RPAS issues effect on ATM operations - CAA · Technical issues: Frequency interferencies ATM issues...

RPAS issues effect on

ATM operations

Technical issues:

Frequency interferencies

ATM issues

Unsafe operations

Security issues

Problem areas of RPAS operations

Jevgeņijs Podoba 22.07.2015 2 / 14

There is a national coordination process for assuring electromagnetic

compatibility in Latvia Republic.

Responsible stakeholder is State Joint Stock Company „Electronic

Communications Office” (VAS “Elektroniskie Sakari”).

SJSC„Electronic Communications Office” administers frequencies

between spectrum users to eliminate any electromagnetic influence

between different systems/users.

Electromagnetic compatibility assurance


960 - 1 215 MHz

Distance measuring equipment (DME): DME is the ICAO standard

system for the determination of the position of an aircraft based on the

distance between that aircraft and a ground-based DME beacons within

radio line of sight.

DVOR / DME RIA

Aviation Frequencies Bands/ranges

allocated to/used by aeronautical systems


1 030 & 1 090 MHz

Secondary surveillance radar (SSR): SSR is the ICAO standard system

that operates on two frequencies (1030 and 1090 MHz), used to identify

the position of an aircraft based on an aircrafts’ response to an

interrogation by the ground based element of the SSR system.

1090 Extended Squitter (1090ES): 1090 ES is an ICAO standard system

to support automatic dependent surveillance-broadcast (ADS-B);

automatically broadcasting the position and other parameters of the

aircraft in order to allow other aircraft and ground facilities to track that

aircraft.

Multilateration (MLAT): MLAT is the ICAO standard system used to

identify the position of an aircraft based on an aircraft's transmission

of a squitter or as response to an interrogation by a ground based SSR

or by active MLAT.

Airborne collision avoidance system (ACAS): ACAS is the ICAO

standard system operating on the same frequencies as SSR, used for

the detection and avoidance of airborne conflict situations.

Aviation Frequencies Bands/ranges

allocated to/used by aeronautical systems


Increasing number of instances of RPAS fitted with a camera and video link

The RF video link is causing interference on the 1080 and 1090 MHz

frequency – a frequency which is essential for ATC purposes.

The performance of following Navaids and Surveillance systems in Riga

airport and vicinity of Riga is negatively affected:

DME RIA

• RX frequency = 1081MHz

Riga MSSR (Mode S Secondary Surveillance Radar)


Riga WAM (Wide Area Multilateration) system


Interference due to RPAS Video Data Links



Example

LawMate 1.2 & 2.4GHz a/v receiver device

LawMate 1.2G 1000mW

TM-121800 Wireless

Video Audio AV Sender

Channels & Frequencies:

CH 1 : 1080 Mhz

CH 2 : 1120 Mhz

CH 3 : 1160 Mhz

CH 4 : 1200 Mhz

CH 5 : 1010 Mhz

CH 6 : 1040 Mhz

CH 7 : 1240 Mhz

CH 8 : 1280 Mhz

DME RIA

Reply Efficiency drops down

Continuous Active/Standby channel changeover

Riga MSSR (Mode-S Secondary Surveillance Radar)

RCMS declared "ММХс internal overload" failures

Operational range drops from 240Nm to 60Nm

“Enhanced Mode-S” data absence during internal overload periods

Riga WAM (Wide Area Multilateration) system

Decrease in number of received ModeA/C/S replies at different RX sensors level

Interference effect on NAV & SUR systems


23.07.2014 METRUM, Airport Riga, video link on 1,2 GHz /1000 mW.

29.09.2014

01.10.2014

10.10.2014

11.10.2014

15.10.2014

17.10.2014 Azimuth sector of RF interference (100-110)deg


25.10.2014 No azimuth sector detected


12.11.2014 Azimuth sector of RF interference (355–4)deg


14.12.2014 Azimuth of RF interference 110deg


21.12.2014 Azimuth of RF interference 10deg


Examples of interference cases

2014




While demonstrating SIA SPH Engineering “quad-copter” equipment in the

vicinity of “Spilve” aerodrome, it caused interferences to avionic and

ground-based equipment.




22.05.2015 Drone operation during EU summit;

Azimuth sector of RF interference (5-10)deg.




Examples of interference cases in 2015

SIA “SPH Engineering” quad-copter

LOCHEED MARTIN Indago VTOL

Video link 1080MHz

February 2015

Drone activity and loss of drone control close to LGS TX center (PRC). Drone

fall down inside LGS PRC secured area, under glide path. Police was called

by LGS security. Drone operator was arrested for the intrusion into LGS

secured area right after climbing over the fence to rescue falling drone.

23.06.2015

The occurrence report was received from ATC “Tower’ controller regarding

drone on ILS final to runway 18 observed by approaching traffic.

Drone launching and flight in the CTR was performed without any

information and/or preliminary coordination with TWR and APP. As a result

a real safety risk for 4 aircraft conducting final approach/landing phase was

created.

17.07.2015

Drone launching attempt close to LGS transmitting center (PRC) in Babīte.

Under glide path and close to final RWY 18. LGS Security instructed drone

operator about possible negative effects and recommended not to fly close

to this area.

Examples of ATM/Security issues


960–1215MHz frequency band utilization for video link shall be prohibited

RPAS operations create real safety issues for civil aviation flights

Need to elaborate the requirements and safety procedures for flights of

RPAS in the controlled airspace

Conclusions


EASA (European Aviation Safety

Agency) issued the document ”Concept

of Operations for Drones”

Working group on RPAS establishment

under umbrella of Ministry of Transport

(first meeting held on July 20, 2015)

Current situation


Jevgeņijs Podoba

Leading Engineer of Radar Division

Tālr.: +371 67 300 724

jevgeņ[email protected]

www.lgs.lv

Thank You for Attention!

Questions?


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