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CAD CAM EDM DRO Home Page RS-274D is the standard for numerically controlled machines developed by the

Electronic Industry Association in the early 1960's. The RS-274D revision was

approved in February, 1980.

There are a number of historical sidelights to this standard, many having to do with

the original use of punched paper tape as the only data interchange medium. The

64-character EIA-244 paper tape standard is now (thankfully) obsolete, and ASCII

character bit patterns are now the standard representation. Others are methods for

'searching' for specific lines (program blocks) on the tape, 'rewinding' the tape, etc. 

The basic unit of the program is the 'block', which is seen in printed form as a 'line'

of text. These lines usually start with a number, as N0001 X123.

Each block can contain one or more 'words', which consist of a letter, describing a

setting to be made, or a function to be performed, followed by a numeric field,

supplying a value to that function. An example would be X10.001, which by itself 

indicates the X axis should move to a position of 10.001 user units, which would

normally be inches or mm. Various words can be combined to specify multi-axis

moves, or perform special functions.

The common axes are normally named :

A - Angular axis around X axis

B - Angular axis around Y axis

C - Angular axis around Z axis

U - Secondary axis parallel to X

V - Secondary axis parallel to Y

W - Secondary axis parallel to Z

X - Primary Linear Axis

Y - Primary Linear Axis

Z - Primary Linear Axis

Control words are :

F - Feed Rate

G - Preparatory Functions

M - Miscellaneous Function

S - Spindle Speed

T - Tool Function

Preparatory (G) Functions :

G00 - Positioning

G01 - Linear Interpolation

G02 - Circular (Clockwise) Interpolation

G03 - Circular (Counterclockwise) Interpolation

G04 - Dwell (not modal)

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G17 - XY plane

G18 - ZX plane

G19 - YZ plane

G33 - Threadcutting, constant lead

G34 - Threadcutting, Increasing LeadG35 - Threadcutting, Decreasing Lead

G40 - Cancel Cutter compensation

G41 - Cutter Compensation, Tool Left of Path

G42 - Cutter Compensation, Tool Right of Path

How to use Cutter Diameter Compensation 

G43 - Tool Length Offset

How to use Tool Length Offset 

G49 - Cancel Tool Length Offset

G70 - Inch Programming

G71 - metric programming

Miscellaneous (M) Functions :

M00 - Program Stop

M01 - Optional Program Stop

M02 - End of Program

M03 - Spindle CW

M04 - Spindle CCW

M05 - Spindle Stop

M06 - Tool Change

M07 - Flood Coolant On

M08 - Mist Coolant On

M09 - Coolant Off

Related Topics:

  CAD - Computer Aided Design. 

  CAM - Computer Aided Manufacturing. 

  CNC - Computerized Numeric Control.