RSPCB - Textiles Case Study

======================================================================

Environmental Guidance Manual Sector: Textile Projects

======================================================================

Rajasthan State Pollution Control Board ii Environmental Guidance Manual – Textiles Projects

Contents Chapter No. Title Page No. Acknowledgements iv Project Team v List of Tables vi List of Annexures vii

About the Manual viii Chapter 1 Introduction 1.0 About Rajasthan State Pollution Control Board 1

1.1 About the Industrial Activity 2 1.2 Textile Industry in Rajasthan 3 1.3 Water Pollution Problems in Textile Industry 4

Chapter 2 Important Definitions

2.0 Important Definitions of the Environmental Acts 5 Chapter 3 Environmental Acts and Legal Requirements

3.0 Legal Requirements-–Water Act 10 3.1 Legal Requirements—Air Act 11 3.2 Legal Requirements—Hazardous Waste Rules 12 3.3 Requirements for Ground Water Extraction 12 3.4 Restrictions - Aravalli Range 13 3.5 Restrictions - Mount Abu Eco-Sensitive Zone 14

Chapter 4 Statutory Clearance Process

4.0 Consent to Establish 17 4.1 Consent to Operate 24 4.2 Hazardous Waste Authorization 26 4.3 Water Cess Returns and payment 28

Chapter 5 Environmental Aspects and Guidance 5.0 General 30 5.1 Unit Process in Textiles 30 5.2 Inputs to Various Processes 33 5.3 Dye Inputs 34

5.4 Out Puts of Processes and Waste Generation 34 5.5 Utilities 41 5.6 Wastewater generation – Industry-Benchmarks 41 5.7 Environmental Norms 42

Rajasthan State Pollution Control Board iii Environmental Guidance Manual – Textiles Projects

Chapter 6 Treatment Technologies 6.0 Conventional Treatment Systems and Limitations 44 6.1 Adsorption 44

6.2 Ion Exchange 44 6.3 Membrane Filtration 45 6.4 Evaporation 46 6.5 Crystallization 46 6.6 Cost Benefit Analysis – A Case Study 46 6.7 CPCB Findings of the Case Study 48 6.8 Limitation of Advance Treatment Methods 49 6.9 Recommendations of CPCB for Effluent Management 49 In Textile industries

Chapter 7 Good Practices

7.0 Use of Alternative Dyes 51 7.1 Use of Alternative Pigments in Printing 52 7.2 Chemical Substitution 52 7.3 Cleaner Technologies & Processes 54 7.4 Chemical Recovery and Reuse Options 55 7.5 Water Conservation Measures 55 7.6 Energy Conservation Measures 56 7.7 Establishing a Waste Management Team 56

Chapter 8 Checklist

8.0 Checklist for CTE 58 8.1 Checklist for CTO & HWA 62

Annexures 67-101

Rajasthan State Pollution Control Board iv Environmental Guidance Manual – Textiles Projects

Acknowledgements

At the instance of Rajasthan State Pollution Control Board, the Administrative Staff College of India undertook the preparation of Environmental Guidance Manual for Textile Projects. The initiative of RSPCB in the preparation of sector specific guidance manual is in line with National Environmental Policy 2006, which recommends code of practices for different category of industries. ASCI would like to thank the constant support extended by Dr. V.S. Singh, Chairperson and Dr. Deep Narayan Pandey, Member Secretary of RSPCB. ASCI would like to thank Shri Anand Lal Mathur, Chief Environmental Engineer for co-coordinating the project and for providing the guidance whenever needed. ASCI also thank the Core Group and Shri A.K.Puri, Sr.E.E for their valuable feedback.

Rajasthan State Pollution Control Board v Environmental Guidance Manual – Textiles Projects

Project Team

Project Coordination Rajasthan State Pollution Control

Board

Dr. Deep Narayan Pandey Member Secretary Mr. Anand Lal Mathur Chief Environmental Engineer

Core Group - RSPCB

Mr. A. K. Puri, Sr.E.E

Mr. V.K. Singhal, S.E.E

Mr. R. K. Gaur, C.S.O

Mr. Pradeep Agarwal, In charge Mines,

Mr. Manoj Agarwal, L.O

Mr. Mahesh Rastogi, E.E

Sector Group Head - RSPCB Mr. A. K. Puri, Sr.E.E

Project Team - ASCI Prof. V.S. Chary

Dean of Research and Management Studies Mr. P.V. Raju Consultant Mr. G. Bala Subramanyam Advisor, Environment Area Project Leader

Rajasthan State Pollution Control Board vi Environmental Guidance Manual – Textiles Projects

Tables Tables No. Title Page No. Table No. 1.1 State-Wise Distribution of Textile Industries 02 Table No. 5.3 Percentage of Unfixed Dye for Different Dye types and Applications 34 Table No. 5.4.1 Cotton Spinning – Waste Water & Solid Waste 35 Table No. 5.4.2 Wool Spinning - Waste Water & Solid Waste 36 Table No. 5.4.3 Weaving Industry - Waste Water & Solid Waste 37 Table No. 5.4.4 Knitting Industry - Waste Water & Solid Waste 37 Table No. 5.4.5 Non-woven Fabric Industry - Waste Water & Solid Waste 38 Table No. 5.4.6 Tufting Industry - Waste Water & Solid Waste 38 Table No. 5.4.7 Finishing Industry (Wet Process) - Waste Water & Solid Waste 39 Table No. 6.6 Capital Cost, Operation & Maintenance Cost of

Different Units 47 Table No. 7.0 Usage of Alternative Dyes 51 Table No. 7.1 Safer Alternatives for Suspected Pigments 52 Table No. 7.2 Chemical Substituting Possible in Textile Processing 53

Rajasthan State Pollution Control Board vii Environmental Guidance Manual – Textiles Projects

Annexures Annexure No. Title Page No. Annexure No.1 Proforma of Affidavit for CTE/CTO 68 Annexure No.2 Consent To Establish Fee - Water Act 70 Annexure No.3 Consent To Establish Fee - Air Act 71 Annexure No.4 Areas as Identified by CGWA as- Safe Areas, Semi-Critical 72

Areas, Critical Areas & Over Exploited Areas Annexure No.5 Sector Specific Environmental Standards 76 Annexure No.6 General Emission Standards 78 Annexure No.7 Standards for Small Boilers 79 Annexure No.8 National Ambient Air Quality Standards 80 Annexure No.9 Noise Ambient Air Quality Standards 82 Annexure No.10 Certification of Capital investment 83 Annexure No.11 Consent To Operate – Water Act 84 Annexure No.12 Consent To Operate - Air act 85 Annexure No.13 Consent Fee Structure With Reference To Submission Time Of CTO Application 86 Annexure No.14 Form –V Environmental Statement 87 Annexure No.15 Format for Filing Annual Returns by the Occupier or Operator Facility 90 Annexure No.16 Application for Obtaining Authorization of HW 91 Annexure No.17 Water Cess Returns 93 Annexure No:18 Water Cess Rate 94 Annexure No.19 CETP Inlet Standards 95 Annexure No.20 General Standards for Discharge of Effluents 96 Annexure No.21 Prohibition on the Handling of the Azodyes 98 Annexure No.22 Noise Limits for Generator Sets run with Diesel 100

Rajasthan State Pollution Control Board viii Environmental Guidance Manual – Textiles Projects

About the Manual

The objective of developing sector specific guidance manual for Textile Projects is to provide clear and concise information to all the stakeholders i.e. project proponent, environmental consultant, Rajasthan State Pollution Control Board officials and the public to have a better understanding on the relevant environmental aspects in the initial stage itself. This manual covers the legal requirements, clearance process, environmental standards and maintenance of statutory records. The manual will also cover the environmental aspects due to textile projects. The project proponent may use this manual to ensure that all the aspects of the environment due to the project are addressed and adequate mitigation measures are planned in the environmental management plan and he will be fully aware of the environmental process and requirements. The consultants will have similar understanding of the sector and the procedures involved, so that the quality of EMP reports will be improved. The reviewers across the board may have same understanding about the sector and helps them in the process of review and appraisal. Public who are concerned about textile projects, will have information about the environmental aspects, standards, regulatory requirements etc., and have a better understanding about the sector. The preparation of sector specific guidance manual by Rajasthan State Pollution Control Board is in line with National Environmental Policy 2006, which emphasizes on:

- Formulate and periodically update, codes of good practices for environment for different category of industries

- Ensure faster decision making with greater transparency and access to information, together with necessary capacity building

The manual is meant to serve as a guidance purpose only. Although every care has been taken to avoid errors or omissions, we will not be responsible for any damage or loss to any person, for the result of any action taken on the basis of this manual. Any discrepancy found may be brought to the notice of the Board.In case of interpretation of any question related to law, the provisions of the original law and the rules made thereunder with various government directions/resolutions will have to be read and followed. In case of amendment to the original Act/Rules/Notifications made thereunder, the provisions as amended from time to time shall be applicable.

Introduction

1.0 About Rajasthan State Pollution Control Board The Rajasthan State Pollution Control Board (RSPCB) is a statutory authority entrusted to implement environmental laws & rules within the jurisdiction of the State of Rajasthan. The Board ensures proper implementation of the statues, judicial and legislative pronouncements related to environmental protection within the state. The Board was established in the year 1975 under the provisions of Water (Prevention & Control of Pollution) Act 1974. Over the years, RSPCB was entrusted with various responsibilities under different enactments made. Currently RSPCB is responsible, completely or partially for the implementation of following Acts and Rules: • The Water (Prevention & Control of Pollution) Act, 1974 and Rules made there off • The Air (Prevention & Control of Pollution) Act, 1981 and Rules made there off • The Water (Prevention & Control of Pollution) Cess Act 1977 and Rules made there off • The Public Liability Insurance Act, 1991 and Rules made there off • The Environmental Protection Act, 1986 and Rules made there off

- Hazardous Wastes (Management, Handling & Transboundary Movement) Rules 2008 as amended

- Manufacture, Storage and Import of Hazardous Chemical Rules, 1989 as amended - Municipal Solid Waste (Management and Handling) Rules, 2000 - Bio Medical Waste (Management and Handling) Rules, 1998 as amended - Ozone Depleting Substances (Regulation) Rules, 2000 - The Batteries (Management and Handling) Rules, 2001 - Fly Ash Notification as amended S.0. 2804(E) dated 3rd November 2009 - Environmental Impact Assessment Notification, 2006 as amended - The Chemical Accidents (Emergency Planning, Preparedness and Response) Rules,

1996 - The Recycled Plastic Waste (Management and Handling) Rules, 2011 - The Manufacture, Use, Import, Export and Storage of Hazardous Micro Organisms,

Genetically Engineered Organism or Cells Rules, 1989 - Notification No. S.O. 319 (E) dated 7th May 1992 (Restricting certain activities in

special specified area of Aravalli Range) - Notification No. S.O. 1545 (E) dated 25th June 2009 declaring Mount Abu Eco

Sensitive Zone - The Noise Pollution (Regulation and Control) Rules, 2000 as amended - E-waste (Management & Handling) Rules, 2011

CHAPTER 1

Rajasthan State Pollution Control Board 2 Environmental Guidance Manual – Textiles Projects

1.1 About the Industrial Activity Textiles are among the basic needs of human being. The textile industries therefore have great economic significance by virtue of its contribution to overall industrial out put and employment generation. This sector has wide spectrum of industries raging from small-scale units that use traditional manufacturing process, to large integrated mills using modern machineries and equipment. There are 2324 textile industries in the country including composite and process houses. State-wise distribution of these units is given in Table 1.1 Table 1.1 State-wise distribution of textile industries

State/UT Composite mills Semi composite processing units Total Andhra Pradesh - 54 54 Assam 1 1 2 Bihar - 4 4 Delhi - 61 61 Gujarat 17 506 523 Haryana 1 74 75 Himachal Pradesh - 4 4 Jammu & Kashmir 1 2 3 Karnataka 8 33 41 Kerala 3 11 14 Madhya Pradesh 3 9 12 Maharashtra 27 222 249 Orissa 1 1 2 Punjab 4 378 382 Rajasthan 2 30 32 Tamilnadu 2 739 741 Uttar Pradesh 4 76 80 West Bengal 8 32 40 Pondicherry 1 4 5

Total 83 2241 2324 Source: Advance Methods for Treatment of Textile Industry Effluents, CPCB April 2007 Textile industries transform fibers into yarn; convert the yarn into fabrics or related products, and dye and finish these materials at various stages of production. In processing of textiles, the industry uses a number of dyes, chemicals, auxiliary chemicals and sizing materials. As a result, contaminated wastewater is generated which can cause environmental problems unless properly treated before its disposal. The wastewater treatment is mostly by primary and secondary processes. However, these conventional treatment systems are not very effective in removal of pollutants such as dissolved solids, colour, trace metals etc. The advance treatment methods, while reducing these pollutants also give scope for recovery and recycling of water and chemicals.


Important positions reckon by the Indian Textile Industry across globe are as given below:

Cotton Second largest cotton and cellulose fibres producing country in the world Silk Second largest producer of silk and contributes about 18% to the total

world raw silk production Wool Third largest sheep population in the world, having 6.15 crores sheep,

producing 45 million kg of raw wool, and accounting for 3.1% of total world wool production. Ranks 6th amongst clean wool producer countries and 9th amongst greasy wool producers

Man-Made Fibres Fourth largest producer in synthetic fibres/yarns globally Jute Largest producer and second largest exporter of the jute goods

Source: Confederation of Indian Textile Industry – www.citiindia.com 1.2 Textile Industry in Rajasthan Textile is an important industry in Rajasthan, accounting for nearly 20 percent of the investment made in the State. Rajasthan contributes over 7.5 percent of India's production of cotton and blended yarn (235,000 tonnes in 2002-03) and over 5 percent of fabrics (60 million sq meters). Rajasthan has leading position in spinning of polyester viscose yarn & synthetic suiting (at Bhilwara) and processing, printing & dyeing of low cost, low weight fabric (at Pali, Balotra, Sanganer and Bagru). Besides, Jaipur is also a well-known center for manufacturing garments primarily for exports. Some knitting units are in process of setting up their ventures at Neemrana. Abundant availability of raw material, availability of trained labor and a network of backward and forward linkages make Rajasthan an attractive location for textile industry. Bhilwara emerged as one of the India's largest manufacturer of suiting, fabrics and yarn. Rajasthan has leading position in spinning of polyester viscose yarn & synthetic suiting and processing, printing & dyeing of low cost, low weight fabric (at Pali, Balotra, Sanganer and Bagru). Besides, Jaipur is also a well-known center for manufacturing garments primarily for exports. Sanganer town, district Jaipur is famous worldwide for its dyeing and printing industries. 1.3 Water Pollution Problems in Textile Industry

Colour Presence of color in the waste is one of the main problems in textile industry. Color is easily visible to human eyes, even at very low concentration. Hence, colour from textile wastes carries significant esthetic importance. Most of the dyes are stable. They are also not easily degradable by the conventional treatment methods. Removal of dyes from the effluent is major problem in most of textile industries

Dissolved Solids

Dissolved solids contained in the industry effluents are also a critical parameter. Use of common salt and glauber salt etc. in the processes,

http://www.citiindia.com/�


directly increase total dissolve solids (TDS) level in the effluent. TDS are difficult to be treated with conventional treatment systems. Disposal of high TDS bearing effluents can lead to increase in TDS of ground water and surface water. Dissolved solids in effluent may also be harmful to vegetation and restrict its use for agricultural purpose

Toxic metals Wastewater of textiles is not free from metal contents. There are mainly two sources of metals. Firstly, the metals may come as impurity with the chemicals used during processing such as caustic soda, sodium carbonate and salts. For instance, caustic soda may contain mercury if produced using mercury cell processes. Secondly, the source of metal could be dye stuffs like metalised mordent dyes. The metal complex dyes are mostly based on chromium

Residual chlorine

The use of chlorine compounds in textile processing, residual chlorine is found in the waste stream. The wastewater (if disposed without treatment) depletes dissolved oxygen in the receiving water body and as such aquatic life gets affected. Residual chlorine may also react with other compounds in the wastewater stream to form toxic substances

Others Textile effluents are often contaminated with non-biodegradable organics termed as refractory materials. Detergents are typical example of such materials. The presence of these chemical results in high chemical demand (COD) value of the effluent Organic pollutants, which originate from organic compounds of dyestuffs, acids, sizing materials, enzymes, tallow etc. are also found in textile effluent. Such impurities are reflected in the analysis of bio-chemical oxygen demand (BOD) and COD. These pollutants are controlled by use of biological treatment processes. In many textile units, particularly engaged in synthetic processing, low BOD/COD ratio of effluent is observed which makes even biological treatment not a ready proposition The wastewater of cotton based textile units is usually alkaline, whereas synthetic and woolen fabric processing generates acidic effluent

Important Definitions

2.0 Important Definitions of the Environmental Acts

The Water (Prevention & Control of Pollution) Act, 1974

Section Key word Definition

Section 2 (d) Occupier In relation to any factory or premises, means the person who has control over the affairs of the factory or the premises, and includes, in relation to any substance, the person in possession of the substance

Section 2 (dd) Outlet Any conduit pipe or channel, open or closed, carrying sewage or trade effluent or any other holding arrangement which causes or is likely to cause pollution

Section 2 (e) Pollution Contamination of water or such alteration of the physical, chemical or biological properties of water or such discharge of any sewage or trade effluent or of any other liquid, gaseous or solid substance into water (whether directly or indirectly) as may, or is likely to, create a nuisance or render such water harmful or injurious to public health or safety, or to domestic, commercial, industrial, agricultural or other legitimate uses, or to the life and health of animals or plants or of aquatic organisms

Section 2 (g) Sewage effluent Effluent from any sewerage system or sewage disposal works and includes sullage from open drains

Section 2 (gg) Sewer Any conduit pipe or channel, open or closed, carrying sewage or trade effluent

Section 2 (j) Stream Includes river, water course (whether flowing or for the time being dry), inland water (whether natural or artificial), sub-terranean waters, sea or tidal waters to such extent or, as the case may be, to such point as the state government may, by notification in the official gazette specify in this behalf

Section 2 (k) Trade effluent Includes any liquid, gaseous or solid substance, which is discharged from any premises used for carrying on any industry, operation or process, or treatment and disposal system, other than domestic sewage

Section 47 (2) (a) Company Any body corporate, and includes a firm or other association of individuals

Section 47 (2) (b) Director In relation to a firm means a partner in the firm

CHAPTER 2


The Air (Prevention & Control of Pollution) Act, 1981

Section 2 (a) Air

pollutant Any solid, liquid or gaseous substance (including noise) present in the atmosphere in such concentration as may be or tend to be injurious to human beings or other living creatures or plants or property or environment

Section 2 (b) Air pollution

The presence in the atmosphere of any air pollutant

Section 2 (c) Approved appliances

Any equipment or gadget used for the bringing of any combustible material or for generating or consuming any fume, gas of any particulate matter and approved by the State Board

Section 2 (d) Approved fuel

Any fuel approved by the State Board for the purpose of the Act

Section 2 (h) Chimney Includes any structure with an opening or outlet from or through which any air pollutant may be emitted

Section 2 (i) Control equipment

Any apparatus, device, equipment or system to control the quality and manner of emission of any air pollutant and includes any device used for securing the efficient operation of any industrial plant

Section 2 (k) Industrial plant

Any plant used for any industrial or trade purposes and emitting any air pollutant into the atmosphere

Section 2 (j) Emission Any solid or liquid or gaseous substance coming out of any chimney, duct or flue or any other outlet

Section 2 (m) Occupier The person who has control over the affairs of the factory or the premises, and includes, in relation to any substance, the person in possession of the substance



The Water (Prevention & Control of Pollution) Cess Act, 1977

Section 2 (a) Local Authority

Municipal corporation or a municipal council (by whatever name called) or a cantonment board or any other body, entrusted with the duty of supplying the water under the law by or under which it is constituted

Section 2 (c) Industry Any operation or process, or treatment and disposal system, which consumes water or gives rise to sewage effluent or trade effluent, but does not include any hydel power unit




The Environmental Protection Act 1986

Section 2 (a) Environment Includes water, air, land and the inter-relationship, which

exists among and between water, air and land, and human beings, other living creatures, plants, micro-organism and property

Section 2 (b) Environmental pollutant

Any solid, liquid or gaseous substance present in such concentrations as may be, or tend to be, injurious to environment

Section 2 (c) Environmental pollution

Presence in the environment of any environmental pollutant

Section 2 (d) Handling Manufacture, processing, treatment, package, storage, transportation, use, collection, destruction, conversion, offering for sale, transfer or the like of such substance

Section 2 (e) Hazardous substance

Any substance or preparation which by reason of its chemical or physico-chemical properties or handling, is liable to cause harm to human beings, other living creatures, plant, micro-organism, property or the environment

Section 2 (f) Occupier A person who has control over the affairs of the factory or the premises and includes in relation to any substance, the person in possession of the substance

The Manufacture, Storage and Import of Hazardous Chemicals Rules, 1989 as amended

Rule 2 (e) Hazardous

chemical • Any chemical which satisfies any of the criteria laid down

in Part I of Schedule 1 or listed in Column 2 of Part II of this Schedule

• Any chemical listed in Column 2 of Schedule 2 • Any chemical listed in Column 2 of Schedule 3

Rule 2 (h) Industrial activity

• An operation or process carried out in an industrial installation referred to in Schedule 4 involving or likely to involve one or more hazardous chemicals and includes on-site storage or on-site transport which is associated with that operation or process, as the case may be; or

• Isolated storage; or • Pipeline

Rule 2 (i) Isolated storage Means storage of a hazardous chemical, other than storage associated with an installation on the same site specified in Schedule 4 where that storage involves atleast the quantities of that chemical set out in Schedule 2

Rule 2 (j) Major accident Means an incident involving loss of life inside or outside the installation, or ten or more injuries inside and/or one or more injuries outside or release of toxic chemicals or explosion or fire or spillage of hazardous chemicals resulting in on-site or off-site emergencies or damage to equipment leading to stoppage


of process or adverse affects to the environment Rule 2 (m) Site Means any location where hazardous chemicals are

manufactured or processed, stored, handled, used, disposed of and includes the whole of an area under the control of an occupier and includes pier, jetty or similar structure whether floating or not

Rule 2 (n) Threshold quantity

• In the case of a hazardous chemical specified in Column 2 of Schedule 2, the quantity of that chemical specified in the corresponding entry in Columns 3 and 4

• In the case of a hazardous chemical specified in Column 2 of Part I of Schedule 3, the quantity of that chemical specified in the corresponding entry in Columns 3 & 4 of that part

• In the case of substances of a class specified in Column 2 of Part II of Schedule 3, the total quantity of all substances of that class specified in the corresponding entry in Columns 3 and 4 of that part

The Hazardous Waste (Management, Handling & Transboundary Movement) Rules, 2008

Rule 3 (l) Hazardous

waste Any waste which by reason of any of its physical, chemical, reactive, toxic, flammable, explosive or corrosive characteristics causes danger or is likely to cause danger to health or environment, whether alone or when in contact with other wastes or substances, and shall include • Waste specified under column (3) of Schedule-I • Wastes having constituents specified in Schedule-II if their

concentration is equal to or more than the limit indicated in the said Schedule, and

• Wastes specified in Part A or Part B of the Schedule-III in respect of import or export of such wastes in accordance with rules 12,13 and 14 or the wastes other than those specified in Part A or Part B if they possess any of the hazardous characteristics specified in Part C of that Schedule

The Batteries (Management & Handling) Rules, 2001

Rule 3 (e) Battery Lead acid battery which is a source of electrical energy and

used as lead metal Rule 3 (h) Consumer Person using lead batteries excluding bulk consumer Rule 3 (r) Used batteries Used, damaged and old lead acid batteries or components

thereof


E- Waste (Management & Handling) Rules, 2011

Rule 3 © Bulk Consumer Bulk users of electrical and electronic equipment such as Central Government or State Government Departments, Public Sector undertaking banks, educational institutions, multinational organizations international agencies and private companies that are registered under the Factories Act 1948 and Companies Act, 1956

Rule 3 (e) Collection centers

A center established individually or jointly or a registered society or designated agency or a company or an association to collect e- waste

Rule 3 (f) Consumer Any person using electrical and electronic equipment excluding the bulk consumers

Rule 3 (h) Disposal Any operation which does not lead to recycling, recovery or reuse and includes physic- chemical or biological treatment, incarnation and deposition in secured landfill

Rule 3 (i) Environmentally sound management of E-waste

Taking all steps required to ensure that e-waste are managed in a manner which shall protect health and environment against any adverse effects which may result from hazardous substance contained in such wastes

Rule 3 (j) Electrical electronic equipment

Equipment which is dependent on electrical currents or electromagnetic fields to be fully functional

Rule 3 (k) E -waste Waste electrical and electronic equipment, whole or in part or rejects from their manufacturing and repair process, which are intended to be discarded

Rule 3 (l) Extended producer responsibility

Responsibility of any producer of electrical/electronic equipment for their products beyond manufacturing until environmentally sound management of their end-of-life

Rule 3 (p) Orphaned products

Non branded or assembled electrical and electronic equipment as specified in Schedule I or those produced by a company which has closed its operation s or has stopped products support

Rule 3 (q) Producer Any person who irrespective of selling technique used i. Manufactures and offers to sell electrical and electronic under his own brand

ii. Offers to sell under his own brand, assembled electrical and electronic equipment produced by other manufactures or suppliers

iii. Offers to sell imported electrical and electronic equipment Rule 3 ® Recycler Any person who is engaged in recycling or reprocessing of

used electrical and electronic equipment or assemblies or their components

Rule 3 (v) Transporter A person engaged in off-site transportation of e-waste

Environmental Acts and Legal Requirements

3.0 Legal Requirements - Water Act Section 25 (1) Restrictions on new outlets and discharges

Subject to the provisions of this section, no person shall, without the previous consent of the State Board: a. Establish or take any steps to establish any industry, operation or process, or any treatment and disposal system or an extension or addition thereto, which is likely to discharge sewage or trade effluent into a stream or well or sewer or on land (such discharge being hereafter in this section referred to as discharge of sewage); or b. Bring into use any new or altered outlets for the discharge of sewage; or c. Begin to make any new discharge of sewage

Section 44 Penalty of contravention of section 25

Whoever contravenes the provision of section 25 shall be punishable with imprisonment for a term which shall not be less than two years but which may extend to six years and with fine

Section 31 (1) Furnishing of information to State Board and other agencies in certain cases

If at any place where any industry, operation or process, or any treatment and disposal system or any extension or addition there to is being carried on due to accident or other unforeseen act or event, any poisonous, noxious or polluting matter is being discharged, or likely to be discharged into the stream or well or sewer or on land and as a result of such discharge, the water in any stream or well is being polluted or is likely to be polluted then the person incharge of such place shall forthwith intimate the occurrence of such accident, act or event to the board and such other authorities or agencies as may be prescribed.

Section 48 Offences by Government Departments

Where an offence under this Act has been committed by any Department of Government, the Head of the Department shall be deemed to be guilty of the offence and shall be liable to be proceeded against and punished accordingly: Provided that nothing contained in this section shall render such Head of the Department liable to any punishment if he proves that the offence was committed without his knowledge or that he exercised all due diligence to prevent the commission of such offence

Section 42(G) Penalty for Certain Acts

For the purpose of obtaining any consent under section 25 or section 26, knowingly or willfully makes a statement which is false in any material particular, shall be punishable with imprisonment for a term which may extend to three months or with fine which may extend to or with both

CHAPTER 3


3.1 Legal Requirements – Air Act

Section 21 (1) Restrictions on use of certain industrial plants

Subject to the provisions of this section, no person shall, without the previous consent of the State Board, establish or operate any industrial plant in an air pollution control area

Section 37 (1) Penalty of contravention of Section 21

Whoever fails to comply with the provisions of section 21, be punishable with imprisonment for a term which shall not be less than one year and six months but which may extend to six years and with fine

Section 23(1) Furnishing of information to State Board and other agencies in certain cases

Where in any area the emissions of any air pollutants into the atmosphere in excess of the standards laid down by the State board occurs or in apprehended to occur due to accident or other unforeseen act or event, the person incharge of the premises from where which emission occurs or is apprehended to occur shall forthwith intimate the fact of such occurrence or apprehension of such occurrence to the State Board and to such authorities or agencies as may be prescribed

Section 41 Offences by Government Department

1.Where an offence under this Act has been committed by any Department of Government, the Head of the Department shall be deemed to be guilty of the offence and shall be liable to be proceeded against and punished accordingly Provided that nothing contained in this section shall render such Head of the Department liable to any punishment if he proves that the offence was committed without his knowledge or that he exercised all due diligence to prevent the commission of such offence 2.Not withstanding anything contained in sub-section (1), Where an offence under this Act has been committed by any Department of Government and it is proved that the offence has been committed with the consent or connivance of, or is attributable to any neglect on the part of, any officer, other than Head of the Department, such officer shall also be deemed to be guilty of the offence and shall be liable to be proceeded against and punished accordingly

Section 38 (G) Penalties for Certain Acts

For the purpose of obtaining any consent under section 21, makes a statement which is false in any material particular shall be punishable with imprisonment for a term which may extend to three months or with fine which may extend to or with both


3.2 Legal Requirements –Hazardous Waste Rules

Rule 5 (1) Grant of authorization for handling hazardous wastes

Every person who is engaged in generation, processing, treatment, package, storage, transportation, use, collection, destruction, conversion, offering for sale, transfer or like of the hazardous waste shall require to obtain an authorization from to the State Pollution Control Board for authorization

Rule 20 (3) Transportation of Hazardous Waste

In case of transport of hazardous waste for final disposal to a facility for treatment storage and disposal existing in a State other than the State where the hazardous waste is generated, the occupier shall obtain

Rule 20 (4) Transportation of Hazardous Waste

In case of transportation of hazardous wastes through a State other than the State of origin or destination, the occupier shall intimate the concerned State Pollution Control Boards before he hands over the hazardous waste to the transporter

3.3 Requirements for Ground Water Extraction Keeping in view of the requirements stated in the Policy guidelines for clearance of ground water abstraction for various uses issued by the Central Ground Water Authority, Ministry of Water Resources, GoI vide their letter dated 14.10.2009, the following guidelines regarding the requirement of NOC from CGWA for abstraction of ground water by any infrastructure project (proposed/existing) are being followed:

S. No

Guidelines

1. NOC from CGWA shall not be required for abstraction of ground water in the

following cases: • In case of over-exploited areas abstraction < 25m3/day • In case of critical areas abstraction < 50 m3/day • In case of semi critical areas abstraction < 100 m3/day

2. Industry/infrastructure project (proposed/existing) located in safe category areas, are required to obtain NOC from CGWA if ground water abstraction exceeds 1000 m3/day for hard rock areas and 2000 m3/day for alluvial areas

3. A copy of consent letter will be endorsed to Regional Director, Central Ground Water Board (WR), 6A, Jhalana Institutional Area, Jaipur for their information and necessary action by RSPCB

Please refer RPCB Circular dated 08.01.2010 for further information


3.4 Restrictions - Aravalli Range The MoEF, GoI had stipulated restrictions on certain activities in specified area of Aravalli Range vide Notification No. S.O. 319 (E) dated 7th May 1992 and as amended. As per the Notification the Central Government prohibits the carrying on the following processes and operations, except with its prior permission, in the specified area.

Processes and activities which require prior permission

Location of new industry including expansion/modernization • A. All new mining operations including renewals of mining lease

B. Existing mining leases in sanctuaries/national park and areas covered under Project Tiger and/or C. Mining is being done without permission of the competent authority

• Cutting of trees • Construction of any clusters of dwelling units, farms houses, sheds,

community centers, information centers and any other activity connected with such construction (including roads a part of any infrastructure relating thereto)

• Electrification (laying of new transmission lines) Areas covered under the Notification

• All reserved forests, protected forests or any other area shown as “forest in the land records maintained by the State Government as on the date of this notification in relation to Gurgaon District of the State of Haryana and the Alwar District of the State of Rajasthan

• All areas shown as a. Gair Mumkin Pahar, or b. Gair Mumkin Rada, or c. Gair Mumkin Behed, or d. Banjad Beed, or e. Rundh

In the land records maintained by the State Government as on the date of this notification in relation to Gurgaon district of the State of Haryana and the Alwar district of the State of Rajasthan • All areas covered by notifications issued under Section 4 and 5 of the

Punjab Land Preservation Act, 1900, as applicable to the State of Haryana in the district of Gurgaon up to the date of this notification

• All areas of Sariska National Park and Sariska Sanctuary notified under the Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972 (53 of 1972)

Clearance process

Any person desirous of undertaking any of the activities mentioned in the Notification No. 319 (E) dated 7th May 1992 shall submit an application to the Secretary, Department of Environment of the Government of Haryana/Rajasthan, as the case may be. The applicant shall also furnish environment impact statement and an environment management plan and such other information as may be prescribed by such State Governments. The application after due scrutiny shall be placed before the Expert Committee for its recommendations. Based on the recommendations of the Expert Committee, the Department of Environment in the State Government


concerned shall take a final decision and convey the same to the applicant within the three months from the date of receipt of application or when further information has been asked for from the applicant within three moths from the date of receipt of such information

Monitoring mechanism

Monitoring Committee, under the Chairmanship of District Collector concerned (Gurgaon in Haryana and Alwar in Rajasthan) shall inter alia monitor the compliance of the conditions stipulated while according Environmental Clearance by State Government The District collectors of Gurgaon in Haryana and Alwar in Rajasthan shall be authorized by the respective State Governments to take necessary action under section 5 of the said Act in respect of cases where the project proponents fail to implement the conditions

Appeal provision

The MoEF retains appellate power against rejection of any proposal and the National Environmental Appellate Authority constituted under the National Environment Appellate Authority Act, 1997 (22 of 1997) shall continue as an Appellate Authority against approval

Refer Notification No. S.O.319 (E) dated 7th May 1992 and S.O. 1189 (E) dated 29th November 1999 (restricting certain activities in special specific area of Aravalli Range) for complete details 3.5 Restrictions - Mount Abu Eco Sensitive Zone Mount Abu area has significant ecological importance comprising of tropical dry deciduous forests at lower altitude and evergreen forests at higher altitude and the flora and fauna of the region comprise of several endemic and rare species; besides Mount Abu has natural heritage such as Nakki Lake and man-made heritage like Dilwara temples and other heritage buildings and structures. To conserve and protect the area from ecological and environmental point of view, the MoEF had issued Notification No. S.O. 1545 dated 25th June 2009 regulating certain activities in the eco-sensitive zone

Boundaries of the eco-sensitive zone

a. The said eco-sensitive zone is situated in the southern area of Rajasthan in Sirohi District between 240 33’42’’ and 240 39’ 00’’ North latitude and between 720 41’ 36’’ and 720 48’ 06’’ East longitude and the configuration of land is hilly and rugged with high altitudinal variation ranging from 300 meter to 1727 meter. Gurushikar, the highest peak of the Aravalli, is the highest peak between the Himalayas and the Nilgiris. The boundaries of the said eco-sensitive zone comprise North - Southern boundary of Abu Forest Block No.3 South - Northern Boundary of Abu Forest Block No. 1 East - Western and Southern Boundary of Abu Forest Block No.2 West - Eastern boundary of Abu Forest Block No. 3 b. The Eco-sensitive zone covers the entire area of Notified Urban Area Limit, including Mount Abu Municipal Limits adjoining Forest Block Areas


c. The list of the villages in the eco-sensitive zone – Sanigaon, Machgaon, Goagaon, Delwara, Oriya, Jawal, Achalgarh, Salgaon, Torna, Dudhai, Hetamji, Ama d. All activities in the Forest Block Areas (both within and outside Municipal Areas) shall be governed by the provisions of the Rajasthan Forest Act, 1953 and the Forests (Conservation) Act, 1980 (69 of 1980) and all the activities in the Protected Areas (Sanctuary) shall be governed by the provisions of the Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972 (53 of 1972)

Regulated Activities

Zonal Master Plan Pending the preparation of the Zonal Master Plan for Eco-sensitive zone and approval thereof by the Central Government in the MoEF, there shall be no increase in the existing parameters of permissible floor area ratio, permissible ground coverage, maximum number of floors and maximum height and all new constructions shall be allowed only after the proposals are scrutinized and approved by Monitoring Committee and all other development activities including additions, alterations, demolitions, repairs, renovations and restorations of buildings shall require prior approval of the Monitoring Committee provided that these do not involve structural changes and are on the existing authorized plinth areas in the Mount Abu Municipal Limits and there shall be no consequential reduction in Tribal area, Forest area, Green area and Agricultural area

Industrial units

• Only non-polluting, non-hazardous cottage industries like ice cream, hosiery, embroidery or ready made garments, sewing works, ayurvedic drugs, etc. situated in the villages in the Notified area and service industries, agriculture, floriculture, horticulture or agro-based industries producing products from Mount Abu shall be permitted as per the guidelines drawn by the Government of Rajasthan

• Structure connected with small agro-based industries activities related to the needs of the local village economy and processing or storage of local agro-based products may be allowed subject to the usual “non Agricultural permission requirements and a maximum of 1/8th of the plot areas being built up”

Quarrying and mining

• The quarrying and mining activities shall be restricted in the Eco-sensitive zone

• The monitoring committee shall have the authority to grant special permission for limited quarrying of materials required for the construction of local residential housing and traditional road making and maintenance work in Mount Abu, based on site evaluation

• No quarrying shall be permitted on steep hill slopes with a gradient of 20 degrees or more or areas with a high degree of erosion, or on forestland

Trees There shall be no felling of trees whether on Forest, Government, Revenue or Private lands within the Eco-sensitive zone without the prior permission of the State Government in case of forest land and the respective District Collector in case of Government, Revenue and Private land as per the procedure which shall


be laid down by the State Government Water • All future and existing buildings, where possible, in the Municipal Are shall

provide roof-top rain water harvesting structures with plinth area and the Institutional and commercial buildings shall not draw water from existing water supply schemes in a manner that adversely affects water supply especially to local villages or settlements

• In Non-Municipal Areas rain water harvesting shall be undertaken through such structures as percolation tanks and storage tanks and only other means. Ground water aquifer recharge structures shall be constructed wherever such structures do not lead to slope instabilities

• The extraction of ground water shall be permitted only for the bona-fide agricultural and domestic consumption of the occupier of the ply and the extraction of ground water for industrial or commercial or residential estates or complexes shall require prior written permission, including of the amount that can be extracted, from the State Ground Water Department. However, the areas rich in ground water may not be delivered for construction activities

Development on and protection of hill slopes

• The zonal Master Plan shall indicate areas of hill slopes where development shall not be permitted

• No development shall be undertaken in areas having a steep slope or areas which fall in fault or hazard zones or areas falling on the spring lines and first order streams or slopes with a high degree of erosion as identified by the State Government on the basis of available scientific evidence

• No development on existing steep hill slopes or slopes with a high degree of erosion shall be permitted

Discharge of sewage and effluents

No untreated sewage or effluent shall be permitted to be discharged into any water body or forests within the eco-sensitive zone and the local authority shall provide proper drainage and treatment system for collection, treatment and disposal of untreated/and treated effluent in accordance with the provisions of the Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974. Moreover, the treated sewage and treated effluent shall be disposed only at or into a point(s) identified and approved by the local authorities and the Monitoring Committee

Monitoring Committee

• Under the provisions of sub-section (3) of Section 3 of the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986 (29 of 1986), the Central Government shall constitute a committee to be called the Monitoring Committee to monitor the compliance of the provisions of this notification

• In case of activities requiring prior permission on environmental In

clearance, such activities shall be referred to the State Level Environmental Impact Assessment Authority, which shall be the Competent Authority for grant of such clearances

Refer Notification No.S.O1545 (E) dated 25th June 2009 declaring Mount Abu Eco Sensitive Zone for complete details

Statutory Clearance Process

4.0 Consent To Establish (CTE) The CTE process adopted by RSPCB is explained below in the form of Q & A to facilitate better understanding for the project proponent as well as other stakeholders.

01. In which category textile processing industry falls?

GSR 73 dated 10.12.2010 of DoE, Government of Rajasthan Appendix A category

S.No.18 Man made fiber manufacturing (Rayon & Others)

S.NO. 63 Yarn and textile processing involving scouring, bleaching, dyeing, printing or any effluent / emission generating process other than small and tiny scale unit located at isolated places other than cluster areas

S.No.77 Wool scouring units other than small and tiny units

Appendix B category

S. No 36 Wool scouring (Small & Tiny scale units) S.No 43 Yarn and textile manufacturing /processing

not involving scouring, bleaching, dyeing, printing or any effluents /emission generating processing including spinning/Weaving Units

S. No 44 Yarn and textile processing involving scouring bleaching, dyeing, printings or any effluent / emission generating processes and located at isolated places i.e. Other than cluster areas (Small and tiny units)

S. No 45 Carpet processing units

CHAPTER 4


RSPCB office order No. F.14 (57) Policy / RSPCB/ Plg/ 9219 – 9259 dated 21.12.2010 Red category

S.No.19 Man made fiber manufacturing (Rayon & Others)

S.No. 70 Yarn and textile processing involving scouring, bleaching, dyeing, printing or any effluent / emission generating process

S.No.85 Wool scouring units Orange category

S.No 3 Yarn and textile manufacturing /processing not involving scouring, bleaching, dyeing, printing or any effluent /emission generating process including spinning/weaving unit

S.No. 4 Carpet processing units Green Category All those industries / project processes which are not covered under red or orange category and are discharging waste water and / or air emissions will be covered under green category Note • For the small /tiny scale industries, which are covered under Green

category and are discharging waste water and /or air emissions which do not require any treatment to conform the discharge /emission standards prescribed by the State Board, the acknowledgement of the receipt of the complete application by the State Board shall serve the purpose of grant of consent for the period of remittance of notified consent fees and till such time that the unit modifies /changes its process. Provided that the State Board may conduct random checks or all for information from any small scale unit and make a formal consent order prescribing condition etc,. as requires

• The classification of industries in large/medium /small/tiny scale shall be as notified by the Industry Department

02. What are the documents required for submission?

The project proponent shall apply in the prescribed CTE application form along with requisite enclosures. It can be downloaded from RSPCB web also (www.rpcb.nic.in) • Requisite consent to establish fee as prescribed under the Rajasthan

Air (P&CP) Rules, 1983 and / or Rajasthan Water (P&CP) Rules, 1975 • Declaration on Rs. 10/- non-judicial stamp paper duly attested by

notary public (Annexure - 1) • Project report of proposed plant including all costs duly attested by

http://www.rpcb.nic.in/�


Chartered Accountant • Environmental Management Plan broadly with capacities

environmental aspects on land, water, air, noise and solid waste generation / mitigation measures to comply the norms

• Ownership documents for land / lease deed • Land conversion letter / land allotment letter or permission from local

body • Layout plan showing the location of plant and machinery and the

green belt giving to the scale dimensions and also specifying the width of green belt

• Location plan of proposed site showing distance from road and nearest abadi

• Copy of Partnership deed / MOU & Article of Association as the case may be

• Action plan for green belt development • NOC of CGWA, as per applicability • Document confirming the authorization of signatory of the application

form and enclosures Note: The application form and enclosures must be submitted in triplicate to the competent authority.

03. What is the fee to be submitted?

CTE fee is to be paid along with CTE application as notified by the DoE, Government of Rajasthan vide Notification dated 10th December 2010. Please visit www.rpcb.nic.in for notification. CTE fee structure is given in Annexure 2 & 3 All projects/activities generating HW as defined under the HW (MH&TM) Rules 2008 and requiring authorization thereunder, the application for consent shall be accompanied with fee equal to one and half times of the amount of fee prescribed under the schedule, other than th HW covered under category 5.1 of schedule 1 of HW (MH&TM) Rules 2008 if the quantity of waste /used /spent oil is < 5 KL per annum

04. What is the mode of payment of CTE fee?

Instrument Demand Draft Infavour of Member Secretary, Rajasthan State

Pollution Control Board payable at respective Regional Office / Head Office

05. Where to submit the CTE application

The application along with requisite documents shall be submitted either at the concerned Regional Office of the Board or at Head Office, Jaipur. However, where the competent authority to grant consent to establish is the Regional Officer, the consent application should be submitted to the respective Regional Officer.

06. Is there any provision to apply CTE application on-line?

The Board is in the process of upgrading the systems to accept the applications on line. For details visit RSPCB web site.



07. What are the areas as identified by CGWA as – safe areas, semi – critical areas, critical areas & over exploited areas?

The details are given in Annexure 4

08.Whether environmental clearance under EIA Notification 2006 is required for textile industries?

Not required

09. Whether conversion of land, wherever required, is a pre – requisite to submit CTE application?

Yes, if the industry is proposed in non industrial area

10. Whether CETP membership is a pre-requisite?

Yes, if the industries proposes to send the effluent to CETP. The CETP covered areas are Pali, Jodhpur, Balotra, Bithuja and Jaisol

11 Who is the authority to accord the CTE?

Regional Officer Small and tiny scale wool scouring units Head Office All other projects not covered above All projects covered under Aravalli Notification, 1992 In case any application is refused at the Regional Office Level, the decision on the application submitted subsequently by the unit shall be taken by at Head Office level (No. F.14(57) Policy/RSPCB/Plg/9260/9300 dated 21.12.2010)

12 What is the maximum time period to process the CTE application?

Statutory time limit Section 25(7) of Water (P&CP) Act, 1974 as amended: Four months on submission of application, complete in all aspects Section 21(4) of Air (P&CP) Act, 1981 as amended: Four months after receipt of the application Administrative time limits of RPCB

Red category projects 6 weeks Orange category projects 4 weeks Green category projects 4 weeks


13. Is there any deemed provision?

YES. Section 25 (7) of the Water (P&CP) Act, 1974 as amended: Deemed to have been given unconditionally on the expiry of four months of making of an application complete in all respects to the Board

14. What is the mode of communication of the approval / rejection order of CTE?

Hard copy By Registered Post with Ack. Due Down loads From RSPCB web

15. Is there any appeal mechanism?

Section 28 (1) of Water (P&CP) Act, 1974 as amended: Any person aggrieved by the order made by the State Board under section 25, 26 and 27 may within 30 days from the date on which is communicated to him, prefer an appeal before Appellate Authority constituted by the State Government. The appellate authority may entertain the appeal after the expiry of the said period of thirty days, if such authority is satisfied that the appellant was prevented by sufficient cause from filing the appeal in time Section 31 (1) of Air (P&CP) Act, 1981 as amended: Any person aggrieved by an order made by the State Board under this Act may, within thirty day from the date on which the order is communicated to him, prefer an appeal to Appellate Authority constituted by the State Government The appellate authority may entertain the appeal after the expiry of the said period of thirty days if such authority is satisfied that the appellant was prevented by sufficient cause from filing the appeal in time

16. Whether the CTE obtained from the board can be transferred to any other person?

Where a person to whom consent has been granted by the State Board, transfers his interest in the industry to other person, such consent shall be deemed to have been granted to such other person and he shall be bound to comply with all the conditions subject to which it was granted as if the consent was granted to him originally. Such changes shall be notified to the Board by the project proponent

17. What is the validity period for CTE?

CTE will be valid for a period of three years or till the commissioning of the unit, which ever is earlier (RSPCB Office order dated. 10.08.2001)

18. Are there any sector specific standards notified for Textile units?

Notification No. G.S.R. 422(E) dated 19.05. 2003. Schedule I: S.No 1 – Standards for Man- Made Fabrics (Synthetic) S.No 6 – Standards for Cotton Textile Industries (composite and processing) S.No. 7 - Standards for Composite Woolen Mills (Annexure 5)


19. Are there are any specific noise standards applicable to D.G. Sets?

Notification No. 371(E) dated 27.05.2002 - E (P) Act, 1986: Noise limit for Diesel Generator Sets (up to 1000 KVA) manufacture on or after the 1st July, 2003 • The maximum permissible sound pressure level for new diesel

generator (DG) sets with rated capacity up to 1000 KVA, manufactured on or after the 1st July, 2003 shall be 75 dB (A) at 1 meter from the enclosure surface

• The diesel generator sets should be provided with integral acoustic enclosure at the manufacturing stage itself

Noise limit for DG sets not covered above • Noise from the DG set should be controlled by providing an acoustic

enclosure on by treating the room acoustically, at the users end • The acoustic enclosure or acoustic treatment of the room shall be

designed for minimum 25 dB (A). Insertion Loss or for meeting the ambient noise standards, whichever is on the higher side (if the actual ambient noise is on the higher side, it may not be possible to check the performance of the acoustic enclosure/acoustic treatment. Under such circumstances the performance may be checked for noise reduction up to actual ambient noise level, preferably, in the nighttime. The measurement for Insertion Loss may be done at different points at 0.5m from the acoustic enclosure/room, and then averaged

• The DG set shall be provided with proper exhaust muffler with Insertion Loss of minimum 25 dB (A)

Requirement of certification Every manufacturer or importer of DG set to which these regulations apply must have valid certificates of type approval and also valid certificates of conformity of production for each year, for all the product models being manufactured or imported from 1st July 2003 with the noise limit specified in the Notification. The conformance label must contain the following information a. Name and address of the supplier (if the address is described in the owner’s manual, it may not be included in the label) b. Statement “This product confirms to the Environment (Protection) Rules, 1986” c. Noise limit viz. 75 dB (A) at 1m d. Type approval certificate number e. Date of manufacture of the product


20. Is there any guideline to calculate the minimum requirement of the stack of D.G set?

The CPCB had evolved the minimum height of the stack to be provided to the DG set and published in Emission Regulations Part IV: COINDS/26/1986-87. H= h+0.2 x ÖKVA

H Total height of stack in meter h Height of the building in meters where the

generator set is installed KVA

Total generator capacity of the set in KVA

Based on the above formula the minimum stack height to be provided with different range of generator sets may be categorized as follows:

For generator Sets Total height of stack in meter 50 KVA Ht. of the building +1.5 meter 50-100 KVA Ht. of the building +2.0 meter 100-150 KVA Ht. of the building +2.5 meter 150-200 KVA Ht. of the building +3.0 meter 200-250 KVA Ht. of the building +3.5 meter 250-300 KVA Ht. of the building +3.5 meter

21. Are there any emission standards notified?

S.O.844 (E) dated 19.11.1986 as amended G.S.R. 422(E) dated 19.05. 2003 & G.S.R 801(E) dated 31.12.1993 Schedule VI: Part D - General emission standards (Annexure 6) Schedule I: S.No34 - Standards for small boilers (Annexure 7)

22. Is there any standards notified for ambient air quality?

MoEF, GoI notified National Ambient Air Quality Standards dated 16th November 2009 (Annexure 8)

23. Where shall the ambient noise levels be monitored for compliance?

The ambient air quality standards in respect of noise as notified under E (P) Act, 1986 shall be monitored at the boundary of the project for compliance (Annexure 9)


4.1 Consent To Operate (CTO) 01. What is the procedure to apply for Consent To Operate (first time)?

• Filled in CTO application form (Visit www.rpcb.nic.in) • Investment certificate issued by Chartered Accountant –

Annexure -10 • Requisite CTO fee prescribed under the Rajasthan Air (P&CP)

Rules, 1983 and / or Rajasthan Water (P&CP) Rules, 1975 (as per notification dated 10.12.2010) – Annexure 11 & 12 (CTO fee structure with reference to submission time of CTO application - (Annexure 13)

• Declaration on Rs. 10/- non-judicial stamp paper (Annexure 1) • Report of compliance of conditions of Consent To Establish • Copies of the requisite documents which are required to be

submitted along with CTE application, if not submitted earlier • Status of development of greenbelt – number of plants planted,

area covered and area yet to be covered • NOC from CGWA as per applicability, if not submitted earlier • CETP membership, if applicable • TSDF membership if applicable • Document confirming the authorization of signatory of the

application form and enclosures Note: The application form and enclosures shall be submitted in triplicate

02. What is the procedure to apply for Consent To Operate (renewal)?

The application in the prescribed form along with the following documents shall be submitted: • Requisite consent fee prescribed under the Rajasthan Air (P&CP)

Rules, 1983 and / or Rajasthan Water (P&CP) Rules, 1975 (as per notification dated 10.12.2010) – Annexure 11 & 12 (CTO fee structure with reference to submission time of CTO application - Annexure 13)

• Requisite declaration on Rs. 10/- non-judicial stamp paper (Annexure 1)

• Report of compliance of conditions of Consent To Operate • Investment certificate issued by Charted Accountant (Annexure

10) • Copy of the periodical reports • Status of development of green belt – number of plants, number of

plants surviving, area already covered etc. • Copy of the Environmental Statement – Form V (Annexure 14) • Copy of the HW annual returns – Form 4 (Annexure 15), if

applicable • Document confirming the authorization of the signatory of the

application and enclosures



Note: The application form with enclosures shall be submitted in triplicate

03. Who should submit the application for consent and reply to the notices etc?

The application for consent and reply to notices etc., shall be furnished by owner (including lawfully empowered attorney for such purpose) of the industry. Where the owner of the industry is a juristic person (company, firm, association etc.,) the applications must be filed/information must be furnished under the seal and signature of a person authorized for such purpose and the document confirming the authorization shall be attached

04. Who is the authority to accord the CTO?

Regional Officer Small and tiny scale wool scouring units Head Office All other projects not covered above All projects covered under Aravalli Notification, 1992 In case any application is refused at the Regional Office Level, the decision on the application submitted subsequently by the unit shall be taken by at Head Office level (No. F.14 (57) Policy/RSPCB/Plg/9260/9300 dated 21.12.2010)

05. What is the maximum time period to process the CTO application?

Statutory time limit: Section 25(7) of Water (P&CP) Act, 1974 as amended: Four months on submission of application, complete in all aspects Section 21(4) of Air (P&CP) Act, 1981 as amended: Four months after receipt of the application Administrative time limits of RPCB:

Red category projects 6 weeks Orange category projects 4 weeks Other category projects 4 weeks

06. What is the validity period for CTO?

Appendix A projects 3 years Appendix B projects 5years Other projects 10years Provided fee amount is paid for entire period G.S.R 73 dated 10th December, 2010 – DoE, Govt of Rajasthan


4.2 Hazardous Wastes Authorization 01. Whether Textile processing units required applying for Hazardous Waste Authorization?

Yes. As per Hazardous Waste (Management, Handling and trans-boundary movement) Rules, 2008 as amended, the following categories of wastes comes under the category of hazardous wastes (Refer schedule I)

S No Processes Hazardous Waste 05. Industrial operations

using mineral/synthetic oil as lubricant in hydraulic systems or other applications

5.1 Used/spent oil 5.2 Wastes/residues containing oils

24. Production of canvas and textiles

24.1 Chemical residues

26. Production or industrial use of synthetic dyes, dye-intermediates and pigments

26.1 Process waste sludge /residues containing acid or other toxic metals or organic complexes 26.2 Dust from air filtration system

33. Disposal of barrels/ containers used for handling of hazardous wastes/chemicals

33.1 Chemical-containing residue arising from decontamination 33.2 Sludge from treatment of waste water arising out of cleaning / disposal of barrels/ containers 33.3 Discarded containers/ barrels /liners contaminated with hazardous wastes/ chemicals

34. Purification and treatment of exhaust air, water & waste water from the processes in this schedule and common industrial effluent treatment plants (CETP’s)

34.1 Flue gas cleaning residue 34.2 Spent ion exchange resin containing toxic metals 34.3 Chemical sludge from waste water treatment 34.4 Oil and grease skimming residues 34.5 Chromium sludge from cooling water

02. What is the procedure to apply for

The application (Annexure 16) in the prescribed form along with the following documents shall be submitted. The Board is in the process


Authorization for Hazardous Waste (first time)?

of coming up with combined CTO & HWA application. Please visit RSPCB web site for updated format. • Requisite declaration on Rs. 10/- non-judicial stamp paper

(Annexure 1) • Report of compliance of conditions of consent to establish in

tabular form (if applied for the first time) • Report of compliance of HW authorization conditions (in case of

renewal) • Details method of pre-treatment (if any) and disposal of wastes • Details of storage facilities provided to store the hazardous waste • TSDF membership, if applicable Copies of the following documents, if not submitted earlier: • Ownership document for land/lease deed • Copy of partnership deed/MoU & Article of Association as the

case may be • Site layout plan of plant & area earmarked for storage of

hazardous wastes • Monitoring reports of soils, ground water and ambient air

around the hazardous wastes storage area 03. Where to submit the application?

At Head Office or at concerned Regional Office. However, where the competent authority to grant consent to establish is the Regional Officer, the consent application should be submitted to the respective Regional Officer.

04. What is the maximum time period to process the authorization application?

Statutory time limit: Rule 5(4) & 5(5) of HW (M, H&TM) Rules, 2008, the completely filled up application will be processed within 120 days from the date of receipt of application

05. What is the validity period for authorization?

Rule 5(4) - Valid for five years and shall be subject to such conditions as may be laid therein

06. How to apply for renewal of authorization?

The application (Annexure 16) in the prescribed form along with the following documents shall be submitted. • Requisite declaration on Rs. 10/- non-judicial stamp paper

(Annexure 1) • Report of compliance of conditions of earlier authorization • Details method of pre-treatment (if any) and disposal of wastes • Details of storage facilities provided to store the hazardous waste • Membership from TSDF • Copy of Form 4 (annual returns) for all the preceding 3/ 5 years • Waste minimization measures adopted

07. Is there any appeal provision?

Rule 26 HW (M,H&TM) Rules, 2008


Any person aggrieved by an order of suspension, or cancellation, or refusal of authorization or its renewal passed by the state pollution control Board, may, within a period of 30 days from the date on which such order is communicated to him, prefer an appeal in Form 15 to the appellate authority comprising of the Environment Secretary of the State The appellate authority may entertain the appeal after the expiry of said period of 30 days if it is satisfied that appellant was prevented by sufficient cause from filling the appeal in time Every appeal filed under this rule shall be disposed off within a period of 60 days from the date of filling

08. What are the annual returns and records to be maintained?

Rule 20(2) Transport Emergency (TREM) Card in Form 11

Rule 20(2) Marking of Hazardous Waste Container in Form 12

Rule 21(1) Hazardous Waste Manifest in Form 13 Rule 22(1) Maintaining records of Hazardous Waste

in Form 3 Rule 22(2) Annual returns in Form 4 Rule 24 Accident reporting in Form 14

09. What are the compliance requirements under the provisions of Batteries Management and Handling) Rules 2001?

Rule 10 (1) - It shall be the responsibility of the consumer to ensure that used batteries are not disposed of in any manner other than depositing with dealer, manufacturer, importer, assembler, registered recycler, reconditioner or at the designated collection centers

4.3 Water Cess Returns and Payment 01. Whether Textile processing unit is required to file water Cess returns?

S.O. 49 (E) dated 6th May 2003 If the industry consumes water for different applications including domestic more than 10 KLD shall file the Water Cess returns in the prescribed format (Annexure 17) along with analysis report of treated effluent. The Central Government exempted industries consuming water less than 10 kl per day from the levy of cess, provided that no such exemption shall be applicable in case of industries generating ‘hazardous wastes’ as identified in clause (i) of Rule 3 of the HW (M&H) Rules 1989

02. Is there any Self Assessment Scheme

RSPCB had simplified the Cess assessment procedure for certain category units


for small assesses? The scheme shall be applicable to small assessees whose Cess liability under the existing rates does not exceed Es. 6,000/- PA. Under this scheme the eligible assessees shall submit a self-assessment before 31st May of every year, for the ensuing year as a whole, based on earlier year’s data and as per the latest rates. The amount payable shall be submitted in the form of Demand Draft taken in favor of MS, RSPCB and the same shall be submitted to the MS, RSPCB, Jaipur with a copy to the concerned Regional Officer of the Board Note: The Assessing Authority may accept the self-assessment given by the industry, in which case, it will be deemed to have become final assessment u/s 6 of Act. The Assessing Authority, however, reserves the right to make its own investigation to ascertain the quantity of water used, and raise a demand for Cess

03. What is the Appeal mechanism?

Section 13 of Water (P & CP) Cess Act, 1977 as amended in 1991 - any person or local authority aggrieved by an order of the assessment made under section 6 or by an order imposing penalty made under section 11, may, with such time as may be prescribed, appeal to such authority, in such form and in such manner as maybe prescribed As per rule 9 of Water (Prevention and control of pollution) Cess rules, 1978,all such appeals shall be made within 30days from the date of communication of such order of assessment or penalty. All such applications shall accompany with assessment order or penalty order and a fee of Rs.50/-

04 Is there any provision for rebate?

As per the Section 7 of Water (Prevention and control of pollution) Cess Act, 1977, any person or local authority, liable to pay the Cess under this Act, installs any plant for the treatment of sewage or trade effluent, such person, or local authority shall, from date as may be prescribed be entitled to a rebate of twenty five percent of the Cess payable Provided that a person or local authority shall not be entitled to any rebate if he or it a) Consumes water in excess of the maximum quantity as may be prescribed in this behalf for any specified industry or local authority or b) Fails to comply with any of the provisions of Section25 of the Water (Prevention of pollution) Act, 1974 or any of the standards lay down by the Central Government under the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986 Water cess rates for different usage – Annexure18

05 Is it mandatory to affixing water meters?

As per Section 4 of the Act water meters shall be affixed by for measuring and recording water consumed

Environmental Aspects and Guidance

5.0 General The Textile processing involves both dry and wet process. Textile process consumes large quantities of water, use large variety of chemicals and consume energy. Environmental impacts from textile processing industries include consumption of various natural resources like water, fuel and energy and chemicals. Apart from this textile industry creates water pollution, air pollution, hazardous and non hazardous wastes and noise. Many in plant measures are required to conserve the resources and reduce the generation of wastes. This chapter highlights various environmental aspects from different unit processes and utilities 5.1 Unit Processes in Textiles Various unit processes involved in textile processing with brief description is outlined below Spinning industry

Cotton spinning

Figure (1) shows the production line for cotton spinning. In this line cotton from bales is processed through successive machines to be cleaned from dust, trashes and foreign matters, opened, mixed, carded, then drafted to a thin thread and twisted to produce the yarn. This line could also be used for spinning man-made fibers with characteristics similar to cotton, or blends of cotton and man-made fibers. The produced yarn is wound on large packages with conical shape on winding machines producing cone packages.

Wool spinning

Figure (2) shows the production processes for wool spinning. In this line, wool fibers from bales are scoured to be cleaned from grease, carbonized to remove the plant matter, carded, combed then drafted to a thin thread and twisted to produce woolen or worsted yarns. The produced yarn is wound on large package as final product for weaving or knitting, or for carpet production. The same line may be used to process man-made fibers of the type similar to wool, or blends of wool and man-made fibers.

CHAPTER 5


Fabric formation industry

Weaving Figure (3) shows the production processes for weaving yarns into fabric. In this line a large number of parallel threads are arranged with the required length, wound on a beam, strengthened and smoothed by sizing, and interlaced with weft threads on the loom to produce a woven fabric, which is wound on another beam (cloth beam).

Knitting Figure (4) shows the production processes for knitting yarns into fabrics. In both circular and flat knitting, yarn packages feed the knitting machine, which forms a fabric by interlooping the threads together, using knitting needles. But in warp knitting, a large number of warp threads are arranged in parallel and wound on a beam to feed the knitting machine. The warp-knitting machine forms a fabric by interlooping the threads, using knitting needles.

Non-woven Figure (5) shows the production line for needle punched non-woven fabric. In this line, man-made fibers are opened to form a fiber web with the required weight, then passed through the needle punching machine, where the fibers are pushed depth wise by barbed needles and get entangled, to produce a felt-like fabric with high coherence and strength. To strengthen the needle-punched non-woven, it may be treated with adhesive to give more bonding between fibers. This may be achieved by spraying the fabric with a chemical adhesive.

Tufted Carpet

Figure (6) shows the production processes of tufted carpet. In this technology, the tufting machine is fed with a large number of threads, and a spun-bonded non-woven fabric, as the ground of the carpet. The needles of the tufting machine make tracks of parallel stitches through the ground fabric, creating a terry surface. The formed carpet is back coated with adhesive resin to bind the carpet pile to the ground fabric and the adhesive is covered with jute fabric as a back. Then, the carpet surface is sheared to improve the appearance and regulate it.

Singeing This process (cotton only) is considered one of the processes for finishing preparation, and is only concerned with cotton woven fabrics. In this process the greige fabric surface on both sides is subjected to a gas flame, which burns the protruding fibers and results in a smooth surface.

Desizing In this process the size materials on the warp threads of the fabric are removed, by passing the fabric in a bath of sulpheric acid or by using enzymes, soap or hot water depending on the sizing material. This process is also considered one of the preparation processes for finishing.


Finishing industry

Scouring In this process, the desized fabric is passed through a cleaning bath, using alkaline or solvent solutions to dissolve any impurities or soiling on the fabric. Desizing and scouring could be done in one operation in some plants. The operation is a preparation step for bleaching and dyeing. It is possible to do desizing by using hot water and soap.

Bleaching This process (for natural fibres) is also one of the preparation processes for finishing, to obtain white colour in the fabric, by using bleaches, such as hydrogen peroxide or hypochlorite.

Mercerizing This process (for cotton only) is also a preparation process for finishing, in which the fabric is treated with sodium hydroxide to create luster, more strength and higher affinity for dyes in the fabric. This process could be applied to woven or knitted cotton fabrics.

Dyeing This process is the finishing process in which the yarn, fabrics, or garments are treated to add color and intricacy to the product, using dyestuffs, auxiliaries, reductants, oxidants, …etc. This process is well known to be a major source of pollution due to the many chemicals used, and the large quantities of wastewater resulting from the process, and loaded with pollutants.

Printing In this process the fabric is printed with color and patterns, using pigments, dyes, acids, alkalis, softener, binder and emulsifier solvents. Printing is also one of the major sources for pollution.

Carbonizing In this process (for wool), woven or knitted wool fabrics are treated with sulphuric acid to remove the vegetable cellulosic matter naturally existing in wool fibers.

Special finishing

In the special finishing process (moth-proofing, water repellant, stain resist, …etc.), the fabric is chemically treated to achieve certain characteristics in the finished fabric giving it special performance, such as water-proof, crease resistance, …etc.

Brushing and napping

This process is considered as a mechanical finishing process, in which the fabric surface is subjected to a brushing action to raise fibers from the yarns and create a hairy surface in the fabric. This process may be applied to both woven and knitted fabrics.

Shearing This process is also a mechanical finishing process that is applied to woven fabric, to shear the protruding fibers from fabric surface and create smooth surface fabrics. This process is a sources for fiber particulates

Softening by calendering

This is a mechanical finishing process simulating, the ironing process of fabric to produce smooth unwrinkled surface. The woven fabric is passed between smooth pressed rollers to remove surface fibers and reduce friction between fibers, resulting in soft feel in the fabric

Sanforizing This is a mechanical finishing process applied to woven fabrics to compact the structure by passing the fabric between smooth heavy rollers, and produce compacted fabrics


Garment Industry

Fabric laying

In this process the fabric is laid on a long table in multiplayer arrangement, using a special machine with reciprocating carriage. This process is applied for the main garment fabric, and also the lining fabric

Placing patterns

After collecting the number of fabric layers, the patterns of the garment are placed on top of the layers, and fixed by special pins

Cutting The multi layers are cut according to the patterns by using electric cutter which moves around the patterns to produce garment parts and, similarly lining parts and interlining parts

Sewing In this process, the garment parts are assembled together by stitching on sewing machines. Also, the lining parts are assembled by sewing operation

Sticking interlining

In this process, stiffening interlining pieces are heat pressed on some garment pieces, using a special heat press

Ironing This is a finishing process to remove wrinkles from garment and give a neat appearance

Packaging In this process, finished garments are packed in plastic bags, then in carton boxes according to the size

5.2 Inputs to Various Processes It is essential to control inputs to get right out puts from each process and to reduce wastes. As the environmental impacts arise from the inputs into processes, we need to understand the inputs. The following table provides information on basic input materials requirement in different processes.

Inputs to dry processes Cotton Spinning Raw cotton fibers, man-made fibers with specifications similar to cotton, or

blends of cotton and man-made fibers. The raw fibers are supplied in bales. Wool Spinning Raw wool fibers, man-made fibers with specifications of wool, or blends of

wool and man-made fibers. The raw fiber material is supplied in bales. Weaving Cotton yarns, woolen yarns, man-made yarns, blended yarns, textured

yarns, stretch yarns, …etc. Knitting Cotton yarns, woolen yarns, man-made yarns, blended yarns, textured

yarns, stretch yarns, …etc. Non woven Man-made fibers, wool fibers, or blends Tufting Acrylic yarns, polypropylene yarns, blended yarns with the wool-type. Garment Woven or knitted fabrics, from cotton, wool, man-made fibers, blends of

natural and man-made fibers, interlining fabric and lining fabric, buttons, zebs, …etc.

Inputs to wet processes Sizing Polyvinyl alcohol, Carboxy methyl Cellulose, Oils, Waxes, Adhesives, Urea,

Diethylene glycol, etc. Desizing Enzymes, Sulphuric acid, Detergents and Alkali Scouring Sodium hydroxide, Sodium Carbonate, surfactants, chlorinated solvents


Bleaching Hypochlorite, hydrogen peroxide, acetic acid. Mercerization Sodium hydroxide, surfactants, acid, liquid ammonium Dyeing Dyestuffs, auxiliaries, reductants, oxidants Printing Dyes (acids or alkalis), pigments, kerosene, binders, ammonia, xylenes. Chemical finishing

Formaldehyde, phosphorus, ammonia, silicone, fluorocarbon resins, toluene, zircon salts etc.

5.3 Dye Inputs Not all the dye is fixed to the fibre during the dyeing process. Table 5.3 shows the percentage of unfixed dyes for various textiles. The reactive dyes used for cotton have the poorest fixation rate, and since 52% of the textile-fibre market is cotton, most colored effluent problems arise from dyeing cotton with reactive dyes. Heavy metals are associated with the effluents from wool dyeing. Table 5.3 Percentage of unfixed dye for different dye types and applications

Fibre Dye type Unfixed dye (percentage) Wool and Nylon Acid dyes/reactive dyes for wool 7 – 20

Pre-metalised dyes 2 – 7 After chromes 1 – 2

Cotton and viscose Azoic dyes 5 – 10 Reactive dyes 20 – 50 Direct dyes 5 - 20 Pigment 1 Vat dyes 5 – 20 Sulphur dyes 30 – 40

Polyester Disperse 8 – 20 Acrylic Modified basic 2 – 3 Polypropylene Spun dyed N/A Source: Water and Chemical use in the Textile Dyeing and Finishing Industry (GG62 Guide) (http://www.envirowise.gov.uk/uk.html)

5.4 Out puts of Processes and Waste Generation The various pollutants likely generated from the different processes are given in the following tables:

http://www.envirowise.gov.uk/uk.html�


Table 5.4.1 Cotton Spinning – Waste Water & Solid Waste

Process Input materials Function (purpose)

Product Effluents Solid wastes

Opening and cleaning

Raw cotton different man-made fibres (cotton-type), or both

Opening and cleaning cotton

Flow of cleaned and opened cotton

_____ Fibres

Carding Layer of cleaned cotton

Further opening and cleaning

Card sliver

______ Fibres

Combing Card sliver Further cleaning removing neps parallelizing the fibres

Combed sliver

______ Fibres

Drawing Card slivers or combed slivers cotton, man-made, or both

Improving regularity, blending different fibres

Drawn sliver

_____ Fibres

Roving Drawn sliver Reducing thickness, inserting some twist to strengthen resulting roving

Roving _____ Fibres

Ring-Spinning

Roving Drafting roving to yarn and inserting final twist

Ring-spun yarn on bobbin

_____ Yarns

Open-end spinning

Drawn sliver Drafting sliver to yarn and inserting final twist

Open-end yarn on cheese package

_____ Yarns

Cone-package winding

Ring-spun yarn or bobbin

Removing yarn defects and winding yarn to cone packages

Finished Ring-spun yarn on cone packages

_____ Yarns


Table 5.4.2 Wool Spinning - Waste Water & Solid Waste

Process Input materials

Function (purpose)


Selection and sorting

Raw wool Classifying wool according to quality

Required quality of raw wool

_____ Wool fibres waste

Scouring Raw wool warm soapy water

Cleaning wool from natural grease, suint, dirt and dust

Clean wool from grease suint and dust

High solids, BOD, COD, grease, solvent and detergent residues neutral to high pH, temperature

Wool fibre waste

Carbonizing Scoured wool – Suphuric acid (low concentration)

Removing vegetable matter

Wool cleaned from vegetable matter

Normal pH below 7 occasional acid bath dumps

Little charred carbon residue

Mixing and oiling

Pretreated wool oil

Mixed and oiled wool ready for carding

Wool _____ Wool fibres wastes

Carding Cleaned and oiled wool

Fiber separation and forming fiber rope (roving)

Wool roving _____ Fibre waste (typically reused)

Gilling and combing

Carded wool Parallelism fibres, separate entanglement

Combed sliver

_____ Fibre waste (reused)

Roving Combed sliver

Drafting sliver to form roving

Roving (or top)

_____ Fiber waste

Spinning Roving Draft roving and insert twist to form yarn

Woolen yarn (without combing) or worsted yarn (combed)

_____ Fiber waste

4.


Table 5.4.3 Weaving Industry - Waste Water & Solid Waste


Function (purpose)


Warping Yarn cones Forming the longitudinal parallel arrangement of warp threads

Warp threads beam

_____ Yarns-packaging waste

Slashing (sizing)

-Warp threads on warp beam size solution -

Treating warp threads with size solution

Sized warp BOD, COD,metals, size washing residues

Fiber lint, yarn scarp size residues

Preparing for the loom

Sized warp Threading warp threads in harnesses, reed and rop wires to be ready for the loom

Warp beam ready for weaving

______ ______

Weaving Warp threads arrangement

Enterlacing warp threads with weft threads to from woven fabric

Woven fabric

_____ Yarn and fabric scrap

Table 5.4.4 knitting Industry - Waste Water & Solid Waste



Warp knitting: Warping

Yarns (cotton, wool, blended, man-made, filament, textured)

Preparing warp yarns on warp beam

Warp beam

_____ Yarns-packaging waste

Knitting Warp beam Interloping the warp yarns to from knitted fabric

Warp knitted fabric

______ Yarn and fabric scraps, packaging waste

Circular knitting or flat knitting

Yarns cones Interloping threads to form weft knitted fabric

Circular knitted fabric

_______ Yarn and fabric scraps, packaging waste


Table 5.4.5 Non woven Fabric Industry - Waste Water & Solid Waste


Function (purpose)


Web formation

Man-made fibres (polyester, nylon, etc)

Opening and carding the fibres

Card web of fibres

_____ Fibres

Web condensation

Card fiber web

Condensing fiber web to required weight

Multiplayer fiber web

______ Fibres

Needle punching

Multilayer fiber web

Mechanical bonding of fibre web

Needled non-woven felt

______ Fibres

Adhesive spraying and drying

Needle punched fabric

Strengthening the fabric coherence

Needle punched non-woven fabric

______ Fibres, non-woven fabric scraps

Table 5.4.6 Tufting Industry - Waste Water & Solid Waste


Function (purpose)


Tufting - Carpet yarn (wool, man-made fiber) - Ground fabric (spun bonded non-woven)

Inserting rows of tufts on ground fabric

Ground fabric tufted with carpet wool pile

_____ - Yarns -Packaging wastes -Fabric scraps

Adhesive coating of tuft back

- Adhesive resin - Jute woven fabric

Fixing tufts to ground fabric

Tufted carpet backed with adhesive

Chemicals reducing the dissolved oxygen in water

Spills of adhesives

Covering carpet back with jute fabric and drying

Woven jute fabric and tufted carpet

Sticking the backing to the adhesive coating

Tufted carpet with finished back

______ Fabric scraps

Shearing pile surface

Tufted carpet with solidified adhesive

Leveling the pile surface

Finished tufted carpet

______ Fibres


Table 5.4.7 Finishing Industry (Textile wet processes) - Waste Water & Solid Waste



Singeing (cotton only)

Unfinished woven cotton fabrics

To burn the surface fibres of greige goods to give smooth surface

Fabric with smooth surface, surface and no protruding fibres

_____ Little or none

Desizing - Singed fabric - Enzymes - Acids (Sulphuric)

To remove size material from woven fabric

Fabric free from size

BOD from sizes, lubricants, biocides, anti-static compounds

Fiber lint, yarn waste, cleaning materials

Scouring -Knitted or desized woven fabric -Alkaline or solvent solutions

Cleaning fabric from impurities

Clean fabric High BOD and temperature very high pH, fats, waxes, detergents, size mix residues, solvent residues

Little or no residual waste

Bleaching (for natural fibres)

Scoured fabric, hydrogen peroxide, hypochlorite

Eliminating unwanted colored matter decolorizing colored impurities

White bleached fabric

Low to moderate BOD, high pH and temperature, bleach and additives residues

Little or more

Mercerizing -Woven or knitted cotton fabric -Caustic soda (15-20%) -Acid

To give luster, more strength, and higher affinity for dyes

Mercerized woven or knitted fabric

Very high pH, dissolved solids, some, BOD, NaOH

Little or none

Dyeing Woven or knitted fabric, dye stuffs, auxiliaries, reductants and oxidants

Add colour and intricacy to fabrics

Dyed fabric Depending on type of dye, dissolved solids, COD heavy metals causing toxicity, BOD

Chemical residues, fabric scrap


Printing Woven or knitted fabric, pigments and dyes, acids or alkalis, softener, binder, emulsifier solvents

Printing color and patterns on fabric

Printed fabric

High COD and salt content solvents toxic metals BOD, foam, heat

Chemical residues

Carbonizing (for wool)

Woven or knitted wool fabric sulphuric acid

Removing vegetable matter

Wool fabric cleaned from cellulosic matter

Normal pH below 7 occasional acid bath dumps

Little charred carbon residue

Special finishing (moth-proofing water repellant stain rest, etc)

Woven or knitted fabric - Mitin, Dieldrin and Beconize for moth-proofing fluoro chemicals for water and oil repellant

Giving fabric special finish

Fabric with special finish

BOD, COD suspended solids, toxic materials, spent solvents

Chemical residues fabric scrap

Brushing and napping

Woven or knitted fabric

Raise surface fiber and change feel and texture of fabric

Fabric with hairy surface

______ Fiber waste

Shearing Woven fabric Removing surface fibres

Fabric with smooth surface

______ Fiber waste

Softening by calendering

Woven fabric Removing surface fibres friction between fibres

Soft fabric ______ ______

Sanforizing Woven fabric Compacting the fabric

Fabric with compressed structure

______ ______

Addition of luster

Woven fabric Adding luster to fabric surface

Fabric with lustrous flattened and smoothed yarns

______ ______

Source: Self Monitoring Manual, Textile Industry, Egyptian Pollution Abatement Project, Ministry of State of Environmental Affairs


S 5.5 Utilities The textile units may have utilities such as raw water treatment system, diesel generator(s), boilers(s), cooling towers, laboratory, workshop(s), fuel storage facilities, waste water treatment plant, administrative block, canteen etc. The pollution potential from these operations should be assessed and suitable mitigation measures should be planned. 5.6 Wastewater generation – Industry Benchmarks Below table provides industry benchmark about wastewater discharges from unit processes of textile industry:

Waste generation* Outputs per unit of product Unit Industry Benchmark

Wastewater -Wool Scouring l/kg 2–6 ** Wastewater - Yarn Finishing Wool

l/kg 35–45

Wastewater - Yarn Finishing Cotton

l/kg 100–120

Wastewater - Yarn Finishing Synthetic Fiber

l/kg 65–85

Wastewater - Knitted Fabric Finishing Wool

l/kg 60–70

Wastewater Knitted Fabric Finishing Cotton

l/kg 60–135

Wastewater Knitted Fabric Finishing Synthetic Fiber

l/kg 35–80

Wastewater Woven Fabric Finishing Wool

l/kg 70–140

Wastewater Woven Fabric Finishing Cotton

l/kg 50–70

Wastewater Woven Fabric Finishing + Print Cotton

l/kg 150–80

Wastewater Woven Fabrics Finishing Synthetic Fiber

l/kg 100-180

Sludge from Wastewater Treatment

kg/m3 treated

1–5 ***


Wastewater * European Commission (2002b) ** BAT is 2–4 l/kg of greasy wool for medium and large mills (15000 tons/year of greasy wool) and 6 l/kg for small mills) *** Volume of sludge produced after dewatering 1–5 kg/m3 of treated wastewater Source: EHS Guidelines for Textile Manufacturing, April 30, 2007 – International Finance Corporation & World Bank Group (www.ifc.org)

5.7 Environmental Norms

S. No Description of the norms Notification/Circular 01. Sector Specific Standards

Notified Under the Provisions of the E (P) Act

Notification No. S.O.844 (E) dated 19.11.1986 as amended G.S.R. 422(E) dated 19.05. 2003. Schedule I: S.No 6 – Standards for Cotton Textile Industries (composite and processing) S.No. 7 - Standards for Composite Woolen Mills (Annexure 5)

02. CETP Inlet standards Notification No G.S.R (E) dated 21.02.1991 as amended (Annexure 19)

03. General Standards for Discharge of Effluents

Notification No. G.S.R 422 (E) dated 19.05.1993 and G.S.R 801 (E) dated 31.12.1993 issued under the provisions of E (P) Act 1986 (Annexure 20)

04. Prohibition on the Handling of Azodyes

Notification No. S.O.243 (E) dated 26.03.1997 (Annexure 21)

05. Air Emission Standards Notified Under the Provisions of the E (P) Act

S.O.844 (E) dated 19.11.1986 as amended G.S.R. 422(E) dated 19.05. 2003 & G.S.R 801(E) dated 31.12.1993 Schedule VI: Part D - General emission standards (Annexure 6) Schedule I: S.No34 – Standards for small boilers (Annexure 7)

06. National Ambient Air Quality Standards

MoEF Notification dated 16th May 2009 (Annexure 8)

07. National Noise Ambient Air Quality Standards

The Noise Pollution (Regulation & Control) Rules, 2000 – S.O. 123 (E) dated 14th February 2000 and as amended in S.O. 1046 (E) dated

http://www.ifc.org/�


22.11.2000 and S.O 50 (E) dated 11th January 2010 (Annexure 9)

08. Noise Limit for Generator Sets Run With Diesel

Notification No. G.S.R 371 (E) dated 17th May, 2002(Annexure 22)

09. Hazardous waste categorization Hazardous Material (Management, Handling and Transboundary Movement) Rules Notification No. 2265(E) dated 24.09. 2008

Treatment Technologies

6.0 Conventional Treatment Systems and Limitations Typically the conventional wastewater treatment system in textile processing industries includes screen chamber, oil & grease trap, equalization and coagulation in primary treatment systems. Activated sludge treatment or two-stage aeration, clarifier in secondary treatment system. Although COD/BOD reductions are achieved through this conventional treatment system, objectionable color, high TDS levels of effluents remain and effluents are not fit to be discharged to surface water or on land. Hence, tertiary treatment systems are becoming necessary for achieving disposal standards. The Central Pollution Control Board had recently published a report on “Advance Methods for Treatment of Textile Industry Effluents”. Some of the options available are described briefly here: 6.1 Adsorption The adsorption process is used to removes color and other soluble organic pollutants from effluent. The process also removes toxic chemicals such as pesticides, phenols, cyanides and organic dyes that cannot be treated by conventional treatment methods. Dissolved organics are adsorbed on surface as wastewater containing these is made to pass through adsorbent. Most commonly used adsorbent for treatment is activated carbon. The activated carbon once it is saturated needs replacement or regeneration. Regeneration can be done chemically or thermally. The chemical regeneration can be done in within the column itself either with acid or other oxidizing chemicals. This normally effects partial recovery of activity and necessitate frequent recharging of carbon. For thermal regeneration, the exhausted carbon is fed to furnace and heated in a controlled condition. This process volatilizes and oxidizes the impurities held in carbon. Other materials such as activated clay, silica, fly ash, etc are also known to be promising adsorbents 6.2 Ion Exchange Ion exchange process is normally used for the removal of inorganic salts and some specific organic anionic components such as phenol. All salts are composed of a positive ion of a base and a negative ion of an acid. Ion exchange materials are capable of exchanging soluble ions and cations with electrolyte solutions. For example, a cation exchanger in the sodium form when contacted with a solution of calcium chloride, will scavenge the calcium ions from the solution and replace them with sodium ions However, this process generates backwashes and concentrated effluents, which requires further treatment such as evaporation. This process is not suitable for removal of non- ionic compounds.

CHAPTER 6


6.3 Membrane Filtration Reverse Osmosis The process of reverse osmosis is based on the ability of certain specific polymeric membranes, usually cellulose acetate or nylon to pass pure water at fairly high rates and to reject salts. Reverse osmosis can be used as end-of-pipe treatment and recycling system for effluent. After primary, secondary and/or tertiary treatment, further purification by removal of organics and dissolved salts is possible by use of reverse osmosis. RO membranes are susceptible to fouling due to organics, colloids and microorganism. Scale causing constituents like hardness, carbonate. Silica, heavy metals, oil etc has to be removed from the feed. As the membranes are sensitive to oxidizing agents like chlorine or ozone, they should also be absent. Ultra filtration This process is similar to reverse osmosis. The difference between reverse osmosis and ultra filtration is primarily the retention properties of the membranes. Reverse osmosis membranes retain all solutes including salts, while ultra filtration membranes retain only macromolecules and suspended solids. Thus salts, solvents and low molecular weight organic solutes pass through ultra filtration membrane with the permeate water. Since the membrane does not retain salts, the osmotic pressure differences across ultra filtration membrane are negligible. Flux rates through the membranes are fairly high, and hence lower pressures can be used. Ultra filtration membranes may be made from cellulose acetate, polyelectrolyte complexes, nylon and inert polymers. Hence, acidic or caustic streams may also be treated. Nano filtration Nano filtration can be positioned between reverse osmosis and ultra filtration. Nano filtration is essentially a lower pressure version membrane where the purity of permeate water less important. This process is used where the high salt rejection of reverse osmosis is not necessary. The nano filtration is capable of removing hardness elements such as calcium or magnesium together with bacteria, viruses and color. Nano filtration operated on lower pressure than reverse osmosis and as such treatment cost is lower than reverse osmosis treatment. Nano filtration is preferred when permeate with TDS but without color, COD and hardness is acceptable. Feed water to nano filtration should be of similar qualities as in case of reverse osmosis. Turbidity and colloids should be low. Disinfection of feed may also necessary to remove microorganism. Filtration Spectrum of Different Membranes

Filtration type Pore size (micron) Molecular weight Used for removal of pollutant

Micro filtration 0.007 – 2.00 > 1,00,000 Bacteria, pigments, oil etc

Ultra filtration 0.002 – 0.10 1,000 – 2,00,000 Colloids, virus, protein


etc Nano filtration 0.001 – 0.07 180 – 15,000 Dyes, pesticides,

divalent ions etc Reverse osmosis < 0.001 < 200 Salts and ions Source: Resource Recycling Series; RERES/7/2007, CPCB

Ozonization Large, complex organic molecules, detergents, phenols etc. can be broken into simpler compounds by ozonation. Among the industrial applications, oxidation of organic and inorganic, deodorization, and decolorization are the main usages. Ozone doses in level of 2 mg/l have been reported to result in virtually complete removal of colour and hard pollutants such as detergents. 6.4 Evaporation Typically evaporation process is used for evaporation of high concentrated rejects of R.O, ultra filtration, nano filtration etc, where TDS concentration is high. Multiple Effect Evaporators, Mechanical Vapor Compression, Direct Contact Evaporation are various methods used for evaporation of effluents. 6.5 Crystallization This method is used to crystallize salts and recover them from its mother liquor. The crystallizers may be single stage or multi-stage for extracting useful chemicals like sodium sulphate, calcium sulphate, sodium chloride, calcium chloride etc, from process solutions and effluents. 6.6 Cost Benefit Analysis – A Case Study The effluent stream bearing high salt i.e. the spent dye bath can be segregated and treated with recovery of salt. This effluent stream has low volume and can be treated using chemical treatment followed by multi-effect evaporation and crystallization. Glauber salt (Sodium Sulphate Decahedrate Na2SO4.10H2O) based dyeing enables recovery of the salt. The other effluent stream i.e. wash water can be treated separately by primary/secondary treatment methods followed by RO system to recover water. A case study done of treatment system by CPCB based on above concept in an industry, which is engaged in processing of hosiery fabrics and yarns with an average production of 5 tonnes of hosiery cloths and yarns per day. During processing i.e. scouring, bleaching and dyeing contaminated wastewater is generated which is about 500 KLD. The treatment of wastewater consists of primary treatment, ozonation, reverse osmosis membrane filtration, multiple effect evaporators and crystallizer. These measures enabled the industry to recover water and glauber salt (sodium sulphate) for recycle in the production process.


Total estimated wastewater discharge is 500 KLD. Out of this, 50 KLD is from dye bath wastewater and the first wash, and remaining 450 KLD is wash water effluent. In the RO stage I, about 75% of wash water effluent i.e. 382.5 KLD is recovered, and remaining 25% (42.5 KLD) reject is treated in RO stage II. The water recovery in RO stage II is 50% i.e. 21.25 KLD. Water recovery by RO system is 403.75 KLD, which is 80.75 % of the entire effluent generated. Water recovery is also done by condensation of vapors, which was reported to 60 KLD. Therefore, total water recovery in the system is 463.75 KLD, which is 92.75 % of total wastewater discharge of industry. Besides the water recovery, the system facilitates salt recovery, which is estimated to be about 2000 kg per day. The capital cost and operation and maintenance cost of different units is presented in the Table 6.6

Capital Cost, operation and maintainace cost of treatment scheme Treatment units Capital cost Rs.

Lakhs Operation cost Lakhs/month

Maintenance cost, Rs. Lakhs/month

Primary treatment 45 1.5 0.25 R.O System 92 1.0 0.25 Evaporation and crystallizers

55 1.9 0.50

Economics of treatment scheme for recovery or water and glauber salt Particulars Primary

treatment Primary + Reverse

osmosis Primary + Reverse osmosis + Multiple

effect evaporator crystalliser

Capital cost (Rs. Lakhs) 45 137 192 Annualized capital cost [@15% p.a. interest & deprecation, plant life 10 years] (Rs. Lakh)

8.96 27.29 38.25

Operation and maintenance cost (Rs. Lakh/annum)

21.0 36.0 64.8

Annual burden (Annualized cost + O&M cost) Rs. Lakh

29.26 63.29 103.05

Annual burden /annual turnover ratio (%)

2.99 6.33 10.30

Treatment cost Rs./KL (without interest & depreciation)

13.46 23.07 41.53

Treatment cost Rs./KL (with interest & deprecation)

19.18 40.57 66.05


Details of recovery and savings

Quantity of water recovered = 382.05 + 21.25 + 60 = 463.75 KLD = 12057.5 KL per month = 144690 KL per year

Cost of water @ Rs. 50/KL = Rs. 72,34,500 per year Cost of recovered salt (as reported by industry)

= Rs. 0.35 lakh per month = Rs. 4.20 lakhs per year

Total recovery = 72.34 + 4.20 = Rs. 76.54 Lakhs/year Loss/Saving = Rs. 103.05 – 76.54 = 26.51 lakh/year (loss) Saving (without taking into interest and depreciation)

= 76.54 – 64.8 = Rs. 11.74 lakhs/year

6.7 CPCB Findings of the Case Study • The dye bath effluent is 10% of the total waste generated and the remaining 90% is wash

water • The pollution load in terms of BOD, COD and TDS in dye bath effluent was measured as

1823 mg/l, 9366 mg/l and 17000 mg/l respectively. The values of BOD, COD and TDS in wash water effluent is 190 mg/l, 586 mg/l and 3104 mg/l

• The wash water effluent after primary treatment and ozonation achieves 77.8% COD reduction and 78.4% reduction in BOD

• The further treatment of the effluent in two stage RO system gives a permeate having BOD, COD and TDS levels of 6 mg/l, 17-26 mg/l and 196-922mg/l respectively. Colour content and hardness were also completely removed

• The reject stream of RO system contains TSS 124mg/l, COD 754mg/l and TDS of 17828mg/l • The liquid after evaporation in multi-effect evaporators contains 212384mg/l of TDS, the

value of which before evaporation is 18340mg/l. evaporation process is continued till the liquid attends specific gravity of 1.24

• The condensate of evaporation is pure water with TSS, COD and BOD contents of 8mg/l, 81mg/l and 30mg/l. colour content and hardness were found to be zero in the condensate

• The RO stage I gives permeate water which was found to 76.5% (382.5 KLD) of the total wastewater. This water is recycled in the production process

• The total recovery of permeate water with the use of RO stage II, comes to be 80.75% (403.75 KLD) of the total effluent generation

• The estimated condensate from multiple effect evaporators comes to be 60 KLD and as such the total recovery of water for the entire system works out to be 92.75% (463.75 KLD)

• The capital cost of primary treatment, RO technology and, evaporators and crystalliser is Rs. 45 lakhs, 92 lakhs, 55 lakhs respectively. When expressed as Rs./KL, the capital cost comes to be, (i) Rs. 9000/KL, for primary treatment, (ii) Rs. 27,400/KL fort he primary and RO system, and (iii) Rs. 38,400/KL for the entire treatment and recycling system

• The estimated annual burden on account or primary treatment alone is Rs. 29.93 lakh/year. Annual burden goes up to Rs. 63.29 lakhs/year with primary and RO system. The entire treatment system i.e. primary, RO evaporation and crystallization pus annual


burden of Rs. 103.05 lakh per year • Annual burden to turnover ratios in respect of the three sets of treatment works out to be, (i)

2.99% for primary treatment, (ii) 6.33% for primary and RO system, and (iii) 10.30% for the entire treatment and recycling plant

• Recurring cost for treatment waste waster using primary treatment comes to be Rs. 13.46 per KL. When primary treatment and RO system are put together, the recurring cost goes up to 23.07 per KL. With all the treatment units (primary + RO + Evaporation crystallize) this cost comes to be Rs. 41.53 per KL of wastewater

• The industry recovers water and glauber salt, which gives returns of Rs. 76.54 lakhs per year 6.8 Limitations of Advance Treatment Methods For advance treatment like reverse osmosis, different units such as sand filter, activated carbon adsorption, iron and manganese filter etc. may be required to meet the feed effluent requirement. Maintaining desired effluent quality at each stage requires regular monitoring. The treatment system requires trained manpower to operate. In some cases suppliers man the system. Activated carbon and other media are periodically required to be replaced or regenerated. Regeneration is a specialized operation. Performance of membrane filtration largely depends on the performance of primary treatment system. Consistency in primary treatment system is of prime importance. The evaporators used for effluent volume reduction or concentration is not free from trouble. They require frequent cleaning to remove scale deposition on tube walls. Reverse osmosis technology is extensively being used for water purification and now gained importance in wastewater treatment as well. The filtration methods do need to dispose high concentrated wastewater produced as reject. 6.9 Recommendations of CPCB for Effluent Management in Textile Industries Textile industry effluent can be treated with or without segregation of effluent streams. Treatment of effluent streams collectively can give recovery of water but the recovery of salt may not be feasible. Segregation of effluent streams on other hand makes it possible to recover both water and salts. The highly polluting effluent streams such as spent dye bath has low volume, which is normally 10 per cent of the total effluent discharge. Low polluting streams like wash water contributes the remaining 90 per cent of effluent. In plant house keeping measures reduce the volume of the effluents. Segregation of these streams could be so managed that low polluting stream contains nominal dissolved solids so that it meets quality requirement for its reuse or disposal after treatment. Advance treatment methods can be appropriately applied to manage both the effluent streams.


For effective management of effluent in textile industries, some options are as below:

• The highly polluting effluent stream can be segregated and evaporated after primary

treatment system. As volume is less, cost of treatment will be less. The other low polluting streams can be given primary/secondary/tertiary treatment to meet the disposal standards or for use in industry for appropriate operations. With the application of reverse osmosis, the effluent stream can be made suitable for reuse in production process itself. The reject stream of reverse osmosis to is be treated along with high polluting effluent stream which can be evaporated

• Spent dye bath effluent can be segregated and treated with recovery of salt. This effluent can be treated using a primary treatment followed by evaporation and crystallization. Glauber salt (Sodium Sulphate decahydrate, Na2SO4.10H2O) based dyeing enables recovery of the salt. The other effluent stream i.e. wash water can be treated separately in primary/secondary/tertiary treatment to meet the disposal standards or for reuse. It can also be treated with reverse osmosis system to recover and recycle water.

• Segregate spent dye bath effluent from wash water streams for further treatment. Dye bath effluent is to be treated using a Nan filtration system and wash water effluent with reverse osmosis. Nano filtration allows maximum passage of the salt with no colour in the permeate. As such, the permeate can be directly recycled back to dye bath so as to minimize fresh addition of salt. For this option, common salt (Sodium Chloride, NaCl) is advised for usage in dyeing process. The rejects of reverse osmosis and Nano filtration can be disposed of through evaporation system.

• The effluent stream arising out of textile processing can be collectively treated using primary/secondary/tertiary treatment to meet the disposal standards. In case, wastewater is planned for reuse, and then treated water can be treated with the use of reverse osmosis or other methods. The reject stream of reverse osmosis can be disposed of through evaporation system. But this option increases treatment costs due to large volume of waste

For further information, please refer document on “Advance Methods of Treatment of Textile Industry Effluents” by Central pollution Control Board

Good Practices

Textile processing units, particularly wet processing units consume large quantities of water and discharge large quantities of wastes. Also, uses various chemicals and dyes, which can harm the environment. There are opportunities of using alternative chemicals and reducing generation of wastes from process by adopting CP techniques. This chapter outlines some of the measures based on the literature survey. 7.0 Use of Alternative Dyes A number of dyes have been banned from use due to their potentially toxic, mutagenic or carcinogenic properties. Some of the dyes are known to release amines during processing. Due to carcinogenic potential of these amines, many dyes are being banned or suggested to go alternative dyes in many countries. List of alternatives for such potentially dangerous dyes are given hereunder Table. 7.0 Usage of Alternative Dyes

Safer Alternatives for Banned Disperse Dyes

Banned Disperse Dye CI Number Alternative CI Number

Disperse Yellow 7 23660 Disperse Yellow 15 Disperse Yellow 23 22130 Disperse Orange 102 29156 Disperse Blue 12 3900 Disperse Red 81 28160 Disperse Orange 50 22145 Disperse Red 120 25275 Disperse Yellow 24 29185 Disperse Yellow 23 29160 Disperse Yellow 46 23050 Disperse Yellow 31 29100 Disperse Yellow 62 29175 Disperse Yellow 4 29165 Disperse Yellow 1 22570 Disperse Violet 66 29120 Disperse Yellow 2 22311 Disperse Yellow 112 29166 Disperse Yellow 29 22580 Disperse Yellow 51 27720

Safer Alternatives for Banned Acid Dyes

Banned Acid Dye CI Number Alternative CI Number

Acid Orange 45 22195 Acid Orange 1914690 Acid Red 4 14710 Acid Red 157 17990 Acid Red 5 14905 Acid Red 191 14730

CHAPTER 7


Acid Red 24 16140 17900 Acid Red 26 16150 Acid Red 24785 Acid Red 115 27200 Acid Red 37 17045 Acid Red 49 42640 Acid Violet 72 42665 Acid Red 12 18075 Acid Violet 13 16640 Acid Black 94 30336 Acid Black 24 26370

Safer Alternatives for Banned Direct Dyes

Banned Direct Dye CI Number Alternative CI Number

Direct Yellow 48 23660 Direct Yellow 15 Direct Orange 8 22130 Direct Orange 102 29156 Direct Red 2 23900 Direct Red 81 28160 Direct Red 10 22145 Direct Red 120 25275 Direct Red 24 29185 Direct Red 23 9160 Direct Red 46 23050 Direct Red 31 29100 Direct Red 62 29175 Direct Red 4 29165 Direct Violet 1 22570 Direct Violet 66 29120 Direct Brown 2 22311 Direct Brown 112 29166 Direct Black 29 22580 Direct Black 51 22720 Source: Environmental Quick Scan Textiles, complied for CBI and SIDA by Consultancy and Research for Environmental Management, Published by CBI, SIDA, VIVO, 1996

7.1 Use of Alternative Pigments used in Printing Below table provides alternative pigments for potentially dangerous suspected pigments Table 7.1 Safer Alternatives for Suspected pigments

Suspected Pigment CI Number Alternative CI Number Pigment Orange 50 20170 Pigment Orange 38 Pigment Yellow 12 21090 Pigment Yellow 147 12367 Pigment Yellow 63 21091 Pigment Yellow 148 50600 Pigment Yellow 126 21101 Pigment Yellow 5 11660 Pigment Red 39 21080 Pigment Red 87 73310 Pigment Yellow 176 21103 Pigment Yellow 101 48052 Pigment Yellow 114 21092 Pigment Yellow 10 12710 Source: Environmental Quick Scan Textiles, complied for CBI and SIDA by Consultancy and Research for Environmental Management, Published by CBI, SIDA, VIVO, 1996

7.2 Chemical Substitution Following alternative chemicals may be considered to reduce environmental impacts of chemicals released to environment


Table 7.2 Chemical Substitutions Possible in Textile Processing Process Chemical Substitute

Sizing Starch based wrap sizes by PVA Acrylates or partial substitution

Desizing Scouring Acid Hydrogen Peroxide and enzymes

Aqueous Scouring Alkylphenol Ethoxylates TSP, NaOH Fatty alcohol ethoxylates Sodium Carbonate

Detergent Souring Alkyl benzene sulphonates Fatty alkyl sulphates Polyglycolether

Light Scouring NTA, EDTA Zeolites (sodium aluminium Silicate)

Bleaching Reductive sulphur bleaches Peroxide bleaches Chlorine compounds Peroxide Bleaches

Dyeing Benzidine based dyestuffs and other amine releasing dyes

Mineral/pigment dyes single class dyes like indigsol, pigments, reactives

Dichromate used for oxidation in vat and sulphur dyes

Peroxide, air oxygen, metal free agents

Acetic acid in the dyeing bath Formic acid Dispersants for dyes and chemicals Water based system Copper sulphate used to treat direct dyes

Polymeric compounds

Dye powder in automatic injection Liquid dyes Sodium hydrosulphite Stabilized sodium

hydrosulphite Aldehyde and toxic metallic salts used as auxiliaries

High molecular weight polymeric auxiliaries

Sodium sulphide Glucose based reducing agents

Printing Kerosene or white spirit Water based systems Finishing Formaldehyde Poly carboxylic acid Alkyl phenol Fatty alcoholethyoxylates Anti-wrinkle finishing

Dimethylol dihydroxyethylene urea (Poly carboxylic acids mainly 1,2,3,4 butane tetra carboxylic acid) Glyoxales

Flame retardant finishing

Asbestos, Halogenated compounds like, bromated diphenylethers (PBDEs) and heavy metal containing compounds

Inorganic salts and phosphonates

Preservation finishing

Biocides such as chlorinated phenols (PCP), metallic salts (As, Zn, Cu or Hg), DDE, DDT, Benzothiazole

UV Treatment, mechanical or enzymatic finishing

Source: Textile Sector Part A (http://www.eeaa.gov.eg.seam/Manuals/TextilesectorReport/content.htm)

http://www.eeaa.gov.eg.seam/Manuals/TextilesectorReport/content.htm�


7.3 Cleaner Technologies & Processes Following alternative process technologies can reduce overall load at source

(Source: United Nations Environment Programme Technical Report No. 16)

Source: Water and chemical use in the Textile Dyeing and Finishing Industry (GG62 Guide) (http://www.envirowise.gov.uk/uk.html)

• Single-stage desizing-scouring-bleaching processes for processing cellulosics and their blends with synthetics

• Solvent-aided scouring and bleaching processes • Activated peroxide bleaching taking chemically-treated goods straight into a peroxide

bath through the washing machine

• Dyeing-sizing of warp yarns for denim-style products • Hot mercerization in place of conventional cold mercerization, often enabling the

elimination of separate scouring treatment. • Combined disperse and reactive/direct colour dyeing of blended fabrics containing low

percentages of cellulosics • Use of padding method in place of exhaust methods for dyeing, wherever possible • Use of bicarbonate in a peroxide bath for vat oxidation to convert caustic alkalinity into

carbonate alkalinity for its easier removal. Alkalinity requires a plentiful supply of water • Electrolytic process for the dyeing of vat colors and reduction-clearing of disperse-colour

printed synthetic fabrics • Dry-heat fixation techniques for the development of Rapidogen prints in place of the

conventional acid-steaming method • Direct finishing of pigment-printed goods and direct carbonising of disperse-printed

goods without intermediate washing

• The pre-treatment of cellulosic fibres with cationic compounds increases the degree of fixation for reactive dyestuffs

• The alkaline dyeing process for polyester fibres offers shorter dyeing cycles by avoiding pH changes, and improved quality by reducing oligomer problems.

• Computer systems to control the dyeing process and optimize recipes. Programs to take account of varying liquor ratios and calculate the optimum pH, salt, alkali and other chemical levels. Other factors such as fibre, temperature, time and dye-house structure to be accommodated in these programming

• In rotary screen printing, up to 8.5 kg of colour or print paste can be present in the pipe between the dye tank and squeegee blade. This will be ‘lost’ when the pipe is cleaned out at changeover. Reduced-diameter pipe work and reverse compressed air injection have reduced this loss to just 1.5 kg

• Wash water use for squeegee cleaning can be reduced from 100 liters per squeegee by replacing manual washing with automatic high pressure water cleaning

http://www.envirowise.gov.uk/uk.html�


7.4 Chemical Recovery & Re-Use Options The recovery and re-use of chemicals are to be explored in the following areas:

• The re-use of dye solutions from the dye bath; • The recovery of caustic after the mercerizing process; • The recovery of size in cotton processing (in practice this is limited to integrated

operations which apply and remove size) In conventional dyeing, usually only the dye and a few specialty chemicals are totally consumed during the process. Most of the chemicals remain in the dye bath and are discarded with it. The feasibility of dye bath re-use depends on dye, colour, shade and whether dyeing is carried out in a batch or a continuous process. In some cases, dye baths can be re-used at least 5 - 10 times (in other cases up to 25 times) until the build-up of impurities limits further re-use. 7.5 Water Conservation Measures Repair leaks, faulty valves etc Establish maintenance checklists and set priorities for repair, depending on the severity of the fault. Remember that small, constant leaks may look insignificant but the associated water loss can be substantial, especially if multiplied over a whole site. Remember, too, that leaks continue for 24 hours/day, seven days/week. Turn off running taps and hoses This simple procedure can result in substantial savings. People are often unaware of the cost of leaving taps and hoses running. They are more likely to turn off running taps and hoses if they are made aware of the annual cost of waste. Meanwhile, fixing hand triggers to hoses is a simple way of reducing water use and saving money. Water Conservation Measures • Installing water meters to monitor water use, • Using automatic shut-off nozzles and marking hand-operated valves in such a way that open, close and directed-flow positions are easily identified • Using high-pressure, low volume-cleaning systems, such as CIP (clean in place) for washing equipment • Installing liquid level controls with automatic pump stops where overflow is not likely to occur • Recycling cooling water through cooling towers • Minimizing spills on the floor minimizes floor washing in the dye house • Repairing leaks in the water pipe network • Handling solid waste dry • Recycling steam condensate whenever possible


• Using technologies which do not require large quantities of water, such as low dye bath ratio, high pressure steam washing and plasma cleaning of fabrics Process Water Re-Use Options Significant savings can be made in textile processing industries by recovering and re-using of water at processes itself. Few areas where these options can be examined by the units are out lined hereunder: • Recycling of final wash water after H2O2 bleaching as a wash water for second scouring

step or for earlier bleaching steps • Reusing bleaching wash water to start another bleaching batch • Re-use of hot bleach water for starting optical brightening batch • Re-use of optical brightening wash water to start another batch of optical brightening batch • Final wash water of cone scouring and bleaching can be used as wash water for scouring

and bleaching • Cold rinse water used after scouring step for sulphur black dying can be used for the

reduction step • Re-use of hydrosulphite wash water for another batch of hydrosulphite batch • Re- use of clarified print wash water in washing and blankets and screens of the print

machine 7.6 Energy Conservation Measures • Insulation of steam pipelines • Insulation of steam traps • Repairing or replacing steam valves • Maximizing boiler efficiency by periodical maintaiance • Re-use of condensate • Adoption of low temperature dying & printing • Installing pressure regulators on steam lines • Monitoring the rate of energy consumption for the factory (KWH/kg product) and

comparing it with the international standards • Reducing the rate of end breaks per thousand spindle per hour on the spinning machine,

because the production / hour increases while the energy consumption is constant, resulting in lower specific energy consumption

• Optimizing the level of light intensity, and avoiding bright lighting of work area 7.7 Establish a Waste Management Team The first step is to include a waste management team with the responsibility, commitment and resources for implementing water, chemicals, and effluent management programme. The stages for implementing water, chemical and effluent management programme are: • Establish a management team


• Plan the programme (resources, targets and time scales) • Carryout an audit to establish water and chemicals use and effluent production • Identify all opportunities for reducing the consumption of water and chemicals • Assess the feasibility of options • Implement the solutions • Monitor the implemented options • Report the progress and cost savings to the work force and to management • Manage the initiate to sustain and increase savings

Checklists

8.0 Checklist for CTE

A. Documentation Check List

S.No. Document Yes No Remarks 01. Completely filled application form

duly signed by authorized signatory

02. Document authorizing the applicant for signing application and other documents

03. Copy of memorandum of article of Association/Partnership deed

04. Demand Draft for consent fee 05. Copy of the DIC Registration or

enlistment/copy of SIA acknowledgement

06. Copy of the duly signed project report

07. Certificate from Chartered Accountant for capital investment (In case capital investment is 25 lakhs or more)

08. Copy of letter of land allotment/conversion letter from the competent authority

09. Copy of the site plan 10. Report on the proposed pollution

control measures (For all Red category units and large/medium scale units in Orange category)

11. Undertaking in the prescribed format on non-judicial stamp paper of RS. 10/- only duly attested by notary public

CHAPTER 8


B. Environmental Check List

General 12.

Category of industry (Red/Orange/Others)

13. Requirement of Consent To Establish (Water Act only/ Air Act only/ Both Acts)

Land Environment

14. Whether location falls under

restrictions on development projects in Aravali region and Mount Abu zone?

15. Whether the proposed site falls with in critically polluted area identified by CPCB?

16. Whether adequate land provision is made for establishment of treatment system, disposal of effluents, storage of HW solids and development of green belt

17. Whether the proposed project is in conformity with the approved master plan/development plan of the area, if any?

Water Environment

18. Whether estimation of water demand

for peak requirement is assessed?

19. Whether reliable source of water for peak demand is identified?

20. Whether it is proposed to use ground water? If yes, whether NOC from CGWA is required as per the norms? If yes, whether NOC from CGWA obtained?

21. Whether any rainwater harvesting structures proposed to re-charge ground water?


22. Whether stream wise estimation of effluent is assessed (quantity & critical parameters)?

23. Whether segregation of effluent is planned?

24. What is the mode of effluent conveyance from source to ETP (closed or open)?

25. Whether precautionary measures to avoid direct mixing of rainwater with effluent streams is proposed?

26. Whether ETP and storage tanks are planned below ground level or above ground level?

27. Whether adequate safety measures are proposed to avoid contamination of ground water due to leakages/spillages from the ETP and storage tanks?

28. Whether on site ETP is proposed? If yes, whether ETP is designed to meet the norms of the Board?

29. Whether separate energy meter is planned for ETP?

30. Whether requirement of alternative power supply for the continuous operation of ETP is assessed?

31. Whether meters to record the wastewater generated/recycled etc are planned?

32. Whether proposal for water conservation measures such as reduce/recycle/reuse are explored?

33. Whether it is proposed to send the effluent to CETP? If yes, pre treatment details to meet inlet standards of CETP. Whether CETP is having CTO/HWA of the Board? What is the mode of conveyance of the effluent from the unit to CETP?

34. Whether adequate impervious storage facility is provided for storing pretreated water ( disposal to CETP) and treated effluents( In house ETP)?


35. Whether adequate number of water meters proposed to record the water consumption as per cess criteria?

36. Whether all outlet(s) are properly reported?

37. Whether adequate storm water drainage is planned and measures taken to avoid contamination of storm water?

Air Environment

38. Whether all sources of air pollution

identified and included in CTE application?

39. Whether sampling ports proposed for chimneys as per guidelines given in emission standards of CPCB?

40. Whether minimum stack height is proposed as per the norms?

41. Whether fugitive emission sources identified and if so measures proposed?

Hazardous Wastes

42. Whether all sources of hazardous

wastes are identified/ quantified/ categorized as per the norms?

43. Whether adequate provisions made for collection and storage of hazardous waste?

44. Whether proposed method of disposal of hazardous wastes is identified? Recycling/on site land fill facility/on site incineration /common incinerator / TSDF / authorized re-cyclers

45. Whether pre treatment is required before land filling?


46. If it is proposed to dispose at common treatment facility, name of the facility and whether the common facility is having CTO/HWA of the Board? Whether the facility is having capacity and pre treatment (if required) to handle the waste from the unit?

47. Mode of transportation of HW from the unit to TSDF?

Noise Environment

48. Whether noise due to unit operations

and DG set is addressed?

Green belt

49. Whether EMP outlined the green belt

development?

50. Whether soil suitability for the development of green belt is addressed?

Dye Management

51. Whether specific commitment is given

on compliance of notification on “ Prohibition of handling of Azodyes”?

8.1 Checklist for CTO & HWA

A. Documentation Check List

01. Completely filled application form

duly signed by authorized signatory

02. Document authorizing the applicant for signing application and other documents

03. Demand Draft for consent fee 04. Undertaking in the prescribed format

on non-judicial stamp paper of RS. 10/- only duly attested by notary public


05. Certificate from Chartered Accountant for capital investment (In case capital investment is 25 lacs or more)

B. Environmental Check List

General 06. Category of industry

(Red/Orange/Others)

07. Requirement of Consent To Establish (Water Act only/ Air Act only/ Both Acts)

08. Whether the unit applied for the same line of products and capacity as per CTE (in case of first CTO) or CTO (in case of renewal of CTO)?

09. Whether any change in the categorization of the unit due to expansion/modernization or due to change in the Board guidelines?

10. Whether Document proof for capital investment as on 31.3……….. is furnished?

11. Is there any change in capital investment with reference to previous CTE/CTO application?

12. Whether any HW is generated? If yes, whether correct CTO fee paid?

13. Whether copy of the environmental statement (in case of renewal of CTO) is furnished?

14. Whether copy of Annual return of HW is furnished?

Consent To Operate

15. Whether report of compliance of the

CTE conditions (for first CTO) / CTO conditions (for the renewal of consent) are submitted?

16. Whether any amendment to CTE/CTO conditions is sought?

17. Whether environmental monitoring reports (in case of renewal CTO) are furnished?


18. Whether any court judgment issued against the unit? If yes, whether compliance report/ status report furnished?

19. Whether the unit falls under the purview of “Self assessment Scheme – Cess”? If yes, whether cess paid as per the RSPCB scheme (in case of CTO renewal)

20. Whether the unit filed the cess returns as per the requirements? Cess returns filed up to…. and cess paid up to… and copies are furnished?

21. Whether the unit is claiming the cess rebate?

22. Whether any change in the quantity of water requirement?

23. Whether any change in the quantity of effluent generated and disposal mechanism?

24. Whether the EMP implemented as per the CTE / CTO application?

25. Whether any change in the pollution control systems?

26. Whether water meters provided? 27. Whether energy meters for Pollution

Control Systems are provided?

28. Whether the unit is a member of CETP? If yes, whether details such as name of CETP, manifest maintained, details of the quantity of effluent sent to CETP (monthly basis for the last 12 months) are furnished?

29. Whether CETP issued any notice to the unit for not meeting the in let standards and or any time rejected the effluent? If yes, details to be furnished.

30. Whether all sources of air pollution are identified and included in CTO application? Whether any changes in sources and APC system from that CTE/CTO given earlier?

31. Whether measures adopted for abatement of noise pollution identified?


32. Whether green belt provided as submitted in the CTE/CTO application?

33. Whether the unit had complied the Notification of prohibition on handling of Azodyes?

34. Whether unit had implemented any CPC or identified CPC for implementation?

35. Whether the unit provided trained manpower for the operation of ETP?

Hazardous Waste Authorization

36. Whether HW quantities are furnished

for different categories as per the norms?

37. Whether report of compliance of the previous HWA conditions is submitted in case of renewal of HWA?

38. Whether provisions made for collection and storage of hazardous waste?

39. Whether proposed method of disposal of hazardous wastes is identified? Recycling/on site land fill facility/on site incineration /common incinerator /TSDF/ authorized re-cyclers

40. Whether pre treatment is required before land filling?

41. If it is proposed to dispose at common treatment facility, name of the facility and whether the common facility is having CTO/HWA of the Board? Whether the facility is having capacity and pre treatment (if required) to handle the waste from the unit?

42. Mode of transportation of HW from the unit to TSDF?

43. Whether the unit is proposing to dispose within 90 days provision or any specific time frame to dispose the low quantity waste is furnished?


44. Whether hazardous waste manifests are maintained for all types of hazardous wastes given in authorization?

======================================================================

Annexures ======================================================================


Annexure - 1

Performa Affidavit for CTE/CTO

I, _______________ (with name and designation) S/o Shri __________________ Resident of __________________ do solemnly affirm and declare as under:-

1. That I am responsible for establishing / operating the unit named M/s. _________________________ (Name & address of the unit).

2. That I, ____________________ (with name and designation) am authorized to sign the consent application form and other enclosures with the application.

3. That the plot area of the unit is ____________________ Sq. Meters.

4. That the number of workers to carry out various activities in the unit is _________________________.

5. That the total number of employees proposed in the unit is _______________.

6. That the total capital investment on the project is Rs. _________________.

7. That this Consent to Establish/Operate is being obtained for manufacturing of/providing service for ________________ up to _________________ per year. In case of any increase/change in capacity or addition/modification/alteration or change in process or raw material or project or discharge points, we will obtain fresh Consent to Establish.

8. That the quantity of trade/domestic effluent shall not exceed __________ KLD. The mode of disposal shall be ________________. In case of any increase in quantity of effluent or alteration in outlet or mode of disposal, we shall obtain prior consent from the Board.

OR

That there will no effluent discharge from the premises (applicable only in the case of dry units).

9. That the industry is a small/medium/large scale unit with SSI Registration No. / DGTD Registration No. /Letter to Intent No. ___________________.

10. That all adequate measures for control / treatment / disposal of water/air pollution and Hazardous solid waste from the various processes/activities will be taken to meet the prescribed standards as per the Environment (Protection) Rules, 1986 as amended to date and/ or as stipulated by the RSPCB.


11. That adequate pollution control measures will be provided to comply the norms

12. That if Diesel Generator Sets (of capacity 5 KVA or more) shall be installed it will be Eco-Friendly or with inbuilt acoustic enclosures to meet the prescribed norms w.r.t. noise as per the Gazette Notification on Ministry of Environment & Forests, Government of India dated 2.1.1999. Adequate stack height with D.G. Set(s) shall also be provided and maintained and shall submit noise monitoring report.

13. That all orders and directions issued by the Board from time to time shall be complied with.

14. That the name and addresses of Managing Director or other working Directors or Partner shall be given ____________ under. Any change there of shall be intimation immediately to the State Board.

DEPONENT VERIFICATION

Verified at _____________ on this __________ (day, month and year) that the above contents of this affidavit are true and correct to the best of my knowledge and belief and nothing has been concealed there from.

DEPONENT

Note: The aforementioned Affidavit must be duly signed by the Deponent and duly attested by the Notary Public thereof.

Note: Please omit whatever is not applicable.


Annexure-2

Consent To Establish Fee (Schedule IV) - Water Act SCHEDULE IV (See rule 29) Part I Fee for Industries other than Mining Units

S. No Capital Investment of the Industry Consent Fee to Establish (Rs)

(Rs.) Appendix A Appendix B Other than Appendix A and B

1 Upto 5 Lacs 3,000 2,000 1,000

2 More than 5 Lacs upto 10 Lacs 4,500 3,000 1,500



5 More than 50 Lacs upto 1 Crore 15,000 10,000 5,000

6 More than 1 Crore upto 5 Crore 18,000 12,000 6,000





11 More than 100 Crore upto 250 Crore 1,05,000 70,000 35,000


13 More than 500 Crore upto 750 Crore 1,50,000 1,00,000 50,000


15 Above 1000 Crore 2,25,000 1,50,000 75,000 Refer Notification dated 10th December, 2010 for details, DoE, Rajasthan

Note: 1. The categorization of the projects is as Notified by the DOE, Government of Rajasthan vide dated

10th December, 2010 2. All projects requiring environmental clearance under the Environmental (Protection) Act, 1986 shall

pay an extra amount of Rs. 15,000/- as one time consent fee to establish in addition to that mentioned in Schedule.

3. All industries/process/projects/activities generating HW as defined under the HW (MH&TM) Rules 2008 and requiring authorization thereunder, the application for consent shall be accompanied with fee equal to one and half times of the amount of fee prescribed under the schedule, other than th HW covered under category 5.1 of schedule 1 of HW (MH&TM) Rules 2008 if the quantity of waste /used /spent oil is < 5 KL per annum


Annexure- 3

Consent To Establish Fee (Schedule IV) - Air Act SCHEDULE (See rule 5) Part I Fee for Industries other than Mining Units

S. No Capital Investment of the Industry Consent Fee to Establish (Rs)

(Rs.) Appendix A Appendix B Other than Appendix A and B

1 Upto 5 Lacs 3,000 2,000 1,000




5 More than 50 Lacs upto 1 Crore 15,000 10,000 5,000










15 Above 1000 Crore 2,25,000 1,50,000 75,000 Refer DOE, Rajasthan Notification dated 10th December, 2010 for details

Note: 1. The categorization of the projects is as Notified by the DOE, Government of Rajasthan vide dated 10th

December, 2010 2. All projects requiring environmental clearance under the Environmental (Protection) Act, 1986 shall

pay an extra amount of Rs. 15,000/- as one time consent fee to establish in addition to that mentioned in Schedule.

3. All industries/process/projects/activities generating HW as defined under the HW (MH&TM) Rules 2008 and requiring authorization thereunder, the application for consent shall be accompanied with fee equal to one and half times of the amount of fee prescribed under the schedule, other than th HW covered under category 5.1 of schedule 1 of HW (MH&TM) Rules 2008 if the quantity of waste /used /spent oil is < 5 KL per annum


Annexure- 4

Areas as Identified by CGWA as – Safe Areas, Semi – Critical Areas, Critical Areas & Over Exploited Areas

S.No District No of Blocks Safe Semi-Critical Critical Over-Exploited

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

1 Ajmer 8 1.kekri 2. Masuda

1.Arain 2.Bhinai 3.jawala 4,.3Peesangan 5.Silora 6.srinagar

2 Alwar 14 1.Thanagaji

1.Bahror 2.Bansur 3.ktathumar 4. kishangarhbas 5.kotkasim 6.Laxmangarh 7.Mandawar 8.Neemrana 9.Rajgarh 10.Ramgarh 11.Raini 12.Tijara 13.Umrain

3 Banswara 8 1. Pipalkunt

1.Anandpuri 2.Bagidaura 3.Ghatol 4.Kushalgarh 5.Sajjangarh 6.Talwara

Gadi

4 Baran 7 1. Chhabra 2.kishangarh 3. Shabad

1.chhipabarod 1.Anta 1.Atru 2.Baran

5 Barmer 8 1.Chuhtan 2.Singhri

1.Bayatu 2. Balotra 3.Dhorimanna 4.Shiva

6 Bharatpur 9

1. Deeg 2. Kaman 3. Kumher 4. Nagar 5. Rupwas

1.Bayana 1. Nadbai 2. Sewar 3. Weir

7 Bhilwara 11 1. Kotadi 2. Shaara 3. Shahpura

1.Asind 2.Baneda 3.Hurda


4.Jahajpur 5.Mandal 6.Mandalgarh 7.Raipur 8.suwana

8

Bikaner

5

1. Lunkaransar 2. Kolayat

- -

1. Dungargarh

1. Bikaner 2. Nokha

9

Bundi

4

-

1. Kesorai Patan 2. Talera

1. Hindoli 2. Nainwa

10

Chittorgarh

14

-

1. Bhainsrorgarh

-

1. Amod 2. Bari Sadri 3. Begun 4. Bhadesar 5. Bhopalsagar 6. Chhotisadri 7. Chittorgarh 8. Dungla 9. Gangrar 10. Kapasan 11. Nimbahera 12. Pratapgarh 13. Rashmi

11

Churu

6

1. Churu 2. Atangarh 3. Sardarshahar

-

1. Sujangarh

1. Rajgarh

12

Dausa

5

1. Bandikui 2. Dausa 3. Lalsot 4. Mahua 5. Sirai

13

Dholpur

4

1. Bari

1. Baseri

1. Dholpur 2. Rajakhera

14

Dungarpur

5

1. Aspur

1. Bichhiwara 2. Dungarpur

1. Sagwara 2. Simalwara

15

Ganganagar

7

1. Anupgarh 2. Ganganagar 3. Karanpur 4. Padampur 5. Raisingh nagar 6. Sadulshahar 7. Suratgarh


16

Hanumangarh

3

1. Bhadra 2. Hanumangarh 3. Nohar

17

Jaipur

13

1. Dudu 2. Phagi

1. Amer 2. Bairath 3. Bassi 4. Chaksu 5. Govindgarh 6. Jamwa Ramgarh 7. Jhotwara 8. Kotputli 9. Sambher 10. Sanganer 11. Shahpura

18

Jaisalmer

3

1. Sam

1. Jaisalmer 2. Sankra

19

Jalore

7

1. Ahore 2. Bhinmal 3. Jalore 4. Jaswantpura 5. Raniwara 6. Sanchore 7. Sayla

20

Jhalawar

6

1. Bakani 2. Dag 3. Jhalra Patan 4. Khanpur

1. Manoha Thana 2. Pirawa

21

Jhunjhunu

8

1. Alsisar

1. Bhuhana 2. Chirawa 3. Jhunjhunu 4. Khetri 5. Nawalgarh 6. Surajgarh 7. Udaipurwati

22

Jodhpur

9

1. Bap

1. Phalodi

1. Luni 2. Shergarh

1. Balesar 2. Bhopalgarh 3. Bilara 4. Mandore 5. Osaian

23

Karauli

5

1. Nadauti

1. Sapotra

1. Hindaun 2. Karauli 3. Todabhim

24

Kota

5

1. Sultanpur

1. Itawa 2. Khairabad 3. Ladpura 4. Sangod


25

Nagaur

11

1. Nagaur

1. Ladnu

1. Jayal 2. Makrana

1. Degana 2. Didwana 3. Kuchaman 4. Merla 5. Mundwa 6. Parbaisar 7. Riyan

26

Pali

10

1. Bali 2. Desuri 3. Pali 4. Raipur 5. Rohit

1. Jaitaran 2. Kharchi 3. Rani 4. Sojat 5. Sumerpur

27

Rajsamand

7

1. Railmagra 2. Rajsamand

1. Amet 2. Bhim 3. Deogarh 4. Khamnor 5. Kumbhalgarh

28

Sawaimadhopur

5

1. Bamanwas 2. Bonli 3. Khandar

1. Gangapur 2. Sawai Madhopur

29

Sikar

8

1. Fatehpur

1. Danta Ramgarh 2. Dhod 3. Khandella 4. Lachhmangarh 5. Neem Ka Thana 6. Piprali 7. Sri Madhopur

30

Sirohi

5

1. Abu Road 2. Pindwara 3. Sirohi

1. Reodar 2. Sheoganj

31

Tonk

6

1. Deoli 2. Malpura 3. Newai 4. Toda Rai Singh 5. Tonk

1. Untara

32

Udaipur

11

1. Kherwara 2. Kotra 3. Sarada

1. Badgaon 2. Bhinder 3. Dhariawad 4. Girwa 5. Gogunda 6. Jhadot 7. Mavli 8. Salumber

Total 237 32 14 50 140 (Source: CGWA No: 21-4/Guidelines/CGWA/2009-832 dated 14.10. 2009)


Annexure - 5

Sector Specific Environmental Standards S.No. Industry Parameter Standard

Concentration not to exceed, milligrams per liter (except for pH and bioassay)

2 Man-Made Fibres (Synthetic)*

Suspended solids 100

Bio-chemical oxygen demand [BOD 3 days at 27oC]

30

pH 5.5 to 9.0

* S.No 60 may also be referred 6 Cotton Textile Industries

(Composite and Processing)

Common pH 5.5 to 9 Suspended solids 100 Bio-Chemical Oxygen

Demand1[3days at 27oC]

150

Oil and grease 10 Bio-assay test 90% survival of fish of

after 96 hours Special: Total chromium as (Cr) 2 Sulphide (as S) 2 Phenolic compounds (as C4H2OH)

5

The special parameters are to be stipulated by the Central Board in case of Union territories and State Boards in case of States depending upon the dye used in the industry. Where the industry uses chrome dyes, sulphur dyes and/or phenolic compounds in the dyeing/printing process, the limits on chromium of 2 mg/litre, sulphides of 2 mg/litre and phenolic compounds of 5 mg/litre respectively shall be imposed. Where the quality requirement of the recipient system so warrants, the limit of BOD should be lowered upto 30 according to the requirement by the State Boards for the States and the Central Board for the union territories. The State Boards should impose a limit on sodium absorption ratio of 26 for the States and the Central Board for the Union territories if the disposal of effluent is to be made on land.


7 Composite Woolen Mills

Concentration not be exceed, milligrams per later (except for pH and bioassay)

Common: Suspended Solids 100

pH 5.5 to 9.0

Bio-chemical oxygen demand 1[3days at 27oC]

100

Oil and grease 10

Bio-assay 90% survival of fish after 96 hrs.

Special: Total chromium (as Cr) 2

Sulphide (as S) 2

Phenolic Compounds (as C6H5OH)

5

The special parameters are to be stipulated by the Central Board in case of Union territories and State Boards in case of State depending upon the dye used in the industry. Where the industry uses chrome dyes, sulphur dyes and or/phenolic compounds in the dyeing/printing process, the limits on chromium of 2 mg/litre, sulphides of 2 mg./litre and phenolic compounds of 5 mg/litre respectively shall be imposed. Where the quality requirement of the recipient system so warrants, the limit of BOD should be lowered upto 30 according to the requirement by the State Boards for the States and the Central Board for the Union territories. The State Boards should impose a limit on sodium absorption ratio of 26 for the States and the Central Board for the Union Territories if the disposal of the effluent is to be made on land.

60 Man-Made Fibres industry (Semi-Synthetic)

Effluent Concentration in mg/l except for pH

pH 5.5-9.0

Suspended solids 100

BOD [3 DAYS AT 27°C] 30

Zinc (as Zn) 1

Source: S.O. 844(E) dated 19th November 1986 amended G.S.R.422 (E) dated 19th May 1993


Annexure - 6

General Emission Standards S.No Parameter Standard

Concentration not to exceed in mg/Nm3 1 Particulate Matter (PM) 150 2 Total Fluoride 25 3 Asbestos 4 Fibres/cc and dust should not be more

than 2 mg/Nm3 4 Mercury 0.2 5 Chlorine 15 6 Hydrochloric acid vapour and mist 35 7 Sulphuric acid mist 50 8 Carbon monoxide 1% max. (v/v) 9 Lead 10 mg/Nm3 Source: G.S.R. 422(E) dated 19.05.1993 amended vide G.S.R 801 (E) dated 31.12.1993


Annexure - 7

Standards for Small Boilers

70 Small Boilers Steam Generating Capacity Particulate Matter Emission (mg/nm3)

Less than 2 ton/hr 1200* 2 to less than 10 800* 10 to less than 15 600* 15 and above 150** * To meet the respective standards, cyclone/multi cyclone is recommended as control equipment with the boiler

** To meet the standard, bag filter/ESP is recommended as control equipment with the boiler Note: 12% of CO2 correction shall be the reference value for particulate matter emission standards for all categories of boilers These limits shall supercede the earlier limits notified under Schedule I at serial number 34 of Environment (Protection) Act, 1986 vide notification GSR 742(E), dated 30th August, 1990 Stack Height for small Boilers For the small boilers using coal or liquid fuels, the required stack height with the boiler shall be calculated by using the formula H=14 Q0.3 Where: H—Total stack height in meters from the ground level : Q=SO2 emission rate in kg/hr In no case the stack height shall be less than 11 meters Where providing all stacks are not feasible using above formula the limit of 400 mg/Nm3 for SO2 emission shall be met by providing necessary control equipment with a minimum stack height of 11 meters

Source: G.S.R 176 (E) 02.04.1996


Annexure - 8

National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS)

S. No

Pollutant Time Weighted Average

Concentration in Ambient Air Industrial,

Residential, Rural and other areas

Ecologically sensitive area (notified by

central government)

Methods of measurement

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) 1 Sulphur dioxide

(SO2), μg/m3 Annual* 24 hours**

50 80

20 80

-Improved West & Gaeke -Ultraviolet fluorescence

2 Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2), μg/m3

Annual* 24 hours**

40 80

30 80

-Modified Jacob & Hochheiser (Na- arsenite) -Chemiluminescence

3 Particulate Matter (Size less than 10μm) or PM10μg/m3

Annual* 24 hours**

60 100

60 100

- Gravimetric - TOEM - Beta attenuation

4 Particulate Matter (Size less than 2.5μm) or PM2.5μg/m3

Annual* 24 hours**

40 60

40 60

- Gravimetric - TOEM - Beta attenuation

5 Ozone (O3) μg/m3

8 hours** 1 hour**

100 180

100 180

- UV photometric - Chemiluminescence - Chemical method

6 Lead (Pb) μg/m3 Annual* 24 hours**

0.50 1.0

0.50 1.0

-AAS/ICP method after sampling on EPM 2000 or equivalent filter paper -ED-XRF using Teflon filter

7 Carbon Monoxide (CO) mg/ m3

8 hours** 1 hour**

02 04

02 04

-Non Dispersive Infra Red (NDIR) spectroscopy

8 Ammonia (NH3) μg/m3

Annual* 24 hours**

100 400

100 400

- Chemiluminescence - Indophenol blue method

9 Benzene (C6H6) μg/m3

Annual* 05 05 -Gas chromatography based continuous analyzer -Adsorption and Desorption followed by GC analysis


10 Benzo(a)Pyrene (BaP) – particulate phase only, ng/m3

Annual* 01 01 -Solvent extraction followed by HPLC/GC analysis

11 Arsenic (As) ng/m3

Annual* 06 06 -AAS/ICP method after sampling on EPM 2000 or equivalent filter paper

12 Nickel (Ni) ng/m3

Annual* 20 20 -AAS/ICP method after sampling on EPM 2000 or equivalent filter paper

* Annual arithmetic mean of minimum 104 measurements in a year at a particular site taken twice a week 24 hourly at uniform intervals ** 24 hourly or 08 hourly or 01 hourly monitored values, as applicable, shall be complied with 98% of the time in a year. 2% of the time, they may exceed the limits but not on two consecutive days of monitoring. Note: Whenever and wherever monitoring results on two consecutive days of monitoring exceed the limits specified above for the respective category, it shall be considered adequate reason to institute regular or continuous monitoring and further investigation (Source: MoEF Notification dated 16th November 2009)


Annexure - 9 Noise Ambient Air Quality Standards

Area code Category of area Limits in db (A) Leq

Day time Night time A Industrial area 75 70 B Commercial area 65 55 C Residential area 55 45 D Silence zone 50 40

Note: 1. Day time shall mean from 6.00 a.m. to 10.00 p.m. 2. Night time shall mean from 10.00 p.m. to 6.00 a.m. 3. Silence zone is an area comprising not less than 100 meters around hospitals, educational institutions, courts, religious places or any other area, which is declared as such by the competent authority. 4. Mixed categories of areas may be declared as one of the four above-mentioned categories by the competent authority. * dB(A) Leq denotes the time weighted average of the level of sound in decibels on scale A which is relatable to human hearing. A “decibel” is a unit in which noise is measured. “A”, in dB(A) Leq, denotes the frequency weighting in the measurement of noise and corresponds to frequency response characteristics of the human ear. Leq: It is an energy mean of the noise level over a specified period. (Source: Noise pollution (Regulation and control) Rules, 2000)

,


Annexure - 10

Certificate of Capital Investment

(To be issued by C.A)

This is to certify that the total capital investment (without deprecation) made by the project proponent M/s………………………………………………….. for the project situated at. as on the end of the financial year 31st March of financial year …….is Rs ……………….. . The details of investment in various subheads are as follows S.No Item Investment in Lakhs 1 Land ………………………… 2 Building ………………………… 3 Plant & Machinery ………………………… 4 Miscellaneous fixed Assets ………………………… Total …………………………

Signature…………………………… ` Name:……………………….. Designation:……………………….. Name of firm:……………………….. Registration Number:………………………..

Date…. ……………………………

Note: In case of Limited company (public /private) or partnership firm please enclose copy of latest balance sheet In case of the project or any item of the project is taken on lease or on rent investment will include the cost of the item /project incurred by the owner / lessor


Annexure- 11

Consent To Operate Fee (Schedule IV) - Water Act

S. No. Capital investment (in Rs)

For Consent To Operate Appendix A Appendix B Other than Appendix A and B

For 1 Year

For 3 Years

For 1 Year

For 5 Years For 1 Year For 10 Years

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 Upto 5 Lacs 1400 4000 1200 5000 1000 90002 More than 5 lacs upto 10 lacs 2100 6000 1800 8000 1500 135003 More than 10 lacs upto 25 lacs 2800 8000 2400 11000 2000 180004 More than 25 lacs upto 50 lacs 4000 11000 3500 16000 3000 270005 More than 50 lacs upto 1 crore 4800 13000 4200 19000 3600 320006 More than 1 crore upto 5 crores 6400 17000 5600 25000 4800 430007 More than 5 crores upto 10

crores 8000 22000 7000 32000 6000 54000

8 More than 10 crores upto 25 crores 9600 26000 8400 38000 7200 65000







15 Above 1000 crores 61000 166000 53000 245000 42000 378000Ref: Notification dated 10th December 2010, DoE, Govt of Rajasthan

1. The categorization of the projects is as Notified by the DOE, Government of Rajasthan vide dated 10th December, 2010 2. All industries/process/projects/activities generating HW as defined under the HW (MH&TM) Rules 2008 and requiring authorization thereunder, the application for consent shall be accompanied with fee equal to one and half times of the amount of fee prescribed under the schedule, other than th HW covered under category 5.1 of schedule 1 of HW (MH&TM) Rules 2008 if the quantity of waste /used /spent oil is < 5 KL per annum 3. The Concessional fee for consent to operate shall only be applicable for the period as specified in the schedule and no concessional fee is applicable for intervening period


Annexure - 12 Consent To Operate Fee (Schedule IV) - Air Act

S. No. Capital investment (in Rs)

For Consent To Operate

Appendix A Appendix B Other than Appendix A and B

For 1 Year

For 3 Years For 1 Year

For 5 Years

For 1 Year For 10 Years

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 Upto 5 Lacs 1400 4000 1200 5000 1000 90002 More than 5 lacs upto 10 lacs 2100 6000 1800 8000 1500 135003 More than 10 lacs upto 25 lacs 2800 8000 2400 11000 2000 180004 More than 25 lacs upto 50 lacs 4000 11000 3500 16000 3000 270005 More than 50 lacs upto 1 crore 4800 13000 4200 19000 3600 320006 More than 1 crore upto 5

crores 6400 17000 5600 25000 4800 43000









15 Above 1000 crores 61000 166000 53000 245000 42000 378000Ref: Notification dated 10th December 2010, DoE, Govt of Rajasthan

1. The categorization of the projects is as Notified by the DOE, Government of Rajasthan vide dated 10th December, 2010 2. All industries/process/projects/activities generating HW as defined under the HW (MH&TM) Rules 2008 and requiring authorization thereunder, the application for consent shall be accompanied with fee equal to one and half times of the amount of fee prescribed under the schedule, other than th HW covered under category 5.1 of schedule 1 of HW (MH&TM) Rules 2008 if the quantity of waste /used /spent oil is < 5 KL per annum 3. The Concessional fee for consent to operate shall only be applicable for the period as specified in the schedule and no concessional fee is applicable for intervening period


Annexure - 13

Consent Fee Structure with Reference to Submission Time of CTO Application

Consent To Operate (First Time) S.No Time of making an application to the state Board for

Consent to Operate Consent Fee

1 If made, at least four months before the expiry of period of consent to establish

Fee as per Schedule IV

2 I If made, between four to three months, before the expiry of period of consent to establish

With additional fee of 25% of the fee prescribed in Schedule IV

3 If made, between three to two months before the expiry of period of consent to establish


4 If made, between two to one month, before the expiry of period of consent to establish


5 If made, with in one months, before the expiry of period of consent to establish

With additional fee of 100% (double the amount) of the fee prescribed in Schedule IV

Consent To Operate (Renewal)

S.No Time of making an application to the state Board for Consent to Operate

Consent Fee

1 If made, at least four months before the expiry of period of consent to operate

Fee as per Schedule IV

2 I If made, between four to three months, before the expiry of period of consent to operate


3 If made, between three to two months before the expiry of period of consent to operate


4 If made, between two to one month, before the expiry of period of consent to operate


5 If made, with in one months, before the expiry of period of consent to operate

With additional fee of 100% (double the amount) of the fee prescribed in Schedule IV

Ref: G.S.R 38 Dated 24 June 2010 of Department of Environment, Govt.of Rajasthan


Annexure - 14

Form-V

Environmental statement

Part A

• Name and address of the owner/occupier of the industry operation or process • Industry category primary- (STC Code) Secondary- (SIC Code) • Production capacity • Year of the establishment • Date of last environmental statement submitted

Part B

Water and raw material consumption (1) Water consumption m3/d

Process Cooling

Domestic

Name of Products Process Water consumption per unit of product output During the Previous During the current Financial year financial year (1) (2) (1) (2) (3)

Raw material consumption

* Name of raw Name of Consumption of raw material per unit of output Materials products -------------------------------------------------------------------- During the previous during the current Financial year financial year ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- *Industry may use codes if disclosing details of raw material would violate contractual obligations; otherwise all industries have to name the taw materials used.


Part C

Pollution discharged to environment/unit of output (Parameter as specified in the consent issued)

(1) Pollutants Quality of pollutants discharged (mass/day)

Concentrations of pollutants discharges (Mass/volume)

Percentage of variation from prescribed standards with reasons

(a) Water (b) Air

Part D

Hazardous Wastes (As specified under hazardous wastes (Management and Handling) Rules, 1989)

Hazardous Wastes Total Quantity (Kg) During the Previous During the current Financial year financial year

a. From process b. From pollution control facilities

Part E

Solid Wastes

Total Quantity

------------------------------------------------------ During the Previous During the current

Financial year financial year a. From process b. From pollution control facilities c. (1) Quantity recycled or reutilized within the unit.

(2) Sold (3) Disposed


Part F

Please specify the characterizations (in terms of composition of quantum) of hazardous as well as solid wastes and indicate disposal practice adopted for both these categories of wastes.

Part G Impact of the pollution abatement measures taken on conservation of natural resources and on the cost of production.

Part H Additional measures/investment proposal for environmental protection including abatement of pollution, prevention of pollution

Part I Any other particulars for improving the quality of the environment


Annexure - 15

Form for Filing Annual Returns by the Occupier or Operator of Facility – HW Annual

Returns

To be submitted by occupier/operator of disposal facility of Sate Pollution Control Board/Pollution Control Committee by 30th June of every year for the preceding period April to

March] 1. Name and address of the

generator/operator of facility :

2 Name of the authorized person and full address with telephone and fax number

:

3. Description of hazardous waste : Physical form with description

Chemical form

4. Quantity of hazardous wastes (in MTA)

: Type of hazardous waste Quantity (in Tonnes KL)

(a) (b) (c) ……………….. ……………………….

5. Description of Treatment : 6. Description of transportation : 7. Details of transportation : Name &

Address Mode of packing

Mode of transportation

Date of transportation

8. Details of disposal of hazardous waste

: Name & address of consignee

Mode of packing

Mode of transportation

Date of transportation

9. Quantity of useful materials

sent back to the manufacturers “and others”

Name and type of material sent back to

Quantity in Tonnes/KL

Manufacturers* Others#

*Delete whichever is not applicable # Enclose list of other agencies Date: …………………….. Signature: Place: …………………….. Designation:


Annexure - 16 Application for obtain Hazardous Waste Authorization

From: …………………………. ………………………… To The Member Secretary, …………………..Pollution Control Board/…………………Pollution Control Committee ………………………………………… Sir, I/We hereby apply for authorization/renewal of authorization under sub-rule (3) of Rule 5 of the Hazardous Waste (Management, Handling and Transboundary Movement) Rules, 2008 for collection/reception/treatment/transport/storage/disposal of hazardous wastes.

For Office Use Only 5. Code No. 6. Whether the unit is situated in a critically polluted area as identified by Ministry of Environment and Forests

To be filled in by Applicant Part A: General 3. a. Name and address of the unit and location of activity: b. Authorization required for (please tick mark appropriate activity/activities):

i. Collection ii. Reception iii. Treatment iv. Transport v. Storage vi. Disposal

c. In case of renewal of authorization previous authorization number and date 4. a. Whether the unit is generating hazardous waste as defined in these rules : b. If so the type and quantity of wastes (in Tonnes/KL) : 5. a. Total capital invested on the project (in rupees) : b. Year of commencement of production : c. Whether the industry works general/2shifts/round the clock : 6. a. List and quantum of products and by-products (in Tinnes/KL) : b. List and quantum of raw material used (in Tonnes/KL) : 7. Furnish a flow diagram of manufacturing process showing input and output in terms of products, waste generated including for captive power generation and demineralised water


Part B: Hazardous Waste 8. Hazardous Wastes:

a. Type of hazardous wastes generated as defined under these rules : b. Quantum of hazardous waste generated : c. Sources and waste characteristics : (Also indicate wastes amenable to recycling, re-processing and reuse) d. Mode of storage within the plant, method of disposal and capacity : (Provide details)

9. Hazardous wastes generated as per these Rules from storage of hazardous chemicals as defined under the Manufacture, Storage and Import of Hazardous Chemical Rules, 1989

Part C: Treatment, Storage and Disposal Facility 10. Detailed proposal of the facility (to be attached) to include :

i. Location of site (provide map) : ii. Name of waste processing technology : iii. Details of processing technology : iv. Type and quantity of waste to be processed per day : v. Site clearance (from local authority, if any) : vi. Utilization programme for waste processed (product utilization) : vii. Method of disposal(details in brief be given) : viii. Quality of waste to be displayed per day : ix. Nature and composition of waste : x. Methodology and operational details of land filling/incineration : xi. Measures to be aken for prevention and control of :

environmental pollution including treatment of leachate xii. Investment on project and expected returns : xiii. Measures to be taken for safety of workers working in the plant :

Place: Signature:…………………….. Date: Designation:…………………. * Delete whichever is not applicable


Annexure - 17

Water Cess Returns Name and Address of the consumer

Purpose for which water consumed

Reading at the beginning of the first day of the calendar month under report

Reading at the end of the last day of calendar month under report

Quantity of water consumed in kilo liters

If the meter was out of order the monthly average consumption of water for the previous 3 months of working period

Quantity of water qualifying for rebate according to the assessee

Remarks (*)

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1. Industrial cooling spraying in mine pits or boiler food

i. From municipal water supply mans ii. From well/tube well iii. From canal iv. From river v. From any other source

2. Domestic purpose i. From municipal water supply ii. From well/tube well iii. From canal iv. From river v. From any other source

3. Processing whereby water gets polluted and the pollutants are easily bio-degradable

i. From municipal water supply ii. From well/tube well iii. From canal iv. From river v. From any other source

4. Processing whereby water gets polluted and the pollutants are not easily bio-degradable and are toxic

i. From municipal water supply ii. From well/tube well iii. From canal iv. From river v. From any other source

(*) For claiming rebate under col. 7 the assessee shall indicate in this column the analytical and other reports annexed to this return in support of this claim

Signature of the consumer Name

Address


Annexure - 18

Water Cess Rates

Purpose for which water is

consumed Rate of Cess under Sub-section (2) of Section 3

Rate of Cess under sub-section (2A) of Section 3

(1) (2) (3) 1. Industrial cooling, spraying in mine pits or boiler feeds

Five paise for kilolitre Ten paise for kilolitre

2. Domestic purpose Two paise per kilolitre Three paise per kilolitre 3. Processing whereby water gets polluted and the pollutants are i. Easily biodegradable; or ii. Non-toxic; or iii. Both non-toxic and easily biodegradable

Ten paise per kilolitre Twenty paise per kilolitre

4. Processing whereby water gets polluted and the pollutants are i. Not easily biodegradable; or ii. Toxic; or iii. Both toxic and not easily biodegradable

Fifteen paise per kilolitre Thirty paise per kilolitre

Source: S.O. 499 (E) dated 6th May 2003, MoEF Note: Further, in exercise of the powers conferred by sub-section (1) of section 16 of the Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Cess Act, 1977 (36 of 1977), the Central Government hereby exempts all industries consuming water less than ten kilo liters per day from the levy of Cess specified in this notification Provided that no such exemption shall be applicable in case of industries generating ‘hazardous wastes’ as defined in clause (i) of Rule 3 of the Hazardous Waste (Management and Handling) Rules, 1989, made under section 6, 8 and 25 of the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986 (29 of 1986)


Annexure - 19

CETP Inlet Standards

Source: G.S.R 93 (E) dated 21.02.1991

55. COMMON EFFLUENT TREATMENT PLANTS:

EFFLUENTS (Inlet effluent quality for CETP)

(Concentration in mg/l)

A. Primary Treatment pH 5.5 – 9.0

Temperature oC 45

Oil & Grease 10*

Phenolic Compounds (as C6H5OH)

5.0

Ammonical Nitrogen (as N) 50

Cynide (as CN) 2.0

Chromium hexavalent (as Cr+6) 2.0

Chromium (total)(as Cr) 2.0

Copper (as Cu) 3.0

Lead (as Pb) 1.0

Nickel (as Ni) 3.0

Zinc (as Zn) 15

Arsenic (as As) 0.2

Mercury (as Hg) 0.01

Cadmium (as Cd) 1.0

Selenium (as Se) 0.05

Fluoride (as F) 15

Boron (as B) 2.0

Radioactive Materials

Alpha emitters, Hc/ml 10-7

Beta emitters, He/ml 10-8

These Standards apply to the small-scale industries, i.e. total discharge up to 25 KL/Day. For each CETP and its constituent units, the State Board will prescribe standards as per the local needs and conditions; these can be more stringent than those prescribed above. However, in case of clusters of units, the State Board with the concurrence of CPCB in writing may prescribe suitable limits.


Annexure -20

General Standards for Discharge of Effluents

S. No

Parameter Standards Inland surface

water Public sewers Land for

irrigation Marine coastal

areas (a) (b) (c) (d)

1 Color & odour * ------- * * 2 Suspended solids

mg/l, Max 100 600 200 1. For process waste

water-100 2. For cooling water effluent 10% above total suspended matter of influent

3 Particle size of suspended solids

Shall pass 850 Micron IS sieve

-- -- 1. Floatable solids max. 3 mm 2. Settleable solids max. 850 microns

4 pH Value 5.5 to 9.0 5.5 to 9.0 5.5 to 9.0 5.5 to 9.0 5 Temperature Shall not exceed 50

C above the receiving water temperature

-- -- Shall not exceed 50 C above the receiving water temperature

6 Oil and grease mg/l Max.

10 20 10 20

7 Total residual chlorine mg/l Max.

1.0 -- -- 1.0

8 Ammonical Nitrogen (as N), mg/l Max.

50 50 -- 50

9 Total Kjeldahl nitrogen (as NH3), mg/l Max.

100 -- -- 100

10 Free ammonia (as NH3), mg/l Max.

5.0 -- -- 5.0

11 Bio-chemical oxygen demand (3 days at 270 C), mg/l max.

30 350 100 100

12 Chemical oxygen demand, mg/l max.

250 -- -- 250

13 Arsenic (as As), mg/l max.

0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2

14 Mercury (as Hg), mg/l max.

0.01 0.01 -- 0.01

15 Lead (as Pb), mg/l max.

0.1 1.0 -- 2.0


16 Cadmium (as Cd), mg/l max.

2.0 1.0 -- 2.0

17 Hexavalent chromium (as Cr +6), mg/l max.

0.1 2.0 -- 1.0

18 Total chromium (as Cr), mg/l max.

2.0 2.0 -- 2.0

19 Copper (as Cu), mg/l max.

3.0 3.0 -- 3.0

20 Zinc (as Zn), mg/l max.

5.0 15 -- 15

21 Selenium (as Se), mg/l max.

0.05 0.05 -- 0.05

22 Nickel (as Ni), mg/l max.

3.0 3.0 -- 5.0

23 Cyanide (as CN), mg/l max.

0.2 2.0 0.2 0.2

24 Fluoride (as F), mg/l max.

2.0 15 -- 15

25 Dissolved phosphates (as P), mg/l max.

5.0 -- -- --

26 Sulphide (as S), mg/l max.

2.0 -- -- 5.0

27 Phenolic compounds (as C6H5OH), mg/l max.

1.0 5.0 -- 5.0

28 Radio active materials: a. Alpha emitter

micro curie/ml 10-7 10-7 10-8 10-7

b. Beta emitter micro curie/ml

10-6 10-6 10-7 10-6

29 Bio-assay test 90% survival of fish after 96 hours in 100% effluent

90% survival of fish after 96 hours in 100% effluent



30 Manganese (as Mn), mg/l

2 2 -- 2

31 Iron (as Fe), mg/l 3 3 -- 3 32 Vanadium (as V),

mg/l 0.2 0.2 -- 0.2

33 Nitrate nitrogen, mg/l

10 -- -- 20

* All efforts should be made to remove colour and unpleasant odour as far as practicable These standards shall be applicable for industries, operations or processes other than those industries, operations or process for which standards have been specified of the Environment Protection Rules, 1989 Source: G.S.R 422 (E) dated 19.05.1993 and G.S.R 801 (E) dated 31.12.1993 issued under the provisions of E (P) Act 1986


Annexure - 21

Prohibition on the Handling of the Azodyes Ministry of Environment & Forests, Government of India had prohibited on the handling of following Azodyes vide S.O. 243 (E) dated 26th March 1997. The prohibition on the handling of the Azodyes shall apply to the whole of India

S. No Colour Index Generic Number Colour Index Number 1. Acid Red 4 14710 2. Acid Red 5 14905 3. Acid Red 24 16140 4. Acid Red 26 16150 5. Acid Red 73 27290 6. Acid Red 114 23635 7. Acid Red 115 27200 8. Acid Red 116 26660 9. Acid Red 128 24125 10. Acid Red 148 26665 11. Acid Red 150 27190 12. Acid Red 158 20530 13. Acid Red 167 - 14. Acid Red 264 18133 15. Acid Red 265 18129 16. Acid Red 420 - 17. Acid Violet 12 18075 18. Acid Brown 415 - 19. Acid Black 131 - 20. Acid Black 132 - 21. Acid Black 209 - 22. Basic Red 111 - 23. Basic Red 42 - 24. Basic Brown 4 21010 25. Developer 14 = Oxidation Base 20 76035 26. Direct Yellow 48 23660 27. Direct Orange 6 23375 28. Direct Orange 7 23380 29. Direct Orange 10 23370 30. Direct Orange 108 29173 31. Direct Red 2 23500 32. Direct Red 7 24100 33. Direct Red 21 23560 34. Direct Red 22 23565 35. Direct Red 24 29185 36. Direct Red 26 29190


37. Direct Red 39 23630 38. Direct Red 46 23050 39. Direct Red 62 29175 40. Direct Red 67 23505 41. Direct Red 72 29200 42. Direct Violet 21 23520 43. Direct Blue 1 24410 44. Direct Blue 3 23705 45. Direct Blue 8 24140 46. Direct Blue 9 24155 47. Direct Blue 10 24340 48. Direct Blue 14 23850 49. Direct Blue 15 24400 50. Direct Blue 22 24280 51. Direct Blue 25 23790 52. Direct Blue 35 24145 53. Direct Blue 53 23860 54. Direct Blue 76 24411 55. Direct Blue 151 24175 56. Direct Blue 160 - 57. Direct Blue 173 - 58. Direct Blue 192 - 59. Direct Blue 201 - 60. Direct Blue 215 24115 61. Direct Blue 295 23820 62. Direct Green 85 30387 63. Direct Blue 222 30368 64. Direct Black 91 30400 65. Direct Black 154 - 66. Disperse Yellow 7 26090 67. Disperse Yellow 23 26010 68. Disperse Yellow 56 - 69. Disperse Orange 149 - 70. Disperse Red 151 26130


Annexure - 22

Noise Limits for Generator Sets run with Diesel 1. Noise limit for diesel generator sets (up to 1000 KVA) manufacture on or after the 1st July 2003 The maximum permissible sound pressure level for new diesel generator (DG) sets with rated capacity up to 1000 KVA, manufactured on or after the 1st July, 2003 shall be 75 dB (A) at 1 meter from the enclosure surface The diesel generator sets should be provided with integral acoustic enclosure at the manufacturing stage itself The implementation of noise limit for these diesel generator sets shall be regulated as given in paragraph 3 below 2. Noise limit for DG sets not covered by paragraph 1 Noise limits for diesel generator sets not covered by paragraph 1, shall be as follows: 2.1 Noise from DG set shall be controlled by providing an acoustic enclosure or by treating the room acoustically, at the users end 2.2 The acoustic enclosure or acoustic treatment of the room shall be designed for minimum 25 dB (A) insertion loss or for meeting the ambient noise standards, whichever is on the higher side (if the actual ambient noise is on the higher side, it may not be possible to check the performance of the acoustic enclosure/acoustic treatment. Under such circumstances the performance may be checked for noise reduction up to actual ambient noise level, preferably, in the nighttime). The measurement for insertion loss may be done at different points at 0.5m from the acoustic enclosure/room, and then averaged 2.3 The DG set shall be provided with proper exhaust muffler with insertion loss of minimum 25 dB (A) 2.4 these limits shall be regulated by the State Pollution Control Boards and the State Pollution Control Committees 2.5 Guidelines for the manufacturers/users of Diesel Generator sets shall be as under:

01. The manufacturer shall offer to the user a standard acoustic enclosure of 25 dB (A) insertion loss and also a suitable exhaust muffler with insertion loss of 25 dB(A) 02. The user shall make efforts to bring down the noise levels due to the DG set; outside hid premises, within the ambient noise requirements by proper siting and control measures


03. Installation of a DG set must be strictly in compliance with the recommendations of the DG set manufacturer 04. A proper routine and preventive maintenance procedure for the DG set should be set and followed in consultation with the DG set manufacturer which would help prevent noise levels of the DG set from deteriorating with use

3. Limits of noise for DG Sets (Up to 1000 KVA) Manufactured on or after the 1st July 2003 3.1 Applicability

01. These Rules apply to DG sets up to 1000 KVA rated output, manufactures of imported in India, on or after 1st July 2003

02. These rules shall not apply to

a. DG sets manufactures or imported for the purpose of exports outside India; and b. DG sets intended for the purpose of sample and not for sale in India

(Please refer Notification No. G.S.R. 371 (E) dated 17th May, 2002 for details)

RSPCB - Textiles Case Study

Documents

Transcript of RSPCB - Textiles Case Study