RS and GIS: UWGB 2011 Dutch, Fermanich and Stiefvater.
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Transcript of RS and GIS: UWGB 2011 Dutch, Fermanich and Stiefvater.
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RS and GIS: UWGB 2011
Dutch, Fermanich and Stiefvater
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Remote Sensing
http://www.cas.sc.edu/geog/rslab/Rscc/rscc-frames.html
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What is Remote Sensing?• Acquisition of physical data of an object without
touch or contact.• Observation of a target by a device separate
from it by some distance.• ”Reconnaissance at a distance.”• Depends on context.• Some definitions include Geophysical (seismic,
magnetic, gravitational, acoustical, & nuclear decay radiation surveys)
• These days usually implies more than mere visual processing
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What Sensors Detect
• Electromagnetic radiation– Radio– Infrared (thermal)– Visible– Ultraviolet– X-Ray and gamma ray
• Force fields– Gravity– Magnetism
• Acoustic energy– Audible– Ultrasonic– Infrasonic– Seismic
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Sensors
• Cameras• Radiometers and scanners• Lasers• Radio frequency receivers• Radar systems• Sonar• Thermal devices• Seismographs• Magnetometers• Gravimeters• Scintillometers
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Fig. 18-2, p.430
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Remote Sensing
http://www.cas.sc.edu/geog/rslab/Rscc/rscc-frames.html
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• Source of the radiation being sensed may or may not be independent of the sensing device.
• Passive remote sensing relies on the radiation originating from some other source, principally the sun.– Often Visible, NIR
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• Source of the radiation being sensed may or may not be independent of the sensing device.
• Active remote sensing devices, such as radar, direct radiation of a particular form towards an object and then detect the amount of that energy which is radiated by the object. – microwave and radio wave regions
of the EM spectrum. – Lidar (Laser Imaging raDAR)
systems :ultraviolet, visible and near infrared wavelengths.)
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Applications
Land Use Geology Hydrology Vegetation Soils
GIS
Extracted Info
Sensor Data
Physical Object
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Geographic Information Systems (GIS)
• Data– Vector– Raster
• Metadata (Data About the Data)– When, how, by whom acquired– What the data means– How accurate is the Data– How the Computer should deal with Data
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Image of the day• Where:
Southern Chile
• When: January 19, 2009
Chaiten Volcano, Chile
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Image of the day• Where: Southern Chile• When: January 19, 2009• What’s being sensed?
– Ash plume and previous ash falls– Dispersal patterns and paths
• Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer (ASTER)– Multi spectral including visible and IR
• Satellite: NASA’s Terra (launched Feb. 2000)
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Why Chaiten is Neat
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Image of the Day
• Rehearse
• Scale, location, orientation
• Be able to pronounce terms correctly
• Anticipate questions– Effects on people and environment– Unusual features in image– How data acquired