RR300167The on-site lagoon was simulated by using, two. (2) one (1) gallon aquaria. A gallon of well...

TREATABILITY STUDYGROUND WATER - WELLS A-l AND A-2

MODERN SANITARY LANDFILLWINDSOR AND LOWER WINDSOR TOWNSHIPS

YORK COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA

AGES PROJECT NO. 3081, W.O. 004

,.Cr- .; • -'* -

December, 1982

Applied Geotechnical and Environmental Service Corp.1151 S -Trooper Road, Nofristaum, Pa. 19403

215-666-7404 - . .

RR300167

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Page No.

Introduction - 1

Background 2-

Sample Collection 3

Treatability Tests it

Table 1 - Sample Well A^l/Simulated 6On-Site Lagoon

Table 2 - Sample Well A-2/Simulated " 7Transport Vehicle

Table 3 - Sample Well A-2/Simulated • 8On-Site Lagoon

Table 4 - Sample Well A-2/Simulated - 9Transport Vehicle

Figure 1 - Monitoring Well A-l _. 10

Figure 2 - Monitoring Well A-2 ; "" 11

Data Evaluation . - 12 -

Conclusions 14

Recommendations - 1 5

APPENDIX - Certificates of Analysis

flR300i68

— 1 —

INTRODUCTION

This report presents the results of laboratory scale treatability

studies designed to evaluate proposed procedures for removal of

volatile organic compounds found in localized ground water

pockets located directly beneath the Modern Sanitary Landfill in

York County, PA. It was completed pursuant to written SCA

Authorization, dated October 6, 1982, of AGES Corp. proposal

dated June 1, 1982. . _. . . .

BR300169

-2-

BACKGROUND

On June 1, 1982 AGES Corp. submitted a proposal to SCA Services

Inc. for laboratory services to determine the - least expensive

method for removing volatile organic compounds CVOC), some .of

which were found In samples previously acquired from two

monitoring wells A-l and A-2, which are located well- within

landfill acreage. . . ...

Analysis of water samples for Wells _A-1 and A-2, over the past

year, Indicate that the shallow "ground water beneath portions of

the landfill contain volatile organics in varying .concentrations.

Accordingly, the proposal was developed on the basis that

landfill management was considering extracting any contaminated

ground water, pretreating it, and hauling it from the site to a

permitted disposal facility. The proposed study was to develop a

least cost method to remove, from the collected water, only

volatile organic compounds. Since.hauling the collected ground

water off site, for final disposal was considered viable, the

proposal was oriented to include air stripping either in the

transport vehicle or in a specially constructed on-site lagoon.

The removal of VOC constituents by activated carbon was also

proposed as an alternative treatment. The list of volatile

organics monitored are listed in Tables 1 through.4.

ftR30QI70

-3-

SAMPLE COLLECTION

On October -22, 1982, AGES personnel visited the landfill site and

collected samples from Wells A-l- and A-2. Initially, "each well

was pumped to remove 3 to 5 times its volume. This ensured that

water from .the main ground water system was obtained for testing

purposes. After pumping, six'gallons of sample was obtained from

each well-by bailing. The gallon .sample containers were' filled

to the top and carefully capped. "Separate vials, with tef.lon

septa, were also filled with sample from each well. Care was

taken to ensure that no air was present in the vials. The

laboratory analysis — of the vial samples served, as the A-l

Untreated - Analysis (table .1) -and A-2 Untreated Analysis (Table

3) - All -samples were"-immediately transported to AGES * Valley

Forge^Laboratory. _ _ . _ . _ . . _ _ -

SR3Q0171

-i,-

TBEATABILI-TY- TESTS . __

1. Air Stripping .

Treatability tests were designed to evaluate the efficiency of

mass air transfer in stripping the volatile organic components in

two simulated environments: a transport vehicle and a specially

constructed on-site lagoon.

To simulate the transport vehicle environment, two (2) of.the

gallon jars which had been filled in the field, with water from-

Wells A-l. and A-2, were used. Five (5) holes were punched in

each jar lid to simulate transport vehicle access ports. Four

(*O of the holes were about 3/8" in diameter; the center hole was

made slightly larger to accommodate - an air hose which was

attached to a stone sparger. The air hose and stone sparger were

lowered to the bottom of each jar.

The on-site lagoon was simulated by using, two. (2) one (1) gallon

aquaria. A gallon of well water from each of Wells A-3__and A-2

was placed in each aquarium. An air hose and stone sparger was

placed on the bottom of each aquarium.

For_ each simulated environment, air was supplied by two small

pumps. Control of the rate of the air from these pumps was by

small aquarium needle valves. Air flow was measured by inverting

a graduated cylinder filled with water over the air hose. _The

time to displace the water was recorded and the needle valve

appropriately adjusted. For testing purposes, a volume of air

equal to 0.0125 cfm/gal was used for both alternatives.

RR300I72

/

Samples for "analysis" of the volatile organic components in each

of the four test containers were collected at 1, 3 •> 6, and 2H

hours. Data from these analytical- observations are presented in

Tables 1 through U. - Selected observations .of these data are

graphically depicted in Figures 1 and 2.

2. Carbon Absorption

A cursory evaluation of both air stripping and carbon absorption

to reduce volatile.organic compounds in the well-water suggested

that, if successful, air stripping would be the more economical.

The economical diffference between the two alternatives would be

especially significant if... - the stripping process could be

conducted in the transport vehicle. Therefore, the carbon test

was .only run in a preliminary manner.

To conduct the carbon test, two (2) glass columns 3/^n in

diameter and 31.-"cm- and 33 cm. long, respectively, were utilized.

Activated cocoanut charcoal was used to fill the column and a

water sample from -each well was percolated down through each

column by gravity. . .Leach water samples were collected and held

pending the outcome of. the airv__stripping study. Upon completion

of- the air stripping ^study, analyses were to be run on the

samples collected from" the carbon evaluation, only if air

stripping was-not deemed highly successful. Because of the high

success of the air sjtripping procedures, the carbon column leach

samples were not analyzed.

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DATA EVALUATION (£ >

Tables 1 and 3 present the data for the on-site lagoon simulation

for samples from Wells A-l and A-2, respectively. Tables 2 and 4

present data for the transport vehicle simulation for samples A-l

and A-2, respectively. Selected data for the two (2) wells are

presented in Figures 1 and 2.

Raw data for samples from both wells indicate that concentrations

of various volatile organics are higher in well A-l than in well

A-2. Further, treatability data from the air -stripping tests

suggest .that the differences observed between the lagoon

simulation and the vehicle transport simulation are random and

insignificant beyond an aeration time of 6-*- hours.

To determine the rate of VOC decrease with aeration time, in the

case of those compounds which required aeration times of 6 hours

or more, concentrations were plotted against time in Figures 1

and 2. Only methylisobutyl ketone requried an aeration time

substantially in excess of 6 hours for either system.

As a result of this test program, a maximum aeration of 24 hours

appears satisfactory to strip all volatile organic compounds.

However, since The majority of volatile organics were removed in

substantially less time than 24 hours, the insitu removal program

should be initiated at a maximum time of 8 hours and increased if

necessary.

A review of the data also suggests that the concentrations of

these volatile organic compounds affect their purgability rates.

fiR3Q0180

-13-

If measured field concentrations are substantially higher than

those -in the initial test values, aeration detention times longer

than 24 hours may be required. Increases in 'detention times can

possibly be avoided by providing air volumes higher than the

0.0125 cfm/gal used.in the testing program. Any field removal

program will -requ~ire~ careful monitoring of volatile organic

concentration variations and removal efficiencies to insure

utilization of the optimum system.

ASSflRSOOIS

-14-

CONCLUSIONS

1. Air stripping of volatile organics in .water drawn from wells

A-l and A-2 is effective, at least for those compounds

detected. -Activated carbon, due to its anticipated higher

cost, is not appropriate for removal of the volatile organics

constituents only.

2. The difference between the rate of removal of volatile

organics for the simulated on-site lagoon and the transport

vehicle are random and insignificant beyond 6+ hours of

aeration.

3- At air volumes of 0.0125 cfm/gal a detention time of 8 hours

is sufficient to fully purge the volatile organics compounds

found in Wells A-l and A-2. However, substances, such as

MIK, may require an increase in detention times to 24 hours.

AG5-fiR300i82

-15-

OOWAL(Rsdj

ENGINEERING RECOMMENDATIONS

The following" engineering "reco~mmendations are based on the

results of the specific laboratory study reported herein, the

fact that we believe that the laboratory study represents a worst

case situation and experience gained from similar situations.

These engineering recommendations are also in accordance with the

contractual agreement between AGES and SCA Services.

1. A transport vehicle, with appropriate aeration equipment be

utilized as the least expensive alternative for VOC

stripping.

2. Liquids should be aerated for a minimum of eight (8) hours.

However, an extension of the aeration time to twenty-four

(24) hours may become necessary to remove substances such

as MIK.

3. The minimum volume of air necessary to keep aeration

times, .to eight (8) hours is 0.0125 cubic feet per minute

for each gallon of .^liquid.

M. The blower to be used to provide the air -should be sized for

1-5- times the-minimum requirement to allow "for increases in

the maximum VOC concentrations.

5. The air space above the liquid in the 'transport vehicle

should be 1/10 of the vehicle tank height-.

6. " Transport vehicle -vents should b'e wide open during the

purging program..

flR300!83

-16-

7- After aeration for a minimum of eight (8) hours, the liquid

should be analyzed for volatile organics to establish process

effectiveness. If suitable reduction is not complete, either

detention time should be increased to twenty- four hours or

beyond and/or air quantity increased above the recommended

rate.

AR30018U

APPENDIX - CERTIFICATES OF ANALYSIS

,A'R3QQ185

LABORATORIES1151 S. Trooper Road, Norristown, PA 19403 (2l$j~66&-7404

Engineering Consultants — Analytical Services

ANALYTICAL REPORT

January 4, 1983

Modern LandfillC/D SCfi Services, Inc.7©0 N. Hartley St.York, PA 174S5

S Pro.iect NQ» 43BB_1

Re: Analysis <if Monitoring WellSample for Treatability StudySubmitted 18/££/8£

Lab I.D. #821059

Wells fl-1 «nd fl-H were aerated under controlled air flow andcontainer limitations in order to simulate the strippins ofvolatile organic compounds from the water.

The on-site lagoon was simulated by using an aquarium and the=transport vehicle by a gallon jar with constricted openings onthe lid to simulate the inspection parts of the tanker. Theflows were ©.35 L/minute or 0.8125 cu. ft/min/nal.

Samples were taken at various time intervals in order todetermine the rate of depletion of the volatile organics.

In summary, we observed a depletion of the volatile organics of955C or better after & hours of aeration. fifter £4 hours ofaeration no volatile organics were observed.

The value in parathese is the percent depletion of the originalconcentrst ion.

LABORATORY SAMPLES ARE RETAINED BY AGES LABORATORIESFOR 30 DAYS FROM THE DATE OF THIS ANALYTICAL REPORT.

RR300186

-,R£r --:ffnk lysis' or Mco i" Coring Wells

Truest ibi lity StudySubmitted

R-l Transport"1" """" "" fi-1 Transport

Methanol - ....•- = -- _ - -- ""', -Methylene. Chloride ~^-i---~- . ^ :" f--.4--Np ~ NDficetone =--•- -^ -~~_- : : -ND ND

Chloroform" - - ~'j\jj)" =— - - -..-•—-- --- -^Methylethyl. Ketone _:= - ~1 1 - NP •-"""• _- — _ L NDBenzene " = "":•--. ~~~ ~ ^ i ---rMn"~~ - -•=-—-— ND

Methyl isobutyl Ketone- - -.-^- . • -c-^43^8 ._ NDi, i-Dichloroethane -r -— - J^D ... ND1, 1, 1-Trichloroethane _ i.-ND ND

Trichlorof Iu6rornethane ", _ _ l.JND ~ " " h3D15 H— Dichloropropane ^ :T~~ ND. ~_'~~ _ ~ ND1, £-Dichloroethsne .: •-.-','. --ND - ND

jHlbhloroethylene _ „ - . . = - ,ND ND^trachloroethyiene - ==. ^_ L, ._ND _ _ __ __ NDToluene . ^ fl r iT ! " ::r". ND -; ;^ - - - • — --—— —

Ethyl Benzene .-. ~-,^-~~- ""....:- "i / .w- ND —--—— - - - - - - - - Xyienes ——— -: - ---=--^: :.-s-T.£ :" "" -~ -,- ... ND19 1— Dichioroethylene ,. ::? li: _1,r:: .ND ..r... ..,_.... " ... , ... ND

Trans 1, £-DichIoroethylene . . NI) . . NDChlor.oethane : - ND _ " J NDCis 1, cf-Dichloroeti-jylene . _ND : ~ ND

ND = Not Detected. ~ - ... - - ... - _ ... - . _ _ . . . .

The results are expressed as "ug/I. ~ — ,—

flR300i87

CJH61IML

flvifilysis -.of tfqnitor-inc WellsTreatafaiiity StudySubmitted " 18/2£/S£ -T

I. D. #S

ft-£ " _fl-£ Qn-Site ft-£ On-SiteUD.i.£g.siLl£= Lagoon l_Hr.; - Lagoon. 3 _Hr-

Methanol ND ND NDKethylene Chloride __ £&. 9 5.3 "; . , ND .flee tone ND ND ND

Chloroform ND ND ND :Methylethyl Ketone ND ND ;: ,ND ;_Benzene 3.7 1* 3 ~ : ". - - I

Methyl isobutyl Ketone- „ , ND ND ND1, 1-Dich lore-ethane i 134- . - .ND ND1, 1, 1-Trichloroethane - ND ND ND

Trichlorof luorornethane __ ND ND ND1, £-Dichloropropane r- ND ND NDi,£-Dichloroethkne .-. . ND ND __ ND

Trichloroethylene £©.9 3-2 : NDTet rach 1 or oet hy 1 ene ND ND NDToluene ND .- 1.® . <1-

Ethyl Benzene " ND ND ; -NDXylenes ND ND ; v ND1, l»Dichloroethylene _ ND ND ND

Trans 1, £-Dichloroethylene ND ND NDChloroethane . : ._... ND . _ND _ _NDCis I,£-DichloroethyIer.e.__ ND ND _ND

MD ^ Not Detected. • .. _ .

The results are exnresseti as uq/1. : .:= " ~:

flR300i88

(Sed)

Landfi 11:.v :±_-; "-: _."; .R _ft£aJysris-'of''ftonitorinG UellsTreatability" StudySubmitted.. 10/££/S£RGES .Lab ..I. D, #8£I059

P-2 Dn-Site.-- 1E: ft- On-Site.;e_Hr^ _ . Lagoon- £4 Mrs.

Methanol "". " "...". """.._"'..-" ' '. ".".-NET" ••-™------ ""T ^Methylene Chloride " : f " r_ J^D ND

Chloroform ~ ND ----- - - ^ -^^Methylethyl Ketpne- .f. :,ifcr -..-...-=>-. --.-NO .. - , . _-" NDBenzene ;, =1 -^---^~ -, --:- - ^ ^ ^ •Q - ••" ~"*~~~~~~NQ

l^ethylisobutyl Ketone =, :, - ,;= ND " ' ~_ Jl"""j>ID1, 1-DichloroetHane ~"~:-.."" ". . ND - _ - - _ . — - _^-1, 1, 1-Tr'ichloroethane . - : ND - ,_ ND

Trichloro'fluoromethanff .."" - :_ , ND ND1, £-DichloroprGpane":."l ."".".".l:..1 ;: ^ND " =--- - ^^£-Dichloroethar>e _=. , . _,v-_ND ND«-

<richloroethylene. ...._ ,__tr_- --..- - . isiD _ _ __NDTetrachlorbethylerie/"- ~"-- - = — — INJD "V "". NDToluene " . "._S. "•V"_jL"" ~ i rr t- rT-- |\JD r. " ""~ . . _._ ~ . " ND

Ethyl Benzene .Z- = -• -— -- - JI - _.ND "" " "" "^ _ J\IQ-,-i-. . -•: r- = "-i =-. -~li: -ND" " " "' ND

I, £-Dichloroethylene_" " " - ::_ ... . .,,_. _4NP . 7 ND

Traris 1, 2-Dichloroethylene .= .?-.-4-:-f.\ ND NDChloroethane :_..._: __ -—r . __: : ND NDCis "ls£-Dichloroethylene ND ND

ND = Not Detected. V : -.-. "."'.-' :

The- results are expressed as ug/1.

RR300189

Analysis of'KoriitorunlJi"WellsTreat ibi Li'ty StudySubmitted 10/22782ftGES Lab I.D. £3£

Transport ft~£ Transport

Kethanol ND NDNethylene Chloride ,_.,.._. _ i£. 9 - . ". : NDAcetone ND ND

Chloroform ND : NDMethylethyl Ketone _ .. ND ND

1.2." . - ^ . . - . 1 . 2

Methyl isobutyl Ketone - ND _ ND1, I-Dichloroethane 37.7 42*15 1, 1-Trichloroethmne ND - ND

Trichlorof luorometharie ND ND1 , 2-D i ch loropropane ND ND1, 2-Dichloroethane . ND ND

Trichloroethylerie S. i NDTet rach 1 oroet hy 1 ene ND NDToluene . 0. S ND

Ethyl Benzene - ~ ND NDXylenes -= - -- - ND . - ND1, 1-Dichloroethylene ND ND

Trmns 1, E-Dichloroethylene ND NDChloroethane ND NDCis 1,2-Dichloroethylene ND ND

ND « Not Detected.

The results are exoressed as uo/1.

AR3001908

Re:__L_£n=a lysis, ."of "Monitoring WellsTreatibility StudySubmitted i£i/3£/B£"

Transport ft-£ Transport6Hr._ . Ven i cl e_ £4 -Hrs

Methanol _— - - _ ND 7" NDMethyl Bine Chloride ..ND NDfleet one _ . ._,,_,!-.- ... - M-" ND ND

Chloro-forni = J~" """ ND " " NDWethylethyl Ketone_s _ __ ; _-^ . --^.: . -: NDL_ .- . . _ _ . _ . . . _ . _ _ .^ _.._ NDBenzene . •._:-._:-.• : ;:.i.z -."v: :r: ND " """

Methyl isobutyl Ketone >- - r : , ND . ._ _ ......_.__. NDi, 1-DiChloroethane v_:-^^ :-3. © " "" ND1,1, 1-Trichloroethane ... . JMD = .. . ... ND

Trichlorof ruo"r"oTnethane , ND - - ••_—•1, 2-Dichloropropane "— -~— :- :- :ND ." - '.-. - _ ND1, £-Dichloroethane _ ' . : -; -~-ND . ..._ .._ ,_ . ND

Trichloroethylene _ . . . . . . ^_ND ..._,._. .'. NDkrachloroethylene --: =- , ND . . . . . . ND'uene _ - ND ND

Ethyl Benzene : r_.^-."=: ~. ;"^ '-4.--. ^-=^ND . '_""" ™~: "=>."" "-._.-..:; — -..--. _ _ -_-. ---- -,: .? " ND _ ,. .. . ND

1,1-Dichloroethylene • „ . ND r ND

Trans 1,£-Dichloroethylene ND NDChloroethane -. .--..- = ND " NDCis i, £-Dichloroethylene Jz. ND ND

ND = Not Detected. - -- -- -- - - - - . - - .—-_i ----—,-——

The results are expressed as ug/1. " - —. :.. ....

Respectfully submitted,

ftSES Laboratories ..--.,.-,-

Jack ThornsLaboratory Manager

,bbk

AGJSAR300I91

Re: Analysis of Monitoring .Well SamplesTreatability StudySubmitted 10/££/S£ :

fl-1 fl-i Qn-Site ft- I Qn-Site!_bl£=- LlSQ.°.Hr,

Methanol ND ND NDMethylerie. Chloride 312. " .74. S .-A3. £ficetone ND ND : ND

Chloroform 31.7 13.0 -NDMethylethyl Ketone _ 81.5 ' ND NDBenzene "" IS. 4 £.9 -"-"1.5

Methyl isobutyl Ketone 51.8 ND "ND1, 1-Dichloroethane 171. 4£. 9 - ND1, 1, 1-Trichloroethane _ ND ND ~ ND

Tr i'ch lorof 1 uoromethane - ND ND NDlt£-Dichloropropane ~" ND ND NDlf £-Dichloroethane - ND ND ND

Trichloroethylene 3. 7 10. £ .. NDTetrschloroethylene ND ND NDTol'uene " - -^- 47. 8 3. 7 ~3, 3

Ethyl Benzene ~ _3S. 1 4.6 ' 6 . 5Xyl*nes» - "96,7 £6/4 : .-.=--4.01, i-Dichloroethylene ND ND ND

l,£-Dichloroethylene ND ND " WDCh 1 oroet hane ND ND NDCis. 1, £-Dichl oroet hylene ND ND .ND

ND « Not Detected.

T h e results a r e expressed a s ug/1. . _ _ . . . .

RR300I92AC

ftri_al_y5i5]_.Q Monitor.:Lng .Well SamplesTre""atrab i.l i t y St udySubmitted

P-i On-Site ft-1 Qn-Site

Met Hanoi -- . . : _ : . . _ _ ._._-.... ^ ND NDMethylene Chloride .- ^; ,r : :_.:7-;3;: vr^^rr: -NDPcetone. _ _ . , . - - ._-.-" ... .__NB ND

Chloroform" " " - - - - - ----- --- - - -— — j jj NDMethylethyl Ketone ,^ =.__:: ^^_ ~ _r_^NP^: .' . _ . . . „ , ND

. -^.. . - ..-, . ^ . -=- . .=== . - 0 ND

Methyl isobutyl -Ketone: . . :'^ ^ _ NP _._.._ MP1, 1-Dichloroeth-ane •-.---• =-..:.— - :.ND ND1, 1, 1— Trichloroethane , _ :. ._. ...:=ND -_ ND

Tri'chlorof luoroniethane =. _,. _--..-...-. ND • - NDI , £— Di'ch loropropane ....- _ __ _ _-_.:_ND NDl,£-Dichloroethane .-: :-L - :_-v .ND ND

«chloroethylene . . - .= : ND . NDrachl oroet hylene ._ - ,.,,:,,. .. ._NJp . ND

Toluene... 1..1 " -:. ~7T::- ~ :- --f: --'=-— .— 1. 9 ..... -.. - -.: ND

Ethyl Benzene ;" - "^ v --:: TT— r. r7=-]>40 ------ --— - ^DXylenes • -T.-:-^-. - f- -.:.± r. - -' — =ND „ _ _ _ ._ ND1, i-Dichloroethylene _ = . r=i/: , ND _ ND.

TranS 1, £-Dichloroethylene _. „. =. ND - _ - NDCh 1 ore-ethane _. . ... " - = ..=. \, ND NDCis 1,£-Dichloroethylene - .T ND ~ " ND

ND =" Not Detected-

The results are expressed as ug/l._ .. _-...— -- .—--.- •—•'- .-_

flR300!93

Re; Analyst's of Monitoring WellTreat ibi1ity Bt udySubmitted 18/EE/SSftGES_Lab_I..p.L_tSil059_____

fi-1 Transport ft-1 Transport

MetHanoi ND NDMethylene Chloride -— 115.© £4.1ftcetone ND ND

Ch 1 orof or m " ND NDMethylethyl Ketone ND NDBenzene _. 3.® 1MD

Methylisobutyl Ketone - 53. S 40.31,1-Dichloroethane SB. 1 - ND1,1, 1-Trichloroethane ND ND

Trichlorofluoromethane . ND ND1,S-D i ch1oropropane ND . ND1, £-Dichloroethane ND ND

Trichloroethylene 3.5 " ; NDTetrachloroethylene ... ND NDToluene - 13.6 1.4

Ethyl Benzene . 4.9 -......= NDXylenes 15.5 5.41,1-Dichloroethylene ND ND

Tr ariE 1, £—D i ch 1 oroet hy lene ND NDChloroethane - , - ND : NDCis l5£:-Dichloroethyiene ND - ND

MD - Not Detected.

The results are exnremsed as uc/1.

fiR300!9U

RR300167The on-site lagoon was simulated by using, two. (2) one (1) gallon aquaria. A gallon of well...

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Transcript of RR300167The on-site lagoon was simulated by using, two. (2) one (1) gallon aquaria. A gallon of well...