Rp China Case

7/25/2019 Rp China Case

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RP-China Case Outline:

1. What is the case all about? History of the case2. Claim of RP-basis, history, law. Claim of China- basis, history, law

!. Current status

"acts:

#ntece$ents

%he Phili&&ines' bilateral $is&ute with China o(er the shoal be)an on #&ril *,1++ when "ili&ino na(al shi&s &re(ente$ Chinese boats from a&&roachin)the shoal. On une of that year, /omin)o 0iaon, who was then thePhili&&ine 0ecretary of "orei)n #airs, testi3e$ in front of the Committee on"orei)n Relationsof the 4nite$ 0tates 0enatethat the 0hoal was 5a new

issue on o(erla&&in) claims between the Phili&&ines an$ China5.

Philippines v. Chinais a &en$in) arbitration case unilaterally brou)ht by

the Phili&&inesconcernin) certain issues in the 0outh China 0ea inclu$in) the

le)ality of China's 5nine-$otte$ line5 claimo(er the 0outh China 0eaun$er

the 4nite$ 6ations Con(ention on the 7aw of the 0ea846C7O09. On 1+

"ebruary 2*1, China ocially refuse$ to &artici&ate in the arbitration

because, accor$in) to China, its 2**; $eclaration un$er article 2+< co(ers

the $is&utes brou)ht by the Phili&&ines an$ that this case

concerns so(erei)nty

, thus it $eems the arbitral tribunal forme$ for the case

has no =uris$iction o(er the issue.

On /ecember 2*1!, a &osition &a&er was&ublishe$ by China to elaborate its &osition. On October 2+, 2*1,

the Permanent Court of #rbitration8PC#9 rule$ that it has =uris$iction o(er

the case, ta>in) u& se(en of the 1 submissions ma$e by anila.

%he 0carborou)h 0hoal @ an area that barely consists of lan$ an$ is mostly

ma$e u& of Auninhabite$ roc>y outcro&s, atolls, san$ban>s, an$ reefsB ha(e

been the center of contro(ersy. %he reason this &articular section of the

Paci3c Ocean is (aluable to so many $ierent states is because of the rich

resources that are foun$ there inclu$in): oil, natural )as, minerals, an$ 3sh.

CH6#D0 C7#

%he Peo&le's Re&ublic of Chinaan$ the Re&ublic of China 8%aiwan9claim thatChinese &eo&le $isco(ere$ the shoal centuries a)o an$ that there is a lon)history of Chinese 3shin) acti(ity in the area. %he shoal lies within the nine-$otte$ line$rawn by China on ma&s mar>in) its claim to islan$s an$ rele(antwaters consistent with 4nite$ 6ations Con(ention on the 7aw of the0ea846C7O09 within the 0outh China 0ea. #n article &ublishe$ in ay 2*12in the PLA Dailystates that Chinese astronomerEuo 0hou=in)went to theislan$ in 12+, un$er theFuan $ynasty, as &art of an em&ire-wi$e sur(ey

calle$ 5easurement of the "our 0eas5 8 9. n 1++ historical)eo)ra&herHan Ghenhua 89 was amon) the 3rst scholars to claim thatthe &oint calle$ 56anhai5 8literally, 50outh 0ea59 in that astronomical sur(eyreferre$ to 0carborou)h 0hoal. n 1+


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$efen$e$ this (iew in se(eral articles. n 1++*, a historian calle$ Gen)GhaoKuan 8 9 ar)ue$ instea$ that the 6anhai measurin) &oint waslocate$ in Central Iietnam. Historian of astronomyChen ei$on) 8 9an$ historian of Chinese science 6athan 0i(inha(e since a)ree$ with Gen)'s&osition in their res&ecti(e boo>s about Euo 0hou=in).

n 1+, China, as the Re&ublic of China 8ROC9, re)ar$e$ the shoal as &art ofthe Ghon)sha slan$s. %hat &osition has since been maintaine$ by both theROC, which now )o(erns %aiwan, an$ the Peo&le's Re&ublic of China 8PRC9. n1+! the shoal was )i(en the name Minzhu Jiao8Chinese: L literally:5/emocracy Reef59. n 1+, but was remo(e$by Phili&&ines in 1++.

ssue of Huanyan slan$ 80carborou)h 0hoal9

%he Huan)yan slan$ is China's inherent territory. %he Phili&&ines onceclearly state$ that the islan$ is not within its territory. "irst, a series ofinternational treaties $e3nin) the $omain of the Phili&&ine territory &ro(i$ethat the Huan)yan slan$ is outsi$e the territory of the Phili&&ines. %he thenPhili&&ine ambassa$or to Eermany eK&licitly state$ in 1++* in his letter toEerman ra$io amateurs that the Huan)yan slan$ is not within the territoryof the Phili&&ines. %he $ocuments issue$ in 1++! by the Phili&&ine 6ationala&&in) an$ Resources #uthority as well as the Phili&&ine #mateur Ra$io#ssociation all con3rme$ that the Huan)yan slan$ is outsi$e the Phili&&ineterritorial boun$ary. %he Phili&&ine ocial ma& issue$ in 2*11 also mar>e$

the Huan)yan slan$ outsi$e the Phili&&ine territorial bor$er limits.

PH7PP60D C7#

%he Phili&&inesstate that its assertion of so(erei)nty o(er the shoal is base$on the =uri$ical criteria establishe$ by &ublic international lawon the lawfulmetho$s for the acQuisition of so(erei)nty. #mon) the criteria 8eecti(e
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astronomyhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nathan_Sivinhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zhongsha_Islandshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chinese_languagehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scarborough_Shoal#cite_note-18https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philippineshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Public_international_lawhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acquisition_of_sovereigntyhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astronomyhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nathan_Sivinhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zhongsha_Islandshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chinese_languagehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scarborough_Shoal#cite_note-18https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philippineshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Public_international_lawhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acquisition_of_sovereignty


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China 0ea an$ Phili&&ine slan$s with the #rchi&ela)os of "elicia an$ 0oloo5,0carborou)h shoal an$ other shoals Ealit, Panacot an$ 7umbay were allshown in$e&en$ently. 7i also &ointe$ out that the three shoals were alsoshown on Chinese ma&s which were &ublishe$ in 11.

n 1+, the Phili&&ine )o(ernment con$ucte$ an oceano)ra&hic sur(ey ofthe area an$ to)ether with the 40 6a(yforce base$ in then 4.0. 6a(al ase0ubic ayin Gambales, use$ the area as an im&act ran)e for $efense&ur&oses. #n m9 from the baselines from which their territorialsea is measure$.

n 2**+, Presi$ent Eloria aca&a)al-#rroyoenacte$ the Philippine BaselinesLa) o! *++#8R# +229. %he new law classi3e$ the alayaan slan$ Erou&an$ the 0carborou)h 0hoal as a regi,e o! islands under the -epu%lic o! the

Philippines.

Phili&&inesD &rayer

%he Phili&&inesD arbitration case a)ainst China is solely a maritime $is&utean$ $oes not in(ol(e any territorial $is&ute. %he Phili&&ines is as>in) thetribunal if ChinaDs +-$ashe$ lines can ne)ate the Phili&&inesD G as
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/US_Navyhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/U.S._Naval_Base_Subic_Bayhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/U.S._Naval_Base_Subic_Bayhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zambaleshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philippine_flaghttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Maritime_Organizationhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Lightshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Treaty_of_Paris_(1898)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Treaty_of_Paris_(1898)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Treaty_of_Washington_(1900)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ferdinand_Marcoshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islandshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exclusive_Economic_Zonehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gloria_Macapagal-Arroyohttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baselines_of_the_Philippineshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baselines_of_the_Philippineshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/US_Navyhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/U.S._Naval_Base_Subic_Bayhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/U.S._Naval_Base_Subic_Bayhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zambaleshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philippine_flaghttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Maritime_Organizationhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Lightshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Treaty_of_Paris_(1898)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Treaty_of_Paris_(1898)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Treaty_of_Washington_(1900)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ferdinand_Marcoshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islandshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exclusive_Economic_Zonehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gloria_Macapagal-Arroyohttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baselines_of_the_Philippineshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baselines_of_the_Philippines


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)uarantee$ un$er 46C7O0. %he Phili&&ines is also as>in) the tribunal ifcertain roc>s abo(e water at hi)h ti$e, li>e 0carborou)h 0hoal, )enerate a2** 6 G or only a 12 6 territorial sea. %he Phili&&ines is further as>in)the tribunal if China can a&&ro&riate low-ti$e ele(ations 87%s9, li>e ischiefReef an$ 0ubi Reef, within the Phili&&inesD G. %hese $is&utes in(ol(e the

inter&retation or a&&lication of the &ro(isions of 46C7O0.

%he Phili&&ines is not as>in) the tribunal to $elimit by nauticalmeasurements o(erla&&in) Gs between China an$ the Phili&&ines. %hePhili&&ines is also not as>in) the tribunal what country has so(erei)nty o(eran islan$, or roc> abo(e water at hi)h ti$e, in the West Phili&&ine 0ea.

ssues:

%he maritime $is&ute between the Phili&&ines an$ China boils $own to

whether there are o(erla&&in) Gs between the Phili&&ines an$ China in the

West Phili&&ine 0ea.

#re the waters enclose$ by ChinaDs +-$ashe$ lines &art of the G of China

such that ChinaDs G o(erla&s with the G of the Phili&&ines?

Rp China Case

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