Sec 8

2.2.3 The design pressure of a piping system is the pressureconsidered by the manufacturer to determine the scantlingof the system components. It is not to be taken less than themaximum working pressure expected in this system or thehighest setting pressure of any safety valve or relief device,whichever is the greater

2.2.4 Hydraulic equipment are to be duly protected against:

• overpressure

• oil pollution (abrasive particles)

• corrosion

• accidental shocks.

2.2.5 The general principle specified in [1.2.1] are to betaken into account for the design of hydraulic fluid systems.

2.2.6 Pressure pipes are to satisfy the applicable require-ments of Pt C, Ch 1, Sec 10 of the Rules for Steel Ships.

Flexible pipes are to be of approved type as per require-ments of Pt C, Ch 1, Sec 10 of the Rules for Steel Ships.

2.2.7 Hydraulic systems is to be hydraulic tested afterassembly onboard under the conditions defined in Pt C,Ch 1, Sec 15, [3.12] of the Rules for Steel Ships.

2.3 Hydraulic cylinders

2.3.1 The minimum thickness t of the steel cylindrical shellof luffing or slowing hydraulic cylinders is given, in mm, bythe following formula:

t = pD / (2K − p)e

where:

p : Design pressure, in MPa

D : Inside diameter of the cylinder, in mm

e : Efficiency of welded joint as defined in Pt C,Ch 1, Sec 10, [2.2.1] item a) of Rules for SteelShips

K : Permissible stress, in N/mm2.

Where not otherwise specified, the permissiblestresses K, may be taken as the minimum of thevalues obtained by the following formulae:

K = Rm,20 / A

K = RS / B

Coefficient of utilisation A and B are defined inTab 3

Rm,20 : Minimum tensile strength at ambient tempera-ture (20°C), in N/mm2

RS : Minimum between ReH and Rp 0.2 at the designtemperature T, in N/mm2.

Table 3 : Coefficients of utilisation

The thickness obtained is "net" thickness, as it does notinclude any corrosion allowance. The thickness obtained bythe above formulae is to be increased by 0,75mm.

The Society reserves the right to increase the corrosionallowance value in the case of vessels exposed to particularaccelerating corrosion conditions. The Society may alsoconsider the reduction of this factor where particular mea-sures are taken to effectively reduce the corrosion rate ofthe vessel.

Irrespective of the value calculated by the formulae, thethickness t is not to be less, in mm, than the following:

t = 3 + D/1500

No corrosion allowance needs to be added to the abovevalue.Note 1: the formula of t is applicable if the ratio external diame-ter/inside diameter is equal to or less than 1.5, if not the cylinder issubject to special consideration.

2.3.2 The thickness of the bottom and of the head of thecylinder is to comply with the applicable requirements ofthe Rules for Steel Ships Pt C, Ch 1, Sec 3, [2.7].

In this calculation the reinforcement of the cover due to thefixation of the cylinder (often welded on the cover) with thecrane is not taken into account.

2.3.3 Scantlings of piston rods are to be checked for buck-ling according to the following strength criterion:

ω σc ≤ 0,55 Re

where:

ω : Buckling coefficient defined in Sec 4, [1.4.3]with effective length of buckling equal to twicethe maximum reach of cylinder rod

σc : Compression stress, in N/mm2, correspondingto design pressure p as defined in [2.3.1]

Re : Yield stress, in N/mm2, considered in calcula-tions of cylinder rod resistance (see Sec 4,[1.3.1]).

2.3.4 Cast steel or spheroidal graphite ferritic cast ironshells of hydraulic cylinders are to be ultrasonic-tested forinternal soundness.

2.3.5 Fastening of cylinder bottoms and of cylinders are tobe checked by direct calculations. Combined stress are notto exceed 0,55 Re.

For welded bottoms, all welds are to be checked usingappropriate non-destructive methods.

2.3.6 Cylinders are to be hydraulic tested prior to fittingonboard under the conditions defined in Pt C, Ch 1, Sec 3[7.3.2] of the Rules for Steel Ships.

2.4 Pneumatic equipment

2.4.1 Design is to be established on the same basis ashydraulic equipment.

2.4.2 It is to be demonstrated that level of safety is not lessthan that which would be achieved by hydraulic equipmentensuring same functions and performances.

Steel Cast steel Nodular cast iron

A 2,7 3,4 4,5

B 1,8 2,3 3,5


NR 526, Sec 9

SECTION 9 CONTROL AND SAFETY OF LIFTING APPLIANCES

1 General

1.1 Application

1.1.1 The requirements of this Section apply to lifting appli-ances as defined in Sec 1, [1.1.1] and Sec 1, [1.1.2].

1.1.2 Depending on the type of lifting operation contem-plated, additional provisions of [3.2] and [3.3] are also tobe considered.

1.1.3 The attention of the owners, the operators or themanufacturers is drawn to the fact that additional provisionsmay be required by National Authorities.

2 Control and safety devices

2.1 Control devices

2.1.1 The control and safety systems of lifting appliancescovered by a class notation ALP, ALM or ALS are to complywith requirements stipulated in Part C, Ch 3 of the Rules forSteel Ships applicable to them and specially regarding:

• general environmental conditions

• computer based systems

• constructional requirements

• installation requirements

• testing and electromagnetic interferences.

2.1.2 The general principle specified in Sec 8, [1.2.1] is tobe taken into account for the design of control and safetydevices.

2.1.3 Control devices are generally to be provided withautomatic transfer to neutral position (dead man’s control)which automatically actuates the braking device. Efficientmeans are to be provided to lock the control device in thisposition.

2.1.4 Control levers or wheels are to be so designed thatthe motion for their actuation corresponds as far as practi-cable to the motion of the load or lifting appliance, in par-ticular:

• for load lifting, upward topping, winch recovering, brak-ing manoeuvres, the operator should pull the lever orturn the wheel clockwise

• for load lowering, downward topping, winch renderingor brake release manoeuvres, the operator should pushthe lever or turn the wheel counterclockwise

• for right-hand side slewing manoeuvres, the operatorshould push the lever to the right or turn the wheelclockwise and vice-versa.

2.1.5 The force required to apply the brake is not exceed:

• 160 N (hand brakes), and

• 320 N (foot brakes).

2.1.6 An alarm signal is to be provided at lifting appliancecontrol station in case of electric motor failure or powerfailure.

2.1.7 A low pressure alarm at the discharge of the pumpand a hydraulic tank low level alarm are to be provided atthe control station.

The low level alarm is to be activated before the quantity oflost oil reaches 100 litters or 70% of the normal volume inthe tank, whichever is the less.

For hydraulics cranes not fitted with an electrical controlsystem, the low level and the low pressure alarms may bewaived if the level gauge, the pressure gauge and the tem-perature gauge indicators are always visible by the craneoperator. In addition, a warning label is to be placed on thetank reminding that, prior to start any operation of thecrane, the oil level is to be checked.

It is reminded that the hydraulic tank level gauge is to com-ply with Pt C, Ch 1, Sec 10, [2.9.2] of the Rules for SteelShips. The Society may permit the use of oil-level gaugeswith flat glasses and self-closing valves between the gaugesand hydraulic oil tanks.

Special consideration could be given for installations withsmall hydraulic tanks located outside the machinery spaces.

2.1.8 Radio controls may be admitted provided that systemprovides the same safety levels as hardwired system (e.g.emergency stop of the lifting appliance in case of communi-cation failure or erroneous control signal). For that purposea risk analysis is to be submitted to the Society for informa-tion.

In addition special precautions are to be taken to preventthat parasitic electromagnetic interference affect the radiocontrol equipment which could lead to an unsafe situation.Note 1: For guidance, the emergency stop functions should meetthe requirement of category 3 in the European Norm EN 954-1 -Safety of machine - Safety related part of control system - Part 1:General principle for design.

2.2 Safety equipment

2.2.1 An emergency stop device is to be provided at eachcontrol station of powered lifting appliances or apparatus tostop their motions, in case of emergency, in cutting off thepower-supply. This device are to be so designed and locatedas to prevent its being actuated inadvertently.

2.2.2 Limit switches are to be provided on cranes lifting andluffing manoeuvres as well as on travelling gantry cranes lift-ing/translation and carriage translation manoeuvres.


NR 526, Sec 9

When actuated, the limit switch is to stop the manoeuvre incourse without preventing the reverse of the motion thattriggered it off, and it is to be possible to re-engage it.

Operation indicator is to be provided at control station foreach limit switch.

For crane whose SWL does not exceed 10 tons, indicatorsmay be omitted provided that the crane operator has anunobstructed view of the crane movements.

In general, it is not to be possible to overrun limit switches,except when lifting appliance is to be in stowed position orexamined for maintenance.

2.2.3 Limit switches are also to be provided wheneverslewing of cranes is to be limited for any reason.

2.2.4 Cranes whose lifting capacity varies according tospan, or whose SWL exceeds 50 t, are to be provided with aload indicator unless a load moment indicator is fitted.

Such indicators are trigger off a visual alarm whenever theload or moment reaches 94% of the permissible value (witha permissible allowance of ± 4%).

An audible alarm is to be triggered off when this permissiblevalue is overstepped by 6% (with a permissible allowanceof ± 4%).

If load (or load moment) indicator automatically cuts offdriving power when lifting capacity is exceeded, its settingwill never exceed 110% of SWL (or 110% of the permissi-ble moment). In this case, it is to be possible to manoeuvrethe lifting appliance back to a more favorable position.

2.2.5 Level indicator (listmeter and trimmeter) is to be pro-vided at control station when list and trim angles are limitedto pre-set figures requiring either prior ballasting of the shipor reballasting during manoeuvres.

2.2.6 In every case when the SWL of the lifting appliance isnot constant, the diagram of the permissible loads all overthe working area is to be posted at the control station.

2.2.7 All machinery dangerous parts (engines, gears, chainand bet gearing) are to be effectively guarded, unless theyare in such a position or of such a construction as to be assafe as they would be if effectively guarded.

2.2.8 All removable parts likely to become loose or to bedisplaced from their housing due to vibrations, dynamicforces or accidental shocks are to be provided with appro-priate brakes or locking devices.

A device is to be provided to prevent lifting out of derrickboom goosenecks.

2.2.9 Gantry cranes are to be fitted with audible and visualwarning signals. These signals are to be activated when thecrane is traveling.

2.2.10 Crane operator’s cabins are to be provided withemergency escape and their structure are to be fire resistant.

3 Additional requirements

3.1 Additional requirements applicable tooffshore operations

3.1.1 Arrangements are to be provided to prevent craneboom elevation higher than the design angle and in anycase to prevent movement past the vertical position.

3.1.2 When the operator cannot have a direct view on thehoist drums, a remote watch system is to be fitted.

3.1.3 The operator must be provided with a systemenabling him to communicate with personnel in charge ofsupervision of lifting operations.

The operator must be able to warn personnel around that heis undertaking operation which may present hazards tothese personnel.

3.1.4 Fire extinguishers must be fitted in the operator cabinand in the machinery cabin when a significant fire hazardexists.

3.1.5 It is to be possible to illuminate the appliance andsurrounding obstructions, both in order to allow the opera-tor to observe at night the handling environment and tocomply with the requirements of general provisions relatingto aircraft movements.

3.1.6 It is recommended to fit cranes with an additionalsimple system indicating boom angle, in direct view of theoperator.

3.2 Additional requirements applicable topersonnel hoisting

3.2.1 The drawing review of complete crane is required.The load chart and curve loading corresponding to person-nel hoisting is to be supplied in scope of review.

3.2.2 Winch for personnel hoisting is to be provided withdouble brakes.

3.2.3 Reference is to be made to the requirements indi-cated in [2.1] and [2.2]. In addition, requirements in [3.2.4]to [3.2.12] are to be complied with.

3.2.4 In all cases, non rotating cables are to be fitted.

3.2.5 A rope, the breaking load of which will be at least 4times the design load evaluated in the most unfavorablecondition of personnel elevation, is to be fitted between thebasket and the hook in such a way as to prevent personnelbeing hit by the hook of the crane.

3.2.6 The appliance must be able to operate at a speedequal to the ratio of the wave height to its period, when aconsistent system of units is used.

3.2.7 It must be possible to override the self applying brakesystem in case of emergency, in order to operate the liftinghoist, in full safety.


NR 526, Sec 9

3.2.8 There is to be only one control location of the liftingappliance.

3.2.9 A control foreman must supervise the operation.

3.2.10 For emergency control, arrangement of safetydevices as specified in Sec 4, [4.6] is to be provided.

3.2.11 Special instructions are to be brought to the knowl-edge of personnel.

3.2.12 Specifications of baskets are to be according to fol-lowing provisions:

• preference is to be given to soft type baskets

• the rated load of the basket is calculated as:

- 165 kg for the first person

- 100 kg for the following ones

• the design of the basket is to be such that personnel bestanding on the periphery and can hold the basket

• the allowed number of persons is to be affixed on thebasket

• the dimensions of the basket are to be such that it is sta-ble when lowered onto the deck.

3.2.13 Overall test with load corresponding to personalhoisting is to be provided.

The simulation of power failure is to be carried out duringthis test.

3.2.14 Certificate will be issued on condition that tests aresatisfactory.

3.3 Additional requirements applicable tolifting of submarine crafts

3.3.1 Requirements of [3.1] and [3.2] apply, especiallythose regarding personnel hoisting when the submarinecraft is manned, except for particular provisions indicatedalong this Section.

3.3.2 In case of breaking or release of the main lifting cableof the diving chambers, it is assumed that a means of emer-gency ascent can be used, this one may be:

• the free ascent of the chamber by ballast release

• the guide-cables or the umbilical of the chamber.

Operating the release system of the main lifting cable mustbe dependent upon two independent self-willed actions.

The set of the means of emergency is to allow to implementa procedure of recovery and transfer providing the person-nel for the same safety as the normal one.

3.3.3 The normal power networks of the appliances han-dling manned submarine craft is to be supplemented byemergency ones.

The drawings showing these provisions are to be submitted.

3.3.4 The circumstances and the consequences of the pos-sible failure of one of the raising jacks of sheering off gan-tries are to be investigated.

4 Secondary structure and means ofaccess

4.1 General

4.1.1 Secondary structures (cabines, access, etc.) are to bedesigned in order to:

• resist climatic and live loads to which they are submitted

• bear control and safety devices needed for functioningof the appliance

• ensure protection and safety of personnel.

4.1.2 The structure of the appliance is to be such that incase of accident, the operator remains sage and can use asafe escape.

The need to comply with applicable legal provisions isrecalled here.

4.1.3 Finally, it is emphasized that escape routes are to bedesigned according to the general scheme of the escaperoutes of the supporting unit or installation.

4.1.4 Operator’s cabins are to be of metal and substantialdesign.

4.1.5 Dangerous parts of the appliance (running gear, openwire conductors, etc.) are to be efficiently guarded.

4.2 Structural calculation

4.2.1 Dead loads and live loads are given under theresponsibility of the designer.

The operating load is not to be taken less than 400 kg/m2.

Environmental conditions to be considered are the same asthose considered for main structures.

4.3 Means of access

4.3.1 Access ways are to be designed according to therequirements of Sec 2, [2.4].

4.3.2 Handrails are to resist to a load of 75 kg at mid span.

4.3.3 Handrails, for lifting appliances intended for use inoffshore conditions are to be fitted 2 intermediate handrails.

The height of the foot plate is to be not less than 150mm.

4.3.4 A free distance of at least 0,60 m is to be left betweenlifting appliances and surrounding buildings of the support-ing unit or installation, when they move or rotate.

In the cases when this last provision cannot be compliedwith, access to these open spaces is to be prevented.


NR 526, Sec 10

SECTION 10 CONSTRUCTION, SURVEY, TESTING AND MARKING

1 General provisions

1.1 Application

1.1.1 This Section deals with:

• inspection at works of materials and welding

• construction survey at the shipyard or at the manufac-turer’s works of the lifting appliances, their accessoriesand their foundations

• final inspection and tests at works prior to fittingonboard

• testing and inspection of loose gear prior to fittingonboard

• survey of fitting onboard

• survey of overall tests onboard and inspection after test-ing prior to putting into service

• marking of equipments and accessories after inspectionand tests mentioned hereabove.

1.1.2 It is the responsibility of the yard to inform the localrepresentatives of the Society in due time to enable them toperform the interventions as per [1.1]. In particular, the yardmust ascertain that the Society survey is specified on theorders for materials placed with subcontractors.

1.1.3 Construction survey, final inspection, testing andmarking may possibly be carried out simultaneously.

2 Welding

2.1 General

2.1.1 Welding of load carrying structures, fittings and itemsof loose gear of lifting appliances is to comply with therequirements of Pt B, Ch 12, Sec 1 of the Rules for SteelShips unless otherwise stipulated in this Section.

2.1.2 The elements for which the materials are required tobe inspected by the Society itself (see Sec 2, [1.1.3] and Sec2, [1.1.5]) are to be welded by agreed welding proceduresand by welders qualified by the Society in compliance withthe requirements of the Rules for Steel Ships.

The welding consumables used are to comply with therequirements of Ch 5, Sec 2 of NR216 Materials and Welding.

2.1.3 As a rule, only basic coated electrodes are to be usedfor manual welding.

2.1.4 All welds of load carrying structural elements are tobe continuous and without end crater. They have to passround the edge of the plates without interruption.

2.1.5 Connections by means of plug-welds or slot-weldsare to be avoided; they may be accepted on exceptionalcases only.

As a rule, overlapping welds (lap-joints) are forbidden. Theymay be accepted in special cases only.

2.1.6 The included bevel angle of butt welds and of halfpenetration or full penetration fillet welds is to be sufficientto allow sound welding at weld root. This angle is not to belower than 40°.

Moreover, a sufficient edge preparation root gap is to beprovided to ensure adequate penetration at weld root.

2.1.7 Repair by welding of broken, cracked, worn or cor-roded elements cannot be contemplated without the con-sent of the Surveyor of the Society who may require theapproval of the Society. In any cases, such repairs are to bemade under the Surveyor's supervision.

2.1.8 In general, type, dimensions and possibly edge prep-arations for welds are to be mentioned on the constructiondrawings submitted for approval.

2.2 Butt welds

2.2.1 Butt welds are to include the whole thickness of thethinnest plate. Half-penetration welds are not accepted.

2.2.2 Butt welds are to be in accordance with Pt B, Ch 12,Sec 1, [2.2] of the Rules for Steel Ships.

2.3 Fillet welds and angle welds

2.3.1 All the fillet welds of load carrying structures, fittingsand items of loose gear of lifting appliances are to be con-tinuous. They may be with partial penetration or full pene-tration.

2.3.2 The dimension a of the throat thickness of the weldfillet is measured as shown on Fig 1 (a) and Fig 1 (b) for thefillet welds without bevels and half-penetrated welds withbevels.

2.3.3 Full penetration welds normally of the K or V-typemay be required for heavily stressed elements, specially ifthe thickness of the abutting plate is above 15 mm (see Fig 2)or when access to one side of the plate is either difficult orimpossible (see Fig 3 and Fig 4).


NR 526, Sec 10

Figure 1 : Definition of the throat thickness

Figure 2 : k-type weld

2.3.4 Half-penetration welds may sometimes be acceptedinstead of full penetration welds. In such a case, the throatthickness a of the weld, measured as shown on Fig 1 (b), isnot to be less than 0,5 times the thickness of the abuttingplate.

2.3.5 In general, the throat thicknesses of the double filletwelds are to be neither lower than 3,5 mm nor higher than0,7 times the thickness of the thinnest plate of the assembly.Normally, it is unnecessary to provide for throat thicknessesgreater than 0,5 times the thickness of the plate includedbetween the two fillet welds except for special cases eitherwhen the throat thickness is reinforced against corrosion orwhen the two weld fillets are unsymmetrical.

When slot-welds or overlap welds are authorized, as a rule,the throat thickness is to be equal to 0,7 times the thicknessof the edge welded plate.

Figure 3 : V-type weld

Figure 4 : V-type weld with backing flat bar

2.3.6 Considering the requirements of [2.3.5] the throatthickness a of the double symmetrical fillet welds is to be,as a rule, equal to the following value which varies with thethickness e of the thinnest plate of the assembly considered:

• a = 0,45e for welds of heavily stressed elements whenfull penetration weld is not required (for example, forelements under tension the strength continuity of whichis to be ensured or for elements heavily stressed in shearsuch as webs of girders of small depth or attachments offittings)

• a = 0,40e for welds of brackets or of faceplates of gird-ers with single web (I beams)

• a = 0,35e for welds of webs of box-girders or for weldsof stiffeners.

The Society retains the right to modify these requirementsaccording to the nature or level of the stresses in the ele-ment concerned.

2.3.7 When the two fillet welds are asymmetrical, in gen-eral, the throat thicknesses a1 and a2 may be dimensionedso that a1 + a2 = 2a (where a is as per [2.3.6]) provided thata1 and a2 comply with the requirements of [2.3.5].

2.4 Heat-treatment

2.4.1 For certain kinds of materials and especially whenwelds on compact parts are concerned, in general a pre-heating is to be carried out before welding.

2.4.2 As a rule, compact parts such as goosenecks or trun-nions, when they are of welded construction, are to bestress relieved after welding.


NR 526, Sec 10

2.4.3 In some cases, the Society may require stress-reliev-ing of important joints of welded structures.

3 Inspection at work

3.1 Inspection of materials and welding atworks

3.1.1 The materials used to manufacture the elements con-sidered as part of the ship structure i.e. the elements as perSec 1, [1.3.2] which are within the scope of the ship classifi-cation are to be inspected in compliance with the provisionsof NR216 Materials and Welding.

3.1.2 The materials used to manufacture:

• load carrying structural elements of the lifting appliances

• fittings and items of loose gear not submitted to individ-ual tests as per Sec 5, [3.4] (exclusive of built-in blocksheaves)

• crane slewing rings

• locking devices required for stability of the lifting appli-ances

• cylinders of load carrying hydraulic cylinders

• pressure pipes of class I

• winch shafts

• elements the functions of which are essential or similarto those of the above mentioned elements

are to be:

• either inspected and certified by a Surveyor of the Soci-ety in compliance with the requirements of NR216Materials and Welding for class ALP/ALM/ALS

• or identified by a certificate of the supplier given to theSurveyor and showing, on the one hand, the guaranteedchemical and mechanical characteristics and, on theother hand, the results of the tests performed for certifi-cation/inscription on cargo gear register.

3.1.3 For the elements as per Sec 2, [1.1.5], the Societymay require inspection of the materials by its Surveyors.

3.1.4 In general, the provisions of [3.1.2] and possibly of[3.1.3] apply to items of loose gear of SWL above 25 t.

However, for items of loose gear of SWL within 25 t and100 t a simple attestation of conformity of the material usedmay be accepted.

In any case, the supplier must specify the steel quality gradeused to manufacture loose gear, in accordance with theprovisions of Sec 5, [1.2.1].

3.1.5 Anyhow and, especially when there is a doubt con-cerning identification of the material, check tests may berequired to the Surveyor’s discretion.

3.1.6 Notwithstanding the herebefore provisions, the Soci-ety retains the right to require particular inspections or testsof the materials used for the manufacture of lifting appli-ances and their accessories.

3.1.7 For materials which have been satisfactorily testedand inspected in accordance with the requirements of theSociety, an Inspection Certificate signed by a Surveyor ofthe Society is delivered.

The materials are identified by reference to the deliveredInspection Certificate and marked either by a stamp \affixed in the presence of the Surveyor or, after the Society’sagreement, by a workshop stamp @ which does not requirethe Surveyor’s attendance.

3.2 Inspection of welds

3.2.1 Materials, workmanship, structures and welded con-nections are to be subjected, at the beginning of the work,during construction and after completion, to inspections bythe Shipyard suitable to check compliance with the applica-ble requirements, approved plans and standards. (Society’sSurveyors cannot be expected to act as a substitute to suchdepartment).

3.2.2 Non-destructive examinations are to be carried outwith appropriate methods and techniques suitable for theindividual applications, to be agreed with the Surveyor on acase by case basis.

3.2.3 The manufacturer is responsible for ensuring that theoperating conditions, welding procedures and work sched-ule are in accordance with the applicable requirements,approved plans and recognised good welding practice.

3.2.4 After completion of the welding operation and work-shop inspection, the structure is to be presented to the Sur-veyor for visual examination at a suitable stage of fabrication.

As far as possible, the results on non-destructive examina-tions are to be submitted.

3.3 Dimensional checking and visualinspection

3.3.1 All the welds involved in strength of the lifting appli-ances or their supports and their accessories are to be visu-ally inspected.

The welded seams are to be uniform and without end crater.The weld fillets are not to be convex and butt welds are notto be hollowed or concave.

3.4 Non-destructive examinations

3.4.1 The extent and the nature of the non-destructiveexaminations are to be determined by agreement betweenthe builder and the Surveyor of the Society taking intoaccount [3.4.2] to [3.4.6] the following requirements. Forthis purpose, the places to be examined and the nature ofthe examinations are to be mentioned on drawings or docu-ments handed to the Surveyor.

Upon approval of the drawings, non-destructive examina-tion of special places may be compulsorily required by theSociety without relieving the builder of the requirement tocarry out the normal examinations on other structural parts.


NR 526, Sec 10

3.4.2 The methods and acceptance criteria for radiographicand ultrasonic tests must comply with the requirements ofthe Rules for Steel ships.

3.4.3 For butt welding of transverse sections of isostatic(non-redundant connections) structures or parts, mainlystressed under tension, bending or torsion, the followingpercentages of the whole welded length should at least besubmitted to non-destructive examinations:

• 10% for radiographic tests

• 40% for ultrasonic tests

• 20% for crack detection.

For cranes with SWL higher than 25 t, radiographic exami-nations may be replaced by ultrasonic examinations afteragreement with the Surveyor; however, in the latter case,the ultrasonic examinations are to cover of each transversejoint.

When longitudinal welds end on (or cross with) a transverseweld, the corresponding joints are to be included amongthose to be examined.

3.4.4 When cross welded joints are accepted instead ofbutt welds as per [2.2.1], i.e. when one of the plates is ten-sile stressed in the through thickness direction, as well as inthe case of restrained joints, internal examinations by non-destructive methods are to be carried out on of the weldand of the heat affected zone in order to reduce the risk oflamellar tearing. Moreover, systematic crack detection is tobe carried out by dye-penetrant test and/or by magnetic par-ticle detection.

Note 1: Important: plates which are stressed in the through thicknessdirection are to be submitted to 100% non-destructive examinationprior to welding all along the contemplated welding line in order toascertain that no lamination defect exists (see also Sec 2, [1.2.8]).

3.4.5 Welds of large cross section, especially those exe-cuted on steel castings, steel forgings, heavily stressedwelded joints, connecting welds for fittings as well as thewelds carried out in critical conditions (for example, over-head welds) are to be submitted to suitable examinationsafter agreement with the Surveyor.

3.4.6 In some special cases, the Surveyor or the Societymay require inspections after completion of the load tests asper [8].

3.5 Repair of defects and final decision

3.5.1 The Surveyor is to be informed of every defectdetected upon examinations.

Unacceptable defects are to be eliminated and, if theirnumber is too important, the weld is to be entirely re-exe-cuted, taking the usual precautions.

After repair, new examinations are to be carried out.

3.5.2 Important repairs are to be carried out in agreementwith the Surveyor.

3.5.3 The repairs decided by the builder are to be communi-cated to the Surveyor. Results of the original examination andof the examination after repair are to be submitted to him.

3.5.4 When numerous or repeated defects are detected, theexaminations are to be extended to the Surveyor’s satisfac-tion to arrive at a reliable conclusion concerning executionof all welds.

3.5.5 The final decision as to extent of inspections defectsto be eliminated, repairs to be made and final acceptance ofthe welds is subject to the agreement of the Surveyor of theSociety.

4 Construction survey of the liftingappliances and of their accessories

4.1 Survey of the elements within the scopeof ship classification

4.1.1 The fixed parts of the lifting appliances as per Sec 1,[1.3.2] (crane pedestals, winch foundations, etc.) and theelements which connect them with the ship structure are tobe surveyed at the yard during construction by the Survey-ors of the Society within the scope of ship classification.

4.1.2 The Surveyor checks that the elements are built incompliance with the drawings approved by the Society andthat the materials are used correctly and in accordance withrelevant provisions of [2] and [3].

4.1.3 The yard is to provide the Surveyor with adequateidentification and inspection and testing documentation ofmaterial, in accordance with the provisions of [2] and [3].

4.1.4 If the origin of constituent materials (even materialpreviously controlled), the soundness of an element, thequality of welding or the results of non-destructive tests aredoubtful, the Surveyor may require either a complete orpartial repeat of the tests or inspections already carried outor the carrying out of additional tests or non-destructiveexaminations.

4.2 Survey of the components outside shipclassification

4.2.1 When classification of the lifting appliances isrequested, as a rule, a construction survey is required for thefollowing elements which are outside ship classification:

• main load carrying structures of lifting appliances

• fittings and accessories not submitted to separate tests

• loose gear with SWL greater than or equal to 100 t

• lifting beams, lifting frames and equivalent lifting aids

• hydraulic cylinders of the luffing and slewing devices ofthe crane jibs

• locking devices required for stability of the lifting appli-ances

• winches (prototypes)

• other elements, the functions of which are essential orsimilar to those of the elements listed above.

4.2.2 When required, the construction survey is carried outat the manufacturer’s works according to the procedure asper [4.1].


NR 526, Sec 10

4.2.3 In some cases, for example if mass production ele-ments are concerned, the construction survey required in[4.2.1] may be replaced by a final inspection as per therequirements of [6].

5 Inspection and testing at works ofropes

5.1 Steel wire ropes

5.1.1 All the wire ropes used in running rigging or standingrigging are to be inspected at the manufacturer's works inthe presence of a Surveyor of the Society.

5.1.2 The wire ropes submitted to the Surveyor for exami-nation are to be smooth and clean, free from oxidizingtrace, with no sign of broken or projecting wires and with-out scratching or crushing.

5.1.3 Precautions are to be taken upon paying out the wireropes from reels or coils in order to avoid the making ofkinks which would result in refusing the rope.The unwound wire rope must neither ripple nor twist whenit is not in tension.

5.1.4 For each continuous length to be inspected, a seriesof tests is to be carried out, according to Ch 4, Sec 1, [4.2]and Ch 4, Sec 1, [4.4] of NR216 Materials and Welding.

5.1.5 As an alternative, tests and checkings carried out incompliance with international or national standards may beaccepted if they are considered as equivalent to the require-ments of this Section. In particular the provisions of stan-dard ISO 3178-1988: Steel wire ropes for general purposes- Terms of acceptance are acceptable.

5.2 Fibre ropes

5.2.1 All synthetic fibre ropes are to be inspected at themanufacturer’s works.

5.2.2 An inspection is to be carried out for each continuouslength submitted to the Surveyor, according to Ch 4, Sec 1,[5.2] and Ch 4, Sec 1, [5.4] of NR216 Materials and Welding.

6 Final inspection and testing at worksprior to fitting onboard

6.1 Final inspection prior to fitting onboard

6.1.1 Prior to fitting onboard, a final inspection is to be car-ried out at the supplier’s works, for the following elements:• elements listed in [4.2.1] with all their fittings and main

equipment (for example equipped cranes)• all loose gear and other movable accessories• wire ropes and fibre ropes• all winches with their motors and reduction gear• electrical motors and equipment• pumps, hydraulic motors and equipment• other elements of primary importance or similar to those

listed above.

6.1.2 The supplier is to provide the Surveyor with the certif-icates or attestations relating to materials in accordancewith the provisions of [3.1].

6.1.3 The Surveyor checks that efficient arrangements areprovided to prevent the swivels or the suspending devicesof the accessories from being accidentally unscrewed; heascertains too that the various pins are locked in translation.

If deemed necessary, the Surveyor may ask to improve effi-ciency of the arrangements provided to effect this.

6.1.4 When tests are required (see [7.2]) the Surveyor sur-veys testing and inspects again the concerned elements tomake sure that they have undergone neither damage norpermanent deformation.

6.1.5 When the results of the inspections as per [7.1] andof the tests as per [7.2] are satisfactory, the Surveyor marksthe concerned elements as per [10] and delivers an inspec-tion certificate.

6.2 Tests prior to fitting onboard

6.2.1 The requirements from [7.3] to [7.6] determine thetest procedures to be followed for the elements to be testedwithin the scope of the final inspection prior to fittingonboard.

6.3 Loose gear

6.3.1 Every item of loose gear defined in Sec 1, [1.4.3] is tobe submitted to an overload test prior to fitting onboardunder the conditions as per [7].

6.3.2 When they are integral part of the lifting appliance orwhen the items are designed for very heavy loads (as a rulefor SWL ≥ 160 t) and when it is practically impossible tocarry out an individual test, exceptional waiving of individ-ual tests before fitting onboard may be accepted by theSociety but additional checks or non-destructive tests maybe required.

In such a case, these items are to be tested on the liftingappliance when overall proof testing is carried out as per[9.3.1].

6.3.3 The SWL allowed to each item under these condi-tions is not to be higher than the static load applied uponoverall proof testing less the test overload.

6.3.4 The items fixed or incorporated permanently in thestructure of the lifting appliance (such as built-in sheaves,trunnions, goosenecks and derrick heel cargo lead blockbearings, jib heel pins) are not regarded as part of loosegear.

6.4 Locking devices

6.4.1 In some cases, the Society may require testing of themain parts of the locking devices designed to ensure stabil-ity of the lifting appliance; as a rule, the proof load is to bein conformity with that required for loose gear and/or a partis to be submitted to a destructive test under loading condi-tions as near as possible to the working load conditions.


NR 526, Sec 10

6.5 Cylinders and hydraulic equipment

6.5.1 The hydraulic cylinders, the functions of which arethe lifting, luffing or slewing of the crane jibs are to be sub-mitted to an hydraulic test under a pressure at least equal to1,5 times the design pressure.

6.5.2 The pumps are to be submitted to a hydraulic testunder the conditions as per Pt C, Ch 1 Sec 10, [20.4.5], ofthe Rules for Steel Ships, i.e. at a test pressure PH , in MPa,equal to the following value:

PH = 1,5 P when P ≤ 4

PH = 1,4 P + 0,4 when 4 < P ≤ 25

PH = P + 10,4 when P > 25

where P is the design pressure, in MPa.

6.5.3 Pipings, welded joints and accessories (shut-offvalves, block-valves, etc.) are to be submitted to a hydraulictest at a pressure equal to 1,5 times the design pressure. Thistest may however be carried out after fitting onboard.

6.6 Other equipments

6.6.1 The electrical equipment are to be submitted toinspections and tests as per Sec 7, [3].

6.6.2 Winches and their equipment are to be submitted toinspections and tests as per Sec 7, [3].

7 Testing and inspection of loose gearprior to fitting onboard

7.1 General

7.1.1 The loose gear concerned in this article is defined inSec 1, [1.4.3]. It includes the following items:

• blocks

• hooks

• shackles

• swivels

• chains

• rings

• rigging screws

• slings

• lifting beams

• hand-operated tackles used with pitched chains, rings,hooks, shackles and swivels permanently attached to

• other loose gear fulfilling similar functions to thoselisted above.

7.1.2 Each item of loose gear defined in [7.1.1] is to begranted an individual SWL and must be submitted to anoverload test, prior to being fitted onboard.

These tests must normally be performed before painting, inthe presence of a Surveyor of the Society.

7.1.3 Test may be carried out by applying certified weights;their values must be justified to the Surveyor’s satisfaction.

Tensile testing machines of a type approved by the Societyand calibrated every year may also be used.

The guaranteed accuracy of these machines must be ± 2%.

A difference of ± 2% is acceptable in the value required forthe proof load.

7.1.4 When a weight is applied for testing, its value, in t,(proof load = PL) is defined in [7.2].

7.1.5 When a force is applied for testing, the value, in kN,of the test force TF is deduced from the provisions of [7.2]in considering TF = 10 PL.

7.1.6 Several items of loose gear attached together may betested simultaneously provided that the arrangementsensure that during testing each of them is actually submittedto a load (or a force) equal to the proof load (or test force)required according to its SWL.

Attention is drawn to the fact that sometimes this conditionis not complied with for the shackle connecting the ropewith the becket of a block: in such cases, this shackle mustbe tested separately.

7.2 Proof loads

7.2.1 When a load is applied for testing, the proof load, int, for each item of loose gear is defined in Tab 1 accordingto its own SWL.

7.3 Blocks

7.3.1 For definition of SWL of blocks, reference is to bemade to Sec 5. The special definition of SWL for singlesheave blocks with and without becket is to be noted. Theproof loads for every block are the loads to be applied totheir head fitting during testing.

7.3.2 In general, it is unnecessary to give a separate SWL tothe head fitting of the block since this element is an integralpart of the block.

7.3.3 When there is a becket, a separate SWL is to begranted to it, as stated in Sec 5.

7.3.4 In general, blocks with beckets are to be tested in twophases, as shown on Fig 5 and Fig 6.

7.3.5 The shackles of the blocks and those used to fastenthe ropes on the becket are to be considered as specialitems of loose gear (see [7.1.6]).

Note 1: When the recommendation of Sec 5, [2.2.2] is compliedwith (i.e. when SWL of the block is determined considering that allparts of rope are parallel) it can be accepted that the block and thebecket are tested in one single operation under the proof load asper Tab 1 (a) for single sheave blocks or Tab 1 (b) for multiplesheave blocks.


NR 526, Sec 10

Figure 5 : Testing of blocks head fitting and block pin

Proof load as per Tab 1 (a) or (b), as the case may be

Figure 6 : Testing of becket

Proof load as per Tab 1 (e)

7.4 Chains

7.4.1 The whole length of the chains with short and longlinks is to be submitted to a proof load in accordance withthe requirements of Tab 1.

Table 1 : Proof loads of loose gear

7.4.2 Moreover, it is to be checked on a sample includingat least three links that the chain can withstand a load equalto 4 times its SWL without being broken. As a rule, continu-ance of the test until breaking is not required, but the testedsample are to be discarded.

7.5 Ramshorn hooks

7.5.1 Ramshorn hooks may be tested in one operation ifthe proof load (PL) as per Tab 1 is suspended as shown onFig 7. If this arrangement is not adopted, the test are to becarried out in two phases: on the one hand, in applying theproof load PL vertically (see Fig 8) and, on the other hand,in applying horizontally a force corresponding to half theproof load (see Fig 9).

Figure 7 : Single phase testing

Figure 8 : Testing in first phase

Figure 9 : Testing in second phase

Elements / SWL, in t Proof load / PL, in t

a) Single sheave blocks: (1) SWL < 1313 ≤ SWL < 80 SWL ≥ 80

4 SWL 1,866 SWL + 27

2,2 SWL

b) Multiple sheave blocks: (2) SWL ≤ 2525 < SWL < 160 SWL ≥ 160

2 SWL 0,933 SWL + 27

1,1 SWL

c) Hand operated tackles used with pitched chains and rings, hooks, shackles and swivels permanently attached to:

1,5 SWL

d) Lifting beams, lifting frames, spreaders and similar lifting aids: SWL ≤ 1010 < SWL < 160 SWL ≥ 160

2 SWL 1,04 SWL + 9,6

1,1 SWL

e) Other items of loose gear: hooks, shackles, swivels, chains, rings, rig-ging screws, slings, etc.: SWL ≤ 25 SWL > 25

2 SWL 1,22 SWL + 20

(1) SWL of single sheave block, with or without becket, is equal to half the maximum load that the block is allowed to carry by means of its head fitting (see Sec 5, [2.2]).

(2) When a permanent built-in accessory (hook, swivel, head fitting, etc.) is part of the block, generally this accessory does not need to be tested separately (see [7.1.6]).


NR 526, Sec 10

7.6 Lifting beams, lifting frames and similarlifting aids (spreaders)

7.6.1 The test procedure of a lifting beam or similar item isto be provided so that the proof load induces in its variousstructural parts inclusive of the connecting elements, forcesproportional to and of the same direction as those whichresult from actual working conditions. This means that thefollowing elements are to be taken into account: direction ofapplication of the weight corresponding to the mass of thelifting beam, slinging method provided for handling the ser-vice load and suspension method of the whole lifting beam.

7.6.2 In the case of lifting beams with several SWL’s and/orseveral possibilities for slinging the load and/or several pos-sibilities for suspension from the lifting appliance, everyspecial working arrangement are to be tested with an over-load. To this end, a test programme are to be proposed tothe Surveyor who have right to ask for its submission forexamination by the Society.

7.6.3 The test forces may be applied by hydraulic cylinders.In such a case, proof are to be given to the Surveyor that theapplied forces are really those required within acceptablelimits of accuracy.

7.6.4 The various components of lifting beams such as hooks,shacides, rings, chains or slings are to be regarded as specialitems of loose gear and must therefore be tested separately.

7.7 Thorough examination after testing

7.7.1 After testing, every item of loose gear must be thor-oughly examined by a Surveyor of the Society.

7.7.2 Thorough examination aims at checking that the itemhas not been damaged or permanently deformed by testingand that there is no apparent defect likely to impair its reli-ability in service.

7.7.3 Thorough examination consists of a visual inspectioncompleted by other means, if need be, such as dismantlingor various non-destructive tests which may be required bythe Surveyor.

7.7.4 The pins and sheaves of blocks must be dismantled forinspection. However, in the case of a batch of identical blocks,only dismantling of one or several of these blocks taken at ran-dom from the batch may be required by the Surveyor.

7.7.5 The items which include mobile parts must operatefreely. Especially, it must be ascertained that the sheaves of theblocks as well as the swivels rotate freely around their axle.

7.7.6 When damages such as cracks are detected after test-ing of an item of loose gear, as a rule, this item are to be dis-carded. Moreover, if this item is a part of a batch of identicalelements the other elements of this batch are to be examinedvery carefully to the Surveyor’s satisfaction either by dyepenetrant test or by magnetic particle test if cracks end at thesurface or near to the surface or by ultrasonic or radio-graphic tests if the damages result from internal defects.

Repairs may be contemplated only in agreement with theSurveyor who may possibly refer to the Society in thisrespect. Any element the strength of which may have beenaffected by repair are to be re-tested.

7.7.7 When the result of the examination is satisfactory, theSurveyor has the item marked for identification in accor-dance with the provisions of [10].A certificate will be issued subsequently as per Sec 1, [2].

8 Survey of fitting onboard

8.1 General

8.1.1 Fitting onboard of cranes, gantry-cranes, winches andassociated accessories is to be surveyed by the Surveyors ofthe Society.Survey of the fitting aboard of the fixed parts of the liftingappliances (see [4.1]) is carried out within the scope of shipclassification.

8.1.2 It is the responsibility of the yard to inform the localoffice of the Society of the beginning of installation worksonboard and to acquaint it with the scheduled programmein this respect.

8.1.3 Intervention of the Society is limited to survey of sat-isfactory carrying out of the connections of the lifting appli-ances with the ship structure, to checking of correct riggingof the accessories and of good working of the driving equip-ment. It does not concern handling or scaffolding requiredto set up the lifting appliances.

8.1.4 The Surveyor checks that the materials, the loose gearand the various equipment used have been duly submittedto the inspections and tests required in this Section andascertains that they are suitably identified by their marks.The relevant certificates are to be made available for theSurveyor.

8.1.5 It is also checked that the loose gear is located inaccordance with the lay-out drawing of the rigging elementsand that the wire and fibre ropes are suitably rigged.Precautions are to be taken to avoid kinks when reels ofropes are uncoiled.

The ropes, hinges, bearings, roller or ball bearings, swivelsand various pins are to be suitably greased with the lubri-cants recommended by the suppliers.

8.1.6 The hydraulic systems are to be submitted to a testpressure equal to 1,5 times the design pressure.However if a hydraulic test of the piping and its accessorieshas been performed prior to fitting onboard as per [6.5.1],the whole of the hydraulic system may be tested after fittingaboard at a pressure equal to:• 1,25 times the design pressure when welded joints have

been executed onboard• at the set pressure of the safety valves or other protecting

devices against over pressures if no welded joint hasbeen executed onboard or if all the welded joints exe-cuted onboard have been subjected to nondestructivetests to the satisfaction of the Surveyor of the Society.


NR 526, Sec 10

8.1.7 As a rule, the no-load tests and preliminary checkingas per [9.2] are carried out within the scope of the survey ofthe fitting onboard.

9 Overall testing prior to putting intoservice

9.1 General

9.1.1 All the lifting appliances concerned in this Rule Notemust be tested prior to their putting into operation in thepresence of a Surveyor of the Society.

9.1.2 A detailed test programme taking into account therequirements of this section is to be drawn up and submit-ted to the Surveyor.

For intricate cases, the Surveyor may require submitting ofthe test programme to the approval of the Society to takeinto account the most critical loading cases as determinedby calculation.

9.1.3 Prior to testing, the test programme is to be agreed bythe captain or the person responsible for the ship (or for thesupport of the lifting appliance) by the builder and by theSurveyor of the Society.

9.1.4 Prior to any load test, the captain or the personresponsible for the ship must confirm that ship stability willnot be impaired by testing and that strength of the structuresintended to support the proof loads is sufficient.

If special ballast conditions or special devices (for example,support legs or removable stays) are provided either to limitthe list of the support or to ensure stability of the liftingappliance, the person responsible for the ship is to ascer-tained that these conditions are complied with and thatthese devices are fitted before and during the load tests.

If ballast conditions are to be modified depending on theoutreach of the proof load, working of the ballast system areto be tested prior to carrying out load tests.

9.1.5 During the overload tests and the load manoeuvringtests, the person responsible for the ship is to check that thelist and trim conditions remain within the limits taken intoaccount for calculation (see Sec 3, [3.2]).

If ballast capabilities do not allow compliance with theselimits, as a rule, the tests are to be stopped and anotherstudy is to be submitted for approval with modified trim andlist conditions.

In a few cases, carrying out of load tests in the maximumtrim and list conditions taken into account in the study maybe required. If the person responsible for the ship is againstplacing the ship in these conditions since he considers thatthere is a risk of instability, the maximum list and trimangles finally authorized are to be reduced to the valuesdeemed acceptable by the aforesaid person.

9.1.6 The load tests are to be carried out by applying certi-fied weights the value of which are to be justified to the Sur-veyor’s satisfaction with an accuracy of ± 2%.

9.1.7 The tests include:

• preliminary no-load tests (if these tests have not beencarried out within the scope of survey of fitting onboard)

• overload test intended to test the strength of the appli-ance and its support

• manoeuvring tests of the appliance at maximum capac-ity in conditions as near as possible to actual workingconditions.

9.1.8 When a lifting appliance is designed to handle loadsin several different conditions, the overload test and themanoeuvring tests at maximum service capacity are to becarried out for each of these conditions.

However, if the overload test corresponding to a specialworking condition does not result in submitting an appli-ance, its connections, its support and any of its constituents(except for the loose gear which have been tested sepa-rately) to stresses higher than those supported during othertests, the overload test may possibly be omitted for this spe-cial working condition, subject to agreement of the Sur-veyor or of the Society. The manoeuvring test at maximumworking capacity corresponding to this condition are how-ever to be carried out.

9.2 No-load testing and preliminary checking

9.2.1 The whole lifting appliance is to be tested under no-load in order to check that every motion may be carried outwithin the contemplated working area.

9.2.2 During this test, correct operation of the driving andcontrol devices of the motors, winches and brakes is to bechecked.

9.2.3 It is to be ascertained that the ropes do not rub onmetal parts and that there is no risk of them coming out ofthe block grooves.

It is also to be checked that the lengths of the ropes are suf-ficient and comply with the requirements of Sec 7, [1.2.2].

9.2.4 The end limit switches are to be set.

9.3 Overload testing

9.3.1 The proof load is specified in Tab 2 according to fac-tor SWL of the lifting appliance, describing maximumcapacity of the appliance.

Table 2 : Proof loads of the lifting appliances

For offshore crane, the SWL referred in Tab 2 is to be takenas the greater of:

• 0,75 αCZ SWL

• SWL.

αCZ is defined in Sec 3.

SWL of the lifting appliance, in t Proof load, in t

SWL ≤ 20 20 < SWL < 50 SWL ≥ 50

1,25 SWLSWL + 51,1 SWL


NR 526, Sec 10

9.3.2 When the SWL of the lifting appliances is constantover their whole working area they must be tested at theirmaximum radius i.e. at the minimum topping angle takeninto account in the calculations.

9.3.3 The lifting appliances the SWL of which varies con-tinuously over their working area must be tested at maxi-mum and minimum topping angles. A test in anintermediate position to be determined in agreement withthe Surveyor or the Society may be required.

If the SWL does not vary continuously over the workingarea but remains constant between two different values ofthe topping angle, the test are to be carried out at the maxi-mum radius corresponding to each different SWL.

9.3.4 The various motions allowed by the lifting applianceare to be carried out at low speed with the proof load.

a) Lifting motion: the proof load is to be lifted at lowspeed, the crane jib being located in the longitudinalplane of the ship. It is unnecessary to lift the proof loadup to the maximum possible height, however, as a mini-mum, the cargo winch drum are to be entirely rotated.

b) Luffing motion: the crane jibs must be raised to theirmaximum luffing angle then lowered to their minimumluffing angle.

c) Translation: the various translating motions of the over-head travelling cranes, underhung trolleys, travellinggantries and travelling cranes are to be performed allalong their tracks.

9.3.5 Stationary position of the proof load in case of failureof the power-source feeding the winches is to be demon-strated.

9.4 Operational testing

9.4.1 Manoeuvring tests at maximum working capacity(αCZ SWL) are to be carried out over the whole working areaof the lifting appliance concerned.

In particular, the load is to be handled over the whole out-line of the working area.

9.4.2 These tests are to be carried out at the maximumworking speed at which the lifting appliance may be usedfor each possible motion. When several motions may becarried out at the same time, the manoeuvring tests are alsoto be carried out under these conditions.

9.4.3 Correct operation of the rigging, of the machineryand of the control devices are to be checked during testing.

In particular, efficiency of all the brakes inclusive of those ofemergency stopping devices are to be proved.

9.4.4 Correct winding of ropes on winch drums are to bechecked under load, especially when the maximum lengthof ropes is wound on drum.

9.4.5 Safety devices such as end limit-switches, load andmoment indicators are to be set definitively and their goodoperation proved.

9.4.6 It is to be proved that the load can be held stationaryand can be lowered at low speed in case of failure of thepower source.

9.4.7 Under the responsibility of the responsible personaboard the ship and with the consent of the builders, themanoeuvring tests under load may be performed with theproof load as per [9.3.1] under the conditions stated in[9.4].

9.5 Inspections after testing

9.5.1 After testing, fixed or movable parts of the liftingappliance and of its support are to be inspected by manu-facturer under the attendance of the surveyor.

9.5.2 The thorough examination aims at verifying that thecomponents of the lifting appliance and its supporting struc-tures have not been damaged or permanently deformedduring testing and that no defect likely to impede reliabilityof the lifting appliance is apparent.

9.5.3 The thorough examination consists in a visual inspec-tion complemented by other means, such as dismantlings orvarious non-destructive controls which may possibly berequired by the Surveyor.

Special attention are to be paid to the connections of thelilting appliance with its support and to the places wherethe structures are discontinuous in shape.

The Society may require carrying out of special tests orexaminations at some places after testing.

9.5.4 Repairs can be contemplated only after agreementwith the Surveyor of the Society who may possibly apply tothe Society. If repairs concern load carrying elements, theoverload test and possibly the manoeuvring tests are to berepeated under conditions to be accepted by the Surveyorand, possibly, by the Society.

9.5.5 When the result of the inspections after testing is sat-isfactory, the Surveyor marks the lifting appliance in accor-dance with the provisions of [10] and then issues acertificate as per Sec 1, [2].

10 Marking

10.1 General

10.1.1 Marking of lifting appliances, their componentparts, materials used, items of loose gear and equipmentsaims at:

• identifying the elements which have been subjected tosurveys at works such as inspections of materials, con-struction surveys, final inspections and, if any, tests priorto putting into operation

• specifying characteristics such as SWL working pres-sure, quality grade of materials, etc.

• defining the location either of an item of loose gear on alifting appliance or of an appliance aboard the ship.

10.1.2 Materials are to be marked for identification inaccordance with the provisions of [3.1.7].


NR 526, Sec 10

10.1.3 Equipments which are not considered as part ofloose gear (see [7.1.1]) are to be marked for identification asper [10.3].

10.1.4 Items of loose gear defined in [7.1.1] are to bemarked in accordance with the provisions of [10.4].

10.1.5 In order to avoid confusion of SWL for an item ofloose gear or a lifting appliance, as a rule, the proof load isnot to be marked unless it is preceded by the notationPROOF LOAD written out in full.

10.1.6 To locate elements onboard the ship, reference is tobe made to the hold served by its number; the holds arenumbered from forward.

When a hold is served by several lifting appliances, theposition of the appliance is to be defined in adding to thehold number the notation F or A depending on the portionof the hold served by the appliance (fore or aft) or/and theletter P or S depending on the location of the appliance toportside or starboard. For example, a crane located to star-board and serving the fore part of hold N°3 may be marked3FS.

10.2 Recommendations of marking equipmentsor accessories

10.2.1 Marks are to be stamped in places where there is nostress concentration and clear of welds.

10.2.2 The stamps used are to have rounded edges and arenot to be applied more deeply than is required to obtain alegible and durable mark.

10.2.3 When the marks are stamped directly on the ele-ment, the number of letters, figures and symbols is to bereduced to a minimum and the sizes of stamps are not toexceed the values shown in Tab 3.

Table 3 : Sizes for stamps

10.2.4 When the marks cannot be stamped directly on theelement due to its shape or nature, they are to be affixed toa suitable support fixed permanently such as a small plateor ferrule made of durable material.

10.2.5 The SWL is to be given in kilograms (abbreviationkg) when they are lower than 1000 kg and in tonnes (abbre-viation t, 1 t = 1000 kg) when they are greater than or equalto 1 t with the following accuracy:

• integer number without decimal for the SWL lower than1000 kg

• integer number or number with a single decimal for theSWL laying between 1 t and 10 t except for the valueswhich end with 0,25 or 0,75

• integer number or number with a single decimal whichshould be 5 for the SWL laying between 10 t and 100 t

• integer number for the SWL greater than or equal to100 t.

10.2.6 If required by the national regulations, marking ofthe SWL may be replaced by marking of the SWF indecanewtons (abbreviation daN) for the SWF lower than10000 daN or in kilonewtons (abbreviation kN) for the SWFgreater than or equal to 100 kN.

In such cases, no decimal is to be indicated.

10.3 Marking of equipments after constructionsurvey or final inspection

10.3.1 The minimum data to be marked on the materialswhich have been surveyed during manufacturing or finallyinspected, prior to their leaving the workshops, are as fol-lows:

• stamp \ affixed by the Surveyor of the Society

• date (month by the number and year) of the final inspec-tion

• number of the inspection certificate or identificationnumber which must be mentioned on the inspectioncertificate.

Moreover, it is recommended to mark also the grade of steelused preceded by the letters MAT: for example MAT-A (steelgrade A) or MAT-DH36 (steel grade DH36) on the structuresor the accessories made of one material only.

10.3.2 The crane jibs are to be marked near the heel fitting.

10.3.3 Wire and fibre ropes are to be marked on a plate orferrule set in the rope.

When the wire or fibre ropes are fitted with end sockets,marking of these elements must be completed by the SWL(or SWF) of these elements.

10.3.4 In addition to the marking as per [10.3.1], the ratedcharacteristics of the equipments tested at works (exclusiveof the loose gear as per [7.1.1] for which reference is to bemade to the provisions of [10.4]) are to be shown on themanufacturer’s plates.

In particular, the SWF and possibly the maximum holdingforce are to be shown on the winches.

The working pressure and the test pressure are to be indi-cated (in bar) on the hydraulic cylinders and pumps.

The type and rated characteristics of the electric motors areto be mentioned.

Type of element Size, in mm

Elements of circular cross-section: diameter ≤ 13 mm13 mm < diameter ≤ 26 mm diameter > 26 mm

3,04,5 6,0

Other elements: SWL ≤ 2 t2 t < SWL ≤ 8 t SWL > 8 t

3,04,5 6,0


NR 526, Sec 10

10.4 Marking of loose gear

10.4.1 The following marks are to be affixed to each itemof loose gear:


• date (month by the number and year) of the test

• number of the test certificate or identification number(or reference number) which must be mentioned on thetest certificate

• steel quality grade mark (L, M, P, S, T or V) in accor-dance with Sec 5, Tab 1 or Sec 5, Tab 2 depending onwhether a lifting chain or another accessory is con-cerned (see [10.4.2])

• SWL of the accessory preceded by the letters SWL: forexample SWL 10 t or SWL 500 kg

• additional marking:

• blocks: see [10.4.3]

• lifting beams: see [10.4.4].

10.4.2 When an accessory consists of several elementsmade of steel of various grades, the quality grade is to bemarked on each element, for instance the side plates of ablock may be marked M, its head fitting P and the sheavepin S.

10.4.3 The maximum diameter, in mm, of rope for whichthe block is provided is to be marked (e.g.: 22 mm).

Blocks are to be marked on the side plates.

10.4.4 The actual self weight (tare) of the lifting beams,spreaders or other equivalent lifting aids is to be stamped onthese elements when their weight is greater than 100 kg.

In addition, the SWL and the actual self weight (tare) are tobe painted with easily legible letters and figures at least75 mm high.

Example: TARE 1,5 t - SWL 22 t

When several slinging methods are provided for hangingthe load (or the lifting beam) in relation to different SWLelements are to be properly marked to reduce to a mini-mum the risk of improper use.

10.5 Marking of the lifting appliance prior toputting into service

10.5.1 In addition to the marking of the component parts inaccordance with the provisions of [10.3] and [10.4], the lift-ing appliances are to be marked with easily legible letters(for example with light coloured letters on a black ground)at least 75 mm high as mentioned in [10.5.2]. They are tobe marked too as mentioned in [10.5.3].

10.5.2 Marking of cranes

The SWL, minimum and maximum radius, in m, of cranesare to be marked on jib.

When a crane is equipped with a main boom and an auxil-iary jib, the SWL and corresponding radii of the main hooklocated at the end of the main boom are to be marked onthe main boom; the SWL and corresponding radii of theauxiliary hook located at the end of the auxiliary jib are tobe marked on the auxiliary jib.

For variable load/radius cranes, the diagram of the liftingcapacities is to be posted at the control station.

Tab 4 gives some examples for marking the cranes.

Table 4 : Marking of cranes

10.5.3 The following marks are to be stamped near thecrane jib pins:


• date (month by the number and year) of the overall testsof the lifting appliance

• number of the test certificate or identification number(or reference number) which must be mentioned on thetest certificate

• marks similar to those as per [10.5.2] (SWL, minimumtopping angle for derrick booms, minimum and maxi-mum radii for cranes).

10.5.4 Exclusive arrangement for offshore crane

For the SWL marking, two options are left to the crane man-ufacturer :

• indicating, for all the elements, the allowable load cor-responding to operation in port (still water condition). Inthis case, the derating to be applied, approved accord-ing to operation conditions, will be clearly indicated inthe Crane Manual and relevant instructions brought tothe knowledge of the operator and the personnel usingor serving the appliance

• indicating, only for hooks, the allowable load corre-sponding to use in open sea and approved according tothe operating condition.

The first option is acceptable for supply cranes on boardmobile units operating in ports as well as in open sea.

The second one is appropriate for work cranes speciallydesigned to operate in open sea.

Marks Corresponding use (at port)

SWL 15 t (4 m - 22 m) Crane of 15 t constant SWL for range of radii between 4 m and 22 m

SWL 50 t (5 m - 8 m)SWL 10 t - 30 m

Crane of variable load/radius• Maximum capacity 50 t for

range or radii between 5 m and 8 m - Capacity 10 t at maximum radius 30 m.

Diagram of lifting capacities versus radius is to be posted at the control station.


NR 526, Sec 11

SECTION 11 MAINTENANCE

1 General provisions

1.1 Application

1.1.1 This Section is applicable to lifting appliances used atport or on open sea.

1.1.2 Unless otherwise specified, the term ship means aship, an offshore unit or a fixed or mobile offshore platform.

1.2 Survey requirements for the fixed part ofthe lifting appliances in scope of shipclassification

1.2.1 In order to maintain the class of the ship, the fixedparts of the lifting appliances (see Sec 1, [1.3.2]) are submit-ted either to the survey requirements of Pt A, Ch 2 of theRules for Steel Ships or those provided for in the Rules forOffshore units.

1.3 Validity of Bureau Veritas Cargo GearRegister and Maintenance of additionalclass notations for lifting appliances

1.3.1 In order to validate Bureau Veritas Cargo Gear Regis-ter and/or to maintain additional class notation for the lift-ing appliances, the lifting appliances and their accessoriesmust be submitted to:

• an annual thorough examination for lifting appliancesused at harbour or offshore conditions (as defined inSec1 [1.1.1]), in particular when one of the additionalclass notation ALP or (ALP) has been granted, especiallywhen the lifting appliances are used to load and unloadship at port within the application of the ConventionsN°32 or N°152 of the l.LO. (see Sec 1, [1.3.3]).

• a six-monthly thorough examination when:

- one of the additional class notations ALM, (ALM),ALS or (ALS) has been granted

- the lifting appliances concerned are used at sea,especially for the appliances referred to in asamended MODU Code as amended or in the l.LO.Code of practice concerning construction of fixedoffshore installations (see Sec 1, [1]) and for appli-ances used for handling diving units

• a quinquennial thorough examination including re-test-ing of the lifting appliances.

1.3.2 Thorough examination means a detailed visual exam-ination attended by a surveyor of the Society and supple-mented, if the Surveyor of the Society deems it necessary,by other suitable means such as non-destructive tests car-ried out as carefully as the conditions permit in order to

arrive at a reliable conclusion as to the safety of theinspected lifting appliance or accessory and the safety ofthe elements used to fix the lifting appliance or accessory.

For this purpose, the component parts of the appliance oraccessory are to be dismantled if the Surveyor deems it nec-essary.

1.3.3 Two types of thorough examinations are considered:

• annual or six-monthly thorough examinations

• quinquennial thorough examinations including, in addi-tion to a thorough annual examination, systematiccheckings and compulsory re-testing of the lifting appli-ances. These thorough examinations may be quinquenalupon owner’s request.

The typical procedure of a thorough annual or six-monthlythorough examination is detailed in [2].

The typical procedure of a quinquennial thorough examina-tion is detailed in [3].

These typical procedures are given for guidance only. Theymay be either reinforced or relaxed by the Surveyordepending on the general maintenance conditions or onany other element he would be acquainted with likely toaffect his final decision.

1.3.4 A thorough examination of the lifting appliances andtheir accessories may be carried out simultaneously with asurvey as required in [1.2.1]. In such a case, the thoroughexamination includes and replaces the aforesaid survey.

But anyhow a survey as mentioned in [1.2.1] can neitherreplace a thorough examination nor ensure maintenance ofclassification of the lifting appliances and/or maintenanceof validity of the Cargo Gear Register.

1.3.5 In the case of discontinuance or suspension of theadditional class notation of the lifting appliances and/or ofexpiration of the validity of the Cargo Gear Register, the sur-veys as per [1.2.1] are again compulsory to maintain theclassification of the ship or offshore unit.

1.3.6 Any noticeable incident or accident occurring in theworking of the lifting appliances must be notified to theSociety in due time.

Any project concerning repair or alteration of the existingarrangements which would affect its strength or reliabilitymust be submitted to the agreement of the Society.

The lifting appliances must be operated as originallydesigned and especially as mentioned in the Cargo GearRegister and in the Certificate of the lifting appliances.

If these requirements are not complied with, the additionalclass notations may be suspended or withdrawn.


NR 526, Sec 11

1.3.7 The carrying out of periodical thorough examinationsdoes not relieve the person responsible aboard from havingregular inspections performed by a designated member ofhis staff and from ensuring normal maintenance of the lift-ing appliances and their accessories.

1.4 Postponements of surveys or examinations

1.4.1 Upon Owner’s request, the surveys as per [1.2.1] maybe postponed under the conditions and within the limitsdefined in Pt A, Ch 2, Sec 2, [1] of the Rules for Steel Shipsor in the Rules for Offshore Units, as the case may be.

1.4.2 Upon Owner’s request, the thorough examinations asper [1.3.1] may be postponed under the conditions andwithin the limits as follows:

• a survey is carried out by a Surveyor of the Society whoascertains by visual examination that the whole of thelifting appliances is in condition satisfactory enough topostpone the thorough examination, If not so, the Sur-veyor may require dismantling, forbid the use of the lift-ing appliance until the next thorough examination orreject postponement. Further to this survey, an attesta-tion is issued by the Surveyor

• the Owner has obtained the agreement of the NationalAuthorities of the flag country of the ship or of the off-shore unit and informed the Society accordingly

• the thorough examination is postponed:

- by 3 months at the most to be counted from theanniversary of the end of the original overall tests (orthe last thorough quinquennial examination) tomaintain the additional class notations ALP and(ALP)

- by 1 month at the most to maintain the additionalclass notations ALM, (ALM), ALS and (ALS)

• the postponement granted shall not delay the subse-quent thorough examinations to be carried out at thedates originally scheduled

• the postponement granted does not prejudge the posi-tion which could be adopted by the Authorities whohave jurisdiction over the working site (Port Authoritiesor Coastal State Authorities).

1.4.3 Upon Owner’s request, a twelve-monthly postpone-ment may be granted by the Society for the carrying out of athorough quinquennial examination provided that anannual (or six-monthly) thorough examination takes placeeither at the scheduled date or at the date postponed as per[1.4.2].

Note 1: No postponement will be granted for re-testing due torepairs, changes in elements or conversions (see [4.5], [5.1.8] and[5.2.5]).

1.5 National regulations

1.5.1 Attention of Owners or Operators is drawn to the factthat National Authorities who have or have not ratified thel.LO. Conventions N°32 or N°152 and/or taken intoaccount the l.M.O. MODU Code and/or the I.LO. Code of

practice concerning the construction of fixed offshoreinstallations may have enacted more severe regulations thanthe requirements of this chapter.

These National Authorities may be those of the ship flag or ofthe offshore unit and/or those who have jurisdiction over theworking site (Port Authorities or Coastal State Authorities).

It is the responsibility of the Owners or Operators to checkthat the requirements of this Section especially those con-cerning periodicity of surveys, examinations or postpone-ments are admissible by the Authorities concerned.

1.5.2 When a Cargo Gear Register has been issued in com-pliance with special national regulations, the validity of thisRegister shall be maintained in accordance with these regu-lations; however when the requirements of this Section arenot inconsistent with the previsions of the national regula-tions, they may be applied wholly or partly.

1.5.3 It is to be noted that the Society is empowered onlyby some governments to carry out statutory surveys and todeliver certificates or attestations within the scope of theirown regulations. Admissibility of the relevant requests forsuch interventions are to be examined by the Society.

2 Six-monthly or annual thoroughexaminations

2.1 General

2.1.1 The Cargo Gear Register and its attached documentsmust be shown to the Surveyor who will ascertain that theyare brought up to date and especially that no alteration hasbeen made to the equipment since the last thorough exami-nation.

2.1.2 The responsible person of the ship or of the offshoreunit is to take all the necessary steps to allow the Surveyorto carry out thorough examinations under satisfactory con-ditions of safety.

As far as possible, the elements to be examined are to bebrought down to deck. In particular, the derrick booms andthe crane jibs are to be lowered to facilitate their inspection.

2.1.3 The ladders, gangways or other means of access usedfor inspection are to be in satisfactory condition. If not so,repairs may be required by the Surveyor before carrying outthe examination.

The Surveyor may require the provision of a safety harnessand fitting of guard rails or other protecting devices for hisown safety.

2.1.4 The elements for which the Surveyor considers dis-mantling is necessary are to be dismantled and re-assem-bled by skilled personnel under the responsibility of amember of the ship’s staff. They are to be suitably cleanedand degreased before examination.

2.1.5 The Surveyor may require removal of the protectivecoatings (planking, flooring, sheathing, painting, etc.) notablyfor crack and/or corrosion detection, or thickness checking.


NR 526, Sec 11

2.1.6 The methods for repairs, the criteria for replacementand the re-testing due to repairs or replacements aredefined in [4].

2.2 Fixed parts and connections with hull

2.2.1 The fixed structures of the lifting appliances must bechecked to ascertain that there is no corrosion, deformationand other damages likely to impede their reliability.

Special attention is to be paid to their connections espe-cially with the hull, where risks of corrosion are the mostimportant.

2.2.2 The structure adjacent to the places where liftingappliances are fixed to the structure of the ship or of theplatform is to be examined above and under deck.

The mounting rings for cranes and rails for gantry-cranes areto be carefully examined.

2.3 Removable structures and fittings

2.3.1 The joints of moving or hinged structures (forks, piv-ots, goosenecks, jib heel pins, span trunnions, etc.) are to beexamined to ascertain that there is no crack or deformationand that they are in good maintenance condition and suit-ably greased.

It is recalled that the Surveyor is always authorized to askfor dismantling if necessary, in particular if abnormal clear-ances are noticed.

2.3.2 The crane jibs are to be examined to check that theyare not distorted, buckled or corroded and that there is notrace of impacts or abnormal wear especially on the sur-faces in contact with stowage cradles. The built-in sheavesare to be examined as per [2.4.3].

2.3.3 The connections of braces and struts of lattice struc-tures are to be carefully inspected to detect possible cracksor corrosion.

2.3.4 The fittings intended for fixing the rigging accessoriesare to be examined as per [2.2.1].

2.3.5 The crane slewing rings and their fixing elements arecarefully examined to detect possible cracks at random, byhammer tests or any other suitable means, and to ascertainthat abnormal clearances have not developed. It is recom-mended to carry out this inspection in the presence of arepresentative from the crane manufacturer and to take intoaccount his recommendations and those given in the oper-ating manual of the crane.

2.3.6 The requirement [2.3.5] applies to bogies of gantrycranes or travelling cranes.

2.3.7 When fixing bolts have been removed to check theirgood condition they must be retightened to the torque stip-ulated by the builder or, failing that, to the torque given inSec 4, [2.3.4] according to steel bolt quality. It is howeverrecommended to replace the removed bolts by new bolts(see [4.2.6]).

2.4 Loose gear

2.4.1 Every item of loose gear is to be examined to checkthat it is not distorted or cracked and that wear or corrosionis within acceptable limits.

2.4.2 It must be checked that locking devices of pins, nutsor swivels are not damaged or missing.

2.4.3 Blocks are examined to check that sheaves rotatefreely around their axis and that grooves are not abnormallyor excessively worn.

Three cases of abnormal wear of a block groove are shownon Fig 1:

a) symmetrical wear on both sides of groove: in generalmeans that the groove radius is not sufficient but mayalso means that the fleet angle of the rope (see Sec 7,[1.2.4]) is too great

b) symmetrical wear very much localized at the bottom ofgroove: usually means that the radius of block groove istoo great

c) dissymmetrical wear on one side: usually occurs onblocks the head fitting of which is not free enough, theblock is not freely positioned in the plane formed byboth directions of the rope (no swivel for instance). Insuch a case, the block head fitting is to be carefullyexamined.

Figure 1 : Anormal wear of block groove

2.4.4 The existing items of loose gear in wrought iron are tobe replaced as soon as possible by accessories made of steelor other materials not subject to metallurgic ageing andwhich do not require to be heat-treated at regular intervals.

Until they are replaced, the items of loose gear in wroughtiron (chains, rings, hooks, shackles, swivels) are to beannealed at regular intervals.

The periodicity for annealing is 6 months for the elementswith a diameter lower than or equal to 12,5 mm and oneyear for the others. If however the above mentioned ele-ments are part of hand-operated tackles or apparatus, theabove periodicity may be doubled.

Annealing is to be carried out in a suitable furnace and notin an open fire.


NR 526, Sec 11

2.5 Wire and fibre ropes

2.5.1 Wire and fibre ropes are to be inspected to check orto detect:

• corrosions or chemical attacks

• wear condition, especially on curved portions

• broken wires or strands

• deformation or straining of wires and strands (wireextrusions, kinks, protusions of core, bends, flattenedportions, etc.)

• local increase or decrease in rope diameter

• condition of rope terminations inclusive of winch endfastenings.

2.5.2 Absence of internal corrosion or damage is to bechecked at random preferably choosing places where therope is especially exposed and where variations in diameterare noticed.

Generally, the internal examination at random of non- rotat-ing ropes is necessary to ascertain that breaking of wires orstrands not normally visible has not occurred.

2.5.3 The terminations of shrouds and pendants are to becarefully examined to detect corrosion due to infiltrationinto the rope sockets.

2.5.4 Temporary shrouds (removable stays) and slings instore are also to be examined.

2.5.5 After examination, the wire ropes must be suitablylubricated.

2.6 Winches

2.6.1 Winches and their reduction gears are to be exam-ined to check their general maintenance conditions:absence of corrosion, suitable lubrication of the gear, con-dition of the attachments and foundations.

2.6.2 The locking devices (pawls, ratchet-wheels) arechecked to detect possible cracks.

2.6.3 The connections of the end flanges with the drum areto be examined to detect corrosion and possible cracks.

2.6.4 Good condition of the rope end fastenings is to bechecked.

It must be ascertained that three safety turns remain on thedrum in operating condition and two safety turns when thelifting appliance is in stowed condition.

2.6.5 Wear condition of the brake linings is to be checked.

2.7 Operation and safety devices

2.7.1 Good operation of the machinery, of its controldevices and of the brakes is to be checked in carrying outno load manoeuvres in the presence of the Surveyor.

2.7.2 The visible parts of the electric, hydraulic or air cir-cuits are to be examined to ascertain that they have not suf-fered damage likely to impede their reliability.

2.7.3 It must be checked that the various safety devices (safetyvalves, fuses, guards, limit switches, load indicators, emer-gency stops, etc.) are fitted and in good operating conditions.

3 Quinquennial thorough examinations

3.1 General

3.1.1 The procedure described in [2] for annual or six-monthly thorough examinations is applicable to the quin-quennial thorough examinations which is to be, as a rule,completed by dismantlings, thickness measurements, sys-tematic checkings and by compulsory retesting of the liftingappliances.

3.1.2 The typical procedure of the quinquennial thoroughexamination normally includes:

• checking for compliance of the existing arrangementswith the rigging drawings and the certificates attachedto the Cargo Gear Register

• thickness measurements at random of the structural ele-ments

• thorough examination of the dismantled elements

• re-testing of the lifting appliances after re-assembling

• thorough examination after testing.

3.1.3 Attention is drawn to the requirement [1.3.3] espe-cially to the last paragraph which gives the Surveyor full dis-cretion to strenghten or to reduce the typical procedureexcept for re-performing of the tests which is compulsory.

3.2 Systematic checking of the location andmarking of loose gear

3.2.1 The Surveyor checks that the rigging list is up-to-dateand corresponds actually to the existing arrangements.

3.2.2 It is to be ascertained that relevant test certificates ofthe existing loose gear are onboard.

3.3 Thickness measurements

3.3.1 The number of thickness measurements is determinedby the Surveyor depending on the general maintenanceconditions and on the results of the first measurementsmade.

3.3.2 When the thickness of an element cannot be mea-sured directly, it is to be measured preferably by means of asuitably calibrated ultrasonic device or failing that bymeans of drillings (not to be carried out in highly stressedareas).

3.3.3 As a rule, from the third quinquennial thoroughexamination the thickness measurements are to be system-atically made.

The check points and the resulting values are to be noted ona sketch to be kept together with the documents attached tothe Cargo Gear Register.


NR 526, Sec 11

3.4 Systematic dismantling

3.4.1 As a rule, every hinged connection is to be strippeddown to allow checking of the state of pins and bearings. Inparticular, this is true for:

• jib heel pins

• joints of rigid stays.

3.4.2 The blocks and their pins inclusive of the built-insheaves are to be dismantled. The side plates of the blocksare to be carefully examined to detect possible cracks.

3.4.3 Several fixing bolts of the mounting and slewing ringsof the cranes must be removed to check their condition.

Systematic replacement of the fixing bolts (screws, nuts andwashers) is recommended notably on cranes operatedextensively on the open sea (see [4.2.6]).

The mounting and slewing rings of the cranes must be espe-cially examined to detect possible cracks by nondestructivetests (dye penetrant tests, ultrasonic or magnetic crackdetection).

3.4.4 The ropes must be examined externally over theirwhole length and internally in several places selected bythe Surveyor.

3.4.5 All the dismantled elements must be suitably greasedbefore being re-assembled.

3.5 Re-testing

3.5.1 All the lifting appliances must be tested upon eachquinquennial thorough examination.

3.5.2 The requirements of Sec 10, [9] are applicable to re-testing, however the tests may be less complete than thoserequired prior to putting into service of the lifting applianceprovided the Surveyor agrees on it. However, they mustinclude at least:• an overload test under the proof load specified in Sec 10,

Tab 2

• manoeuvring tests which may be carried out with noload or under a load lower than the SWL of the liftingappliance.

3.5.3 The overload test may be carried out by means of aspring or hydraulic dynamometer when gauged loads areunavailable. This procedure is however to be exceptionaland reserved to low capacity lifting appliances.

The guaranteed accuracy of the dynamometer must beequal to ± 2,5% and calibration is to be checked bienniallyby a recognized organization. The relevant calibration cer-tificate are to be available.

The test force must be applied long enough to keep in posi-tion the pointer of the dynamometer for 5 min at least.

The fixing points of the dynamometer are to be suitablyreinforced to withstand the test force.

3.5.4 The manoeuvring tests aim at checking good opera-tion of the lifting appliances, of their mechanisms and oftheir control systems. Special attention is to be paid to goodoperation of the locking and braking devices.

4 Repairs and criteria to replace equip-ment or accessories

4.1 General

4.1.1 The elements which are excessively deformed,cracked, worn or corroded must be either repaired orreplaced in agreement with the Surveyor.

4.1.2 The rusted elements or those the paint of which hasbeen removed for examination must be repainted with asuitable anti-corrosive paint.

4.1.3 When an element or accessory is in such a conditionthat it is necessary either to repair it or to replace it shortlybut not at once, the Surveyor may allow a certain period oftime to do so; this period is not to end after the due date ofthe next thorough examination.

The contemplated repair or replacement and the period oftime allowed are to be mentioned on the Cargo Gear Register.

4.1.4 The Surveyor may exceptionally accept temporaryrepair to permit continued service of the lifting appliance.

The fact that repair is temporary and the period of timeallowed until final repair (duration which shall not exceedthe one as per [4.1.3]) are to be duly noted on the CargoGear Register.

4.1.5 In some cases, the Surveyor may require and mentionon the Cargo Gear Register that a special attention is to bepaid to the satisfactory behaviour in service of repair orreplacement.

4.1.6 In the cases as per [4.1.3], [4.1.4] and [4.1.5], it is theresponsibility of the responsible person aboard the ship oroffshore unit to have the elements concerned frequentlyinspected, by a designated member of the staff, for satisfac-tory behavior.

4.1.7 The final decision concerning repair or replacementof parts is to be made by the Surveyor of the Society.

4.2 Wear limits and criteria for replacement

4.2.1 The maximum allowable wear by friction or corro-sion is estimated by the Surveyor depending on the elementconcerned, on its working conditions and on the possibleeffects of its failure on the reliability of the lifting appliance.

4.2.2 The maximum wear limits are given hereafter forguidance, however repair or replacement of the elementconcerned may be required by the Surveyor before theselimits are reached (see [4.1.3]):

• plate thickness of load carrying members:

- 10% reduction in thickness at any point

- 20% for very localized wear or corrosion whichconcerns only a small portion of the cross-section ofa structure


NR 526, Sec 11

• sections:

- 10% reduction in cross sectional area for any pri-mary element in case of wear or corrosion evenlydistributed over the considered cross-section

- 20% locally when the section concerned is a sec-ondary element only

• elements of circular cross-sectional area:

- 3% reduction in diameter at any point on the samecross-section (with 1 mm at least)

- 5% locally in a particular direction (with 1 mm atleast).

4.2.3 When the plates, sections and elements of circularcross-section have reached the maximum wear limit men-tioned above, they are to be replaced.

In agreement with the Surveyor, very localized corrodedareas may be built up by welding.

4.2.4 The pins which have reached the wear limit must bereplaced.

It is to be necessary to check that the apparent wear of a pinis not actually a deformation due to shear which requiresimmediate replacement, whatever the magnitude of thedeformation noticed (see Fig 2).

Figure 2 : Pin deformed by shearing

4.2.5 It is to be remembered (see [2.4.4]) that the existingitems of loose gear in wrought iron must be replaced assoon as possible by items made of steel or other materialswhich do not require to be periodically heat-treated.

No new item of loose gear or other accessory in wroughtiron will be accepted.

4.2.6 When prestressed high tensile steel bolts are removed(see [2.3.7] and [3.4.3]), it is recommended to replace themby new ones.

The screws may however be kept until the next dismantlingif they are in excellent condition; the washers and nuts areto be replaced systematically upon each dismantling.

Replacement of fixing bolts is to be made before retestingthe lifting appliance.

4.3 Rope discard criteria

4.3.1 The wire ropes must be discarded and replaced in thefollowing cases:

• when damages such as wire extrusions, kinks, core pro-tusions, bends, flattened portions, increase or decreasein diameter, etc., are noticed

• when the sectional area of the outer wires is reduced by40% due to wear or corrosion

• when internal corrosion is noticed

• when a strand is broken• when the number of broken wires results in 5% reduc-

tion of the metal sectional area of the rope on a ropelength equal to 10 times its diameter. For application ofthis criterium, wires highly corroded or deformed andthose which have reached the wear limit of 40% men-tioned above are to be considered as broken.

4.3.2 The above criteria are given for guidance. Referencecan also be made to the standard ISO 4309-2004: “Wirerope for lifting appliances - Code of practice for examinationand discard”, which gives detailed particulars in this respect.

Each time deemed necessary, the Surveyor may requirereplacement of a wire rope before the discard criteria areentirely met (see [4.1.3]).

4.4 Repairs

4.4.1 Repairs must be made in agreement with and underthe survey of a Surveyor of the Society.

4.4.2 The materials used for repairs must be inspected inaccordance with the requirements of Sec 9. The inspectioncertificates or attestations, as the case may be, must beshown to the Surveyor.

Reference is to be made to the original construction drawingsin order to determine the quality of the materials to be used.

4.4.3 When repairs by welding are concerned it must beascertained that the elements to be repaired are of weldablequality and that welding is not likely to impair their charac-teristics.

Usual precautions are to be taken to avoid residual weldingstresses especially when an element with no free contrac-tion after welding is concerned.

In some cases, heat-treatment may be required after welding.

4.4.4 When repairs after important or repeated damagesare concerned, the Surveyor may require reinforcements inorder to prevent their recurrence. When deemed necessary,the Surveyor may ask the Society for its opinion.

4.4.5 All cracks are to be entirely eliminated. Dye pene-trant or magnetic crack detection tests must be carried outto ensure this.

4.4.6 Reconditioning of pins, rotating parts or bearings bymeans of remachining can only be accepted by the Sur-veyor, if the reduction of the diameter of the pin or theincrease of the bore does not exceed 2% of the diameteroriginally provided. Outside these limits, the opinion of theSociety is to be requested prior to repairing.


NR 526, Sec 11

4.4.7 The repairs of crane slewing rings and more generallyof mechanisms must be carried out in specialized work-shops and in accordance with the recommendations of thebuilder.

4.5 Tests after repairs or replacements

4.5.1 Items of loose gear repaired in such a way that theirstrength may be affected must individually be re-tested inaccordance with the requirements of Sec 10, [7].

When an item of loose gear is replaced by a new one thelatter must be tested separately as hereabove stated.

In both above mentioned cases, the lifting appliance neednot be re-tested (except within the scope of quinquennialthorough examination). The test certificates of the new orre-tested items of loose gear must be attached to the CargoGear Register.

4.5.2 When repairs or replacements concern a load carry-ing element of a structure or an accessory for which an indi-vidual test is not required, the lifting appliance is to be re-tested after repair.

The purpose of this re-testing is to submit the concernedelement to a strength test and possibly the lifting applianceto a manoeuvring test if repairs are liable to affect its goodworking.

These tests must include at least a test with an overload incompliance with the requirements of Sec 10, [9] carried outin such a way that the concerned element be submitted tothe maximum forces it has to withstand in the most criticalload conditions.

These test conditions are to be determined in agreement withthe Surveyor and specified on the relevant test certificate.

The tests thus carried out will not result in postponing thedate of the next overall tests to be performed within thescope of a quinquennial thorough examination.

4.5.3 In spite of the requirements as per [4.5.2], in somecases (for example replacement of a pin) waiving of the testsof the lifting appliance as rigged may be accepted providedthat the concerned element be submitted separately to aproof load determined as per the requirements of Sec 10,[7] (see [4.5.3], Note 1) and provided that the load condi-tions during testing be representative of the load conditionsto which the element would have had to withstand during atest of the lifting appliance as rigged.

It is necessary however to ascertain that the element con-cerned may withstand the prescribed overload (see Note)without damage. In doubt, it is advisable to dispense withthis special test procedure and to carry out the overall test.

Note 1: For the purpose of this requirement the proof loads to bedetermined as indicated in d) of Sec 10, Tab 1.

4.5.4 When a lifting appliance has been dismantled andthen re-assembled, it has to be re-tested.

If only its fastening with the support has been dismantled,the tests may be limited to an overload test under the condi-tions corresponding to the maximum overturning moment.(Replacement of fixing bolts are to be regarded as disman-tling).

If dismantling is complete, the tests must include manoeu-vring tests to the Surveyor’s satisfaction in addition to theoverload test.

5 Occasional interventions after damageor conversion

5.1 Survey after damage

5.1.1 If a lifting appliance or the local structure supportingit is damaged the Owner or his Representative must applyto the Society as soon as possible to have the lifting appli-ance surveyed.

5.1.2 When the damage concerns elements within thescope of classification of the ship, i.e. parts of the liftingappliance definitively fixed to the ship and the local hullstructure support, the aim of the survey is double:

a) maintaining of the class of the ship

b) maintaining of the additional class notations and of thevalidity of the Cargo Gear Register.

5.1.3 When the damage concerns elements outside thescope of classification of the ship, the survey is carried outto maintain additional class notation and validity of theCargo Gear Register.

5.1.4 The circumstances and, where known, the probableorigin of the damage are to be communicated to the Sur-veyor who have to mention them in his report in giving theorigin of the gathered information.

5.1.5 The proposed repairs are to be accepted by the Sur-veyor and carried out under his survey in accordance withthe applicable provisions of [4.3].

If re-building differs from the original construction, the rele-vant drawings are to be submitted to the Society forapproval, within the limits fixed in Sec 1, [6].

5.1.6 The Society is entitled to require additional studies,reinforcements or fitting of additional safety devices to pre-vent recurrence of the damage.

5.1.7 When the necessary repairs cannot be carried out atonce and provided the damage does not affect the overallstrength of the ship, the Surveyor puts on the Cargo GearRegister that the use of the damaged lifting appliance is notallowed until it is repaired.

5.1.8 After repair, the lifting appliance is to be tested as per[4.5].

5.2 Conversion

5.2.1 Any project of conversion which aims at modifying thecharacteristics of the lifting appliance and affecting either itsstrength or its operation must be submitted to the Society forapproval prior to starting the corresponding works.


NR 526, Sec 11

5.2.2 When change in the main characteristics of a liftingappliance (for example increase in SWL of span or alter-ation of the operating service conditions) is contemplated, itis strongly recommended to entrust a specialized yard withthe relevant study or, preferably, the original manufacturerof the lifting appliance; it is their responsibility to submit thestudy to the Society for approval.

5.2.3 In some cases however, the Society may accept theexecution of a study at the request of the Owner, in order toinform him about feasibility of the conversion project.If an increase in SWL is contemplated, the study would consist:• on the one hand, of analyzing the forces involved in

order to determine whether the scantlings of the ropesare still acceptable and whether the individual SWL ofthe items of loose gear remains sufficient

• on the other hand, of verifying the scantlings of thestructural elements of the lifting appliance and of its

support in order to determine whether the existingscantlings are still acceptable or whether reinforcementsare necessary.

Items of loose gear the SWL of which is not sufficient are tobe either replaced by new ones to be tested and inspectedas per Sec 10 or re-tested as per Sec 10, [7] when theirstrength is considered as sufficient.

The drawings showing the alterations and final reinforce-ments are to be submitted to the Society for approval.

5.2.4 The materials used are to comply with the require-ments of Sec 9 and the alteration works are to be carried outunder the survey of a Surveyor of the Society in accordancewith the applicable provisions of [4.4] and of Sec 10.

5.2.5 After conversion, the lifting appliance is to be re-tested in compliance with the applicable requirements of[4.5] and of Sec 10, [9].


NR 526, App 1


APPENDIX 1 CALCULATION OF FORCES DUE TO WIND ON

STRUCTURES

1 General

1.1 Application

1.1.1 When maximum wind speed permitted in service istaken into account, its effects on structure may be evaluatedas follows.

1.2 Wind pressure

1.2.1 The design wind speed given in Sec 3, [4.1.3] is thespeed V10 of the wind at the height of 10 m above sea level.The wind speed V, in m/s, prevailing at the height of Habove sea level may be obtained through following for-mula:

where H is given in m.

1.2.2 The basic aerodynamic pressure q0 , in daN/m2,isgiven by the formula:

where V is given in m/s.

1.2.3 The design aerodynamic pressure is the basic aerody-namic pressure multiplied by the drag coefficient Cd ,depending on shape and making up of the elements (seeTab 1.Regarding truss tower of square cross-section, one may:• neglect the truss when ϕ < 0,08• consider the element as solid, equivalent to its envelop

and take Cd = 1 when ϕ > 0,4.

1.2.4 Shading effects of one beam with respect to anotherare to be considered when:b / h ≥ 6 or b / ϕh > 20,

b being the net distance between the beams, h the height ofthe shading beams and ϕ its filling truss ratio.

In other cases, a downscaling coefficient β is applied to theshaded part of the beam; when ϕ ≤ 0,6, β may be taken as:

β = β0 + (1,1 − β0) (1 −1,67 ϕ) c

where:

However, the reduction is limited to β0 when ϕ > 0,6.

1.2.5 The effect of the wind onto the load may be also eval-uated according to herebefore principles. For the 10 ft stan-dard container, Cd will be taken as 1,2.

Table 1 : Drag coefficient CdV V10 2 5 H 66+H 180+---------------------,=

q0V2

16------=

Element type Coefficient Cd

Plane truss of shaped beamsPlane truss of pipes

2 - 0,8 ϕ0,6 (2 - 0,8 ϕ)

Solid beams length L, height h,(I, H type, etc).

1,16 + 0,022 L/h

Pipe shaped beams 0,6

Truss tower of square shapes cross section, wind perpen-dicular to one face made of:

shapespipes

3,2 - 2 ϕ0,7 (3,2 - 2 ϕ)

Same but wind along adiagonal made of:

shapespipes

1,2 (3,2 - 2 ϕ)0,85 (3,2 - 2 ϕ)

Truss tower of triangular cross-section made of:

shapes

pipes

3,2 - 4 ϕwith a minimum

value of 20,7 (3,2 - 4 ϕ)

with a minimum value of 1,4

Note 1:ϕ : Ratio of area of solid elements to the envelop

area of the truss element

β0 0 1bh---, 5 7 10 5– b

h---

5

,+=

c 5hb

-------

0 2,

=

NR 526, App 2

APPENDIX 2 EFFICIENCIES OF SHEAVES AND TACKLES

1 General

1.1 Application

1.1.1 Efficiencies of sheaves and tackles are to be taken intoaccount in order to determine the maximum efforts transmit-ted to the structure and the maximum ropes tensions.

1.2 Efficiency of sheaves

1.2.1 The efficiency coefficient k for sheaves with plain orbushed bearings is assumed to be equal to 0,95 for normal-sized sheaves.

1.2.2 The efficiency coefficient k for the sheaves on ball-bearings or roller-bearings is assumed to be equal to 0,98for normal-sized sheaves.

1.3 Efficiency of the tackles

1.3.1 The efficiency of the tackles depends on the numberof parts of rope n of the purchase.

Fig 1(a) and (b) determine the tensions t0, t1, ..., ti, ..., tn − 1

and tn in each part of rope of the tackle submitted to a unitforce. The tackles shown on these figures have the samenumber of parts of rope n and are equivalent.

1.3.2 The tensions t0, ti, tn and tn − 1 may be obtained inapplying the following formulae for a tackle with n parts ofrope:

• when hoisting the load:

• when lowering the load:

The formulae giving the tension ti in the rope when a unitforce is applied to the tackle remain valid when i > n andallow direct calculation of the rope tension when it isreeved on lead blocks after the tackle. The rope tension atthe jth lead block after the tackle is:

• when hoisting:

• when lowering:

Figure 1 : Tension in the rope parts of a tackle

1.3.3 Tab 1 gives the values for t0 , tn−1 and tn , upon hoistingand lowering when a unit force is applied to the tackle.

For a non unit force F, the rope tensions Ti are:

Ti = F ti

1.3.4 The efficiency of the tackles and lead blocks is to betaken into account to determine the required minimumbreaking load of the steel and fibre ropes.

1.3.5 The efficiency of the tackles and lead blocks is usu-ally taken into account to determine the SWL of the items ofloose gear; however it may be neglected partly or whollywhen its effect is not significant for the purpose of choosingstandard items of loose gear.

t0 kn 1– 1 k–

1 kn–--------------=

tit0

ki----=

tn1k--- 1 k–

1 kn–--------------=

tn 1– tnk=

t01 k–

1 kn–--------------=

ti t0ki=

tn kn 1 k–

1 kn–--------------=

tn 1–

tn

k---=

tn j+t0

kn j+---------=

tn j+ t0kn j+=


NR 526, App 2

Table 1 : Tension in rope parts of a tackle

Number of parts of rope

n

Roller bearing blocks k = 0,98 Plain bearing blocks k = 0,95

Hoisting Lowering Hoisting Lowering

t0 tn-1 tn t0 tn-1 tn t0 tn-1 tn t0 tn-1 tn

1 - 1,0 1,02 - 1,0 0,98 - 1,0 1,05 - 1,0 0,95

2 0,495 0,505 0,515 0,505 0,495 0,485 0,487 0,513 0,540 0,413 0,487 0,463

3 0,327 0,340 0,347 0,340 0,327 0,320 0,316 0,351 0,369 0,351 0,316 0,301

4 0,242 0,258 0,263 0,258 0,242 0,238 0,231 0,270 0,284 0,270 0,231 0,220

5 0,192 0,208 0,212 0,208 0,192 0,188 0,180 0,221 0,233 0,221 0,180 0,171

6 0,158 0,175 0,189 0,175 0,158 0,155 0,146 0,189 0,199 0,189 0,146 0,139

7 0,134 0,152 0,155 0,152 0,134 0,132 0,122 0,166 0,174 0,166 0,122 0,116

8 0,116 0,134 0,137 0,134 0,116 0,114 0,104 0,149 0,156 0,149 0,104 0,099

9 0,102 0,120 0,123 0,120 0,102 0,100 0,090 0,135 0,142 0,135 0,090 0,085

10 0,091 0,109 0,112 0,109 0,091 0,089 0,079 0,125 0,131 0,125 0,079 0,075

11 0,082 0,100 0,102 0,100 0,082 0,080 0,069 0,116 0,122 0,116 0,069 0,066

12 0,074 0,093 0,095 0,093 0,074 0,073 0,062 0,109 0,114 0,109 0,062 0,059

13 0,068 0,087 0,088 0,087 0,068 0,067 0,055 0,103 0,108 0,103 0,055 0,053

14 0,062 0,081 0,083 0,081 0,062 0,061 0,050 0,098 0,103 0,098 0,050 0,048

15 0,058 0,076 0,078 0,076 0,058 0,056 0,045 0,093 0,098 0,093 0,045 0,043

16 0,053 0,072 0,074 0,072 0,053 0,052 0,041 0,089 0,094 0,089 0,041 0,039

17 0,050 0,069 0,070 00,69 0,050 0,049 0,038 0,086 0,090 0,086 0,038 0,036

18 0,047 0,066 0,067 0,066 0,047 0,046 0,035 0,083 0,087 0,083 0,035 0,033

19 0,044 0,063 0,064 0,063 0,044 0,043 0,032 0,080 0,085 0,080 0,032 0,030

20 0,041 0,060 0,061 0,060 0,041 0,040 0,029 0,078 0,082 0,078 0,029 0,028


Achevé d’imprimer sur les presses d’Activ’Company 77 bd Exelmans - 75016 Paris (France)

ISBN : 978-2-86413-066-6 Dépôt Légal : September 2011

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